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<mods:title id= "693D7E8E2F2562101DB8E32DD14DBDF7" > The diversity of acorn barnacles (Cirripedia, Balanomorpha) across Thailand's coasts: The Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id= "FF81AFDA9BCBC713C198644A0FDEC91B" > Pochai, Ashitapol</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id= "11E86F6F47995532D92DC070394F4749" > Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chon Buri, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id= "4DC6E602A68E12A7ED8C7A4EE333D4B6" > Kingtong, Sutin</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id= "726B73BB8352A446D97496C6DFF1A89B" > Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chon Buri, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id= "CE66AF82537725ABFC914A79B11FCDAC" > Sukparangsi, Woranop</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id= "469369F62EFE3CEF6591080ECB691D44" > Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chon Buri, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id= "C31A9421F42B1A90B6DB2E588C730D11" > Khachonpisitsak, Salinee</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id= "660A4F5D6F1D309FC4EEADEA984A8E23" > Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chon Buri, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id= "18D5A3C8DA2027655A625BC430374982" ID-GBIF-Taxon= "182236918" LSID= "urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:18D5A3C8DA2027655A625BC430374982" httpUri= "http://treatment.plazi.org/id/18D5A3C8DA2027655A625BC430374982" lastPageNumber= "16" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" scope_family= "Chthamalidae" scope_order= "Sessilia" scope_subFamily= "Chthamalinae" scope_subOrder= "Balanomorpha" scope_superFamily= "Chthamaloidea" scope_superOrder= "Thoracica" >
<subSubSection id= "EAC1C38336B143D45DF5CF551F4D32CC" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" type= "nomenclature" >
<paragraph id= "6194F9EC3450F310A374FB58D6AA56AB" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" >
<taxonomicName id= "3E150277534A095EDA1478B316FB344C" authority= "Conrad, 1837" authorityName= "Conrad" authorityYear= "1837" class= "Maxillopoda" family= "Chthamalidae" genus= "Euraphia" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Euraphia hembeli" order= "Sessilia" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "species" species= "hembeli" > Euraphia hembeli Conrad, 1837</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id= "BA86BD001A6FED37F9258C147F6521FE" captionStart= "Figure 4" captionStartId= "F4" captionText= "Figure 4. Euraphia hembeli collected from Na Tai beach, Phang-nga (BUU 16. CH. CH 01). A. Dorsal and ventral view of external shell, B. External (left panel) and internal (right panel) view of tergum (upper panel) and scutum (lower panel), C. External (upper panel) and internal (lower panel) view of shell plates. Abbreviations: c, carina; cl, carinal latus; l, latus; r, rostrum." figureDoi= "10.3897/zse.93.10769.figure4" httpUri= "https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/117830" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Figure 4</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id= "18F3AEBAF0F30798BE17CFB4EE4763D5" captionStart= "Table 2" captionStartId= "T2" captionText= "Table 2. Species list and distribution of acorn barnacles found in ten sampling sites along the coastlines of the Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. Abbreviations: +, presence; abs, absence. See Table 1 for acronyms of sampling sites." pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Tables 2</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id= "855A0C2BF4C6C57E33EDA0AF4B0A54F9" captionStart= "Table 3" captionStartId= "T3" captionText= "Table 3. Distribution of acorn barnacles on different habitat types of intertidal zone (vertical zonation): low shores / sublittoral zone (LS), middle shores / littoral zone (MS), and high shores / supralittoral zone (HS)." pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > 3</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id= "431671B4C9559CCA74BCB8BD61DF2C7C" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" type= "reference_group" >
<paragraph id= "1D5C4F85D7B4FD2DC8B4372DD649D548" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" >
<taxonomicName id= "3F6946B9F20FB18F96B8F8F951F9F438" authorityName= "Conrad" authorityYear= "1837" class= "Maxillopoda" family= "Chthamalidae" genus= "Euraphia" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Euraphia hembeli" order= "Sessilia" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "species" species= "hembeli" > Euraphia hembeli</taxonomicName>
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Conrad, 1837: 261.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id= "1336D4A70E68D6A2C46A01D4CD54D6F7" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" type= "materials_examined" >
<paragraph id= "83784B5405936C46F7E0CD511560441E" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Non-type material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id= "A358FDC103912CBEC4A184CFDE225F38" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" >
<emphasis id= "13DC373E966E0C6C143163C523B0DCC9" bold= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Andaman Sea</emphasis>
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:
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<materialsCitation id= "A1E8AB38C80C2CEE0E8458C9BF8D0209" collectingDate= "2015-05-16" collectorName= "A. Pochai" country= "CH" county= "Na Tai" location= "Phang-nga province" municipality= "Takua Thung district" specimenCount= "2" >
<specimenCount id= "567BFE1CE9BFBCBA15BB49B0ABEA1E5B" type= "generic" > 2 specimens</specimenCount>
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,
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<location id= "AF5FBD641BAB4E4046D1A7FCB369C996" LSID= "urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:18D5A3C8DA2027655A625BC430374982:AF5FBD641BAB4E4046D1A7FCB369C996" country= "CH" county= "Na Tai" municipality= "Takua Thung district" name= "Phang-nga province" > Phang-nga province</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id= "5A81B6D4E345B3E57F09B8E87EB34FEE" > Takua Thung district</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingCounty id= "4D8B684AF1C556114A57A8EA99476A9F" > Na Tai</collectingCounty>
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beach,
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<collectingDate id= "E69066E8103633FCFCD73DAE51F711DB" value= "2015-05-16" > 16.V.2015</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName id= "CD0CDF3765FE47CE315307FD2A0263CE" > A. Pochai</collectorName>
(BUU16.
<collectingCountry id= "79DA530471D27DB130683DAD9A6EE38B" name= "Switzerland" > CH</collectingCountry>
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.EH01-02)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id= "592375CCD47251E4DE8E21374EC780F3" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" type= "description" >
<paragraph id= "CD54A2C924ECA72E9C041B3A9124328A" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id= "0F2E1699BFCC2334D81F12348B2119D6" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" >
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Peduncle absent; base membranous; body length larger than
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<taxonomicName id= "D40AC3C08F491194CF8D80275299B191" authorityName= "Ranzani" authorityYear= "1817" class= "Maxillopoda" family= "Chthamalidae" genus= "Chthamalus" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Chthamalus" order= "Sessilia" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
<emphasis id= "5F5B5F95179105C01A2266B7E4459108" italics= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Chthamalus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
and range from 10-30 mm. Shell brownish grey with 6 plates (1 carina, 2 carinal latus, 2 latus and 1 rostrum), carina bigger than rostrum, carinal latus bigger than latus. External surface of shell irregularly ribbed around basal margin, inner surface of parietes smooth and white with dark brown and pale violet horizontal striations around aperture. Parietes symmetrical, calcareous and solid, parietes separable, sutures coarsely serrate or with interlocking toothed structure. Orifice rhomboidal. Operculum plates symmetrical, tergum smaller than scutum, tergum and scutum separable. Scutum triangular, occludent margin of scutum with strong teeth. Tergum strongly marked with 10-12 lateral depressor crests, scutal margin strongly articulated.
</paragraph>
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<caption id= "8B0CEABA0625C6613EEA343EE494D837" ID-Zenodo-Dep= "1139505" doi= "10.3897/zse.93.10769.figure4" httpUri= "https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/117830" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" start= "Figure 4" startId= "F4" >
<paragraph id= "E241F786748ED678C610557F568B441A" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" >
<emphasis id= "E05E917897F8237D6EC43C8A80926003" bold= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Figure 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id= "71FABBB109F8A9D0DAEAEB33A1B3C5E6" authorityName= "Conrad" authorityYear= "1837" class= "Maxillopoda" family= "Chthamalidae" genus= "Euraphia" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Euraphia hembeli" order= "Sessilia" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "species" species= "hembeli" >
<emphasis id= "04EC0D285F611F0DB77B083FA8BDE434" italics= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Euraphia hembeli</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
collected from Na Tai beach, Phang-nga (BUU16.CH.CH01).
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<emphasis id= "4065C9D500D28F89C80125A5B61E3840" bold= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > A.</emphasis>
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Dorsal and ventral view of external shell,
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<emphasis id= "F4BAC501C6A5E05237310164D3D05815" bold= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > B.</emphasis>
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External (left panel) and internal (right panel) view of tergum (upper panel) and scutum (lower panel),
2024-12-01 15:09:13 +01:00
<emphasis id= "502E988506A586F7DC6519DAE442DC25" bold= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > C.</emphasis>
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External (upper panel) and internal (lower panel) view of shell plates. Abbreviations: c, carina; cl, carinal latus; l, latus; r, rostrum.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id= "19F31EB12FE7052AFBFAA003C516ED7E" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" type= "distribution" >
<paragraph id= "E80C67F4DA49EA746310118572B8CEE1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id= "A40937624A241246A2C9FD9F3AA4B577" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" >
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Barnacles in the genus
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<taxonomicName id= "B111F61E35291610C0D5C0EF6B8D35A2" authorityName= "Conrad" authorityYear= "1837" class= "Maxillopoda" family= "Chthamalidae" genus= "Euraphia" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Euraphia" order= "Sessilia" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
<emphasis id= "33B3A119E872A43A081AF5516CBDDCDA" italics= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Euraphia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
were recorded in several regions including West Africa, the Mediterranean, Hawaii and Southern Japan (
2024-12-01 15:09:13 +01:00
<bibRefCitation id= "DFC7E110F07F577771475FD5E41ED0C7" author= "Newman, WA" journalOrPublisher= "Memoirs of the San Diego Society of Natural History" pageId= "14" pageNumber= "27" pagination= "1 - 108" refId= "B58" refString= "Newman, WA, Ross, A, 1976. Revision of the balanomorph barnacles, including a catalog of the species. Memoirs of the San Diego Society of Natural History 9: 1 - 108" title= "Revision of the balanomorph barnacles, including a catalog of the species." volume= "9" year= "1976" > Newman and Ross 1976</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName id= "13B6EDBB5B48F028CA4498CA2F4AD9C6" authorityName= "Conrad" authorityYear= "1837" class= "Maxillopoda" family= "Chthamalidae" genus= "Euraphia" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Euraphia hembeli" order= "Sessilia" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "species" species= "hembeli" >
<emphasis id= "99729A6D71F5259A40CB717085F3C9E2" italics= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Euraphia hembeli</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
was previously recorded in California around San Diego (
2024-12-01 15:09:13 +01:00
<bibRefCitation id= "22F1B14838E4B40B1F55731D5698E2D5" author= "Barrett, PH" journalOrPublisher= "Routledge" pageId= "13" pageNumber= "26" refId= "B3" refString= "Barrett, PH, Freeman, RB, 2016. The Works of Charles Darwin: Vol 12: A Monograph on the sub-class Cirripedia (1854), Vol II. Routledge" title= "The Works of Charles Darwin: Vol 12: A Monograph on the sub-class Cirripedia (1854), Vol II" year= "2016" > Barrett and Freeman 2016</bibRefCitation>
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). In this study, we report the presence of
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<taxonomicName id= "694143EE7B79B524911E806796C5C902" authorityName= "Conrad" authorityYear= "1837" class= "Maxillopoda" family= "Chthamalidae" genus= "Euraphia" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Euraphia hembeli" order= "Sessilia" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "species" species= "hembeli" >
<emphasis id= "82799C377447A4E3D1B2B504723A6FAE" italics= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Euraphia hembeli</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
distributing along low and middle shore of the intertidal zone, which was only found at Na Tai station, the Andaman Sea (Table
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<tableCitation id= "E8A52C2EFAC98EFC69690794BFEEC9DB" captionStart= "Table 2" captionStartId= "T2" captionText= "Table 2. Species list and distribution of acorn barnacles found in ten sampling sites along the coastlines of the Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. Abbreviations: +, presence; abs, absence. See Table 1 for acronyms of sampling sites." httpUri= "http://table.plazi.org/id/8CC5ED546DD3E7F4A6181B0079E956DB" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" tableUuid= "8CC5ED546DD3E7F4A6181B0079E956DB" > 2</tableCitation>
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and
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<tableCitation id= "279D0F3ECCC7F1EA68BA72472CB7080D" captionStart= "Table 3" captionStartId= "T3" captionText= "Table 3. Distribution of acorn barnacles on different habitat types of intertidal zone (vertical zonation): low shores / sublittoral zone (LS), middle shores / littoral zone (MS), and high shores / supralittoral zone (HS)." httpUri= "http://table.plazi.org/id/1AB439B57300B4885DDC4EC0C42E7263" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" tableUuid= "1AB439B57300B4885DDC4EC0C42E7263" > 3</tableCitation>
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). In addition, this is the first report of its presence in Thailand.
</paragraph>
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<caption id= "1AB439B57300B4885DDC4EC0C42E7263" ID-Table-UUID= "1AB439B57300B4885DDC4EC0C42E7263" httpUri= "http://table.plazi.org/id/1AB439B57300B4885DDC4EC0C42E7263" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" start= "Table 3" startId= "T3" >
<paragraph id= "DAC92D1AFDDF46DC382EBECB548C51FC" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" >
<emphasis id= "F2F1F1EC5510A64F8C62CF6CFEB86F06" bold= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Table 3.</emphasis>
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Distribution of acorn barnacles on different habitat types of intertidal zone (vertical zonation): low shores/sublittoral zone (LS), middle shores/littoral zone (MS), and high shores/supralittoral zone (HS).
</paragraph>
</caption>
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<paragraph id= "84C4624F89F9A253E190B3B265FD0B1C" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" >
<table id= "0DEDAAC9144C1FF2AF40261FD073B804" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" >
<tr id= "672CAE3DC0FFC8B57F1BFDDED9CE569A" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" >
<th id= "01CDCBB1F6BA9B3EC3CDAFFE2C7AF9BE" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "2" > Scientific name</th>
<th id= "0200F1CC75A9448837CBB2F8EE589FB0" colspan= "3" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > Habitat type</th>
<th id= "0E1D833D6A8F172B2D5282E0C7164870" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "2" > Settlement pattern on habitats</th>
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</tr>
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<tr id= "3CF3FE31692177DE81689905E46F6A2D" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" >
<th id= "0CF3643566047A209F116A7226C90FD6" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > LS</th>
<th id= "1817B4540A80DAFDDE4978D08F79D0CC" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > MS</th>
<th id= "02AB1EA6185DDB512E1807AB4D419EC4" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > HS</th>
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</tr>
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<tr id= "F76177EE22A58C2BD1429B33F6004BFD" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" >
<td id= "1F82FAFAF65C1920957D20EAB69EF953" colspan= "5" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" >
<emphasis id= "EA0194E9AC667DA9552885EA84AD50E5" bold= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Family</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id= "A0D1D08B841EDBEDC3E489A5A74A8F42" authorityName= "Darwin" authorityYear= "1854" class= "Crustacea" family= "Chthamalidae" higherTaxonomySource= "GBIF" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "" order= "Sessilia" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "family" > Chthamalidae</taxonomicName>
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</td>
</tr>
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<tr id= "BCCD0E72971C182A17CA8B84D02792EC" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" >
<td id= "757676B5D1780D406115AE3C3008C144" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" >
<taxonomicName id= "C14A866086DCDB4090332A689822285C" authorityName= "Pilsbry" authorityYear= "1916" class= "Maxillopoda" family= "Chthamalidae" genus= "Chthamalus" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Chthamalus malayensis" order= "Sessilia" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "species" species= "malayensis" >
<emphasis id= "41D0CB7F615B8CCC839015FBAA313DD7" italics= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Chthamalus malayensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
</td>
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<td id= "E537DF5A3D32148A8686B1FBAF6655B0" colspan= "1" isEmpty= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > -</td>
<td id= "45B79DCF1D4027E5F96221D3877DC2EC" colspan= "1" isEmpty= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > -</td>
<td id= "F7A78336F9D55C9D0B3A89D648C5847E" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > +</td>
<td id= "AD97EA6F704BB6C5A706E961A070598B" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" >
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Attached to rock platform, shell of
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<taxonomicName id= "1315D90BB76B161DE0F37EDE829FDBAC" authorityName= "Schumacher" authorityYear= "1817" class= "Maxillopoda" family= "Tetraclitidae" genus= "Tetraclita" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Tetraclita" order= "Sessilia" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
<emphasis id= "925A62C0EA177A2C3152133EBAA83670" italics= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Tetraclita</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
spp. and other substrates
</td>
</tr>
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<tr id= "DC064E6BAA873CF88293F8DE4C816281" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" >
<td id= "5ABEA9B2F493A7BEAB34B4D238E8466A" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" >
<taxonomicName id= "D769D350180C3F775C7BC9AB03441051" baseAuthorityName= "Poli" baseAuthorityYear= "1795" class= "Maxillopoda" family= "Chthamalidae" genus= "Euraphia" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Euraphia depressa" order= "Sessilia" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "species" species= "depressa" >
<emphasis id= "8A690265BCEB2982B8F12F18E6B8C03C" italics= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Euraphia depressa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
</td>
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<td id= "0760BAFC91008678A77991C02AECC6BE" colspan= "1" isEmpty= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > -</td>
<td id= "AF18B68CFB995B3BFE4AE812D5B21D09" colspan= "1" isEmpty= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > -</td>
<td id= "24709AB2B9D5B37C7CB9032723A60513" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > +</td>
<td id= "2C17672DF28654871B348A5BF8719F33" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > Attached to sheltered sites of rock</td>
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</tr>
2024-12-01 15:09:13 +01:00
<tr id= "01055285EF9E580DC08FC22FCB74F74F" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" >
<td id= "7ACFCF6FC13123CA047C45D7DA77E511" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" >
<taxonomicName id= "6F20594B3A5BD4510F7B642A358AC02A" authorityName= "Conrad" authorityYear= "1837" class= "Maxillopoda" family= "Chthamalidae" genus= "Euraphia" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Euraphia hembeli" order= "Sessilia" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "species" species= "hembeli" >
<emphasis id= "F2ED199CA651569D340C5C808E389087" italics= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Euraphia hembeli</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
</td>
2024-12-01 15:09:13 +01:00
<td id= "56F2A3ADD8713CA25D50DB408B236DF8" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > +</td>
<td id= "AD77CE33B10CF56495517F4E8A046823" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > +</td>
<td id= "DA810FF744D7BC9F79D24FCEBDADCCDB" colspan= "1" isEmpty= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > -</td>
<td id= "93AA1961E2806AF7444875032DA3BB8E" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > Attached to rocky shore exposed to heavy wave action</td>
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</tr>
2024-12-01 15:09:13 +01:00
<tr id= "F88C837A00E4E5A382CAA1E2791EABBD" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" >
<td id= "535645B797F956E4D60D268D8B0AFF4E" colspan= "5" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" >
<emphasis id= "E5804A5BF1F3C1A25DE003F08376B745" bold= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Family</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id= "395E713769A88E04E5F142C55997AC73" authorityName= "Gruvel" authorityYear= "1903" class= "Hexanauplia" family= "Tetraclitidae" higherTaxonomySource= "GBIF" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "" order= "Sessilia" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "family" > Tetraclitidae</taxonomicName>
2024-06-21 12:30:24 +02:00
</td>
</tr>
2024-12-01 15:09:13 +01:00
<tr id= "1AD7953C6427039610228A223D45EAE9" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" >
<td id= "4BE1773B6F9C1DFD1EE2B39373090C92" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" >
<taxonomicName id= "36452E033A90D3D0587FE24D17690645" authorityName= "Chan & Cheang" authorityYear= "2016" class= "Maxillopoda" family= "Tetraclitidae" genus= "Newmanella" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Newmanella spinosus" order= "Sessilia" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "species" species= "spinosus" >
<emphasis id= "351E75539F4447EF17406EEC3CBF1DFD" italics= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Newmanella spinosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
</td>
2024-12-01 15:09:13 +01:00
<td id= "10DDE76FD4A806FFE3FC42378BDA0B5A" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > +</td>
<td id= "64A17135A9BACE1ADE43B65B05567943" colspan= "1" isEmpty= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > -</td>
<td id= "9638340EC2165A5E5C44E05421BD6A08" colspan= "1" isEmpty= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > -</td>
<td id= "147328C8D6B8EBD364B52D4B23164866" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > Attached to rocks on a wave exposed shore</td>
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</tr>
2024-12-01 15:09:13 +01:00
<tr id= "E1E65B12A914D278E55C519FC4B66F38" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" >
<td id= "6273669F911DDD4D6AF297A901CF2800" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" >
<taxonomicName id= "9682143BF29E8494835F55B84BAF754B" authorityName= "Chan, Tsang & Chu" authorityYear= "2007" class= "Maxillopoda" family= "Tetraclitidae" genus= "Tetraclita" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Tetraclita kuroshioensis" order= "Sessilia" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "species" species= "kuroshioensis" >
<emphasis id= "9DAEF8EB3EE55F870D00A10D64B3F154" italics= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Tetraclita kuroshioensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
</td>
2024-12-01 15:09:13 +01:00
<td id= "65D9E4FF0B973A3E069CCBA453141818" colspan= "1" isEmpty= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > -</td>
<td id= "4413124C64FC69F465529E2C1B9177C4" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > +</td>
<td id= "DA8EC74AD8195A66756FE6C0DBA431FF" colspan= "1" isEmpty= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > -</td>
<td id= "BF90843CD468EF3D39870E9AC63E581E" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > Attached to rock platform and sheltered sites of rock</td>
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</tr>
2024-12-01 15:09:13 +01:00
<tr id= "6FE4C4B05BBFB76DDFBE31F7833D9738" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" >
<td id= "2EBC05854E79D32DDA8764934EBCDD39" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" >
<taxonomicName id= "3AB64DF82D5B4463A256812FED7E9130" authorityName= "Chan, Tsang & Chu" authorityYear= "2007" class= "Maxillopoda" family= "Tetraclitidae" genus= "Tetraclita" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Tetraclita singaporensis" order= "Sessilia" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "species" species= "singaporensis" >
<emphasis id= "161C734CF00DF657705422819F286C45" italics= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Tetraclita singaporensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
</td>
2024-12-01 15:09:13 +01:00
<td id= "ABB74CC50347FAE01F6388C40D179038" colspan= "1" isEmpty= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > -</td>
<td id= "326FE09006A4E2F94784B3BD4C20CC5A" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > +</td>
<td id= "096B391E747FA9A6F97FC699E732FA76" colspan= "1" isEmpty= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > -</td>
<td id= "AC0101D01A502FBC66EF088C6E2959FD" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > Attached to rock platform and sheltered sites of rock</td>
2024-06-21 12:30:24 +02:00
</tr>
2024-12-01 15:09:13 +01:00
<tr id= "50AFC2D6D46F17D24B05C1946E60B3E3" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" >
<td id= "60D97B10AD30AC4DBA244605840099DA" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" >
<taxonomicName id= "1027FD88D7E76EC235DB40D9C50905C5" baseAuthorityName= "Bruguiere" baseAuthorityYear= "1789" class= "Maxillopoda" family= "Tetraclitidae" genus= "Tetraclita" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Tetraclita squamosa" order= "Sessilia" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "species" species= "squamosa" >
<emphasis id= "05C0FAE20A3A651B6471AD6AD1320758" italics= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Tetraclita squamosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
</td>
2024-12-01 15:09:13 +01:00
<td id= "DF8870682C37F6117FB47451BC281394" colspan= "1" isEmpty= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > -</td>
<td id= "EEE1684BFE1B81B5641F7660BBB24D74" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > +</td>
<td id= "9A08168BE7B8A56666F051C274F59A8D" colspan= "1" isEmpty= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > -</td>
<td id= "0297B36115B15C14327448706BA4B161" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > Attached to rock platform and sheltered sites of rock</td>
2024-06-21 12:30:24 +02:00
</tr>
2024-12-01 15:09:13 +01:00
<tr id= "C81F2C8DBF90C8A353629BEFC0378F64" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" >
<td id= "D74F0FF1F890A727EF66036A368E67F7" colspan= "5" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" >
<emphasis id= "9BFD04CD757D1E25E38F50EBA281F5CC" bold= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Family</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id= "5E166195BDEE95E35FAE6A8012C4DC61" class= "Crustacea" family= "Balanidae" higherTaxonomySource= "GBIF" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "" order= "Sessilia" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "family" > Balanidae</taxonomicName>
2024-06-21 12:30:24 +02:00
</td>
</tr>
2024-12-01 15:09:13 +01:00
<tr id= "D65B2DBF36BBF4181E8FF2939E1C845B" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" >
<td id= "EF55F7FB93FAAEBD8693968AC3ABAFBB" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" >
<taxonomicName id= "FF73CC47315BACDC9BF37A3199188297" baseAuthorityName= "Darwin" baseAuthorityYear= "1854" class= "Maxillopoda" family= "Balanidae" genus= "Amphibalanus" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Amphibalanus amphitrite" order= "Sessilia" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "species" species= "amphitrite" >
<emphasis id= "C002CE0AA802C2DBBB132AF8261C649B" italics= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Amphibalanus amphitrite</emphasis>
2024-06-21 12:30:24 +02:00
</taxonomicName>
</td>
2024-12-01 15:09:13 +01:00
<td id= "54948AD56552BA2510072C84E7FBB5A6" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > +</td>
<td id= "C38E8C4F89EB2B58E651D6F4DEBEB00F" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > +</td>
<td id= "261A65CB8635C0AAFDE7AEB68578758C" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > +</td>
<td id= "03B4DB386EF66A3225651E9BFB98DB6E" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > Attached to rocks on a wave exposed shore, shell of oyster and Asian green mussel, offshore vessel and various substrates</td>
2024-06-21 12:30:24 +02:00
</tr>
2024-12-01 15:09:13 +01:00
<tr id= "A16C2551C07CA35C4B8FD6852576AC4B" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" >
<td id= "0D15B3F290923D4E7A3335FFEBEB00B5" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" >
<taxonomicName id= "E6D8237578FD93557C9695C2FFD4D186" baseAuthorityName= "Utinomi" baseAuthorityYear= "1967" class= "Maxillopoda" family= "Balanidae" genus= "Amphibalanus" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Amphibalanus reticulatus" order= "Sessilia" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "species" species= "reticulatus" >
<emphasis id= "80DAD2D1AB9E48135734E1345BDC1F69" italics= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Amphibalanus reticulatus</emphasis>
2024-06-21 12:30:24 +02:00
</taxonomicName>
</td>
2024-12-01 15:09:13 +01:00
<td id= "ACB50C2463F63B3CCF41E6A7DF61C13D" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > +</td>
<td id= "EE7CD00F32576810CA15C91B8A64856A" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > +</td>
<td id= "4D9E2FE496EF6F2C7D7767975058BC61" colspan= "1" isEmpty= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > -</td>
<td id= "2C1FC7800A275E4573FA10EB5E652516" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > Attached to shell of Asian green mussel, oyster, ridged Venus clam and other substrates</td>
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</tr>
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<tr id= "99FA3D04C8EC2B0942380B7537EAE4E6" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" >
<td id= "FC4A7EECA10ED563E276C1792B5602F9" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" >
<taxonomicName id= "61726B37953F3D4A1ACDC81DD068D07F" baseAuthorityName= "Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear= "1758" class= "Maxillopoda" family= "Balanidae" genus= "Megabalanus" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Megabalanus tintinnabulum" order= "Sessilia" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "species" species= "tintinnabulum" >
<emphasis id= "D9038EAC7219D94471E3C04A318E642C" italics= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Megabalanus tintinnabulum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
</td>
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<td id= "80235A1A3EE2E1F9269B5B8BC644133A" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > +</td>
<td id= "6FB3B6328F4A700AFB26358CB820BDE7" colspan= "1" isEmpty= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > -</td>
<td id= "E57ED9FFBECF7EA6090096160E1B3CA0" colspan= "1" isEmpty= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > -</td>
<td id= "11B0FAF883F4368ED6B0A02A0713974B" colspan= "1" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" rowspan= "1" > Attached to rocky shore exposed to heavy wave action</td>
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</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id= "0B94083E4E98C24C4593681525FD49F6" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" type= "remarks" >
<paragraph id= "8F3DC05340728A78E94013F2C24E9F96" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id= "74F4928E147B0F50F50B5C590E76734A" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" >
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Based on the shell and opercular valve morphology (
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<bibRefCitation id= "6F1C200D9E272170256673B68B981DAA" author= "Newman, WA" journalOrPublisher= "Memoirs of the San Diego Society of Natural History" pageId= "14" pageNumber= "27" pagination= "1 - 108" refId= "B58" refString= "Newman, WA, Ross, A, 1976. Revision of the balanomorph barnacles, including a catalog of the species. Memoirs of the San Diego Society of Natural History 9: 1 - 108" title= "Revision of the balanomorph barnacles, including a catalog of the species." volume= "9" year= "1976" > Newman and Ross 1976</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id= "BF7D1F2DE7CFDCCA3349FDD8E3D5C8DF" author= "Kim, MH" journalOrPublisher= "Marine Fouling" pageId= "13" pageNumber= "26" pagination= "1 - 23" refId= "B47" refString= "Kim, MH, Yamaguchi, T, 1996. Larval development and phylogenetic relationship between Chthamalus challengeri and Euraphia pilsbryi (Subclass Cirripedia, Suborder Balanomorpha, Family Chthamalidae). Marine Fouling 12: 1 - 23" title= "Larval development and phylogenetic relationship between Chthamalus challengeri and Euraphia pilsbryi (Subclass Cirripedia, Suborder Balanomorpha, Family Chthamalidae)." volume= "12" year= "1996" > Kim and Yamaguchi 1996</bibRefCitation>
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), two candidates:
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<taxonomicName id= "D8A5CE28E1493D08DF160AA8B67EAEEF" authorityName= "Conrad" authorityYear= "1837" class= "Maxillopoda" family= "Chthamalidae" genus= "Euraphia" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Euraphia hembeli" order= "Sessilia" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "species" species= "hembeli" >
<emphasis id= "0134FBD7DDAD522C4FE08CBC2ED8436A" italics= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Euraphia hembeli</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
Conrad, 1837 and
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<taxonomicName id= "62A485BE935777E1FB1DCC8BC8CCE226" baseAuthorityName= "Hiro" baseAuthorityYear= "1936" class= "Maxillopoda" family= "Chthamalidae" genus= "Euraphia" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Euraphia pilsbryi" order= "Sessilia" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "species" species= "pilsbryi" >
<emphasis id= "0CF58AE4F07F380552E41C3FB2AFCC0E" italics= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Euraphia pilsbryi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
Hiro, 1936 (reassigned as
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<taxonomicName id= "7177FE5F9AA6F9B8D953FB67958702E6" baseAuthorityName= "Hiro" baseAuthorityYear= "1936" class= "Hexanauplia" family= "Chthamalidae" genus= "Hexechamaesipho" higherTaxonomySource= "GBIF" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Hexechamaesipho pilsbryi" order= "Sessilia" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "species" species= "pilsbryi" >
<emphasis id= "9E8A220FC7BCA6B9A2D7D2D8F2AB0F38" italics= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Hexechamaesipho pilsbryi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
(Hiro, 1936)) show similar patterns of opercular plates to our collected specimens. Based on
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<bibRefCitation id= "061DF7E9714BA6778184731B177298E0" author= "Newman, WA" journalOrPublisher= "Memoirs of the San Diego Society of Natural History" pageId= "14" pageNumber= "27" pagination= "1 - 108" refId= "B58" refString= "Newman, WA, Ross, A, 1976. Revision of the balanomorph barnacles, including a catalog of the species. Memoirs of the San Diego Society of Natural History 9: 1 - 108" title= "Revision of the balanomorph barnacles, including a catalog of the species." volume= "9" year= "1976" > Newman and Ross (1976)</bibRefCitation>
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, description of
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<taxonomicName id= "9D70A0E20CF6BF97A3E45FFDE178458B" authorityName= "Conrad" authorityYear= "1837" class= "Maxillopoda" family= "Chthamalidae" genus= "Euraphia" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Euraphia hembeli" order= "Sessilia" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "species" species= "hembeli" >
<emphasis id= "EBC55FFE1928830FAAF717EB687F7B00" italics= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Euraphia hembeli</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
in
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<bibRefCitation id= "7D0A793DBBB68CE85822C079B0575D99" author= "Barrett, PH" journalOrPublisher= "Routledge" pageId= "13" pageNumber= "26" refId= "B3" refString= "Barrett, PH, Freeman, RB, 2016. The Works of Charles Darwin: Vol 12: A Monograph on the sub-class Cirripedia (1854), Vol II. Routledge" title= "The Works of Charles Darwin: Vol 12: A Monograph on the sub-class Cirripedia (1854), Vol II" year= "2016" > Barrett and Freeman (2016)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id= "B822CAF501E598443CFE19CA43F01791" author= "Chan, BKK" journalOrPublisher= "Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId= "13" pageNumber= "26" pagination= "315 - 328" refId= "B14" refString= "Chan, BKK, Hsu, CH, Southward, AJ, 2008. Morphological variation and biogeography of an insular intertidal barnacle Hexechamaesipho pilsbryi (Crustacea: Cirripedia) in the Western Pacific. Bulletin of Marine Science 83 (2): 315 - 328" title= "Morphological variation and biogeography of an insular intertidal barnacle Hexechamaesipho pilsbryi (Crustacea: Cirripedia) in the Western Pacific." volume= "83" year= "2008" > Chan et al. (2008)</bibRefCitation>
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, our specimens fit more into
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<taxonomicName id= "F01BBC11C7D8B5B83AD5B6006B41D53B" authorityName= "Conrad" authorityYear= "1837" class= "Maxillopoda" family= "Chthamalidae" genus= "Euraphia" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Euraphia hembeli" order= "Sessilia" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "species" species= "hembeli" >
<emphasis id= "18BC2784ECFA1EC19CE896A8EA1A0C07" italics= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Euraphia hembeli</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
and differ from other
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<taxonomicName id= "9072C34091CF4F4F46687E530F83523B" authorityName= "Conrad" authorityYear= "1837" class= "Maxillopoda" family= "Chthamalidae" genus= "Euraphia" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Euraphia" order= "Sessilia" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
<emphasis id= "E3C3D1C7AC04F419226EF75CB64C946C" italics= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Euraphia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
in its gigantic appearance (up to 30 mm) and the presence of strong marked lateral depressor crests (10-12 in number, less in
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<taxonomicName id= "BAF145EC429B1401DE5F1D8019DB2E08" baseAuthorityName= "Hiro" baseAuthorityYear= "1936" class= "Hexanauplia" family= "Chthamalidae" genus= "Hexechamaesipho" higherTaxonomySource= "GBIF" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Hexechamaesipho pilsbryi" order= "Sessilia" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "species" species= "pilsbryi" >
<emphasis id= "6343874AA9678103569BEB39CF1A6C31" italics= "true" pageId= "3" pageNumber= "16" > Hexechamaesipho pilsbryi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
