treatments-xml/data/16/12/87/161287F75D41FFA192C4FAB0FF10F912.xml

<document id="528AA20425B35B33EC60570FC6F852F2" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.360.2.3" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13703822" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1725581708005" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Al-Shehbaz, Ihsan A., Cano, Asunción, Manchego, Marco Antonio Cueva &amp; Salariato, Diego L." docDate="2018" docId="161287F75D41FFA192C4FAB0FF10F912" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.360.2.3.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 360 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.360.2.3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Machaerophorus arequipa Al-Shehbaz, A. Cano, M. Cueva &amp; Salariato 2018, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="118" masterDocId="EA2BFF8F5D43FFA5924CFFF8FFD0FFDB" masterDocTitle="Remarkable discoveries in the long-neglected and Peruvian-endemic genus Machaerophorus (Brassicaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="124" masterPageNumber="114" pageNumber="116" updateTime="1725593851270" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="7E33FDD3DF3B9918234BA9C913396461">Remarkable discoveries in the long-neglected and Peruvian-endemic genus Machaerophorus (Brassicaceae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8ABA3533691F8BC326FEDF274B1898DF">Al-Shehbaz, Ihsan A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="9BBFEAF09F9DDA74661E1E5E6DDC2DA1">Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="21EAF4DD7851564236D8FD4B90F08A87">Cano, Asunción</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4A23800A64C01B02BC78A85332528A1F">Laboratorio de Florística, Departamento de Dicotiledóneas, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Av. Arenales 1256, Lima 11, Peru;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="513736BC354B4B7E1F534A0DDC2835DA">Manchego, Marco Antonio Cueva</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="0E9BF9F87BDF750DD98390B9F4311028">Instituto de Investigación de Ciencias Biológicas Antonio Raimondi (ICBAR), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, (UNMSM), Calle Germán Amezaga 375, Lima 1, Peru.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="247435C4A61E4ACB9AABE50BC5A751D9">Salariato, Diego L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="CBAEAAEE255ADEB248AB12FC9E4EFF82">Instituto de Botánica Darwinion (CONICET-ANCEFN), Labardén 200, Casilla de Correo 22, B 1642 HYD, San Isidro, Buenos Aires, Argentina.</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="59BB4D625D41FFA792C4FAB0FC68FAB8" ID-CoL="8GMNL" authority="Al-Shehbaz, A. Cano, M. Cueva &amp; Salariato" authorityName="Al-Shehbaz, A. Cano, M. Cueva &amp; Salariato" authorityYear="2018" box="[136,952,1352,1379]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Machaerophorus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="2" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arequipa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D41FFA792C4FAB0FE6DFAB8" bold="true" box="[136,445,1352,1379]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="116">Machaerophorus arequipa</emphasis>
Al-Shehbaz, A. Cano, M. Cueva &amp; Salariato
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, 
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Diagnosis:— 
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<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D41FFA7934BFA89FDDAFA5D" box="[263,522,1393,1414]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="116">Macharophorous arequipa</emphasis>
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is readily distinguished from the other two species of the genus by having white flowers and terete, torulose fruit.
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<materialsCitation id="2ED33CBC5D41FFA792C4FA41FDE7F9CD" collectingDate="2012-08-29" collectionCode="M, C, HUSA, SI" country="Peru" elevation="2428" latitude="-16.49899" location="Arequipa" longLatPrecision="14" longitude="-71.6325" pageId="2" pageNumber="116" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Arequipa" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D41FFA792C4FA41FF6AFA15" bold="true" box="[136,186,1465,1486]" pageId="2" pageNumber="116">Type</emphasis>
:— 
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. 
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<collectingRegion id="5C7FF8035D41FFA7936FFA41FE58FA15" box="[291,392,1465,1486]" country="Peru" name="Arequipa" pageId="2" pageNumber="116">Arequipa</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
Prov. 
<taxonomicName id="59BB4D625D41FFA79386FA41FBB4FA15" authority=", Dist. Uchumayo, Quebrada Tinajones-Cerro Verde Ladera" authorityName="Dist. Uchumayo, Quebrada Tinajones-Cerro Verde Ladera" box="[458,1124,1465,1486]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Macharophorous" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="2" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arequipa">Arequipa, Dist. Uchumayo, Quebrada Tinajones-Cerro Verde Ladera</taxonomicName>
rocosa suelo arenoso entre rocas, 
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16°29 
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56.36 
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D41FFA7937EFA25FEEBFA29" bold="true" box="[306,315,1501,1522]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="116">ʺ</emphasis>
S
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, 
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71°37 
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57 
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D41FFA793E7FA25FE64FA29" bold="true" box="[427,436,1501,1522]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="116">ʺ</emphasis>
W
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, 
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, 
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, 
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. Cueva &amp; 
<collectionCode id="F8AAAE245D41FFA7910AFA25FC89FA29" box="[838,857,1501,1522]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="2" pageNumber="116" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
. Dávalos 
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. 1925
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(
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USM-302012!; 
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<collectionCode id="F8AAAE245D41FFA79710FA25FA75FA29" box="[1372,1445,1501,1522]" country="Peru" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14917" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14917" name="Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa" pageId="2" pageNumber="116" type="Herbarium">HUSA</collectionCode>
!, MO-6701111!, 
<collectionCode id="F8AAAE245D41FFA7931DF9F9FEBCF9CD" box="[337,364,1537,1558]" country="Argentina" name="Museo Botánico (SI)" pageId="2" pageNumber="116" type="Herbarium">SI</collectionCode>
!). 
<figureCitation id="06802A645D41FFA793CFF9F9FE0DF9CD" box="[387,477,1537,1558]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1943,1964]" captionTargetBox="[215,1385,202,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-15@3.[189,1398,184,1918]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Machaerophorus arequipa. A. Plants. B. Flower. C. Fruit and fruiting pedicel. Drawn by Al-Shehbaz from paratype (MO 6701113)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13703824" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13703824/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="116">Figures 1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="06802A645D41FFA793A5F9F9FE27F9CD" box="[489,503,1537,1558]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[136,229,922,943]" captionTargetBox="[322,1265,189,885]" captionTargetId="figure-14@4.[322,1265,187,894]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Machaerophorus arequipa. A. Plants. B. Older stem and leaves. C. Young stem and leaves showon indumentum. D. Flower top view. E. Flower lateral view. F. Portion of infructescence. Photos by M. Cueva." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13703828" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13703828/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="116">2</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="06802A645D41FFA7904DF9F9FDCFF9CD" box="[513,543,1537,1558]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[136,229,1769,1790]" captionTargetBox="[332,1284,501,1731]" captionTargetId="figure-146@7.[224,1363,491,1743]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Fruit of Machaerophorus. A. M. mathioloides. B. M. laticarpus. C. M. arequipa. Drawn by Al-Shehbaz. A from isotype (P 00730030), B from isotype (MO 6832092), C from paratype (MO 6701113)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13703836" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13703836/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="116">5C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="06802A645D41FFA79065F9F9FDE7F9CD" box="[553,567,1537,1558]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[136,245,1669,1694]" captionTargetBox="[143,1438,813,1619]" captionTargetId="figure-257@8.[138,1449,782,1643]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Distribution map of Machaerophorus arequipa (circle) and M. laticarpus (triangle)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13703838" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13703838/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="116">6</figureCitation>
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.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D41FFA792C4F9B8FECCF982" bold="true" box="[136,284,1600,1625]" pageId="2" pageNumber="116">Description:</emphasis>
—Herbs suffrutescent perennials or subshrubs, not glaucous, somewhat canescent, floccose-arachnoid on young parts, puberulent to glabrescent with age. Stems woody on lowermost branches, those of current-year growth herbaceous, 
<quantity id="59439B045D41FFA79354F970FE5AF97A" box="[280,394,1672,1697]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" metricValueMax="6.2" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="116" unit="cm" value="51.0" valueMax="62.0" valueMin="40.0">40–62 cm</quantity>
tall, erect to ascending, branched, usually densely floccose at and above nodes, becoming puberulent and eventually glabrescent on older parts. Cauline leaves 
<quantity id="59439B045D41FFA791DCF954FC33F91E" box="[912,995,1708,1733]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="116" unit="cm" value="5.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="4.0">4–7 cm</quantity>
long, adaxially grooved; petiole 
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long, floccose at least adaxially within groove, usually sparsely puberulent abaxially; lateral leaf lobes 3–6 on each side, 
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× 
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, entire, gradually reduced in length upwards; terminal leaf lobe about as long as or shorter than lateral lobes. Racemes 10–40-flowered; rachis puberulent; lower and middle fruiting pedicels divaricate-ascending, 
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long, straight or slightly incurved, sometimes secund, usually moderately puberulent at axils, sparsely so elsewhere. Sepals 
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long, puberulent, green and with whitish margin; petals white to creamy white, greenish white abaxially, 
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long; blade oblong to ovate, 5–8 × 
<quantity id="59439B045D41FFA79659F87CFB5BF846" box="[1045,1163,1924,1949]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="2.75" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3 mm</quantity>
, obtuse; claw 
<quantity id="59439B045D41FFA7977DF87CFA7CF846" box="[1329,1452,1924,1949]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="15.0" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="14.0">14–16 mm</quantity>
long; filaments white, 
<quantity id="59439B045D41FFA793CAF850FE2FF81A" box="[390,511,1960,1985]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="12.0" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="10.0">10–14 mm</quantity>
long; anthers 
<quantity id="59439B045D41FFA790ECF850FCC2F81A" box="[672,786,1960,1985]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="3.75" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.5">3.5–4 mm</quantity>
long; ovules 38–50 per ovary. Fruit linear, cylindrical, 
<quantity id="59439B045D41FFA797CEF850FF7AF83E" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="116" unit="cm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 cm</quantity>
× 
<quantity id="59439B045D41FFA79284F834FEECF83E" box="[200,316,1996,2021]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2 mm</quantity>
, torulose, terete, straight or slightly curved, attenuate to style, sessile or on a minute gynophore to 
<quantity id="59439B045D41FFA797C5F834FF64F7D2" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
long; valves glabrous or sparsely puberulent; style 
<quantity id="59439B045D41FFA790B1F808FCA0F7D2" box="[765,880,2032,2057]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.0">1–2.5 mm</quantity>
long. Seeds uniseriate, brown, ovate, compressed, margined, 1.2–1.3 × 
<quantity id="59439B045D41FFA7933DF7ECFE2BF7F6" box="[369,507,2068,2093]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="0.8" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.7">0.7–0.9 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="CAC466695D40FFA692C4F86FFF39F80B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13703824" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13703824" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13703824/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="117" startId="3.[136,229,1943,1964]" targetBox="[215,1385,202,1861]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="9E0436E15D40FFA692C4F86FFF39F80B" blockId="3.[136,1451,1943,2000]" pageId="3" pageNumber="117">
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D40FFA692C4F86FFF2FF877" bold="true" box="[136,255,1943,1964]" pageId="3" pageNumber="117">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="59BB4D625D40FFA6934BF86FFDD8F877" authorityName="Al-Shehbaz, A. Cano, M. Cueva &amp; Salariato" authorityYear="2018" box="[263,520,1943,1964]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Machaerophorus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="3" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arequipa">
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D40FFA6934BF86FFDD8F877" box="[263,520,1943,1964]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="117">Machaerophorus arequipa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D40FFA6905AF86FFDFDF877" bold="true" box="[534,557,1943,1964]" pageId="3" pageNumber="117">A.</emphasis>
Plants. 
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D40FFA69031F86FFD43F877" bold="true" box="[637,659,1943,1964]" pageId="3" pageNumber="117">B.</emphasis>
Flower. 
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D40FFA690A7F86FFCD2F877" bold="true" box="[747,770,1943,1964]" pageId="3" pageNumber="117">C.</emphasis>
Fruit and fruiting pedicel. Drawn by Al-Shehbaz from paratype (MO 6701113).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="CAC466695D47FFA192C4FC62FC78FC08" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13703828" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13703828" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13703828/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" startId="4.[136,229,922,943]" targetBox="[322,1265,189,885]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="9E0436E15D47FFA192C4FC62FC78FC08" blockId="4.[136,1451,922,979]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA192C4FC62FF2EFC74" bold="true" box="[136,254,922,943]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="59BB4D625D47FFA19348FC62FDD5FC74" authorityName="Al-Shehbaz, A. Cano, M. Cueva &amp; Salariato" authorityYear="2018" box="[260,517,922,943]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Machaerophorus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arequipa">
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA19348FC62FDD5FC74" box="[260,517,922,943]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">Machaerophorus arequipa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA1905DFC62FDF8FC74" bold="true" box="[529,552,922,943]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">A.</emphasis>
Plants. 
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA19039FC62FD5BFC74" bold="true" box="[629,651,922,943]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">B.</emphasis>
Older stem and leaves. 
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA1913FFC62FC5AFC74" bold="true" box="[883,906,922,943]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">C.</emphasis>
Young stem and leaves showon indumentum. 
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA19706FC62FAB1FC74" bold="true" box="[1354,1377,922,943]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">D.</emphasis>
Flower top view. 
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA192AAFC46FF2CFC08" bold="true" box="[230,252,958,979]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">E.</emphasis>
Flower lateral view. 
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA1938BFC46FE09FC08" bold="true" box="[455,473,958,979]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">F.</emphasis>
Portion of infructescence. Photos by M. Cueva.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="D6A1656A5D47FFA192F1FBFCFC5AFBC6" box="[189,906,1028,1053]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="9E0436E15D47FFA192F1FBFCFC5AFBC6" blockId="4.[136,1454,1028,1737]" box="[189,906,1028,1053]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA192F1FBFCFE89FBC6" bold="true" box="[189,345,1028,1053]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">Distribution:</emphasis>
—Endemic to the Peruvian Department 
<collectingRegion id="5C7FF8035D47FFA19156FBFCFC56FBC6" box="[794,902,1028,1053]" country="Peru" name="Arequipa" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">Arequipa</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D6A1656A5D47FFA192F1FBD0FD4FF986" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="9E0436E15D47FFA192F1FBD0FD6DFB52" blockId="4.[136,1454,1028,1737]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA192F1FBD0FE98FB9A" bold="true" box="[189,328,1064,1089]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">Etymology:</emphasis>
—The species epithet 
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA19076FBD0FD75FB9A" box="[570,677,1064,1089]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">
<taxonomicName id="59BB4D625D47FFA19076FBD0FD71FB9A" authorityName="Al-Shehbaz, A. Cano, M. Cueva &amp; Salariato" authorityYear="2018" box="[570,673,1064,1089]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Machaerophorus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arequipa">arequipa</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
which is named after the Peruvian department 
<collectingRegion id="5C7FF8035D47FFA196ECFBD0FADBFB9A" box="[1184,1291,1064,1089]" country="Peru" name="Arequipa" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">Arequipa</collectingRegion>
, is a noun used in apposition and, therefore, should be maintained according to Article 23.5 of the International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi and Plants (
<bibRefCitation id="FA2A4B105D47FFA19386FB88FD61FB52" author="McNeill, J. &amp; Barrie, F. R. &amp; Buck, W. R. &amp; Demoulin, V. &amp; Greuter, W. &amp; Hawsworth, D. L. &amp; Herendeen, P. S. &amp; Knapp, S. &amp; Marhold, K. &amp; Prado, J. &amp; Reine, W. F. &amp; Smith, G. F. &amp; Wiersema, J. H. &amp; Turland, N. J." box="[458,689,1136,1161]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" refId="ref5710" refString="McNeill, J., Barrie, F. R., Buck, W. R., Demoulin, V., Greuter, W., Hawsworth, D. L., Herendeen, P. S., Knapp, S., Marhold, K., Prado, J., Prud'homme var Reine, W. F., Smith, G. F., Wiersema, J. H. &amp; Turland, N. J. (Eds.) (2012) International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Melbourne Code): Adopted by the Eighteenth International Botanical Congress Melbourne, Australia, July 2011. Regnum Vegetabile 154. Koeltz Scientific Books." type="book" year="2012">McNeill et al., 2012</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9E0436E15D47FFA192F1FB6CFB31FAC2" blockId="4.[136,1454,1028,1737]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">
<materialsCitation id="2ED33CBC5D47FFA192F1FB6CFC13FB2E" collectingDate="2012-08-10" collectionCode="M, C, USM" country="Peru" elevation="2441" latitude="-16.499828" location="Suelo" longLatPrecision="14" longitude="-71.63111" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Arequipa">
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA192F1FB6CFD00FB76" bold="true" box="[189,720,1172,1197]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">
<typeStatus id="410088435D47FFA192F1FB6CFDE7FB76" box="[189,567,1172,1197]" isOtherTypeStatus="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">Additional specimens examined</typeStatus>
(
<typeStatus id="410088435D47FFA1900AFB6CFD13FB76" box="[582,707,1172,1197]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
):
</emphasis>
— 
<collectingCountry id="E6AC76715D47FFA190A2FB6CFCE8FB76" box="[750,824,1172,1197]" name="Peru" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">PERU</collectingCountry>
. 
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA1910EFB6CFC6CFB76" bold="true" box="[834,956,1172,1197]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">
<collectingRegion id="5C7FF8035D47FFA1910EFB6CFC67FB76" box="[834,951,1172,1197]" country="Peru" name="Arequipa" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">Arequipa</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
Prov. 
<taxonomicName id="59BB4D625D47FFA1964FFB6CFE08FB0A" authority=", Dist. Uchumayo, Quebrada Tinajones-Cerro Verde Ladera" authorityName="Dist. Uchumayo, Quebrada Tinajones-Cerro Verde Ladera" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Machaerophorus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arequipa">Arequipa, Dist. Uchumayo, Quebrada Tinajones-Cerro Verde Ladera</taxonomicName>
rocosa 
<location id="9B64603A5D47FFA19060FB40FDBCFB0A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:161287F75D41FFA192C4FAB0FF10F912:9B64603A5D47FFA19060FB40FDBCFB0A" box="[556,620,1208,1233]" country="Peru" latitude="-16.499828" longLatPrecision="14" longitude="-71.63111" name="Suelo" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" stateProvince="Arequipa">Suelo</location>
arenoso entre rocas, 
<geoCoordinate id="FB8F50265D47FFA19118FB40FC27FB0A" box="[852,1015,1208,1233]" degrees="16" direction="south" minutes="29" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" precision="1" seconds="59.38" value="-16.499828">
16°29 
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA191DBFB40FC4DFB0A" bold="true" box="[919,925,1208,1233]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">ʹ</emphasis>
59.38 
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA19190FB40FC36FB0A" bold="true" box="[988,998,1208,1233]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">ʺ</emphasis>
S
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="FB8F50265D47FFA1964EFB40FB5DFB0A" box="[1026,1165,1208,1233]" degrees="71" direction="west" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" precision="15" seconds="52" value="-71.63111">
71°37 
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA19609FB40FB9BFB0A" bold="true" box="[1093,1099,1208,1233]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">ʹ</emphasis>
52 
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA1962BFB40FBA1FB0A" bold="true" box="[1127,1137,1208,1233]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">ʺ</emphasis>
W
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="59439B045D47FFA196DAFB40FB3CFB0A" box="[1174,1260,1208,1233]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.441" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" unit="m" value="2441.0">
<elevation id="1596D1D25D47FFA196DAFB40FB3CFB0A" box="[1174,1260,1208,1233]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.441" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" unit="m" value="2441.0">2441 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="EA0510215D47FFA196BAFB40FA77FB0A" box="[1270,1447,1208,1233]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" value="2012-08-10">
<collectingDate id="FA41E9C95D47FFA196BAFB40FA77FB0A" box="[1270,1447,1208,1233]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" value="2012-08-10">10 August 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA192C4FB24FDDEFB2E" box="[136,526,1244,1269]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">
<collectionCode id="F8AAAE245D47FFA192C4FB24FF73FB2E" box="[136,163,1244,1269]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
. Cueva &amp; 
<collectionCode id="F8AAAE245D47FFA1936EFB24FEE8FB2E" box="[290,312,1244,1269]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
. Dávalos 
<collectionCode id="F8AAAE245D47FFA193E1FB24FE18FB2E" box="[429,456,1244,1269]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
. 1918
</emphasis>
(MO-6701113, MO-6701114!, 
<collectionCode id="F8AAAE245D47FFA19135FB24FC6AFB2E" box="[889,954,1244,1269]" country="Malaysia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/11pi-mg53" name="Universiti Sains Malaysia" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">USM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="2ED33CBC5D47FFA1919DFB24FB0DFAC2" collectingDate="2013-02-11" collectionCode="M, C, L, USM" country="Peru" elevation="2407" latitude="-16.49589" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-71.63285" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Arequipa">
same area, 
<geoCoordinate id="FB8F50265D47FFA19619FB24FB3AFB2E" box="[1109,1258,1244,1269]" degrees="16" direction="south" minutes="29" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" precision="1" seconds="45.2" value="-16.49589">
16°29 
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA196D4FB24FB4EFB2E" bold="true" box="[1176,1182,1244,1269]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">ʹ</emphasis>
45.2 
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA19683FB24FB09FB2E" bold="true" box="[1231,1241,1244,1269]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">ʺ</emphasis>
S
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="FB8F50265D47FFA196B6FB24FA79FB2E" box="[1274,1449,1244,1269]" degrees="71" direction="west" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" precision="1" seconds="58.26" value="-71.63285">
71°37 
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA19771FB24FA93FB2E" bold="true" box="[1341,1347,1244,1269]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">ʹ</emphasis>
58.26 
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA197CEFB24FA5CFB2E" bold="true" box="[1410,1420,1244,1269]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">ʺ</emphasis>
W
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="59439B045D47FFA192C4FAF8FF0FFAC2" box="[136,223,1280,1305]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.407" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" unit="m" value="2407.0">
<elevation id="1596D1D25D47FFA192C4FAF8FF0FFAC2" box="[136,223,1280,1305]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.407" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" unit="m" value="2407.0">2407 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="EA0510215D47FFA192A7FAF8FE64FAC2" box="[235,436,1280,1305]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" value="2013-02-11">
<collectingDate id="FA41E9C95D47FFA192A7FAF8FE64FAC2" box="[235,436,1280,1305]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" value="2013-02-11">11 February 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA193F3FAF8FC0FFAC2" box="[447,991,1280,1305]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">
<collectionCode id="F8AAAE245D47FFA193F3FAF8FE0AFAC2" box="[447,474,1280,1305]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
. Cueva, 
<collectionCode id="F8AAAE245D47FFA19076FAF8FD80FAC2" box="[570,592,1280,1305]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
. Dávalos 
<collectionCode id="F8AAAE245D47FFA190F3FAF8FD0AFAC2" box="[703,730,1280,1305]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
. &amp; 
<collectionCode id="F8AAAE245D47FFA1914DFAF8FCC4FAC2" box="[769,788,1280,1305]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
. Mosaurieta 1933
</emphasis>
(MO-6701112, 
<collectionCode id="F8AAAE245D47FFA196DFFAF8FB05FAC2" box="[1171,1237,1280,1305]" country="Malaysia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/11pi-mg53" name="Universiti Sains Malaysia" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">USM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9E0436E15D47FFA192F1FADCFD4FF986" blockId="4.[136,1454,1028,1737]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA192F1FADCFEF3FAE6" bold="true" box="[189,291,1316,1341]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">Habitat:</emphasis>
— 
<taxonomicName id="59BB4D625D47FFA19304FADCFDA6FAE6" box="[328,630,1316,1341]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Machaerophours" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arequipa">
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA19304FADCFDA6FAE6" box="[328,630,1316,1341]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">Machaerophours arequipa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
grows in arid zones with sparse desert scrub and is restricted to shady habitats in valley bottoms and rocky or rocky-sandy slopes at about 
<quantity id="59439B045D47FFA191D1FAB0FC28FABA" box="[925,1016,1352,1377]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" unit="m" value="2400.0">2400 m</quantity>
. The main vegetation components are 
<taxonomicName id="59BB4D625D47FFA192C4FA94FC8CFA5E" authority="Humb. &amp; Bonpl. ex Willdenow (1806: 860)" authorityName="Willdenow" authorityPageNumber="860" authorityYear="1806" box="[136,860,1388,1413]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Ephedra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="americana">
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA192C4FA94FEB8FA5E" box="[136,360,1388,1413]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">Ephedra americana</emphasis>
Humb. &amp; Bonpl. ex 
<bibRefCitation id="FA2A4B105D47FFA19018FA94FC8CFA5E" author="Willdenow" box="[596,860,1388,1413]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" refId="ref6858" refString="Willdenow, (1806) Caroli a Linne Species plantarum exhibente plantas rite cognitas ad genera relatas cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus synonymis selectis, locis natalibus secundum systema sexuale digestas. Ed. 4, Vol. 4 (2). G. C. Nauk, Berlin, pp. [631] - 1157." type="book" year="1806">Willdenow (1806: 860)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="59BB4D625D47FFA19124FA94FB2FFA5E" authority="Rusby (1912: 133)" authorityName="Rusby" authorityPageNumber="133" authorityYear="1912" box="[872,1279,1388,1413]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Senecio" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="yurensis">
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA19124FA94FBF3FA5E" box="[872,1059,1388,1413]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">Senecio yurensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FA2A4B105D47FFA19666FA94FB2FFA5E" author="Rusby, H. H." box="[1066,1279,1388,1413]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" pagination="89 - 135" refId="ref6225" refString="Rusby, H. H. (1912) New species from Bolivia, collected by R. S. Williams - II. Bulletin of the New York Botanical Garden 8: 89 - 135." type="journal article" year="1912">Rusby (1912: 133)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="59BB4D625D47FFA19747FA94FCE0FA72" authority="(Foerster 1861: 167) E. F. Anderson (1999: 324)" authorityName="E. F. Anderson" authorityPageNumber="324" authorityYear="1999" baseAuthorityName="Foerster" baseAuthorityPageNumber="167" baseAuthorityYear="1861" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Cumulopuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sphaerica">
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA19747FA94FF26FA72" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">Cumulopuntia sphaerica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FA2A4B105D47FFA19344FA68FE36FA72" author="Foerster, C. F." box="[264,486,1424,1449]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" pagination="159 - 167" refId="ref5341" refString="Foerster, C. F. (1861) New Cacteen. Hamburger Garten- und Blumenzeitung 17: 159 - 167." type="journal article" year="1861">Foerster 1861: 167</bibRefCitation>
) E.F. 
<bibRefCitation id="FA2A4B105D47FFA19063FA68FCE0FA72" author="Anderson, E. F." box="[559,816,1424,1449]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" pagination="324 - 325" refId="ref4929" refString="Anderson, E. F. (1999) Nomenclatural changes in the Cactaceae, subfamily Opuntioideae. Cactus and succulent Journal (U. S.) 71 (6): 324 - 325." type="journal article" year="1999">Anderson (1999: 324)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="59BB4D625D47FFA19173FA68FEDFFA16" authority="(Rusby 1920: 107) A. T. Richardson (1976: 236)" authorityName="A. T. Richardson" authorityPageNumber="236" authorityYear="1976" baseAuthorityName="Rusby" baseAuthorityPageNumber="107" baseAuthorityYear="1920" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ehretiaceae" genus="Tiquilia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="elongata">
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA19173FA68FBD3FA72" box="[831,1027,1424,1449]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">Tiquilia elongata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FA2A4B105D47FFA19659FA68FB0EFA72" author="Rusby, H. H." box="[1045,1246,1424,1449]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" refId="ref6262" refString="Rusby, H. H. (1920) Descriptions of three hundred new species of South American plants; with an index to previously published South American species by the same author. Published by the author, New York, 170 pp." type="book" year="1920">Rusby 1920: 107</bibRefCitation>
) A.T. 
<bibRefCitation id="FA2A4B105D47FFA19760FA68FEDFFA16" author="Richardson, A. T." pageId="4" pageNumber="118" pagination="235 - 240" refId="ref6125" refString="Richardson, A. T. (1976) Reinstatement of the genus Tiquilia (Boraginaceae: Ehretioideae) and description of four new species. Sida 6: 235 - 240." type="journal article" year="1976">Richardson (1976: 236)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="59BB4D625D47FFA19357FA4CFD32FA16" authority="Meyen &amp; Walp." authorityName="Meyen &amp; Walp." box="[283,738,1460,1485]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Ambrosia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="artemisioides">
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA19357FA4CFDF6FA16" box="[283,550,1460,1485]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">Ambrosia artemisioides</emphasis>
Meyen &amp; Walp.
</taxonomicName>
in 
<bibRefCitation id="FA2A4B105D47FFA1914BFA4CFC33FA16" author="Meyen, F. J. F." box="[775,995,1460,1485]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" pagination="1 - 512" refId="ref5894" refString="Meyen, F. J. F. (1843) Observationes botanicas, in itinere circum terram institutas. Opus posthumum sociorum Academiae curis suppletem. Novorum Actorum Academiae Caesareae Leopoldinae-Carolinae Naturae Curiosorum 19 (Suppl. 1): 1 - 512." type="journal article" year="1843">Meyen (1843: 268)</bibRefCitation>
, and columnar cacti such as 
<taxonomicName id="59BB4D625D47FFA19764FA4CFCC5FA2A" authority="(Meyen 1834: 447) Britton &amp; Rose (1920: 63)" authorityName="Britton &amp; Rose" authorityPageNumber="63" authorityYear="1920" baseAuthorityName="Meyen" baseAuthorityPageNumber="447" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Browningia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="candelaris">
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA19764FA4CFF2EFA2A" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">Browningia candelaris</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FA2A4B105D47FFA19342FA20FE09FA2A" author="Meyen, F. J. F." box="[270,473,1496,1521]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" refId="ref5842" refString="Meyen, F. J. F. (1834) Reise um die Erde ausgefuhrt auf dem […] Seehandlungs-Schiffe Prinzess Louise, commandirt von Capitain W. Wendt in […] 1830, 1831 und 1832, &amp; c. Vols. 1 and 2. Berlin." type="journal volume" year="1834">Meyen 1834: 447</bibRefCitation>
) 
<bibRefCitation id="FA2A4B105D47FFA193A4FA20FCC5FA2A" author="Britton &amp; Rose" box="[488,789,1496,1521]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" refId="ref5109" refString="Britton &amp; Rose (1920) The Cactaceae: descriptions and illustrations of plants of the cactus family. Vol. 2. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, 239 pp." type="book" year="1920">Britton &amp; Rose (1920: 63)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="59BB4D625D47FFA1916DFA20FF20F9CE" authority="(Meyen 1834: 41) Backeberg (1937: 1)" authorityName="Backeberg" authorityPageNumber="1" authorityYear="1937" baseAuthorityName="Meyen" baseAuthorityPageNumber="41" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Neoraimondia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arequipensis">
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA1916DFA20FB89FA2A" box="[801,1113,1496,1521]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">Neoraimondia arequipensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FA2A4B105D47FFA19624FA20FAF4FA2A" author="Meyen, F. J. F." box="[1128,1316,1496,1521]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" refId="ref5842" refString="Meyen, F. J. F. (1834) Reise um die Erde ausgefuhrt auf dem […] Seehandlungs-Schiffe Prinzess Louise, commandirt von Capitain W. Wendt in […] 1830, 1831 und 1832, &amp; c. Vols. 1 and 2. Berlin." type="journal volume" year="1834">Meyen 1834: 41</bibRefCitation>
) 
<bibRefCitation id="FA2A4B105D47FFA19778FA20FF20F9CE" author="Backeberg, C." pageId="4" pageNumber="118" pagination="1 - 2" refId="ref5039" refString="Backeberg, C. (1937) Browningia Br. &amp; R. (1920). Blatter fur Kakteenforschung 9: 1 - 2." type="journal article" year="1937">Backeberg (1937: 1)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="59BB4D625D47FFA19361FA04FADFF9CE" authority="(K. Schum. ex Vaupel 1913: 22) Backeberg (1956: 27)" authorityName="Backeberg" authorityPageNumber="27" authorityYear="1956" baseAuthorityName="Vaupel" baseAuthorityPageNumber="22" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[301,1295,1532,1557]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Weberbauerocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="weberbaueri">
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA19361FA04FD70F9CE" box="[301,672,1532,1557]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">Weberbauerocereus weberbaueri</emphasis>
(K. Schum. ex 
<bibRefCitation id="FA2A4B105D47FFA19103FA04FBD8F9CE" author="Vaupel, F. K. J." box="[847,1032,1532,1557]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" pagination="12 - 31" refId="ref6622" refString="Vaupel, F. K. J. (1913) Cactaceae Andinae. Botanische Jahrbucher fur Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 50 (2 - 3, Beibl. 111): 12 - 31." type="journal article" year="1913">Vaupel 1913: 22</bibRefCitation>
) 
<bibRefCitation id="FA2A4B105D47FFA1965BFA04FADFF9CE" author="Backeberg, C." box="[1047,1295,1532,1557]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" refId="ref5090" refString="Backeberg, C. (1956) Descriptiones Cactacearum novarum. Gustav Fischer, Jena. 36 pp." type="book" year="1956">Backeberg (1956: 27)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. According to 
<bibRefCitation id="FA2A4B105D47FFA192C4F9D8FEE2F9E2" author="Zamora, C." box="[136,306,1568,1593]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" refId="ref6918" refString="Zamora, C. (1996) Mapa de la Ecorregiones. In: Rodriguez, L. (Ed) Diversidad Biologica del Peru. INRENA-GTZ." type="book" year="1996">Zamora (1996)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="FA2A4B105D47FFA19320F9D8FDE4F9E2" author="Leon, B. &amp; Roque, J. &amp; Ulloa, C. &amp; Jorgensen, P. M. &amp; Pitman, N. &amp; Cano, A." box="[364,564,1568,1593]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" refId="ref5649" refString="Leon, B., Roque, J., Ulloa, C., Jorgensen, P. M., Pitman, N. &amp; Cano, A. (2006) Libro Rojo de las Plantas endemicas del Peru. 2006. Revista peruana de biologia [Edicion Especial] 13 (2): 948 pp." type="book" year="2006">
Leon 
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA193E2F9D8FE31F9E2" box="[430,481,1568,1593]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">et al</emphasis>
(2006)
</bibRefCitation>
the habitat of this species corresponds to Desert Scrub Region of the western slopes of the Andes, between 1000 and 
<quantity id="59439B045D47FFA1900FF9BCFD4BF986" box="[579,667,1604,1629]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" unit="m" value="2500.0">2500 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D6A1656A5D47FFA192F1F990FF10F912" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="9E0436E15D47FFA192F1F990FF10F912" blockId="4.[136,1454,1028,1737]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA192F1F990FE95F95A" bold="true" box="[189,325,1640,1665]" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">Discussion:</emphasis>
—Unlike the following two species, 
<taxonomicName id="59BB4D625D47FFA190AEF990FBDDF95A" box="[738,1037,1640,1665]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Machaerophorus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="4" pageNumber="118" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arequipa">
<emphasis id="ACCFEAF35D47FFA190AEF990FBDDF95A" box="[738,1037,1640,1665]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="118">Machaerophorus arequipa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not seem to be closely allied to either of them. It drastically differs from its congeners by having white flowers, uniseriate seeds, and terete, torulose fruit.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>