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<mods:title id="75D8CC636F8A15FBCC15B74AE5B57ACC">Systematics Of The “ Giant ” Ricinulei (Ricinoididae: Ricinoides) Of West Africa, With Descriptions Of Five New Species And Comparative Morphology Of The Male Copulatory Apparatus</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C5A38DDFFB67944FCCC22EFC951FC31" ID-CoL="4T24H" authority="(Hansen, 1921)" baseAuthorityName="Hansen" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[806,1139,975,999]" class="Arachnida" family="Ricinoididae" genus="Ricinoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ricinulei" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feae">
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(Hansen, 1921)
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<figureCitation id="13615FDBFFB67944FD3D2533CE1EFBFD" box="[727,828,1043,1067]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[132,218,1430,1451]" captionTargetBox="[205,1164,248,1401]" captionTargetId="figure-130@4.[202,1166,248,1401]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. “Giant” ricinuleid, Ricinoides feae (Hansen, 1921), paralectotype ♂ (MSNG), Rio Cacine, Guinea- Bissau, habitus, dorsal aspect. Scale bar = 1 mm. Photograph courtesy Elena Babicz." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Figures 1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13615FDBFFB67944FCA02533CE49FBFD" box="[842,875,1043,1067]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[133,219,1218,1239]" captionTargetBox="[132,1236,248,1189]" captionTargetId="figure-144@7.[132,1236,248,1189]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ricinoides Ewing, 1929, selected structures characteristic of “giant” Ricinulei. A. Ricinoides westermannii (Guérin-Méneville, 1838), neotype ♂ (ZMB 7013), leg IV femur, dorsal aspect. B. Ricinoides kakum, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (MRAC 217.183), leg I metatarsus and tarsus, prolateral aspect. C. Ricinoides feae (Hansen, 1921), lectotype ♂ (MSNG), leg II metatarsus, prolateral aspect. D, E. Ricinoides nzerekorensis, sp. nov., D. paratype ♂ (MRAC 209.286), leg III distal tarsomeres, dorsal aspect, E. paratype ♀ (MRAC 209.267), distended opisthosoma, lateral aspect. F. Ricinoides kakum, holotype ♂ (MRAC 217.183), posterior end of opisthosoma, pygidium. Scale bars = 0.5 mm (A, B, C, F), 0.25 mm (D), 1 mm (E)." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">4C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13615FDBFFB67944FC9C2533CEA6FBFD" box="[886,900,1043,1067]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[132,218,1052,1073]" captionTargetBox="[134,1235,255,1020]" captionTargetId="figure-200@12.[132,1236,248,1026]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Map of West Africa, plotting known locality records of species of “giant” Ricinulei (Ricinoides Ewing, 1929), based on material examined and verified identifications: Ricinoides afzelii (Thorell, 1892) (square); Ricinoides atewa Naskrecki, 2008 (circle); Ricinoides eburneus, sp. nov. (triangle); Ricinoides feae (Hansen, 1921) (inverted triangle); Ricinoides iita, sp. nov. (diamond); Ricinoides kakum, sp. nov. (×); Ricinoides nzerekorensis, sp. nov. (pentagon); Ricinoides taii, sp. nov. (star); Ricinoides westermannii (Guérin-Méneville, 1838) (+); Ricinoides sp. (asterisk)." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">5</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13615FDBFFB67944FC7B2533CE91FBFD" box="[913,947,1043,1067]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[132,218,1558,1579]" captionTargetBox="[131,1235,248,1532]" captionTargetId="figure-9@13.[131,1235,248,1532]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. Ricinoides Ewing, 1929, carapace, dorsal aspect. A. Ricinoides afzelii (Thorell, 1892), ♂ (BMNH 13588948). B. Ricinoides atewa Naskrecki, 2008, holotype ♂ (AMNH IZC 324855). C. Ricinoides eburneus, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (MRAC 230.162). D. Ricinoides feae (Hansen, 1921), lectotype ♂ (MSNG). E. Ricinoides iita, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (USNM). F. Ricinoides kakum, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (MRAC 217.183). Scale bars = 1 mm." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">6D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13615FDBFFB67944FC552533CEFDFBFD" box="[959,991,1043,1067]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="14.[132,218,1561,1582]" captionTargetBox="[132,1236,247,1530]" captionTargetId="figure-84@14.[132,1236,247,1532]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 7. Ricinoides Ewing, 1929, carapace, dorsal aspect. A. Ricinoides afzelii (Thorell, 1892), ♀ (BMNH 13588949). B. Ricinoides atewa Naskrecki, 2008, ♀ (AMNH IZC 324883). C. Ricinoides feae (Hansen, 1921), paralectotype ♀ (MSNG), Rio Cacine, Guinea-Bissau. D. Ricinoides kakum, sp. nov., paratype ♀ (MRAC 217.183). E. Ricinoides nzerekorensis, sp. nov., paratype ♀ (MRAC 209.267). F. Ricinoides taii, sp. nov., paratype ♀ (MRAC 233.482). Scale bars = 1 mm." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">7C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13615FDBFFB67944FC012533C92CFBFD" box="[1003,1038,1043,1067]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[131,217,1540,1561]" captionTargetBox="[132,1236,248,1512]" captionTargetId="figure-9@19.[132,1236,248,1513]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 9. Ricinoides Ewing, 1929, cucullus, anterior aspect. A. Ricinoides afzelii (Thorell, 1892), ♂ (BMNH 13588948). B. Ricinoides atewa Naskrecki, 2008, holotype ♂ (AMNH IZC 324855). C. Ricinoides eburneus, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (MRAC 230.162). D. Ricinoides feae (Hansen, 1921), lectotype ♂ (MSNG). E. Ricinoides iita, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (USNM). F. Ricinoides kakum, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (MRAC 217.183). G. Ricinoides nzerekorensis, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (MRAC 209.266). H. Ricinoides taii, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (MRAC 233.458). Scale bars = 0.5 mm." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">9D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13615FDBFFB67944FBF32533C96AFBFD" box="[1049,1096,1043,1067]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="21.[131,217,1557,1578]" captionTargetBox="[131,1235,248,1531]" captionTargetId="figure-9@21.[131,1235,248,1531]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 11. Ricinoides Ewing, 1929, coxosternal region, ventral aspect. A. Ricinoides afzelii (Thorell, 1892), ♂ (BMNH 13588948). B. Ricinoides atewa Naskrecki, 2008, holotype ♂ (AMNH IZC 324855). C. Ricinoides eburneus, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (MRAC 230.162). D. Ricinoides feae (Hansen, 1921), lectotype ♂ (MSNG). E. Ricinoides iita, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (USNM). F. Ricinoides kakum, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (MRAC 217.183). Scale bars = 1 mm." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">11D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13615FDBFFB67944FBB92533C9A0FBFD" box="[1107,1154,1043,1067]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="22.[132,218,1557,1578]" captionTargetBox="[132,1236,248,1532]" captionTargetId="figure-11@22.[132,1236,248,1532]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 12. Ricinoides Ewing, 1929, coxosternal region, ventral aspect. A. Ricinoides afzelii (Thorell, 1892), ♀ (BMNH 13588949). B. Ricinoides atewa Naskrecki, 2008, ♀ (AMNH IZC 324883). C. Ricinoides feae (Hansen, 1921), paralectotype ♀ (MSNG), Rio Cacine, Guinea-Bissau. D. Ricinoides kakum, sp. nov., paratype ♀ (MRAC 217.183). E. Ricinoides nzerekorensis, sp. nov., paratype ♀ (MRAC 209.267). F. Ricinoides taii, sp. nov., paratype ♀ (MRAC 233.482). Scale bars = 1 mm." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">12C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13615FDBFFB67944FB672533C99FFBFD" box="[1165,1213,1043,1067]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="25.[131,218,1411,1432]" captionTargetBox="[132,1231,246,1383]" captionTargetId="figure-9@25.[132,1236,246,1384]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 14. Ricinoides Ewing, 1929, opisthosoma, dorsal aspect. A. Ricinoides afzelii (Thorell, 1892), ♂ (BMNH 13588948). B. Ricinoides atewa Naskrecki, 2008, holotype ♂ (AMNH IZC 324855). C. Ricinoides eburneus, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (MRAC 230.162). D. Ricinoides feae (Hansen, 1921), lectotype ♂ (MSNG). E. Ricinoides iita, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (USNM). F. Ricinoides kakum, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (MRAC 217.183). Scale bars = 1 mm." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">14D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13615FDBFFB67944FD222514CFD4FB9A" box="[712,758,1076,1100]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="26.[131,218,1412,1433]" captionTargetBox="[131,1228,246,1382]" captionTargetId="figure-12@26.[131,1235,246,1385]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 15. Ricinoides Ewing, 1929, opisthosoma, dorsal aspect. A. Ricinoides afzelii (Thorell, 1892), ♀ (BMNH 13588949). B. Ricinoides atewa Naskrecki, 2008, ♀ (AMNH IZC 324883). C. Ricinoides feae (Hansen, 1921), paralectotype ♀ (MSNG), Rio Cacine, Guinea-Bissau. D. Ricinoides kakum, sp. nov., paratype ♀ (MRAC 217.183). E. Ricinoides nzerekorensis, sp. nov., paratype ♀ (MRAC 209.267). F. Ricinoides taii, sp. nov., paratype ♀ (MRAC 233.482). Scale bars = 1 mm." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">15C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13615FDBFFB67944FCE82514CE13FB9A" box="[770,817,1076,1100]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="29.[133,220,1411,1432]" captionTargetBox="[132,1229,248,1384]" captionTargetId="figure-9@29.[132,1236,248,1384]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 17. Ricinoides Ewing, 1929, opisthosoma, ventral aspect. A. Ricinoides afzelii (Thorell, 1892), ♂ (BMNH 13588948). B. Ricinoides atewa Naskrecki, 2008, holotype ♂ (AMNH IZC 324855). C. Ricinoides eburneus, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (MRAC 230.162). D. Ricinoides feae (Hansen, 1921), lectotype ♂ (MSNG). E. Ricinoides iita, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (USNM). F. Ricinoides kakum, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (MRAC 217.183). Scale bars = 1 mm." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">17D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13615FDBFFB67944FCD72514CE48FB9A" box="[829,874,1076,1100]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="30.[132,219,1412,1433]" captionTargetBox="[132,1230,248,1385]" captionTargetId="figure-11@30.[132,1236,248,1385]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 18. Ricinoides Ewing, 1929, opisthosoma, ventral aspect. A. Ricinoides afzelii (Thorell, 1892), ♀ (BMNH 13588949). B. Ricinoides atewa Naskrecki, 2008, ♀ (AMNH IZC 324883). C. Ricinoides feae (Hansen, 1921), paralectotype ♀ (MSNG), Rio Cacine, Guinea-Bissau. D. Ricinoides kakum, sp. nov., paratype ♀ (MRAC 217.183). E. Ricinoides nzerekorensis, sp. nov., paratype ♀ (MRAC 209.267). F. Ricinoides taii, sp. nov., paratype ♀ (MRAC 233.482). Scale bars = 1 mm." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">18C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13615FDBFFB67944FC9D2514CE84FB9A" box="[887,934,1076,1100]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="35.[133,219,1357,1378]" captionTargetBox="[131,1229,258,1320]" captionTargetId="figure-107@35.[131,1235,246,1328]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 20. Ricinoides Ewing, 1929, pedipalp tibia, prolateral aspect. A. Ricinoides afzelii (Thorell, 1892), ♂ (BMNH 13588948). B. Ricinoides atewa Naskrecki, 2008, holotype ♂ (AMNH IZC 324855). C. Ricinoides eburneus, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (MRAC 230.162). D. Ricinoides feae (Hansen, 1921), lectotype ♂ (MSNG). E. Ricinoides iita, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (USNM). F. Ricinoides kakum, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (MRAC 217.183). G. Ricinoides nzerekorensis, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (MRAC 209.266). H. Ricinoides taii, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (MRAC 233.458). I. Ricinoides westermannii (Guérin-Méneville, 1838), neotype ♂ (ZMB 7013). Scale bars = 0.5 mm." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">20D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13615FDBFFB67944FC5B2514CEC2FB9A" box="[945,992,1076,1100]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="36.[132,219,1356,1377]" captionTargetBox="[132,1233,262,1291]" captionTargetId="figure-11@36.[132,1236,248,1326]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 21. Ricinoides Ewing, 1929, leg I distal segments, prolateral aspect. A. Ricinoides afzelii (Thorell, 1892), ♂ (BMNH 13588948). B. Ricinoides atewa Naskrecki, 2008, holotype ♂ (AMNH IZC 324855). C. Ricinoides eburneus, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (MRAC 230.162). D. Ricinoides feae (Hansen, 1921), lectotype ♂ (MSNG). E. Ricinoides iita, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (USNM). F. Ricinoides kakum, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (MRAC 217.183). G. Ricinoides nzerekorensis, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (MRAC 209.266). H. Ricinoides taii, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (MRAC 233.458). I. Ricinoides westermannii (Guérin-Méneville, 1838), neotype ♂ (ZMB 7013). Scale bars = 0.5 mm." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">21D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13615FDBFFB67944FC062514C951FB9D" box="[1004,1139,1076,1100]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="38.[132,218,1434,1455]" captionTargetBox="[132,1236,263,1402]" captionTargetId="figure-75@38.[132,1236,248,1408]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 23. Ricinoides Ewing, 1929, leg II femur, dorsal (A, B) and prolateral (C, D) aspects, tibia, prolateral aspect (E, F), and metatarsus, prolateral aspect (G, H). A, C, E, G. Ricinoides eburneus, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (MRAC 230.162). B, D, F, H. Ricinoides feae (Hansen, 1921), lectotype ♂ (MSNG). Scale bars = 0.5 mm." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">23B, D, F, H</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13615FDBFFB67944FB952514CE49FBBA" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="46.[132,218,1603,1624]" captionTargetBox="[132,1176,262,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-78@46.[132,1236,248,1577]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 29. Ricinoides Ewing, 1929, leg III copulatory apparatus, prolateral (A, B), dorsal (C, D), retrolateral (E, F), ventral (G, H), and frontal (I, J) aspects. A, C, E, G, I. Ricinoides eburneus, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (MRAC 230.162). B, D, F, H, J. Ricinoides feae (Hansen, 1921), lectotype ♂ (MSNG). Scale bars = 0.25 mm." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">29B, D, F, H, J</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13615FDBFFB67944FC9C2575CE87FBBB" box="[886,933,1109,1133]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="52.[132,219,1484,1505]" captionTargetBox="[132,1234,251,1452]" captionTargetId="figure-117@52.[132,1236,248,1455]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURE 33. Ricinoides Ewing, 1929, leg III, male copulatory apparatus, prolateral and ventral aspects. A. Ricinoides afzelii (Thorell, 1892), ♂ (BMNH 13588948). B. Ricinoides atewa Naskrecki, 2008, holotype ♂ (AMNH IZC 324855). C. Ricinoides eburneus, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (MRAC 230.162). D. Ricinoides feae (Hansen, 1921), lectotype ♂ (MSNG). E. Ricinoides iita, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (USNM). F. Ricinoides kakum, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (MRAC 217.183). G. Ricinoides nzerekorensis, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (MRAC 209.266). H. Ricinoides taii, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (MRAC 233.458). I. Ricinoides westermannii (Guérin-Méneville, 1838), neotype ♂ (ZMB 7013). Scale bars = 0.5 mm." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">33D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13615FDBFFB67944FC5B2575CEFDFBBB" box="[945,991,1109,1133]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="54.[132,216,1218,1239]" captionText="FIGURE 34. Ricinoides Ewing, 1929, female genital sclerites. Anterior wall of bursa copulatrix, anterior aspect (above), posterior genital lip and wall of bursa copulatrix, posterior aspect (below). A. Ricinoides afzelii (Thorell, 1892), ♀ (BMNH 13588949). B. Ricinoides atewa Naskrecki, 2008, ♀ (AMNH IZC 324883). C. Ricinoides feae (Hansen, 1921), paralectotype ♀ (MSNG), Rio Cacine, Guinea-Bissau. D. Ricinoides kakum, sp. nov., paratype ♀ (MRAC 217.183). E. Ricinoides nzerekorensis, sp. nov., paratype ♀ (MRAC 209.267). F. Ricinoides taii, sp. nov., paratype ♀ (MRAC 233.482). Accessory glands only visible in F. Scale bars = 0.25 mm." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">34C</figureCitation>
, tables 1, 2, 4
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5435EFFB67944FD2E25B3CE63FAC6" blockId="32.[708,1233,1170,1673]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="4C5A38DDFFB67944FD2E25B3C9A9FB7C" authority="Hansen, 1921: 26 - 31" authorityName="Hansen" authorityPageNumber="26 - 31" authorityYear="1921" box="[708,1163,1170,1194]" class="Insecta" family="Dipsocoridae" genus="Cryptostemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feae">
<emphasis id="B92E9F4CFFB67944FD2E25B3CEB5FB7C" box="[708,919,1170,1194]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Cryptostemma feae</emphasis>
Hansen, 1921: 26–31
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 2, figs. 3a–c, pl. 3, figs. 1a–i; 1930: unpaginated, pl.1, fig. 11, unpaginated, pl. 15, fig. 9b.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34010D5FFB67944FD2E243BCEB3F95E" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BE5435EFFB67944FD2E243BCEB3F95E" blockId="32.[708,1233,1170,1673]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="4C5A38DDFFB67944FD2E243BC92FFAE5" ID-CoL="4T24H" authority="(Hansen, 1921)" baseAuthorityName="Hansen" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[708,1037,1307,1331]" class="Arachnida" family="Ricinoididae" genus="Ricinoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ricinulei" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feae">
<emphasis id="B92E9F4CFFB67944FD2E243BCE7DFAE5" box="[708,863,1307,1331]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Ricinoides feae</emphasis>
(Hansen, 1921)
</taxonomicName>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB3EAFFFB67944FBF2243BCE3EFA83" author="Kastner, A." pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="99 - 116" refId="ref35007" refString="Kastner, A. 1932. Ricinulei Thorell. In W. Kukenthal, Handbuch der Zoologie, 3 (2) (4): 99 - 116. Berlin and Leipzig: Walter de Gruyter." type="book chapter" year="1932">Kästner, 1932: 113</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 153; 
<collectingRegion id="499E8DBCFFB67944FC6E241DCEF3FA83" box="[900,977,1341,1365]" country="Ecuador" name="Bolivar" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Bolívar</collectingRegion>
y Pieltain, 1942: 201; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB3EAFFFB67944FD1E247FCEF1FAA1" author="Millot, J." box="[756,979,1375,1399]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="72 - 74" refId="ref35360" refString="Millot, J. 1945 a. La constitution de l'abdomen des Ricinulei (Arachnides). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France 59: 72 - 74." type="journal article" year="1945">Millot, 1945a: 72–74</bibRefCitation>
, figs. 1–3; 1945b: 1–29, figs. 1–34; 1949a: figs. 54a–c, 62, 79, 83, 90, 92; 1949b: 744–757, figs. 529–551; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB3EAFFFB67944FB812483CEA3FA0B" author="Zakhvatkin, A. A." pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="5 - 46" refId="ref36764" refString="Zakhvatkin, A. A. 1952. Razdelenie kleshchei (Acarina) na otriady i ikh polozhenie v sisteme Chelicerata [Division of mites (Acarina) into orders and their position in the system of Chelicerata]. Parazitologicheskii Sbornik Zoologicheskii Institut Akademii Nauk SSSR 14: 5 - 46. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1952">Zakhvatkin, 1952: 43</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 29b; Dubinin, 1962: 443, fig. 1287; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB3EAFFFB67944FCB724C8C912FA29" author="Tuxen, S. L." box="[861,1072,1511,1536]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="85 - 106" refId="ref36224" refString="Tuxen, S. L. 1974. The African genus Ricinoides (Arachnida, Ricinulei). Journal of Arachnology 1: 85 - 106." type="journal article" year="1974">Tuxen, 1974: 96–98</bibRefCitation>
, figs. 18–23; Dumitresco and Juvara-Balş, 1977a: 260, fig. 1; 1977b: 176, 177, figs. 12a, b, 13a–e; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB3EAFFFB67944FD1E276EC91BF9B0" author="Selden, P. A. &amp; J. A. Dunlop" box="[756,1081,1614,1638]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="303 - 331" refId="ref35983" refString="Selden, P. A., and J. A. Dunlop. 1998. Fossil taxa and relationships of chelicerates. In G. Edgecombe (editor), Arthropod fossils and phylogeny: 303 - 331. New York: Columbia University Press." type="book chapter" year="1998">Selden and Dunlop, 1998: 305</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 7.1; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB3EAFFFB67944FB70276ECEAFF95E" author="Harvey, M. S." pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="ref34924" refString="Harvey, M. S. 2003. Catalogue of the smaller arachnid orders of the world. Collingwood, Victoria, Australia: CSIRO Publishing." type="book" year="2003">Harvey, 2003: 183</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34010D5FFB67945FD0E2784CF74FCB2" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE5435EFFB67944FD0E2784C9F6F96D" blockId="32.[708,1236,1700,1757]" box="[740,1236,1700,1724]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<collectionCode id="ED4BDB9BFFB67944FD0E2784C920F96A" box="[740,1026,1700,1724]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">TYPE MATERIAL EXAMINED</collectionCode>
: 
<taxonomicName id="4C5A38DDFFB67944FBE62784C9ECF96A" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1921" box="[1036,1230,1700,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Dipsocoridae" genus="Cryptostemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feae">
<emphasis id="B92E9F4CFFB67944FBE62784C9ECF96A" box="[1036,1230,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Cryptostemma feae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5435EFFB67944FD2E27E5C9F1F90B" blockId="32.[708,1236,1700,1757]" box="[708,1235,1732,1757]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<typeStatus id="54E1FDFCFFB67944FD2E27E5CE08F90B" box="[708,810,1733,1757]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="9D5C88D7FFB67944FCC427E4CE67F90B" box="[814,837,1732,1757]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4BDB9BFFB67944FCBB27E5CEBDF90B" box="[849,927,1733,1757]" country="Italy" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/1trn-7b59" name="Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova 'Giacomo Doria'" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">MSNG</collectionCode>
) [here designated], 
<emphasis id="B92E9F4CFFB67944FB8C27E5C9F1F90B" bold="true" box="[1126,1235,1733,1757]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">GUINEA-</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5435EFFB77945FF692189C9F1FF68" blockId="33.[131,1235,169,191]" box="[131,1235,169,191]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">34 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY NO. 448</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5435EFFB77945FF6E21D9CF74FCB2" blockId="33.[132,661,249,1762]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<materialsCitation id="3B324903FFB77945FF6E21D9CCCCFE0E" collectingDate="1900-01" collectingDateMax="1900-04-31" collectingDateMin="1900-01" collectionCode="MSNG" collectorName="L. Fea. The" country="Guinea-Bissau" latitude="11.0" location="Rio Cassine" longLatPrecision="1296" longitude="-15.15" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" specimenCount="22" specimenCount-female="13" specimenCount-male="9" stateProvince="Bissau" typeStatus="lectotype">
<emphasis id="B92E9F4CFFB77945FF6E21D9CDC6FEC7" bold="true" box="[132,228,249,273]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<collectingRegion id="499E8DBCFFB77945FF6E21D9CDC2FEC7" box="[132,224,249,273]" country="Guinea-Bissau" name="Bissau" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">BISSAU</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<location id="8E851585FFB77945FF0321DACC41FEC4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3F248FFB67946FCCC22EFC9FAFF69:8E851585FFB77945FF0321DACC41FEC4" box="[233,355,250,274]" country="Guinea-Bissau" latitude="11.0" longLatPrecision="1296" longitude="-15.15" name="Rio Cassine" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" stateProvince="Bissau">Rio Cassine</location>
[
<emphasis id="B92E9F4CFFB77945FE9821DACF32FEC7" box="[370,528,250,274]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<collectingRegion id="499E8DBCFFB77945FE9821DACF32FEC7" box="[370,528,250,274]" country="Guinea-Bissau" name="Tombali" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Tombali Region</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: Rio Cacine, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE6E2599FFB77945FF6E203BCDFEFEE4" box="[132,220,282,307]" degrees="11" direction="north" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" precision="925" value="11.0">11°00′N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE6E2599FFB77945FF0E203BCC64FEE4" box="[228,326,282,307]" degrees="15" direction="west" minutes="09" orientation="longitude" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" precision="925" value="-15.15">15°09′W</geoCoordinate>
], 
<collectingCountry id="F34D03CEFFB77945FEB3203BCF06FEE5" box="[345,548,283,307]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Guinea Portoghese</collectingCountry>
, 
<date id="FFE4659EFFB77945FDDB203BCFB3FEE5" box="[561,657,283,307]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="1900-01" valueMax="1900-04-31" valueMin="1900-01-00">
<collectingDate id="EFA09C76FFB77945FDDB203BCFB3FEE5" box="[561,657,283,307]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="1900-01" valueMax="1900-04-31" valueMin="1900-01-00">i–iv.1900</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26AF2688FFB77945FF6E201CCDD5FE82" box="[132,247,316,340]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">L. Fea. The</collectorName>
vial containing the 
<typeStatus id="54E1FDFCFFB77945FE2C201CCF07FE82" box="[454,549,316,340]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
includes a microvial with the detached sinistral copulatory apparatus. 
<typeStatus id="54E1FDFCFFB77945FEE0205ECC8CFE40" box="[266,430,382,406]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="paralectotype">Paralectotypes</typeStatus>
: 
<specimenCount id="9D5C88D7FFB77945FE2C205ECCDDFE40" box="[454,511,381,406]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="male">9 ♂</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D5C88D7FFB77945FDF3205ECF7DFE40" box="[537,607,381,406]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="female">13 ♀</specimenCount>
, 27 tritonymphs, 3 deutonymphs, 3 protonymphs (
<collectionCode id="ED4BDB9BFFB77945FF6120E0CDFEFE0E" box="[139,220,448,472]" country="Italy" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/1trn-7b59" name="Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova 'Giacomo Doria'" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">MSNG</collectionCode>
), same data as lectotype
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B324903FFB77945FE1620E0CD88FD8A" collectingDate="1899-06" collectingDateMax="1899-12-31" collectingDateMin="1899-06" collectionCode="MSNG" collectorName="L. Fea" country="Guinea-Bissau" latitude="11.576944" location="Bolama" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-15.4788885" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" specimenCount="10" specimenCount-female="6" specimenCount-male="4" stateProvince="Bolama" typeStatus="lectotype">
<specimenCount id="9D5C88D7FFB77945FE1620E0CF09FE0E" box="[508,555,447,472]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="male">4 ♂</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D5C88D7FFB77945FDD120E0CF48FE0E" box="[571,618,447,472]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="female">6 ♀</specimenCount>
, 12 tritonymphs, 13 deutonymphs, 8 protonymphs (
<collectionCode id="ED4BDB9BFFB77945FF612322CDFFFDCC" box="[139,221,514,538]" country="Italy" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/1trn-7b59" name="Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova 'Giacomo Doria'" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">MSNG</collectionCode>
), 
<collectingRegion id="499E8DBCFFB77945FF1F2322CC65FDCC" box="[245,327,514,538]" country="Guinea-Bissau" name="Bolama" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Bolama</collectingRegion>
[
<emphasis id="B92E9F4CFFB77945FEB42322CF26FDCC" box="[350,516,514,538]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<collectingRegion id="499E8DBCFFB77945FEB42322CF26FDCC" box="[350,516,514,538]" country="Guinea-Bissau" name="Bolama" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Bolama Region</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: 
<geoCoordinate id="EE6E2599FFB77945FDFD2322CFB6FDCC" box="[535,660,513,538]" degrees="11" direction="north" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" precision="15" seconds="37" value="11.576944">11°34′37″N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE6E2599FFB77945FF6E2303CC2BFDED" box="[132,265,546,571]" degrees="15" direction="west" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" precision="15" seconds="44" value="-15.4788885">15°28′44″W</geoCoordinate>
], 
<collectingCountry id="F34D03CEFFB77945FEF42303CCCCFDED" box="[286,494,547,571]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Guinea Portoghese</collectingCountry>
, 
<date id="FFE4659EFFB77945FE112303CF53FDED" box="[507,625,547,571]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="1899-06" valueMax="1899-12-31" valueMin="1899-06-00">
<collectingDate id="EFA09C76FFB77945FE112303CF53FDED" box="[507,625,547,571]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="1899-06" valueMax="1899-12-31" valueMin="1899-06-00">vi–xii.1899</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26AF2688FFB77945FD6A2304CD88FD8A" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">L. Fea</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B324903FFB77945FF592364CDEEFDAB" collectionCode="MSNG" country="Guinea-Bissau" location="Fea" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-larva="2" stateProvince="Bolama" typeStatus="lectotype">
<specimenCount id="9D5C88D7FFB77945FF592364CC26FD8A" box="[179,260,580,604]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="larva">2 larvae</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4BDB9BFFB77945FEFA2364CC7DFD8A" box="[272,351,580,604]" country="Italy" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/1trn-7b59" name="Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova 'Giacomo Doria'" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">MSNG</collectionCode>
), 
<collectingRegion id="499E8DBCFFB77945FE852364CCE3FD8A" box="[367,449,580,604]" country="Guinea-Bissau" name="Bolama" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Bolama</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F34D03CEFFB77945FE202364CFB3FD8A" box="[458,657,580,604]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Guinea Portoghese</collectingCountry>
, L. 
<location id="8E851585FFB77945FF4F2346CDEEFDAB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3F248FFB67946FCCC22EFC9FAFF69:8E851585FFB77945FF4F2346CDEEFDAB" box="[165,204,614,637]" country="Guinea-Bissau" name="Fea" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" stateProvince="Bolama">Fea</location>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B324903FFB77945FF372346CCACFD69" collectingDate="1900-01" collectingDateMax="1900-04-31" collectingDateMin="1900-01" collectionCode="ZMUC" collectorName="L. Fea" country="Guinea-Bissau" location="Rio Cacine" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" typeStatus="lectotype">
<specimenCount id="9D5C88D7FFB77945FF372346CC2CFDAB" box="[221,270,612,638]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="male">2 ♂</specimenCount>
, 4 tritonymphs, 1 deutonymph, 1 protonymph (
<collectionCode id="ED4BDB9BFFB77945FEF123A7CC4CFD49" box="[283,366,647,671]" country="Denmark" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">ZMUC</collectionCode>
), 
<location id="8E851585FFB77945FE6E23A6CF22FD48" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3F248FFB67946FCCC22EFC9FAFF69:8E851585FFB77945FE6E23A6CF22FD48" box="[388,512,646,670]" country="Guinea-Bissau" name="Rio Cacine" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Rio Cacine</location>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F34D03CEFFB77945FDE423A6CDF7FD69" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Guinea Portoghese</collectingCountry>
, 
<date id="FFE4659EFFB77945FF0B2387CC62FD69" box="[225,320,679,703]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="1900-01" valueMax="1900-04-31" valueMin="1900-01-00">
<collectingDate id="EFA09C76FFB77945FF0B2387CC62FD69" box="[225,320,679,703]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="1900-01" valueMax="1900-04-31" valueMin="1900-01-00">i–iv.1900</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26AF2688FFB77945FEA62388CCACFD69" box="[332,398,680,703]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">L. Fea</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B324903FFB77945FE712388CF5FFD36" collectingDate="1900-01" collectingDateMax="1900-04-31" collectingDateMin="1900-01" collectionCode="ZMUC" collectorName="L. Fea" country="Guinea-Bissau" location="Rio Cacine" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
1 tritonymph (
<collectionCode id="ED4BDB9BFFB77945FDDD2388CFABFD16" box="[567,649,680,704]" country="Denmark" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">ZMUC</collectionCode>
), 
<location id="8E851585FFB77945FF6E23E9CDDBFD37" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3F248FFB67946FCCC22EFC9FAFF69:8E851585FFB77945FF6E23E9CDDBFD37" box="[132,249,713,737]" country="Guinea-Bissau" name="Rio Cacine" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Rio Cacine</location>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F34D03CEFFB77945FEE923E9CCE9FD37" box="[259,459,713,737]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Guinea Portoghese</collectingCountry>
, 
<date id="FFE4659EFFB77945FE3E23E9CF16FD37" box="[468,564,713,737]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="1900-01" valueMax="1900-04-31" valueMin="1900-01-00">
<collectingDate id="EFA09C76FFB77945FE3E23E9CF16FD37" box="[468,564,713,737]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="1900-01" valueMax="1900-04-31" valueMin="1900-01-00">i–iv.1900</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26AF2688FFB77945FDD723E9CF5FFD36" box="[573,637,713,736]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">L. Fea</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B324903FFB77945FD6D23E9CC3EFCF4" collectingDate="1900-01" collectingDateMax="1900-04-31" collectingDateMin="1900-01" collectionCode="ZMUC" collectorName="L. Fea" country="Guinea-Bissau" location="Rio Cacine" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<specimenCount id="9D5C88D7FFB77945FD6D23E9CDB9FCD4" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4BDB9BFFB77945FF4723CACC22FCD4" box="[173,256,746,770]" country="Denmark" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">ZMUC</collectionCode>
), 
<location id="8E851585FFB77945FEFC23CACCB0FCD4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3F248FFB67946FCCC22EFC9FAFF69:8E851585FFB77945FEFC23CACCB0FCD4" box="[278,402,746,770]" country="Guinea-Bissau" name="Rio Cacine" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Rio Cacine</location>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F34D03CEFFB77945FE4A23CACF52FCD4" box="[416,624,746,770]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Guinea Portoghese</collectingCountry>
, 
<date id="FFE4659EFFB77945FD9523CACDEDFCF5" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="1900-01" valueMax="1900-04-31" valueMin="1900-01-00">
<collectingDate id="EFA09C76FFB77945FD9523CACDEDFCF5" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="1900-01" valueMax="1900-04-31" valueMin="1900-01-00">i– iv.1900</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26AF2688FFB77945FF30222BCC3EFCF4" box="[218,284,779,802]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">L. Fea</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B324903FFB77945FECD222BCC9FFC95" collectingDate="1900-01" collectingDateMax="1900-04-31" collectingDateMin="1900-01" collectionCode="ZMUC" collectorName="L. Fea" country="Guinea-Bissau" location="Rio Cacine" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<specimenCount id="9D5C88D7FFB77945FECD222BCC71FCF5" box="[295,339,778,803]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4BDB9BFFB77945FE8B222BCC91FCF5" box="[353,435,779,803]" country="Denmark" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">ZMUC</collectionCode>
), 
<location id="8E851585FFB77945FE2C222BCF1EFCF5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3F248FFB67946FCCC22EFC9FAFF69:8E851585FFB77945FE2C222BCF1EFCF5" box="[454,572,779,803]" country="Guinea-Bissau" name="Rio Cacine" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Rio Cacine</location>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F34D03CEFFB77945FDA2222BCDDEFC92" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Guinea Portoghese</collectingCountry>
, 
<date id="FFE4659EFFB77945FEE3220CCC48FC92" box="[265,362,812,836]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="1900-01" valueMax="1900-04-31" valueMin="1900-01-00">
<collectingDate id="EFA09C76FFB77945FEE3220CCC48FC92" box="[265,362,812,836]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="1900-01" valueMax="1900-04-31" valueMin="1900-01-00">i–iv.1900</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26AF2688FFB77945FE92220CCC9FFC95" box="[376,445,812,835]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">L. Fea</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B324903FFB77945FE20220CCF73FCB2" collectionCode="MSNG" country="Guinea-Bissau" location="Rio Cacine" municipality="Fea" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<specimenCount id="9D5C88D7FFB77945FE20220CCCDAFC92" box="[458,504,811,836]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4BDB9BFFB77945FDE3220CCF78FC92" box="[521,602,812,836]" country="Italy" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/1trn-7b59" name="Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova 'Giacomo Doria'" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">MSNG</collectionCode>
), 
<location id="8E851585FFB77945FD84220CCDECFCB3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3F248FFB67946FCCC22EFC9FAFF69:8E851585FFB77945FD84220CCDECFCB3" country="Guinea-Bissau" municipality="Fea" name="Rio Cacine" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Rio Cacine</location>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F34D03CEFFB77945FF32226DCC83FCB3" box="[216,417,845,869]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Guinea Portoghese</collectingCountry>
, i-iv.1900, L. 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B81D924FFB77945FDC0226DCF73FCB2" box="[554,593,845,868]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fea</collectingMunicipality>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34010D5FFB77945FF4E224ECF72F937" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE5435EFFB77945FF4E224ECF72F937" blockId="33.[132,661,249,1762]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
DIAGNOSIS: 
<taxonomicName id="4C5A38DDFFB77945FEDA224ECCF7FC50" baseAuthorityName="Hansen" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[304,469,878,902]" class="Arachnida" family="Ricinoididae" genus="Ricinoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ricinulei" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feae">
<emphasis id="B92E9F4CFFB77945FEDA224ECCF7FC50" box="[304,469,878,902]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Ricinoides feae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from the other eight species in the unique structure of the fixed process of the male copulatory apparatus (figs. 29B, D, F, H, J, 33D), which features several distinctive characters, including the laterally compressed α lobe, the wide separation of β 
<subScript id="17DE411BFFB77945FF782560CDB9FB87" attach="left" box="[146,155,1088,1105]" fontSize="7" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">1</subScript>
and β 
<subScript id="17DE411BFFB77945FF0A2560CDCBFB87" attach="left" box="[224,233,1088,1105]" fontSize="7" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">2</subScript>
of the β lobe, the 
<emphasis id="B92E9F4CFFB77945FE592514CCECFB9A" box="[435,462,1076,1100]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">pd</emphasis>
lobe expressed as a moderately broad elevated surface, and the 
<emphasis id="B92E9F4CFFB77945FD962575CFB6FBBB" box="[636,660,1109,1133]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">rd</emphasis>
lobe comprising a cluster of small spines (table 2), none of which is shared with the other species. Additionally, 
<taxonomicName id="4C5A38DDFFB77945FEBF2599CC82FB07" baseAuthorityName="Hansen" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[341,416,1209,1233]" class="Arachnida" family="Ricinoididae" genus="Ricinoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ricinulei" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feae">
<emphasis id="B92E9F4CFFB77945FEBF2599CC82FB07" box="[341,416,1209,1233]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">R. feae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the only species in which the median sclerite of tergite XIII is noticeably longer than wide (figs. 14D, 15C), the sclerite being wider than long or as long as wide in the other species. 
<taxonomicName id="4C5A38DDFFB77945FE4C241DCF6AFA83" baseAuthorityName="Hansen" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[422,584,1341,1365]" class="Arachnida" family="Ricinoididae" genus="Ricinoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ricinulei" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feae">
<emphasis id="B92E9F4CFFB77945FE4C241DCF6AFA83" box="[422,584,1341,1365]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Ricinoides feae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs further from all other species, except 
<taxonomicName id="4C5A38DDFFB77945FDC2247FCDF1FA41" baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Arachnida" family="Ricinoididae" genus="Ricinoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ricinulei" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westermannii">
<emphasis id="B92E9F4CFFB77945FDC2247FCDF1FA41" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">R. westermannii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in the relatively unmodified pedipalp tibia (fig. 20D), which is markedly robust in the other species, and in the width of the opening of the pygidium basal segment, which is approximately two fifths the lateral width of the segment at its base, but narrower laterally in the other species. The male of 
<taxonomicName id="4C5A38DDFFB77945FE532766CF27F98B" baseAuthorityName="Hansen" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[441,517,1605,1629]" class="Arachnida" family="Ricinoididae" genus="Ricinoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ricinulei" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feae">
<emphasis id="B92E9F4CFFB77945FE532766CF27F98B" box="[441,517,1605,1629]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">R. feae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from the male of 
<taxonomicName id="4C5A38DDFFB77945FEE32747CC98F9A8" baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[265,442,1639,1662]" class="Arachnida" family="Ricinoididae" genus="Ricinoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ricinulei" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westermannii">
<emphasis id="B92E9F4CFFB77945FEE32747CC98F9A8" box="[265,442,1639,1662]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">R. westermannii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in several respects, including the presence of a large ventromedian apophysis on the tibia of leg II in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5A38DDFFB77945FDF82789CF7CF917" baseAuthorityName="Hansen" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[530,606,1705,1729]" class="Arachnida" family="Ricinoididae" genus="Ricinoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ricinulei" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feae">
<emphasis id="B92E9F4CFFB77945FDF82789CF7CF917" box="[530,606,1705,1729]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">R. feae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(fig. 23F), which is absent in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5A38DDFFB77945FE7227EACF6BF937" baseAuthorityName="Guerin-Meneville" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[408,585,1738,1761]" class="Arachnida" family="Ricinoididae" genus="Ricinoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ricinulei" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westermannii">
<emphasis id="B92E9F4CFFB77945FE7227EACF6BF937" box="[408,585,1738,1761]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">R. westermannii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34010D5FFB77946FD0E21DAC9FAFF69" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE5435EFFB77945FD0E21DACE54FEE5" blockId="33.[708,1237,250,1762]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
REDESCRIPTION OF MALE: Based on the 
<typeStatus id="54E1FDFCFFB77945FB4621DACE2BFEE5" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
(MSNG).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5435EFFB77945FD0E201CC9F6FE82" blockId="33.[708,1237,250,1762]" box="[740,1236,316,340]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="B92E9F4CFFB77945FD0E201CCE5EFE85" box="[740,892,316,339]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Measurements</emphasis>
: Total length 
<quantity id="4CA2EEBBFFB77945FBE5201CC94CFE85" box="[1039,1134,316,340]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.45" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="6.45">6.45 mm</quantity>
(table 4).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5435EFFB77945FD0E207DC9EFFE2F" blockId="33.[708,1237,250,1762]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="B92E9F4CFFB77945FD0E207DCE71FEA3" box="[740,851,349,373]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Coloration</emphasis>
: Soma and appendages red (fig. 1). Carapace dorsolateral translucent areas yellowish. Opisthosomal tergal and pleural membranes yellow, hyaline. Cheliceral manus yellow; fingers, finger dentition, and manus toothlike process dark.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5435EFFB77945FD0E2323C911FDAB" blockId="33.[708,1237,250,1762]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="B92E9F4CFFB77945FD0E2323CE19FDCC" box="[740,827,515,538]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Setation</emphasis>
: Surfaces densely covered with short, translucent, bristlelike setae, length similar to height of surrounding tuberose granules (figs. 6D, 14D). Polygonal setae absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5435EFFB77945FD0E23A7C94EFAE5" blockId="33.[708,1237,250,1762]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="B92E9F4CFFB77945FD0E23A7C976FD48" box="[740,1108,646,671]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Tegument surface macrosculpture</emphasis>
: Tegument moderately irregular, without cuticular pits. Carapace, cucullus, lateral margins of opisthosomal tergites, legs (except for prolateral and retrolateral surfaces of leg II femur), and, to lesser extent, coxal region covered with coarse, rounded tuberose granules, evenly spaced apart, not clustered together (figs. 6D, 9D, 11D, 14D, 21D, 23B, D, F, H). Opisthosoma without distinct tubercles; entire dorsal surface and sternite XIII coarsely granular, some granules grouped together or touching others but not distinctly clustered (figs. 14D, 17D); remainder of opisthosomal ventral surface, leg II femur prolateral and retrolateral surfaces, and pleural membranes finely and densely granular; tergal membranes more sparsely granular. Pedipalp femur dorsal, prolateral, and retrolateral surfaces finely granular; tibia with elevated oval tubercles distally (fig. 20D), not noticeably enlarged or arranged in distinct rows.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5435EFFB77945FD0E241DC970F937" blockId="33.[708,1237,250,1762]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="B92E9F4CFFB77945FD0E241DCE6AFA82" box="[740,840,1341,1364]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Carapace</emphasis>
: Carapace longer than wide, broadest between coxae of legs II and III; trapezoidal, lateral margins curved, narrowing anteriorly (fig. 6D); anterior margin linear in dorsal aspect; posterior margin slightly procurved; median longitudinal sulcus, paired posterior marginal transverse sulci, and paired anterolateral longitudinal sulci distinct; paired lateral depressions aligned with coxae of legs II; posteromedian moundlike excrescence absent; dorsolateral translucent areas entirely smooth, medium sized, aligned with intersection between coxae of legs I and II, visible in dorsolateral aspect.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5435EFFB47946FF622189C9FAFF69" blockId="34.[136,1240,169,191]" box="[136,1240,169,191]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
2021 BOTERO-TRUJILLO ET AL.: SYSTEMATICS OF WEST AFRICAN “GIANT” 
<taxonomicName id="4C5A38DDFFB47946FC112189C950FF68" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1876" box="[1019,1138,169,190]" class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ricinulei" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">RICINULEI</taxonomicName>
35
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>