274 lines
26 KiB
XML
274 lines
26 KiB
XML
|
<document ID-DOI="10.1206/0003-0090.457.1.1" ID-ISSN="0003-0090" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6971356" approvalRequired="59" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="59" checkinTime="1659882917898" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Beck, Robin M. D., Voss, Robert S. & Jansa, Sharon A." docDate="2022" docId="03EFDD5DF7076914DB16FA171904FD83" docLanguage="en" docName="BulAmeMusNatHist.2022.457.1-350.pdf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2022 (457)" docSource="https://bioone.org/journals/bulletin-of-the-american-museum-of-natural-history/volume-457/issue-1/0003-0090.457.1.1/Craniodental-Morphology-and-Phylogeny-of-Marsupials/10.1206/0003-0090.457.1.1.full" docStyle="DocumentStyle:915933466F796C9C739DF4DB6B8DCFA6.8:BulAmeMusNatHis.2011-.journal_article.1cover.type1" docStyleId="915933466F796C9C739DF4DB6B8DCFA6" docStyleName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2011-.journal_article.1cover.type1" docStyleVersion="8" docTitle="Sparassocynus undetermined" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="317" masterDocId="FFD6A525F63B6829DA0BFFAE1A62FFC7" masterDocTitle="Craniodental Morphology And Phylogeny Of Marsupials" masterLastPageNumber="353" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="316" updateTime="1659987007554" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:titleInfo>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:title>Craniodental Morphology And Phylogeny Of Marsupials</mods:title>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:namePart>Beck, Robin M. D.</mods:namePart>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:affiliation>School of Science, Engineering and Environment University of Salford, U. K. & School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences University of New South Wales, Australia & Division of Vertebrate Zoology (Mammalogy) American Museum of Natural History</mods:affiliation>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:namePart>Voss, Robert S.</mods:namePart>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:affiliation>Division of Vertebrate Zoology (Mammalogy) American Museum of Natural History</mods:affiliation>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:namePart>Jansa, Sharon A.</mods:namePart>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:affiliation>Bell Museum and Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior University of Minnesota</mods:affiliation>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:titleInfo>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:title>Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History</mods:title>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:part>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:number>2022-06-28</mods:number>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:number>2022</mods:number>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:detail type="issue">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:number>457</mods:number>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:end>353</mods:end>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:extent>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:part>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:relatedItem>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:location>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:url>https://bioone.org/journals/bulletin-of-the-american-museum-of-natural-history/volume-457/issue-1/0003-0090.457.1.1/Craniodental-Morphology-and-Phylogeny-of-Marsupials/10.1206/0003-0090.457.1.1.full</mods:url>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:location>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1206/0003-0090.457.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">0003-0090</mods:identifier>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6971356</mods:identifier>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:mods>
|
|||
|
|
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6974434" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6974434" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EFDD5DF7076914DB16FA171904FD83" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EFDD5DF7076914DB16FA171904FD83" lastPageId="317" lastPageNumber="317" pageId="316" pageNumber="316">
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection box="[285,460,1465,1490]" pageId="316" pageNumber="316" type="nomenclature">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph blockId="316.[285,460,1465,1490]" box="[285,460,1465,1490]" pageId="316" pageNumber="316">
|
|||
|
|
<heading box="[285,460,1465,1490]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="316" pageNumber="316" reason="4">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" box="[285,460,1465,1490]" pageId="316" pageNumber="316">
|
|||
|
|
†
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[298,460,1466,1490]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Sparassocynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="316" pageNumber="316" phylum="Chordata" rank="species">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" box="[298,460,1466,1490]" italics="true" pageId="316" pageNumber="316">Sparassocynus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</heading>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="316" pageNumber="316" type="synonymic_list">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph blockId="316.[108,636,1515,1738]" pageId="316" pageNumber="316">
|
|||
|
|
SPECIES SCORED: †
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[345,572,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="316" pageNumber="316">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Beck and Taglioretti" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[345,498,1516,1539]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Sparassocynus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="316" pageNumber="316" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Sparassocynus</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
bahiai
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus box="[587,636,1515,1539]" pageId="316" pageNumber="316">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
species), †
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[221,353,1548,1572]" italics="true" pageId="316" pageNumber="316">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Reig & Simpson" authorityYear="1972" box="[221,349,1548,1572]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Sparassocynus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="316" pageNumber="316" phylum="Chordata" rank="species">S. derivatus</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="316" pageNumber="316" type="materials_examined">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph blockId="316.[108,636,1515,1738]" lastBlockId="316.[684,1214,226,1738]" pageId="316" pageNumber="316">
|
|||
|
|
GEOLOGICAL PROVENANCE OF SCORED
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode box="[108,168,1615,1639]" pageId="316" pageNumber="316">SPECIMENS</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
: All examined specimens of †
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="316" pageNumber="316">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Beck and Taglioretti" baseAuthorityYear="2020" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Sparassocynus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="316" pageNumber="316" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Sparassocynus</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
bahiai
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
were collected in the vicinity of Monte Hermoso in
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion box="[251,507,1680,1704]" country="Argentina" name="Buenos Aires" pageId="316" pageNumber="316">Buenos Aires Province</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry box="[520,632,1680,1704]" name="Argentina" pageId="316" pageNumber="316">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, presumably from the coastal Monte Hermoso Formation (Farola Monte Hermoso; Tomassini et al., 2013). Examined specimens of †
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Reig & Simpson" authorityYear="1972" box="[1086,1212,259,283]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Sparassocynus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="316" pageNumber="316" phylum="Chordata" rank="species">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1086,1212,259,283]" italics="true" pageId="316" pageNumber="316">S. derivatus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
are from the Chapadmalal Formation, which is exposed along the coastline between Miramar and Mar del Plata, also in
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion box="[962,1208,358,382]" country="Argentina" name="Buenos Aires" pageId="316" pageNumber="316">Buenos Aires Province</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry box="[684,793,391,415]" name="Argentina" pageId="316" pageNumber="316">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry box="[808,847,391,415]" name="Iceland" pageId="316" pageNumber="316">Isla</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
et al., 2015).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="316" pageNumber="316" type="description">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph blockId="316.[684,1214,226,1738]" pageId="316" pageNumber="316">
|
|||
|
|
AGE OF SCORED SPECIMENS: The fossil-bearing sediments near Monte Hermoso are the
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus box="[1165,1212,458,482]" pageId="316" pageNumber="316">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
locality of the Montehermosan South American Land Mammal Age (
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode box="[912,1006,523,547]" pageId="316" pageNumber="316">SALMA</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
) and are estimated to be younger than 5.28 ± 0.04 Mya based on radiometric dating of impact glasses and older than 4.5 or 5.0 Mya based on magnetostratigraphy (Zárate, 2005; Schultz et al., 2006; Tomassini et al., 2013). Impact glasses from the top of the Chapadmalal Formation,
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus box="[984,1032,722,746]" pageId="316" pageNumber="316">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
locality of the Chapadmalalan
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode box="[862,954,755,779]" pageId="316" pageNumber="316">SALMA</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
, yield radiometric dates of 3.3 ± 0.2 Mya (Schultz et al., 1998), a plausible minimum age for the material we examined from this formation, for which Woodburne (2010: fig. 3) suggested a maximum age of about 5 Mya (see also Prevosti and Forasiepi, 2018:
|
|||
|
|
<tableCitation box="[684,779,953,977]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="7.[611,691,226,250]" captionTargetBox="[119,1110,327,1337]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="TABLE 1 Higher Classification and Geographic Distribution of Recent Marsupialsa" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF393CC3F63C682ED868FF4C1E65FED9" pageId="316" pageNumber="316" tableUuid="DF393CC3F63C682ED868FF4C1E65FED9">table 1.1</tableCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph blockId="316.[684,1214,226,1738]" box="[716,1171,986,1011]" pageId="316" pageNumber="316">
|
|||
|
|
ASSIGNED AGE
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode box="[887,964,986,1010]" pageId="316" pageNumber="316">RANGE</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
:
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate box="[978,1037,986,1010]" degrees="5.320" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="316" pageNumber="316" precision="55" value="5.32">5.320</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate box="[1037,1109,986,1010]" degrees="3.100" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="316" pageNumber="316" precision="55" value="-3.1">–3.100</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
Mya.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection lastPageId="317" lastPageNumber="317" pageId="316" pageNumber="316" type="discussion">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph blockId="316.[684,1214,226,1738]" pageId="316" pageNumber="316">
|
|||
|
|
REMARKS: Originally described by Mercerat (1899) as a sparassodont based on fragmentary dental remains from the Monte Hermoso Formation (see also Ameghino, 1899: 7; Cabrera, 1927: 306), †
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Beck and Taglioretti" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[765,921,1152,1175]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Sparassocynus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="316" pageNumber="316" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[765,921,1152,1175]" italics="true" pageId="316" pageNumber="316">Sparassocynus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
was later referred to the didelphid subfamily
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[926,1110,1184,1208]" pageId="316" pageNumber="316" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Sparassocyninae">Sparassocyninae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
by Reig (1958b). This arrangement was maintained by Reig and Simpson (1972) in their description of additional well-preserved cranial material of the genus. However, Reig et al. (1987) and several subsequent authors (e.g., Goin, 1991, 1995; Forasiepi et al., 2009; Abello et al., 2015) classified †
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Beck and Taglioretti" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[749,904,1416,1439]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Sparassocynus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="316" pageNumber="316" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[749,904,1416,1439]" italics="true" pageId="316" pageNumber="316">Sparassocynus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and a second fossil taxon, †
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[697,843,1450,1473]" class="Mammalia" family="Sparassocynidae" genus="Hesperocynus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="316" pageNumber="316" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[697,843,1450,1473]" italics="true" pageId="316" pageNumber="316">Hesperocynus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(see below) in a separate family, †
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Reig" authorityYear="1958" box="[695,882,1482,1506]" class="Mammalia" family="Sparassocynidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="316" pageNumber="316" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Sparassocynidae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, which they placed together with
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName authority="(sensu Voss and Jansa, 2009)" baseAuthorityName="sensu Voss and Jansa" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[738,1184,1515,1539]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="316" pageNumber="316" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Didelphidae (sensu Voss and Jansa, 2009)</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
in the superfamily
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1821" box="[862,1012,1548,1572]" pageId="316" pageNumber="316" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Didelphoidea">Didelphoidea</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph blockId="316.[684,1214,226,1738]" lastBlockId="317.[108,638,226,1738]" lastPageId="317" lastPageNumber="317" pageId="316" pageNumber="316">
|
|||
|
|
Beck and Taglioretti (2020) described the skull of a well-preserved, late-stage juvenile of †
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Reig & Simpson" authorityYear="1972" box="[698,966,1647,1671]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Sparassocynus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="316" pageNumber="316" phylum="Chordata" rank="species">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[698,966,1647,1671]" italics="true" pageId="316" pageNumber="316">Sparassocynus derivatus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode box="[985,1052,1648,1672]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mn91-bxvz" name="Museo de Mar del Plata (Argentina)" pageId="316" pageNumber="316">MMP</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
M-5292, collected from the Chapadmalal Formation), which revealed the presence of a distinctive cranial apomorphy of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="sensu Voss and Jansa" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[227,359,226,250]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="317" pageNumber="317" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Didelphidae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(early fusion between the interparietal and supraoccipital; see char. 31), as well as other apparently apomorphic craniodental features characteristic of subclades within
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="sensu Voss and Jansa" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[108,244,358,382]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="317" pageNumber="317" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Didelphidae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. The latter include a posterior palatal margin (postpalatal torus) with distinct “corners” (found in all Recent didelphids except
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1900" box="[108,225,457,481]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Caluromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="317" pageNumber="317" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[108,225,457,481]" italics="true" pageId="317" pageNumber="317">Caluromys</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sanborn" authorityYear="1951" box="[244,404,457,481]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Caluromysiops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="317" pageNumber="317" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[244,404,457,481]" italics="true" pageId="317" pageNumber="317">Caluromysiops</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1912" box="[476,566,457,481]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Glironia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="317" pageNumber="317" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[476,566,457,481]" italics="true" pageId="317" pageNumber="317">Glironia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
; Voss and Jansa, 2003; 2009), contact between the maxilla and alisphenoid in the ventral floor of the orbit (also present in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1910" box="[404,515,556,580]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Lutreolina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="317" pageNumber="317" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[404,515,556,580]" italics="true" pageId="317" pageNumber="317">Lutreolina</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Burnett" authorityYear="1830" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Monodelphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="317" pageNumber="317" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="317" pageNumber="317">Monodelphis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, and †
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Reig" authorityYear="1952" box="[225,390,589,613]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Thylatheridium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="317" pageNumber="317" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[225,390,589,613]" italics="true" pageId="317" pageNumber="317">Thylatheridium</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
; Voss and Jansa, 2003, 2009; see char. 16), and fusion in subadults of the midfrontal suture (as found in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Illiger" authorityYear="1811" box="[501,629,655,679]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Chironectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="317" pageNumber="317" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[501,629,655,679]" italics="true" pageId="317" pageNumber="317">Chironectes</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Nesslinger" baseAuthorityYear="1956" box="[108,210,688,712]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Didelphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="317" pageNumber="317" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[108,210,688,712]" italics="true" pageId="317" pageNumber="317">Didelphis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1910" box="[228,340,688,712]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Lutreolina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="317" pageNumber="317" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[228,340,688,712]" italics="true" pageId="317" pageNumber="317">Lutreolina</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tiedemann" authorityYear="1808" box="[409,515,688,712]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Philander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="317" pageNumber="317" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[409,515,688,712]" italics="true" pageId="317" pageNumber="317">Philander</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
; Voss and Jansa, 2003, 2009; see char. 24). Beck and Taglioretti (2020) also reinterpreted the specialized, highly inflated auditory region of †
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Beck and Taglioretti" baseAuthorityYear="2020" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Sparassocynus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="317" pageNumber="317" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="317" pageNumber="317">Sparassocynus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, documenting the presence of an enormously expanded hypotympanic sinus (part of which was identified as an epitympanic sinus by Reig and Simpson, 1972; see also comments by Forasiepi et al., 2009: 1256), a posterior squamosal epitympanic sinus (see char. 84), and an unusual course for the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (within a bony canal in the medial wall of the hypotympanic sinus; see char. 52). Of these, the last two also appear to be present in †
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[199,347,1152,1175]" class="Mammalia" family="Sparassocynidae" genus="Hesperocynus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="317" pageNumber="317" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[199,347,1152,1175]" italics="true" pageId="317" pageNumber="317">Hesperocynus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(see below), whereas the first cannot be assessed based on available material.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph blockId="317.[108,638,226,1738]" lastBlockId="317.[684,1214,226,580]" pageId="317" pageNumber="317">
|
|||
|
|
The total-evidence Bayesian phylogenetic analyses of Beck and Taglioretti (2020), which used a dataset modified from Voss and Jansa (2009), recovered †
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Beck and Taglioretti" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[315,466,1350,1373]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Sparassocynus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="317" pageNumber="317" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[315,466,1350,1373]" italics="true" pageId="317" pageNumber="317">Sparassocynus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and †
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Sparassocynidae" genus="Hesperocynus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="317" pageNumber="317" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="317" pageNumber="317">Hesperocynus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
as sister taxa within
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="sensu Voss and Jansa" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[417,555,1383,1407]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="317" pageNumber="317" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Didelphidae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, either inside the genus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Burnett" authorityYear="1830" box="[306,444,1416,1440]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Monodelphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="317" pageNumber="317" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[306,444,1416,1440]" italics="true" pageId="317" pageNumber="317">Monodelphis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(in the undated analysis) or, perhaps more plausibly, sister to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Burnett" authorityYear="1830" box="[108,244,1482,1506]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Monodelphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="317" pageNumber="317" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[108,244,1482,1506]" italics="true" pageId="317" pageNumber="317">Monodelphis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(in the tip-and-node dating analysis). Beck and Taglioretti (2020) argued that †
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Beck and Taglioretti" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[122,279,1549,1572]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Sparassocynus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="317" pageNumber="317" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[122,279,1549,1572]" italics="true" pageId="317" pageNumber="317">Sparassocynus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and †
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[360,510,1549,1572]" class="Mammalia" family="Sparassocynidae" genus="Hesperocynus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="317" pageNumber="317" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[360,510,1549,1572]" italics="true" pageId="317" pageNumber="317">Hesperocynus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
warranted distinction at the tribal level within
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="sensu Voss and Jansa" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[503,636,1581,1605]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="317" pageNumber="317" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Didelphidae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(as †Sparassocynini). The analyses presented here represent a further test of the phylogenetic relationships of †
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Beck and Taglioretti" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[297,450,1681,1704]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Sparassocynus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="317" pageNumber="317" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[297,450,1681,1704]" italics="true" pageId="317" pageNumber="317">Sparassocynus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and †
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Sparassocynidae" genus="Hesperocynus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="317" pageNumber="317" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="317" pageNumber="317">Hesperocynus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
based on an expanded and revised character set and a wider sampling of marsupials and nonmarsupial metatherian outgroup taxa.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph blockId="317.[684,1214,226,580]" pageId="317" pageNumber="317">
|
|||
|
|
Although we scored †
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Beck and Taglioretti" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[955,1108,292,315]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Sparassocynus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="317" pageNumber="317" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[955,1108,292,315]" italics="true" pageId="317" pageNumber="317">Sparassocynus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
based on craniodental material traditionally identified as †
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[697,789,358,382]" italics="true" pageId="317" pageNumber="317">S. bahiai</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(from the Monte Hermoso Formation) and †
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Reig & Simpson" authorityYear="1972" box="[744,867,391,415]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Sparassocynus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="317" pageNumber="317" phylum="Chordata" rank="species">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis box="[744,867,391,415]" italics="true" pageId="317" pageNumber="317">S. derivatus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(from the Chapadmalal Formation), these nominal species were distinguished only by Reig and Simpson (1972: 515) based on minor dental differences, and they do not differ in size (Abello et al., 2015); they could plausibly be synonymized.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|