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<document id="2886C57AE7CC094C4F5AF349FEE41A3B" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5526.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14021526" ID-ZooBank="987FAD00-32A7-4E38-AFAD-6EAC8D808FB2" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1730450932891" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Yiu, Sam King Fung & Mah, Christopher L." docDate="2024" docId="03BF87BF26175D5B61C4BE99FAFE47C5" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5526.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5526 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5526.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.19:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="19" docTitle="Pseudoboletia indiana" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="FF86FFC7260F5D436153BE46FFA14013" masterDocTitle="New Ecological Observations and Occurrence for Asteroidea and Echinoidea in Hong Kong" masterLastPageNumber="69" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1730451613712" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="96D865779E814D52714D4D201C435F58">New Ecological Observations and Occurrence for Asteroidea and Echinoidea in Hong Kong</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="70C3D889942E7BB8561D68108E11852E" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="AECAD858FBCA1696F3EDDE08CB8F0C9C">Yiu, Sam King Fung</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="58DF09EC0A61C2E0811EDD35C3E0D2A4" type="ORCID">0000-0001-6212-7339</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="0AD912093EB271DE301213A97CF0088E">School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. cyclesamyiu @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6212 - 7339</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="FC1839358557E0F82AA620C3159069E4" type="email">cyclesamyiu@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="B7D12E1B6DB77739C8F38EB0CA4926FA">Mah, Christopher L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="49F451202F682E7BCFF8F474154C0854" type="ORCID">0000-0001-6212-7339</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="2B59FEEB52ED818A8D971CAA33D1BEEF">School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. cyclesamyiu @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6212 - 7339 & Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington D. C. brisinga @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0178 - 8237 & School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. cyclesamyiu @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6212 - 7339</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="DD8FA134BCBED51AF0C01AC9007AA290" type="email">cyclesamyiu@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="405551FDCCB82B1A37D97DD36C96FF15">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D6786155EB6FC3C09E5415EFF16724BF">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="BED67625619754AD347E265950DD6D5A">2024-10-22</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="AB52A7D1F8DD2CD0D26F1610B19D15B7">5526</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="0117BD4A65B9F8F3F258BED0265C5907">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5526.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="EA9CAD45DC7A2EF095794111707AE1B0">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="7142ECFEBCFD3387730538459D4BCD87" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5526.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C31008AEDF85A3B455DD489C0BF4E706" type="ISSN">1175-5334</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="AEB33271B054A25A98B1F48C9E6C69C1" type="Zenodo-Dep">14021526</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03BF87BF26175D5B61C4BE99FAFE47C5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BF87BF26175D5B61C4BE99FAFE47C5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BF87BF26175D5B61C4BE99FAFE47C5" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<subSubSection id="C30C652226175D5B61C4BE99FDD140EA" box="[151,624,223,250]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA936A926175D5B61C4BE99FDD140EA" blockId="24.[151,624,223,286]" box="[151,624,223,250]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<heading id="D0E181C526175D5B61C4BE99FDD140EA" bold="true" box="[151,624,223,250]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C164D2A26175D5B61C4BE99FDD140EA" ID-CoL="4NQ32" authority="(Michelin 1862)" baseAuthorityName="Michelin" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[151,624,223,250]" class="Echinoidea" family="Toxopneustidae" genus="Pseudoboletia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Camarodonta" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="indiana">
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<emphasis id="B962EABB26175D5B61C4BE99FDD140EA" bold="true" box="[151,624,223,250]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="B962EABB26175D5B61C4BE99FE0440E9" bold="true" box="[151,421,223,250]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Pseudoboletia indiana</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF874B5826175D5B60E7BE99FDC940EA" author="Michelin, H." box="[436,616,223,249]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="14 - 16" refId="ref41321" refString="Michelin, H. (1862) Annex A. Echinides et Stellerides. In: Maillard, L. (Ed.). Notes sur l'Ile de la Reunion (Bourbon). Palais Royal, Galerie D'Orleans, Paris, 7 pp., pls 14 - 16 (1)." type="book chapter" year="1862">Michelin 1862</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30C652226175D5B61C4BF45FEF7410D" box="[151,342,259,286]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA936A926175D5B61C4BF45FEF7410D" blockId="24.[151,624,223,286]" box="[151,342,259,286]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<figureCitation id="132D2A2C26175D5B61C4BF45FEF7410D" box="[151,342,259,286]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1297,1321]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,309,1273]" captionTargetId="figure-36@24.[151,1436,309,1273]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 15. Pseudoboletia indiana A–B. In situ observation showing color variation and collector’s behavior. C. Aboral view. D. Oral view. Photographer: Sam King Fung Yiu." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14021560" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14021560/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">FIGURE 15A–D</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF69662126175D5B61C4BB57FD2C455E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14021560" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14021560" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14021560/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" startId="24.[151,250,1297,1321]" targetBox="[151,1436,309,1273]" targetPageId="24" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8BA936A926175D5B61C4BB57FD2C455E" blockId="24.[151,1437,1296,1357]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="B962EABB26175D5B61C4BB57FDE6453A" bold="true" box="[151,583,1296,1321]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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FIGURE 15.
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<taxonomicName id="4C164D2A26175D5B6077BB56FDAD453B" baseAuthorityName="Michelin" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[292,524,1296,1320]" class="Echinoidea" family="Toxopneustidae" genus="Pseudoboletia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Camarodonta" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="indiana">
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<emphasis id="B962EABB26175D5B6077BB56FDAD453B" bold="true" box="[292,524,1296,1320]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Pseudoboletia indiana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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A–B.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C164D2A26175D5B631EBB54FCA9453A" authority="observation" authorityName="Observation" box="[589,776,1297,1321]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Indianastra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="24" pageNumber="19" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="situ">
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<emphasis id="B962EABB26175D5B631EBB54FD2C453A" box="[589,653,1298,1321]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">In situ</emphasis>
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observation
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</taxonomicName>
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showing color variation and collector’s behavior.
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<emphasis id="B962EABB26175D5B65ADBB57FAB7453A" bold="true" box="[1278,1302,1297,1321]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">C.</emphasis>
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Aboral view.
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<emphasis id="B962EABB26175D5B61C4BB73FF0E455E" bold="true" box="[151,175,1333,1357]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">D.</emphasis>
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Oral view. Photographer: Sam King Fung Yiu.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C30C652226175D5B61C4BBD9FAFE47C5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BA936A926175D5B61C4BBD9FEBF45AA" blockId="24.[151,286,1439,1465]" box="[151,286,1439,1465]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="B962EABB26175D5B61C4BBD9FEBF45AA" bold="true" box="[151,286,1439,1465]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Comments</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA936A926175D5B61C4BBA1FC704682" blockId="24.[151,1437,1511,1790]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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This species was distinguished by its relatively short spines and white body color with black patchy markings (
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<figureCitation id="132D2A2C26175D5B61CCB84DFE8B4635" box="[159,298,1547,1574]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1297,1321]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,309,1273]" captionTargetId="figure-36@24.[151,1436,309,1273]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 15. Pseudoboletia indiana A–B. In situ observation showing color variation and collector’s behavior. C. Aboral view. D. Oral view. Photographer: Sam King Fung Yiu." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14021560" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14021560/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 15A–B</figureCitation>
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). Our account follows
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<bibRefCitation id="EF874B5826175D5B6378B84DFCB54635" author="Liao, Y. & Clark, A. M." box="[555,788,1547,1574]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refId="ref40906" refString="Liao, Y. & Clark, A. M. (1995) The Echinoderms of Southern China. Science Press, Beijing, 614 pp." type="book" year="1995">Liao & Clark (1995)</bibRefCitation>
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which shows
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<taxonomicName id="4C164D2A26175D5B62E5B84DFB674636" authorityName="Troschel" authorityYear="1869" box="[950,1222,1547,1573]" class="Echinoidea" family="Toxopneustidae" genus="Pseudoboletia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Camarodonta" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="maculata">
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<emphasis id="B962EABB26175D5B62E5B84DFB674636" box="[950,1222,1547,1573]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Pseudoboletia maculata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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synonymized with
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<taxonomicName id="4C164D2A26175D5B61C4B869FE35465A" baseAuthorityName="Michelin" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[151,404,1583,1609]" class="Echinoidea" family="Toxopneustidae" genus="Pseudoboletia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Camarodonta" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="indiana">
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<emphasis id="B962EABB26175D5B61C4B869FE35465A" box="[151,404,1583,1609]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Pseudoboletia indiana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Although recorded from the Southern
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<collectingCountry id="F301763926175D5B6218B869FC2F465A" box="[843,910,1583,1609]" name="China" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">China</collectingCountry>
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area, this represents the first occurrence of this species in
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<collectingCountry id="F301763926175D5B6059B812FE30467D" box="[266,401,1620,1646]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
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. Specimens were found at Trio Island in a rocky habitat of
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<quantity id="4CEE9B4C26175D5B654FB812FBE1467D" box="[1052,1088,1620,1646]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="7.0">7m</quantity>
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depth. This was among several urchins from southern and middle
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<collectingCountry id="F301763926175D5B6349B83EFDFB4681" box="[538,602,1656,1682]" name="Japan" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Japan</collectingCountry>
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reviewed by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF874B5826175D5B63A2B831FC6D4682" author="Saitoh, M. & Kroh, A. & Bronstein, O. & Nakachi, S. & Obuchi, M. & Kiyono, U. & Kanazawa, K." box="[753,972,1655,1682]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="123 - 128" refId="ref42409" refString="Saitoh, M., Kroh, A., Bronstein, O., Nakachi, S., Obuchi, M., Kiyono, U. & Kanazawa, K. (2019) The echinoid fauna from middle and southern Japan: a preliminary report. Zoosymposia, 15, 123 - 128. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zoosymposia. 15.1.14" type="journal article" year="2019">
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Saitoh
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<emphasis id="B962EABB26175D5B6213B83EFCD04682" box="[832,881,1655,1681]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al</emphasis>
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. (2019)
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</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA936A926175D5B6194B8DAFE4946EE" blockId="24.[151,1437,1511,1790]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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Many of the individuals observed displayed “covering behavior”, carrying coarse pebbles and shells (
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<figureCitation id="132D2A2C26175D5B6462B8DDFF0D46CA" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1297,1321]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,309,1273]" captionTargetId="figure-36@24.[151,1436,309,1273]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 15. Pseudoboletia indiana A–B. In situ observation showing color variation and collector’s behavior. C. Aboral view. D. Oral view. Photographer: Sam King Fung Yiu." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14021560" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14021560/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 15A, B</figureCitation>
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), which is consistent with data that this species prefers calcareous rubble as protective “coverage” against UV radiation (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF874B5826175D5B605AB8A5FE7D46EE" author="Barrett, G. A. & Revell, D. & Harding, L. & Mills, I. & Jorcin, A. & Stiefel, K. M." box="[265,476,1763,1790]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref36948" refString="Barrett, G. A., Revell, D., Harding, L., Mills, I., Jorcin, A. & Stiefel, K. M. (2019) Tool Use by Four Species of Indo-Pacific Sea Urchins. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 7 (69), 1 - 12. https: // doi. org / 10.3390 / jmse 7030069" type="journal article" year="2019">
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Barrett
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<emphasis id="B962EABB26175D5B6033B8A2FE3046EE" box="[352,401,1763,1789]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. 2019
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA936A926175D5B61C4B909FE6B477A" blockId="24.[151,458,1871,1897]" box="[151,458,1871,1897]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B962EABB26175D5B61C4B909FE6B477A" bold="true" box="[151,458,1871,1897]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Occurrence/Distribution</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA936A926175D5B61C4B9DEFAFE47C5" blockId="24.[151,1375,1944,2006]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="3B7E3CF426175D5B61C4B9DEFEFA47A1" box="[151,347,1944,1970]" country="Hong Kong" elevation="7" location="Hong Kong" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="7">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F301763926175D5B61C4B9DEFEBC47A1" box="[151,285,1944,1970]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D10FD2026175D5B607AB9DEFEFA47A1" box="[297,347,1944,1970]" count="7" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="generic">
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CEE9B4C26175D5B607AB9DEFEF647A1" box="[297,343,1944,1970]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="7.0">
|
|||
|
|
<elevation id="003BD19A26175D5B607AB9DEFEF647A1" box="[297,343,1944,1970]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="7.0">7 m</elevation>
|
|||
|
|
</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="3B7E3CF426175D5B6194B9FDFEBF47C6" box="[199,286,1979,2005]" country="Hong Kong" location="Outside" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="1">
|
|||
|
|
<location id="8EC9607226175D5B6194B9FDFEBF47C6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BF87BF26175D5B61C4BE99FAFE47C5:8EC9607226175D5B6194B9FDFEBF47C6" box="[199,286,1979,2005]" country="Hong Kong" name="Outside" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Outside</location>
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="3B7E3CF426175D5B6076B9FAFDBD47C6" box="[293,540,1979,2006]" collectorName="Southern" country="Hong Kong" location="Hong Kong" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="1">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F301763926175D5B6076B9FAFE0D47C5" box="[293,428,1980,2006]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="26E3537F26175D5B60E4B9FDFDBD47C6" box="[439,540,1979,2005]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Southern</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="3B7E3CF426175D5B6370B9FDFBFB47C5" box="[547,1114,1979,2006]" collectorName="Indo-Pacific" country="China" location="Xisha Island" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="1">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F301763926175D5B6370B9FDFDC747C6" box="[547,614,1979,2005]" name="China" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">China</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
<location id="8EC9607226175D5B633EB9FDFD5D47C6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BF87BF26175D5B61C4BE99FAFE47C5:8EC9607226175D5B633EB9FDFD5D47C6" box="[621,764,1979,2005]" country="China" name="Xisha Island" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Xisha Island</location>
|
|||
|
|
, throughout the
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="26E3537F26175D5B62E0B9FDFB9C47C6" box="[947,1085,1979,2005]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Indo-Pacific</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
to
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="3B7E3CF426175D5B6532B9FDFAFE47C5" box="[1121,1375,1979,2006]" country="Madagascar" elevation="50" location="Madagascar" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="100">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F301763926175D5B6532B9FDFB4B47C6" box="[1121,1258,1979,2005]" name="Madagascar" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CEE9B4C26175D5B65A6B9FDFAFA47C5" box="[1269,1371,1979,2006]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="50.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="0.0">
|
|||
|
|
<elevation id="003BD19A26175D5B65A6B9FDFAFA47C5" box="[1269,1371,1979,2006]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="50.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="0.0">
|
|||
|
|
0–
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D10FD2026175D5B6441B9FDFAFA47C5" box="[1298,1371,1979,2006]" count="100" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="generic">100 m</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
</elevation>
|
|||
|
|
</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|