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<document id="3A4C6BBC69249EC28F9D36E5964B659D" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2012.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e809cd3a-36bb-413d-9f19-70837d7db34b" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3715167" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1584542927971" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Grootaert, Patrick &amp; Shamshev, Igor V." docDate="2012" docId="03BC87A25D20FFF4FDBDB94D32018363" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2011-5.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 5" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Elaphropeza semakau Grootaert &amp; Shamshev 2012, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="BD331BE7-671A-4D9F-AFDF-AE7846DA857F" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="14" lastPageNumber="106" masterDocId="FF85FFDA5D46FF9DFFDEBF61367B815E" masterDocTitle="The fast-running flies (Diptera, Hybotidae, Tachydromiinae) of Singapore and adjacent regions" masterLastPageNumber="162" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="103" updateTime="1698729919212" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="BDAB9CA8E2EF5A1257594FD45C142A4E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="2F102A8FD47EAE3A34CB4B5EB9E6F664">
<mods:title id="DFA9DDBCA980D17B631673C6D1724A5F">The fast-running flies (Diptera, Hybotidae, Tachydromiinae) of Singapore and adjacent regions</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="A3FE9DA357213EBA942D1ECB6CAC7440" type="personal">
<mods:role id="A36D1A9F67A605EE273D8F8889732A99">
<mods:roleTerm id="75BDDC7593D2FF8F6E361D9F23537CDD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="F4A0563BDB0D197F9CF86A7002000465">Grootaert, Patrick</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="3A5B527D708C901003F10361CC686221" type="personal">
<mods:role id="81FCC4D7A0EECA37E72EEE75016FFCEA">
<mods:roleTerm id="00BED0480913BBF69A3944B3C0B3A4D1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="5B989C031414269588372C267EF337FF">Shamshev, Igor V.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="0F0A627CBBA8CA4077263970DAF1A5F8">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="F7A5762D1E474B98E55144D105DC57D1">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="071FDE85DEFCF53F5355129C3FC5792D">
<mods:date id="F40B69B6F2F64435D644D44B6D939B75">2012</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="D84943B97BD0C578607C282A49D1DE37" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="7C61C4851D3F9B82C91AABCFD6B3F524">2012-01-06</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="058E5B54AAC70E79F25478A68B8319E6" type="volume">
<mods:number id="E7CC9C70E1343E489E45016F7663D2F5">5</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="7A1869712FB3AB19018B29F4EEB0AAB6">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="4D2C5F5611767CE7F1A2864808CFA8A9">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="3B77CF28522A1FE1AA770892869B0510" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2012.5</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C6F5CCD035B513A5A784E88DB827D891" type="GBIF-Dataset">e809cd3a-36bb-413d-9f19-70837d7db34b</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7FFC0F32E94DD1222B022D76A59DF7BE" type="Zenodo-Dep">3715167</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A0C4A0E9B160E3EC326FA1CF433BE1FC" type="ZooBank">B69F002A-C1A0-439D-9477-62BFA87DEAD7</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03BC87A25D20FFF4FDBDB94D32018363" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3717593" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162630284" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3717593" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:BD331BE7-671A-4D9F-AFDF-AE7846DA857F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BC87A25D20FFF4FDBDB94D32018363" lastPageId="105" lastPageNumber="106" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">
<subSubSection id="C30F653F5D20FFFBFDBDB94D35AA8719" box="[611,977,1580,1607]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BAA36B45D20FFFBFDBDB94D35AA8719" blockId="102.[611,977,1580,1645]" box="[611,977,1580,1607]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">
<heading id="D0E281D85D20FFFBFDBDB94D35AA8719" box="[611,977,1580,1607]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C154D375D20FFFBFDBDB94D35148719" ID-CoL="BCW6N" authority="Grootaert &amp; Shamshev, 2012" authorityName="Grootaert &amp; Shamshev" authorityYear="2012" box="[611,879,1580,1607]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Elaphropeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semakau" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B961EAA65D20FFFBFDBDB94D35148719" bold="true" box="[611,879,1580,1607]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">Elaphropeza semakau</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25257DD5D20FFFBFCA8B94C35AA8719" box="[886,977,1581,1607]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30F653F5D20FFFBFD12B93335138733" box="[716,872,1618,1645]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAA36B45D20FFFBFD12B93335138733" blockId="102.[611,977,1580,1645]" box="[716,872,1618,1645]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">
<figureCitation id="132E2A315D20FFFBFD12B93335138733" box="[716,872,1618,1645]" captionStart="Figs 156-160" captionStartId="104.[189,241,1930,1956]" captionTargetBox="[220,1370,965,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@104.[189,1398,918,1890]" captionTargetPageId="104" captionText="Figs 156-160. Elaphropeza semakau sp. nov., ♂. 156. postpedicel and stylus of antenna, lateral view. 157. right epandrial lamella, lateral view. 158. epandrium with cerci, dorsal view. 159. left surstylus, lateral view. 160. tip of hypandrium, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3723750" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3723750/files/figure.png" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">Figs 156-160</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30F653F5D20FFFBFF63B9F43449860F" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BAA36B45D20FFFBFF63B9F4374D87F1" blockId="102.[189,310,1685,1711]" box="[189,310,1685,1711]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">
<heading id="D0E281D85D20FFFBFF63B9F4374D87F1" bold="true" box="[189,310,1685,1711]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B961EAA65D20FFFBFF63B9F4374D87F1" bold="true" box="[189,310,1685,1711]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA36B45D20FFFBFF63B9A73449860F" blockId="102.[189,1399,1734,1873]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">Occiput black; postpedicel brownish in apical part and yellow basally, nearly 3.5 times longer than wide; thorax with scutellum and metanotum brown; legs with tarsomere 5 black, hind tibia with 1 anterodorsal bristle. Male: cerci entirely fused, left surstylus produced apically, right epandrial lamella bearing 4 short subapical spine-like setae.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30F653F5D20FFFAFF63B81B374286B4" lastPageId="103" lastPageNumber="104" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAA36B45D20FFFBFF63B81B373586CA" blockId="102.[189,630,1914,2027]" box="[189,334,1914,1940]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">
<heading id="D0E281D85D20FFFBFF63B81B373586CA" bold="true" box="[189,334,1914,1940]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B961EAA65D20FFFBFF63B81B373586CA" bold="true" box="[189,334,1914,1940]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA36B45D20FFFBFF34B8CD340D86B5" blockId="102.[189,630,1914,2027]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis id="B961EAA65D20FFFBFF34B8CD37518698" bold="true" box="[234,298,1964,1990]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">Male</emphasis>
LENGTH. Body
<quantity id="4CED9B515D20FFFBFEB4B8B037BC86B5" box="[362,455,2001,2027]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
, wing
<quantity id="4CED9B515D20FFFBFDCAB8B0340A86B5" box="[532,625,2001,2027]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA36B45D21FFFAFF63BE6D32E680BC" blockId="103.[189,1399,267,483]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
HEAD. Occiput black. Anterior ocellars long, proclinate and cruciate; posterior ocellars minute. Inner verticals long, outer verticals somewhat shorter. Antenna (
<figureCitation id="132E2A315D21FFFAFC5ABE5035908012" box="[900,1003,305,332]" captionStart="Figs 156-160" captionStartId="104.[189,241,1930,1956]" captionTargetBox="[220,1370,965,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@104.[189,1398,918,1890]" captionTargetPageId="104" captionText="Figs 156-160. Elaphropeza semakau sp. nov., ♂. 156. postpedicel and stylus of antenna, lateral view. 157. right epandrial lamella, lateral view. 158. epandrium with cerci, dorsal view. 159. left surstylus, lateral view. 160. tip of hypandrium, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3723750" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3723750/files/figure.png" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Fig. 156</figureCitation>
) with scape and pedicel yellow, postpedicel brownish in apical part and yellowish basally (yellow space varying, but no more than half of postpedicel); pedicel with circlet of subequally short setulae; postpedicel 3.7 times longer than wide; stylus normally pubescent, brown, slightly (1.2 times) longer than postpedicel and slightly shorter (1.1 times) than scape, pedicel and postpedicel combined. Palpus yellow, small, rounded.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA36B45D21FFFAFF63BD6C34E78255" blockId="103.[189,1399,525,779]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">THORAX. Almost entirely yellow, only scutellum and metanotum brown. Prothoracic episternum lacking long upturned bristle just above fore coxa, with 1 very short bristle in upper part. Postpronotal bristle not prominent. Mesonotum with 2 subequally long notopleurals, 1 somewhat shorter postsutural supra-alar, 1 similar postalar and 4 scutellars (apical pair very long, cruciate; lateral pair minute).Acrostichals arranged in 4 irregular rows anteriorly but 2-serial posteriorly, lacking on prescutellar depression; dorsocentrals arranged in 2-3 irregular rows anteriorly, becoming uni-serial toward scutellum, prescutellar pair very long (nearly as long as apical scutellars).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA36B45D21FFFAFF63BC5534F78509" blockId="103.[189,1399,820,1111]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">LEGS. Almost entirely yellow, only tarsomere 5 of all legs black. Coxae and trochanters with unmodified setation. Fore femur somewhat thickened, with rows of short anteroventral and posteroventral bristles, 2 longer pale setae near base and 1 strong brownish subapical bristle posteriorly. Fore tibia lacking prominent bristles (except subapicals). Mid femur with rows of spinule-like, short ventral setae. Mid tibia with slightly prominent ventral spinules, bearing subapical, black claw-like spine, lacking prominent bristles (except subapicals). Hind femur with row of short anteroventral setae and about 4 short, erect dorsal setae near base. Hind tibia bearing 1 anterodorsal bristle, with slightly prominent rounded apical projection. Tarsi of all legs unmodified.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA36B45D21FFFAFF63BBE032658452" blockId="103.[189,1398,1153,1293]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
WING. Uniformly finely infuscate. Costal index: 34/22/24/12. Costal vein with moderately long setulae along anterior margin. Basal costal bristle long, brownish yellow. R
<subScript id="179134F15D21FFFAFC16BBD835988599" attach="left" box="[968,995,1209,1223]" fontSize="6" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">4+5</subScript>
and M
<subScript id="179134F15D21FFFAFBEDBBD832358599" attach="left" box="[1075,1102,1209,1223]" fontSize="6" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">1+2</subScript>
somewhat divergent near wing apex, both straight. Crossvein bm-cu transverse. Crossvein r-m near middle of cell bm. Calypter brownish yellow, with several long concolorous setae. Halter pale yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA36B45D21FFFAFF63BA56368484B6" blockId="103.[189,1399,1334,1512]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">ABDOMEN. Tergite 1 entirely pale yellow. Tergites 2 and 3 brownish yellow, of subequal width in dorsal view, deeply concave anteriorly and divided along midline; with unmodified setation. Tergite 4 broadest, dark brown, subshining, with slightly flattened setae. Tergite 5 very narrow, concolorous with tergite 4, bearing squamiform setae. Tergites 6 and 7 brownish yellow, with moderately long posteromarginal setae.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA36B45D21FFFAFF63B97235FE86DF" blockId="103.[189,1399,1554,1921]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
TERMINALIA. Rather large, left surstylus brownish, right epandrial lamella yellowish brown apically and yellow basally (
<figureCitation id="132E2A315D21FFFAFE74B9593437870D" box="[426,588,1592,1619]" captionStart="Figs 156-160" captionStartId="104.[189,241,1930,1956]" captionTargetBox="[220,1370,965,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@104.[189,1398,918,1890]" captionTargetPageId="104" captionText="Figs 156-160. Elaphropeza semakau sp. nov., ♂. 156. postpedicel and stylus of antenna, lateral view. 157. right epandrial lamella, lateral view. 158. epandrium with cerci, dorsal view. 159. left surstylus, lateral view. 160. tip of hypandrium, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3723750" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3723750/files/figure.png" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Figs 157-160</figureCitation>
). Cerci entirely fused forming single subrectangular lobe, with some unmodified setae of different lengths, lacking spines. Epandrium completely divided. Right surstylus not prominent. Right epandrial lamella (
<figureCitation id="132E2A315D21FFFAFDBBB9E234B287C0" box="[613,713,1667,1694]" captionStart="Figs 156-160" captionStartId="104.[189,241,1930,1956]" captionTargetBox="[220,1370,965,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@104.[189,1398,918,1890]" captionTargetPageId="104" captionText="Figs 156-160. Elaphropeza semakau sp. nov., ♂. 156. postpedicel and stylus of antenna, lateral view. 157. right epandrial lamella, lateral view. 158. epandrium with cerci, dorsal view. 159. left surstylus, lateral view. 160. tip of hypandrium, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3723750" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3723750/files/figure.png" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Fig. 157</figureCitation>
) conical, broadly ovate apically, bearing 4 short, subapical spine-like setae (3 setae closer to each other and 1 seta aside), with numerous moderately long setae. Left epandrial lamella fused to hypandrium, with 1 short seta apically. Left surstylus (
<figureCitation id="132E2A315D21FFFAFB14B9AE334B87B4" box="[1226,1328,1743,1770]" captionStart="Figs 156-160" captionStartId="104.[189,241,1930,1956]" captionTargetBox="[220,1370,965,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@104.[189,1398,918,1890]" captionTargetPageId="104" captionText="Figs 156-160. Elaphropeza semakau sp. nov., ♂. 156. postpedicel and stylus of antenna, lateral view. 157. right epandrial lamella, lateral view. 158. epandrium with cerci, dorsal view. 159. left surstylus, lateral view. 160. tip of hypandrium, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3723750" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3723750/files/figure.png" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Fig. 159</figureCitation>
) with upper lobe large, rather elongate oval and narrowly produced apical part, covered with scattered setulae on outer face but bearing some moderately long setae on inner face and several short strong setae near base dorsally. Hypandrium with 2 long subapical setae and numerous setae of different lengths apically (
<figureCitation id="132E2A315D21FFFAFF18B806375686DF" box="[198,301,1894,1921]" captionStart="Figs 156-160" captionStartId="104.[189,241,1930,1956]" captionTargetBox="[220,1370,965,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@104.[189,1398,918,1890]" captionTargetPageId="104" captionText="Figs 156-160. Elaphropeza semakau sp. nov., ♂. 156. postpedicel and stylus of antenna, lateral view. 157. right epandrial lamella, lateral view. 158. epandrium with cerci, dorsal view. 159. left surstylus, lateral view. 160. tip of hypandrium, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3723750" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3723750/files/figure.png" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Fig. 160</figureCitation>
). Phallus short. Two rod-shaped apodemes present.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA36B45D21FFFAFF34B8CA373E869B" blockId="103.[189,325,1963,2026]" box="[234,325,1963,1989]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
<emphasis id="B961EAA65D21FFFAFF34B8CA373E869B" bold="true" box="[234,325,1963,1989]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Female</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA36B45D21FFFAFF63B8B1374286B4" blockId="103.[189,325,1963,2026]" box="[189,313,2000,2026]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30F653F5D2EFFF5FF63BE6A330C8029" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BAA36B45D2EFFF5FF63BE6A37D1807B" blockId="104.[189,1399,267,375]" box="[189,426,267,293]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">
<heading id="D0E281D85D2EFFF5FF63BE6A37D1807B" bold="true" box="[189,426,267,293]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B961EAA65D2EFFF5FF63BE6A37D1807B" bold="true" box="[189,426,267,293]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA36B45D2EFFF5FF34BE5B330C8029" blockId="104.[189,1399,267,375]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">
<materialsCitation id="3B7D3CE95D2EFFF5FF34BE5B330C8029" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2577381620" collectingDate="2009-05-27" collectorName="Mal. &amp; Patrick Grootaert" country="Singapore" location="Semakau" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B961EAA65D2EFFF5FF34BE5B3727800A" bold="true" box="[234,348,314,340]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">
<typeStatus id="54AE88165D2EFFF5FF34BE5B3727800A" box="[234,348,314,340]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D13FD3D5D2EFFF5FEBABE5B3701800A" box="[356,378,314,340]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">♂</specimenCount>
<collectingCountry id="F30276245D2EFFF5FF63BE3C371D8029" box="[189,358,349,375]" name="Singapore" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">SINGAPORE</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCount id="9D13FD3D5D2EFFF5FEAFBE3C37E58029" box="[369,414,349,375]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<location id="8ECA606F5D2EFFF5FE75BE3C346C8029" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BC87A25D20FFF4FDBDB94D32018363:8ECA606F5D2EFFF5FE75BE3C346C8029" box="[427,535,349,375]" country="Singapore" name="Semakau" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Semakau</location>
(SMK01),
<date id="FFAB10745D2EFFF5FD42BE3C35408029" box="[668,827,349,375]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" value="2009-05-27">
<collectingDate id="EFEFE99C5D2EFFF5FD42BE3C35408029" box="[668,827,349,375]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" value="2009-05-27">27 May 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
, mangrove,
<collectorName id="26E053625D2EFFF5FC14BE3C327A8029" box="[970,1025,349,375]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Mal.</collectorName>
(reg. 29115, leg.
<collectorName id="26E053625D2EFFF5FB10BE3C33798029" box="[1230,1282,349,375]" name="Patrick Grootaert" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">P.G.</collectorName>
; in ZRC).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30F653F5D2EFFF5FF63BEFF376F8355" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BAA36B45D2EFFF5FF63BEFF373F80E6" blockId="104.[189,1398,414,523]" box="[189,324,414,440]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">
<heading id="D0E281D85D2EFFF5FF63BEFF373F80E6" bold="true" box="[189,324,414,440]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B961EAA65D2EFFF5FF63BEFF373F80E6" bold="true" box="[189,324,414,440]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA36B45D2EFFF5FF63BEAD376F8355" blockId="104.[189,1398,414,523]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">The species is named after Semakau Island that appears to have a very rich empidoid fauna (Grootaert, in litt.).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30F653F5D2EFFF5FF63BD5037478324" box="[189,342,561,634]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BAA36B45D2EFFF5FF63BD50372D8315" blockId="104.[189,342,561,634]" box="[189,342,561,587]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">
<heading id="D0E281D85D2EFFF5FF63BD50372D8315" bold="true" box="[189,342,561,587]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B961EAA65D2EFFF5FF63BD50372D8315" bold="true" box="[189,342,561,587]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA36B45D2EFFF5FF63BD0137478324" blockId="104.[189,342,561,634]" box="[189,316,608,634]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">
<collectingCountry id="F30276245D2EFFF5FF63BD0137438324" box="[189,312,608,634]" name="Singapore" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Singapore</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30F653F5D2EFFF5FF63BDC035BA83B4" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BAA36B45D2EFFF5FF63BDC0342E83E5" blockId="104.[189,961,673,746]" box="[189,597,673,699]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">
<heading id="D0E281D85D2EFFF5FF63BDC0342E83E5" bold="true" box="[189,597,673,699]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B961EAA65D2EFFF5FF63BDC0342E83E5" bold="true" box="[189,597,673,699]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Habitat and seasonal occurrence</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA36B45D2EFFF5FF63BDB135BA83B4" blockId="104.[189,961,673,746]" box="[189,961,720,746]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">This species occurs in mangroves, with a single record from May.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF6A663C5D2EFFF5FF63B8EB357386B5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3723750" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3723750" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3723750/files/figure.png" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" startId="104.[189,241,1930,1956]" targetBox="[220,1370,965,1866]" targetPageId="104">
<paragraph id="8BAA36B45D2EFFF5FF63B8EB357386B5" blockId="104.[189,1399,1930,2027]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">
<emphasis id="B961EAA65D2EFFF5FF63B8EB371F86FA" bold="true" box="[189,356,1930,1956]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Figs 156-160.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C154D375D2EFFF5FEB2B8EB340A86FA" authority="Grootaert &amp; Shamshev, 2012" authorityName="Grootaert &amp; Shamshev" authorityYear="2012" box="[364,625,1930,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Elaphropeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semakau" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B961EAA65D2EFFF5FEB2B8EB340A86FA" box="[364,625,1930,1956]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Elaphropeza semakau</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25257DD5D2EFFF5FDA4B8EA34A286FB" box="[634,729,1931,1957]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, ♂.
<emphasis id="B961EAA65D2EFFF5FCD3B8EB354286FA" bold="true" box="[781,825,1930,1956]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">156</emphasis>
. postpedicel and stylus of antenna, lateral view.
<emphasis id="B961EAA65D2EFFF5FF63B8CC36928699" bold="true" box="[189,233,1965,1991]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">157</emphasis>
. right epandrial lamella, lateral view.
<emphasis id="B961EAA65D2EFFF5FD6AB8CC349B8699" bold="true" box="[692,736,1965,1991]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">158</emphasis>
. epandrium with cerci, dorsal view.
<emphasis id="B961EAA65D2EFFF5FB47B8CC32BE8699" bold="true" box="[1177,1221,1965,1991]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">159</emphasis>
. left surstylus, lateral view.
<emphasis id="B961EAA65D2EFFF5FE8DB8B0370486B5" bold="true" box="[339,383,2001,2027]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">160</emphasis>
. tip of hypandrium, ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C30F653F5D2FFFF4FF63BE6A32018363" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BAA36B45D2FFFF4FF63BE6A3754807B" blockId="105.[189,303,267,293]" box="[189,303,267,293]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">
<heading id="D0E281D85D2FFFF4FF63BE6A3754807B" bold="true" box="[189,303,267,293]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B961EAA65D2FFFF4FF63BE6A3754807B" bold="true" box="[189,303,267,293]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA36B45D2FFFF4FF63BE5C32018363" blockId="105.[189,1399,317,574]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">
The new species is very similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C154D375D2FFFF4FD81BE5C34928009" authorityName="Shamshev &amp; Grootaert" authorityYear="2007" box="[607,745,317,343]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Elaphropeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminata">
<emphasis id="B961EAA65D2FFFF4FD81BE5C34928009" box="[607,745,317,343]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">E. feminata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differing from the latter only by the body size and the structure of the male terminalia.
<taxonomicName id="4C154D375D2FFFF4FD91BE02352C8023" authority="Grootaert &amp; Shamshev, 2012" authorityName="Grootaert &amp; Shamshev" authorityYear="2012" box="[591,855,355,381]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Elaphropeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semakau" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B961EAA65D2FFFF4FD91BE02352C8023" box="[591,855,355,381]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Elaphropeza semakau</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25257DD5D2FFFF4FCBFBE0535BB8020" box="[865,960,356,382]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is smaller (
<quantity id="4CED9B515D2FFFF4FB8ABE0232C88020" box="[1108,1203,355,382]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
vs.
<quantity id="4CED9B515D2FFFF4FB34BE02330C8020" box="[1258,1399,355,382]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="2.45" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.4">2.4-2.5 mm</quantity>
in
<taxonomicName id="4C154D375D2FFFF4FF00BEEB371380FA" authorityName="Shamshev &amp; Grootaert" authorityYear="2007" box="[222,360,394,420]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Elaphropeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminata">
<emphasis id="B961EAA65D2FFFF4FF00BEEB371380FA" box="[222,360,394,420]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">E. feminata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and in the new species the left surstylus is apically produced (with shallow notch in
<taxonomicName id="4C154D375D2FFFF4FF63BED0373C8094" authorityName="Shamshev &amp; Grootaert" authorityYear="2007" box="[189,327,432,458]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Elaphropeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminata">
<emphasis id="B961EAA65D2FFFF4FF63BED0373C8094" box="[189,327,432,458]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">E. feminata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), right epandrial lamella bears 4 short subapical spine-like setae, cerci are entirely fused forming single subrectangular lobe and, additionally, the apex of the hypandrium is covered with numerous spine-like setae. The females of
<taxonomicName id="4C154D375D2FFFF4FD70BE9F354E8349" authorityName="Shamshev &amp; Grootaert" authorityYear="2007" box="[686,821,509,535]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Elaphropeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminata">
<emphasis id="B961EAA65D2FFFF4FD70BE9F354E8349" box="[686,821,509,535]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">E. feminata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have modified abdominal segment 8 that may aid distinguish them from the females of
<taxonomicName id="4C154D375D2FFFF4FDABBD4534878363" authority="Grootaert &amp; Shamshev, 2012" authorityName="Grootaert &amp; Shamshev" authorityYear="2012" box="[629,764,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Elaphropeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semakau" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B961EAA65D2FFFF4FDABBD4534878363" box="[629,764,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">E. semakau</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25257DD5D2FFFF4FCDDBD4535258360" box="[771,862,548,574]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
once they are collected.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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