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<mods:title id="775C8758567B412A3A69EBD27AAF93BD">An updated classification of the jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) integrating molecular and morphological evidence</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D46FAF3248AB9E3F77161380D24B969C">Burckhardt, Daniel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E8D621B4D6332CB4812E9F90E65C61B0">Naturhistorisches Museum, Augustinergasse 2, 4001 Basel, Switzerland. ANSES, Plant Health Laboratory, Entomology and invasive plants unit, 755 avenue du campus Agropolis, CS 30016, 34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez Cedex, France. Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver V 6 T 1 Z 4, Canada.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="CE21D39C585E5E81FDB22180635B9BFA" type="email">daniel.burckhardt@bs.ch</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="258ED6E89E939A44C3B6472F18BBCA41">Ouvrard, David</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="0FF880C57072CB84A06D1E2BF14D9E05" type="email">david.ouvrard@anses.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="B9C96965D7632C3BA543B134F5319CE4">Percy, Diana M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="E231A19DF574EA701206B2BAC53BB696" type="email">diana.percy@ubc.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="AECFFD3EC0475F9DE0BD2D39FC8D2B6F">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="9FF6C6D71F63D3C9CEF22FE3E28CB0B1">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7CADBE0E6FBA91AC74B3843ED42CAA06">2021-03-05</mods:number>
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<treatment id="0C2387F6FFA2FF88FDB7873FFCE8FC39" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4598454" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180326784" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4598454" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0C2387F6FFA2FF88FDB7873FFCE8FC39" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0C2387F6FFA2FF88FDB7873FFCE8FC39" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="139" pageId="2" pageNumber="139">
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<subSubSection id="CC90656BFFA2FF89FDB7873FFBEFFAD5" box="[564,1024,1367,1393]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="843536E0FFA2FF89FDB7873FFBEFFAD5" blockId="2.[564,1024,1367,1393]" box="[564,1024,1367,1393]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139">
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Superfamily
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<taxonomicName id="438A4D63FFA2FF89FD4F873FFBEFFAD5" authority="Latreille, 1807" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1807" box="[716,1024,1367,1393]" class="Insecta" family="Psylloidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
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<emphasis id="B6FEEAF2FFA2FF89FD4F873FFCA4FAD5" bold="true" box="[716,843,1367,1393]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139">Psylloidea</emphasis>
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Latreille, 1807
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CC90656BFFA2FF88FF3E87F1FCE8FC39" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="140" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="843536E0FFA2FF88FF3E87F1FCE8FC39" blockId="2.[187,1400,1433,2025]" lastBlockId="3.[187,1401,265,925]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="140" pageId="2" pageNumber="139">
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<bibRefCitation id="E01B4B11FFA2FF89FF3E87F1FE7EFA17" author="Percy D. M. & Crampton-Platt A. & Sveinsson S. & Lemmon A. R. & Lemmon E. M. & Ouvrard D. & Burckhardt D." box="[189,401,1433,1459]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" pagination="762 - 776" refId="ref23641" refString="Percy D. M., Crampton-Platt A., Sveinsson S., Lemmon A. R., Lemmon E. M., Ouvrard D. & Burckhardt D. 2018. Resolving the psyllid tree of life: phylogenomic analyses of the superfamily Psylloidea (Hemiptera). Systematic Entomology 43: 762 - 776. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12302" type="journal article" year="2018">
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Percy
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<emphasis id="B6FEEAF2FFA2FF89FE8687F2FED9FA17" box="[261,310,1433,1459]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="139">et al</emphasis>
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. (2018)
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</bibRefCitation>
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presented two mitogenome (mtg) phylogenies that we refer to here as the AN tree (‘allnucleotide’ tree) and the CC tree (‘conserved-codon’ tree), as well as a much reduced taxon sampling using a nuclear genome analysis, and a combined mitochondrial and nuclear data analysis. Due to the greater taxon sampling for the mitogenome analyses, we refer mostly to these results here. The results of
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<bibRefCitation id="E01B4B11FFA2FF89FF5E844EFE4DF9E4" author="Cho G. & Malenovsky I. & Lee S." box="[221,418,1574,1601]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" pagination="638 - 651" refId="ref21613" refString="Cho G., Malenovsky I. & Lee S. 2019. Higher-level molecular phylogeny of jumping plant lice (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Psylloidea). Systematic Entomology 44 (3): 638 - 651. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12345" type="journal article" year="2019">
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Cho
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<emphasis id="B6FEEAF2FFA2FF89FE90844FFEAAF9E4" box="[275,325,1574,1600]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="139">et al</emphasis>
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. (2019)
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</bibRefCitation>
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are similar to the AN tree. In the main, analyses in
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<bibRefCitation id="E01B4B11FFA2FF89FC76844FFB22F9E4" author="Percy D. M. & Crampton-Platt A. & Sveinsson S. & Lemmon A. R. & Lemmon E. M. & Ouvrard D. & Burckhardt D." box="[1013,1229,1574,1601]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" pagination="762 - 776" refId="ref23641" refString="Percy D. M., Crampton-Platt A., Sveinsson S., Lemmon A. R., Lemmon E. M., Ouvrard D. & Burckhardt D. 2018. Resolving the psyllid tree of life: phylogenomic analyses of the superfamily Psylloidea (Hemiptera). Systematic Entomology 43: 762 - 776. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12302" type="journal article" year="2018">
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Percy
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<emphasis id="B6FEEAF2FFA2FF89FBBD844FFB9EF9E4" box="[1086,1137,1574,1600]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="139">et al</emphasis>
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. (2018)
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</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="E01B4B11FFA2FF89FA86844EFEE4F9C0" author="Cho G. & Malenovsky I. & Lee S." pageId="2" pageNumber="139" pagination="638 - 651" refId="ref21613" refString="Cho G., Malenovsky I. & Lee S. 2019. Higher-level molecular phylogeny of jumping plant lice (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Psylloidea). Systematic Entomology 44 (3): 638 - 651. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12345" type="journal article" year="2019">
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Cho
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<emphasis id="B6FEEAF2FFA2FF89FABF844FFA99F9E4" box="[1340,1398,1574,1600]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="139">et al.</emphasis>
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(2019)
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</bibRefCitation>
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had considerable congruence, with notable exceptions discussed below. Both mtg trees are similar and recover the same crown groups. The major difference lies in the basal groupings. The
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<taxonomicName id="438A4D63FFA2FF89FB668405FEAFF90E" authority="Low, 1879" authorityName="Low" authorityYear="1879" class="Insecta" family="Aphalaridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Aphalaridae Löw, 1879</taxonomicName>
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, as defined here, is a paraphyletic basal assemblage in the AN tree (also paraphyletic in
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<bibRefCitation id="E01B4B11FFA2FF89FF3E84DBFE91F96A" author="Cho G. & Malenovsky I. & Lee S." box="[189,382,1715,1742]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" pagination="638 - 651" refId="ref21613" refString="Cho G., Malenovsky I. & Lee S. 2019. Higher-level molecular phylogeny of jumping plant lice (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Psylloidea). Systematic Entomology 44 (3): 638 - 651. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12345" type="journal article" year="2019">
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Cho
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<emphasis id="B6FEEAF2FFA2FF89FF7A84DCFEDFF969" box="[249,304,1715,1741]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="139">et al</emphasis>
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. 2019
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</bibRefCitation>
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) and a poorly supported monophylum in the CC tree.
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<taxonomicName id="438A4D63FFA2FF89FB9884DBFA98F96A" authority="Crawford, 1911" authorityName="Crawford" authorityYear="1911" box="[1051,1399,1715,1742]" class="Insecta" family="Carsidaridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Carsidaridae Crawford, 1911</taxonomicName>
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(including
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<taxonomicName id="438A4D63FFA2FF89FEBF84BFFE24F955" authorityName="Riley" authorityYear="1885" box="[316,459,1751,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Aphalaridae" genus="Pachypsylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B6FEEAF2FFA2FF89FEBF84BFFE24F955" box="[316,459,1751,1777]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="139">Pachypsylla</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) and
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<taxonomicName id="438A4D63FFA2FF89FD8F84BFFC28F956" authority="Heslop-Harrison, 1958" authorityName="Heslop-Harrison" authorityYear="1958" box="[524,967,1751,1778]" class="Insecta" family="Homotomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
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Homotomidae
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<bibRefCitation id="E01B4B11FFA2FF89FD3884BFFC28F956" author="Heslop-Harrison G." box="[699,967,1751,1778]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" pagination="561 - 579" refId="ref21873" refString="Heslop-Harrison G. 1958. Subfamily separation in the Homopterous Psyllidae-III (a-c). Annals and Magazine of Natural History Series 13 1: 561 - 579. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222935808650984" type="journal article" year="1958">Heslop-Harrison, 1958</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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form a poorly supported sister group in the AN tree and a paraphyletic, basal assemblage in the CC tree. The former hypothesis (i.e., sister family relationship between
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<taxonomicName id="438A4D63FFA2FF89FD8F8576FD4FF89C" authorityName="Crawford" authorityYear="1911" box="[524,672,1822,1848]" class="Insecta" family="Carsidaridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Carsidaridae</taxonomicName>
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(without
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<taxonomicName id="438A4D63FFA2FF89FC918576FB6AF89C" authority="Crawford, 1914" authorityName="Crawford" authorityYear="1914" box="[786,1157,1822,1848]" class="Insecta" family="Aphalaridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pachypsyllinae">
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Pachypsyllinae
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<bibRefCitation id="E01B4B11FFA2FF89FC488576FB6AF89C" author="Crawford D. L." box="[971,1157,1822,1848]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" pagination="1 - 186" refId="ref21664" refString="Crawford D. L. 1914. A monograph of the jumping plant-lice or Psyllidae of the New world. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 85: 1 - 186. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.85.1" type="journal article" year="1914">Crawford, 1914</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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) and
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<taxonomicName id="438A4D63FFA2FF89FB458576FA9FF89D" authorityName="Heslop-Harrison" authorityYear="1958" box="[1222,1392,1822,1849]" class="Insecta" family="Homotomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Homotomidae</taxonomicName>
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) is supported by two putative morphological synapomorphies (
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<bibRefCitation id="E01B4B11FFA2FF89FC468529FAFCF8FF" author="Hollis D. & Broomfield P. S." box="[965,1299,1857,1883]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" pagination="131 - 183" refId="ref22179" refString="Hollis D. & Broomfield P. S. 1989. Ficus - feeding psyllids (Homoptera), with special reference to the Homotomidae. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology series 58: 131 - 183." type="book chapter" year="1989">Hollis & Broomfield 1989</bibRefCitation>
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) and is recovered with stronger support in the nuclear genome data in
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<bibRefCitation id="E01B4B11FFA2FF89FC20850DFB90F8DA" author="Percy D. M. & Crampton-Platt A. & Sveinsson S. & Lemmon A. R. & Lemmon E. M. & Ouvrard D. & Burckhardt D." box="[931,1151,1892,1919]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" pagination="762 - 776" refId="ref23641" refString="Percy D. M., Crampton-Platt A., Sveinsson S., Lemmon A. R., Lemmon E. M., Ouvrard D. & Burckhardt D. 2018. Resolving the psyllid tree of life: phylogenomic analyses of the superfamily Psylloidea (Hemiptera). Systematic Entomology 43: 762 - 776. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12302" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
|||
|
|
Percy
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B6FEEAF2FFA2FF89FC6D850DFBCDF8DA" box="[1006,1058,1892,1918]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="139">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. (2018)
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
as well as combined data in
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="E01B4B11FFA2FF89FE9085E0FE32F806" author="Cho G. & Malenovsky I. & Lee S." box="[275,477,1928,1954]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" pagination="638 - 651" refId="ref21613" refString="Cho G., Malenovsky I. & Lee S. 2019. Higher-level molecular phylogeny of jumping plant lice (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Psylloidea). Systematic Entomology 44 (3): 638 - 651. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12345" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
|||
|
|
Cho
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B6FEEAF2FFA2FF89FECA85E0FE93F806" box="[329,380,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="139">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. (2019)
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
. In both mtg trees, the
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="438A4D63FFA2FF89FD6585E0FB27F806" authority="Bekker-Migdisova, 1973" authorityName="Bekker-Migdisova" authorityYear="1973" box="[742,1224,1928,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Calophyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Mastigimatinae">
|
|||
|
|
Mastigimatinae
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="E01B4B11FFA2FF89FC2085E0FB27F806" author="Bekker-Migdisova E. E." box="[931,1224,1928,1954]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" pagination="90 - 118" refId="ref20719" refString="Bekker-Migdisova E. E. 1973. Sistema psillomorf (Psyllomorpha) i polozheriie gruppy v otryade ravnokrylykh (Homoptera). In: Narchuk E. P. (ed.) Doklady na dvadzat chetvertom escheghodnom chtenii pamyati N. A. Kholodovskogo: 90 - 118. Nauka, Leningrad. [In Russian.]" type="book chapter" year="1973">Bekker-Migdisova, 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
constitutes the sister group to a well supported (94%) clade comprising the
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="438A4D63FFA2FF89FC0C85C3FB94F861" authority="Low, 1879" authorityName="Low" authorityYear="1879" box="[911,1147,1963,1990]" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Liviidae Löw, 1879</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, as defined here, and the PTCD clade (
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="438A4D63FFA2FF89FE0C85A6FE10F84C" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1807" box="[399,511,1998,2024]" class="Insecta" family="Psyllidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Psyllidae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="438A4D63FFA2FF89FD8E85A6FCE7F84C" authority="Low, 1879" authorityName="Low" authorityYear="1879" box="[525,776,1998,2025]" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Triozidae Löw, 1879</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="438A4D63FFA2FF88FC9485A6FE97FE87" authority="Vondracek, 1957 sensu Burckhardt & Ouvrard (2012)" authorityName="Vondracek, 1957 sensu Burckhardt & Ouvrard" authorityYear="2012" class="Insecta" family="Carsidaridae" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="140" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Calophyinae">
|
|||
|
|
Calophyinae
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="E01B4B11FFA2FF89FC3785A6FB92F84D" author="Vondracek K." box="[948,1149,1998,2025]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" refId="ref24078" refString="Vondracek K. 1957. Mery-Psylloidea (Fauna CSR, Svazek 9). Ceskoslovenska Akademie Ved, Praha." type="book" year="1957">Vondráček, 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
sensu
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="E01B4B11FFA2FF88FB5185A6FE97FE87" author="Burckhardt D. & Ouvrard D." lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="140" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref21245" refString="Burckhardt D. & Ouvrard D. 2012. A revised classification of the jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea). Zootaxa 3509 (1): 1 - 34. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3509.1.1" type="journal article" year="2012">Burckhardt & Ouvrard (2012)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="438A4D63FFA3FF88FE058361FD63FE87" authority="Low, 1880" authorityName="Low" authorityYear="1880" box="[390,652,265,291]" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Diaphorina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B6FEEAF2FFA3FF88FE058361FDE0FE87" box="[390,527,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="140">Diaphorina</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Löw,1880
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="438A4D63FFA3FF88FD4A8361FBCAFE87" authority="Crawford, 1914" authorityName="Crawford" authorityYear="1914" box="[713,1061,265,291]" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Katacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B6FEEAF2FFA3FF88FD4A8361FCB0FE87" box="[713,863,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="140">Katacephala</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="E01B4B11FFA3FF88FCE58361FBCAFE87" author="Crawford D. L." box="[870,1061,265,291]" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" pagination="1 - 186" refId="ref21664" refString="Crawford D. L. 1914. A monograph of the jumping plant-lice or Psyllidae of the New world. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 85: 1 - 186. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.85.1" type="journal article" year="1914">Crawford, 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
). This grouping differs from that of
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="E01B4B11FFA3FF88FE908344FD9AFEE2" author="Burckhardt D. & Ouvrard D." box="[275,629,300,326]" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref21245" refString="Burckhardt D. & Ouvrard D. 2012. A revised classification of the jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea). Zootaxa 3509 (1): 1 - 34. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3509.1.1" type="journal article" year="2012">Burckhardt & Ouvrard (2012)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
who included
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="438A4D63FFA3FF88FCA68344FC33FEE2" authorityName="Bekker-Migdisova" authorityYear="1973" box="[805,988,300,326]" class="Insecta" family="Calophyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Mastigimatinae">Mastigimatinae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
in their artificial
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="438A4D63FFA3FF88FB298344FAADFEE2" authorityName="Vondracek" authorityYear="1957" box="[1194,1346,300,326]" class="Insecta" family="Calophyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Calophyidae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. For this reason,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="438A4D63FFA3FF88FED38327FDE8FECD" authorityName="Bekker-Migdisova" authorityYear="1973" box="[336,519,335,361]" class="Insecta" family="Calophyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Mastigimatinae">Mastigimatinae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is removed from
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="438A4D63FFA3FF88FD618327FC99FECD" authorityName="Vondracek" authorityYear="1957" box="[738,886,335,361]" class="Insecta" family="Calophyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Calophyidae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and given family rank here. This move is supported by
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="E01B4B11FFA3FF88FEDE831AFDCAFE29" author="Cho G. & Malenovsky I. & Lee S." box="[349,549,370,397]" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" pagination="638 - 651" refId="ref21613" refString="Cho G., Malenovsky I. & Lee S. 2019. Higher-level molecular phylogeny of jumping plant lice (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Psylloidea). Systematic Entomology 44 (3): 638 - 651. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12345" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
|||
|
|
Cho
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B6FEEAF2FFA3FF88FE16831BFE26FE28" box="[405,457,370,396]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="140">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. (2019)
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
although the phylogenetic placement of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="438A4D63FFA3FF88FB87831AFB55FE28" authorityName="Bekker-Migdisova" authorityYear="1973" box="[1028,1210,370,396]" class="Insecta" family="Calophyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Mastigimatinae">Mastigimatinae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is not identical. The
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="438A4D63FFA3FF88FF7783FEFEB6FE14" authorityName="Low" authorityYear="1879" box="[244,345,406,432]" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Liviidae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, as defined here, is a poorly supported monophylum in the AN tree and paraphyletic in the CC tree. It is also recovered as paraphyletic in combined data analyses in both
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="E01B4B11FFA3FF88FB1B83D2FA99FE77" author="Percy D. M. & Crampton-Platt A. & Sveinsson S. & Lemmon A. R. & Lemmon E. M. & Ouvrard D. & Burckhardt D." box="[1176,1398,441,468]" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" pagination="762 - 776" refId="ref23641" refString="Percy D. M., Crampton-Platt A., Sveinsson S., Lemmon A. R., Lemmon E. M., Ouvrard D. & Burckhardt D. 2018. Resolving the psyllid tree of life: phylogenomic analyses of the superfamily Psylloidea (Hemiptera). Systematic Entomology 43: 762 - 776. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12302" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
|||
|
|
Percy
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B6FEEAF2FFA3FF88FB6683D2FACEFE77" box="[1253,1313,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="140">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(2018)
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="E01B4B11FFA3FF88FF7383B4FE54FE52" author="Cho G. & Malenovsky I. & Lee S." box="[240,443,476,503]" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" pagination="638 - 651" refId="ref21613" refString="Cho G., Malenovsky I. & Lee S. 2019. Higher-level molecular phylogeny of jumping plant lice (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Psylloidea). Systematic Entomology 44 (3): 638 - 651. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12345" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
|||
|
|
Cho
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B6FEEAF2FFA3FF88FEA483B5FEB4FE52" box="[295,347,476,502]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="140">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. (2019)
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
. In both mtg trees, the PTCD clade is very strongly supported (100%) (consistent with
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="E01B4B11FFA3FF88FF7B8397FE40FDBE" author="Cho G. & Malenovsky I. & Lee S." box="[248,431,511,538]" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" pagination="638 - 651" refId="ref21613" refString="Cho G., Malenovsky I. & Lee S. 2019. Higher-level molecular phylogeny of jumping plant lice (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Psylloidea). Systematic Entomology 44 (3): 638 - 651. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12345" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
|||
|
|
Cho
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B6FEEAF2FFA3FF88FEAD8068FE8EFDBD" box="[302,353,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="140">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. 2019
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="438A4D63FFA3FF88FE708397FCBCFDBE" authority="Vondracek, 1957" authorityName="Vondracek" authorityYear="1957" box="[499,851,511,538]" class="Insecta" family="Calophyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
|
|||
|
|
Calophyidae
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="E01B4B11FFA3FF88FD0E8397FCBCFDBE" author="Vondracek K." box="[653,851,511,538]" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" refId="ref24078" refString="Vondracek K. 1957. Mery-Psylloidea (Fauna CSR, Svazek 9). Ceskoslovenska Akademie Ved, Praha." type="book" year="1957">Vondráček, 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(without
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="438A4D63FFA3FF88FC408397FB93FDBE" authorityName="Bekker-Migdisova" authorityYear="1973" box="[963,1148,511,538]" class="Insecta" family="Calophyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Mastigimatinae">Mastigimatinae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
) constitutes the sister taxon of the remainder of taxa in the PTCD clade with good (AN tree) or poor support (CC tree); notably, an alternative placement of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="438A4D63FFA3FF88FD80802EFD78FDC4" authorityName="Vondracek" authorityYear="1957" box="[515,663,582,608]" class="Insecta" family="Calophyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Calophyidae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
as sister to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="438A4D63FFA3FF88FCA1802EFC7EFDC4" authorityName="Low" authorityYear="1879" box="[802,913,582,608]" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Triozidae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(albeit with mixed support) in combined data analyses in both
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="E01B4B11FFA3FF88FE428002FD4FFD27" author="Percy D. M. & Crampton-Platt A. & Sveinsson S. & Lemmon A. R. & Lemmon E. M. & Ouvrard D. & Burckhardt D." box="[449,672,617,644]" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" pagination="762 - 776" refId="ref23641" refString="Percy D. M., Crampton-Platt A., Sveinsson S., Lemmon A. R., Lemmon E. M., Ouvrard D. & Burckhardt D. 2018. Resolving the psyllid tree of life: phylogenomic analyses of the superfamily Psylloidea (Hemiptera). Systematic Entomology 43: 762 - 776. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12302" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
|||
|
|
Percy
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B6FEEAF2FFA3FF88FD8D8002FDADFD27" box="[526,578,617,643]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="140">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. (2018)
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="E01B4B11FFA3FF88FD5E8001FC44FD27" author="Cho G. & Malenovsky I. & Lee S." box="[733,939,617,644]" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" pagination="638 - 651" refId="ref21613" refString="Cho G., Malenovsky I. & Lee S. 2019. Higher-level molecular phylogeny of jumping plant lice (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Psylloidea). Systematic Entomology 44 (3): 638 - 651. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12345" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
|||
|
|
Cho
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B6FEEAF2FFA3FF88FC9A8002FCA3FD27" box="[793,844,617,643]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="140">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. (2019)
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
serves to emphasise that phylogenetic placement within the PTCD clade awaits robust confirmation. The support of the monophyly of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="438A4D63FFA3FF88FA8E80E4FA96FD02" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1807" box="[1293,1401,652,678]" class="Insecta" family="Psyllidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Psyllidae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(including
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="438A4D63FFA3FF88FEBE80C7FE29FD6D" authorityName="Low" authorityYear="1880" box="[317,454,687,713]" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Diaphorina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B6FEEAF2FFA3FF88FEBE80C7FE29FD6D" box="[317,454,687,713]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="140">Diaphorina</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="438A4D63FFA3FF88FE7D80C7FD7BFD6D" authorityName="Crawford" authorityYear="1914" box="[510,660,687,713]" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Katacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B6FEEAF2FFA3FF88FE7D80C7FD7BFD6D" box="[510,660,687,713]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="140">Katacephala</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
) is good (AN tree) or poor (CC tree) and that of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="438A4D63FFA3FF88FB4F80C7FAD4FD6D" authorityName="Low" authorityYear="1879" box="[1228,1339,687,713]" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Triozidae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
very strong in both trees (99%). Again, due to ambiguity in the placement of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="438A4D63FFA3FF88FBA680BAFB41FD48" authorityName="Low" authorityYear="1880" box="[1061,1198,722,748]" class="Insecta" family="Liviidae" genus="Diaphorina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B6FEEAF2FFA3FF88FBA680BAFB41FD48" box="[1061,1198,722,748]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="140">Diaphorina</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
in the combined data analysis in
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="E01B4B11FFA3FF88FE05809EFD83FCB4" author="Percy D. M. & Crampton-Platt A. & Sveinsson S. & Lemmon A. R. & Lemmon E. M. & Ouvrard D. & Burckhardt D." box="[390,620,758,784]" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" pagination="762 - 776" refId="ref23641" refString="Percy D. M., Crampton-Platt A., Sveinsson S., Lemmon A. R., Lemmon E. M., Ouvrard D. & Burckhardt D. 2018. Resolving the psyllid tree of life: phylogenomic analyses of the superfamily Psylloidea (Hemiptera). Systematic Entomology 43: 762 - 776. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12302" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
|||
|
|
Percy
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B6FEEAF2FFA3FF88FE52809FFDE7FCB4" box="[465,520,758,784]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="140">et al</emphasis>
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. (2018)
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</bibRefCitation>
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, additional analyses will be required for robust confirmation. In summary, not all taxonomic groups recognized here are strongly supported as monophyla in all or any of the molecular analyses, in some cases we have erred on the side of providing a practical and stable classification, particularly where ambiguity in molecular analyses remains. A summary of family interrelationships adopted here is shown in
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<figureCitation id="1CB12A65FFA3FF88FD3881EAFCEEFC39" box="[699,769,898,925]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[193,1392,1003,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-339@3.[189,1398,999,1892]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Cladogram representation of the classification of Psylloidea Latreille, 1807 adopted here, node symbols indicate families with poor to moderate support (white), or strong support (black) in molecular analyses (Percy et al. 2018)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4594334" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4594334/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="140">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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