<documentID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697"ID-GBIF-Dataset="89be094e-6732-48a6-b5aa-74053d16f748"ID-PMC="PMC9633978"ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1066-1"ID-Pensoft-UUID="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A"ID-PubMed="36479134"ID-ZooBank="133CE040A5AF44F1BC9A558C2F06A8AA"ModsDocID="1313-2970-1066-1"checkinTime="1635480455043"checkinUser="pensoft"docAuthor="Filander, Zoleka N., Kitahara, Marcelo V., Cairns, Stephen D., Sink, Kerry J. & Lombard, Amanda T."docDate="2021"docId="134AB59BA961FD114C726C6C7432D76D"docLanguage="en"docName="ZooKeys 1066: 1-198"docOrigin="ZooKeys 1066"docPubDate="2021-10-28"docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697"docTitle="Rhizopsammia annae"docType="treatment"docVersion="4"id="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A"lastPageNumber="1"masterDocId="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A"masterDocTitle="Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from South Africa"masterLastPageNumber="198"masterPageNumber="1"pageNumber="1"updateTime="1732486004380"updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:affiliationid="520F7466A2D30BF68A6A5F8CA57B6F62">Biodiversity and Coastal Research, Oceans and Coasts, Department of Environment, Forestry, and Fisheries, Cape Town, South Africa & Zoology Department, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="26FBD66B7F0AAA46A34E738A426AC578">Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Ciencias do Mar, Santos, Brazil & Centro de Biologia Marinha, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Sebastiao, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
<mods:namePartid="361FCEB7291B9B9B9F5045FD2282EACB">Cairns, Stephen D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliationid="84012EBD8612CA17F3E124B40D36747C">Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="CEBC400B311594D958882857BEB6BB94">South African National Biodiversity Institute, Cape Town, South Africa & Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="A3863B915CACF55AF70AF094BE589E7C">Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
<taxonomicNameid="C69D25B65D9F99F69E8948B647F67057"ID-CoL="4SDDX"authority="(van der Horst, 1933)"baseAuthorityName="van der Horst"baseAuthorityYear="1933"class="Anthozoa"family="Dendrophylliidae"genus="Rhizopsammia"higherTaxonomySource="CoL"kingdom="Animalia"lsidName="Rhizopsammia annae"order="Scleractinia"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"phylum="Cnidaria"rank="species"species="annae">Rhizopsammia annae (van der Horst, 1933)</taxonomicName>
<figureCitationid="3FC489B0E70F8623C06C70BAC084E733"captionStart="Figure 10"captionStartId="F10"captionText="Figure 10. A, B Heteropsammia cochlea (ORI _ EIe 1, locality data unknown) A calicular view B lateral view C, D Heteropsammia eupsammides (ZMK, locality data unknown) C calicular view D calicular view E-H Pourtalopsammia togata E, F (SAM _ H 2829, off East London, 146 - 238 m) E calicular view F lateral view G, H (SAM _ H 2831, off Cintsa, 159 m) G calicular view H lateral view I, J Rhizopsammia annae (SAM _ H 1497, off the Agulhas, depth unknown) I calicular view J lateral view K, L Rhizopsammia compacta (SAMC _ A 073041, off Kosi Bay Estuary, 69 m) K calicular view L lateral view M, N Rhizopsammia verrilli (SAM _ H 1502, off Richards Bay, 165 m) M calicular view N lateral view O Tubastraea coccinea (ORI _ EIb 4, Isipingo; depth unknown) P Tubastraea sp. cf. Tubastraea diaphana (SAM _ H 5103, Cape Vidal, 59 m): Calicular view. Scale bars: 10 mm."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697.figure10"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604113"pageId="0"pageNumber="1">Fig. 10I, J</figureCitation>
<taxonomicNameid="F5ADEA0E4D53C5D8D4F8AB2C480BF9C6"authorityName="Van der Horst"authorityYear="1933"class="Anthozoa"family="Dendrophylliidae"genus="Balanophyllia"higherTaxonomySource="CoL"kingdom="Animalia"lsidName="Balanophyllia annae"order="Scleractinia"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"phylum="Cnidaria"rank="species"species="annae">Balanophyllia annae</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitationid="03FA1C66943BCCE787D047E6789799FC"author="Horst, van der C"journalOrPublisher="Records of the Indian Museum"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"refId="B136"refString="Horst, van der C, 1938. Balanophyllia from the Cape of Good Hope. Annals and Magazine of Natural History Series 11, 2: 139-145. https://doi.org/10.1080/03745481.1938.9755446"title="Balanophyllia from the Cape of Good Hope. Annals and Magazine of Natural History Series 11, 2: 139 - 145. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03745481.1938.9755446"year="1938">Horst 1938</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="507E740B59A1C99C649AD1CF291FF544"author="Boshoff, P"journalOrPublisher="Investigational Report"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"pagination="1 - 45"refId="B21"refString="Boshoff, P, 1981. An annotated checklist of southern African Scleractinia. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban. Investigational Report 49: 1 - 45"title="An annotated checklist of southern African Scleractinia. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban."volume="49"year="1981">Boshoff 1981</bibRefCitation>
<taxonomicNameid="42EE9ECA0375A7F96469AA640AB60804"baseAuthorityName="van der Horst"baseAuthorityYear="1933"class="Anthozoa"family="Dendrophylliidae"genus="Rhizopsammia"higherTaxonomySource="CoL"kingdom="Animalia"lsidName="Rhizopsammia annae"order="Scleractinia"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"phylum="Cnidaria"rank="species"species="annae">Rhizopsammia annae</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitationid="B1B54DCC23A8B2B09E4FC38D003B8DB8"author="Cairns, S"journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"pagination="213 - 292"refId="B50"refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292"title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology."volume="103"year="1993">Cairns and Keller 1993</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="6E73876197963579D606D70BDBDB6A0B"author="Cairns, S"journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"pagination="1 - 75"refId="B44"refString="Cairns, S, 2001. A generic revision and phylogenetic analysis of the Dendrophylliidae (Cnidaria: Scleractinia). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 615: 1 - 75"title="A generic revision and phylogenetic analysis of the Dendrophylliidae (Cnidaria: Scleractinia)."volume="615"year="2001">Cairns 2001</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="C7441A2494AE4C3AC3D291C1E754A4A2"author="Horst, van der C"journalOrPublisher="Records of the Indian Museum"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"refId="B136"refString="Horst, van der C, 1938. Balanophyllia from the Cape of Good Hope. Annals and Magazine of Natural History Series 11, 2: 139-145. https://doi.org/10.1080/03745481.1938.9755446"title="Balanophyllia from the Cape of Good Hope. Annals and Magazine of Natural History Series 11, 2: 139 - 145. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03745481.1938.9755446"year="1938">Horst 1938</bibRefCitation>
Reptoid colonies formed by ceratoid to cylindrical, straight to slightly curved corallites attached through a pedicel that expands into a thin encrusting base. Corallites united by narrow basal stolons. Calice circular to slightly elliptical (GCD:LCD = 1.0-1.2), calicular margin lanceted. Largest specimen examined (SAM_H1497) 6.3
5.3 mm in CD, and 13.4 mm in H. Epitheca variable in development: in some corallites epitheca reaches calicular margin, but in other corallites it is restricted to base. Costae conspicuous below theca, being equal in width and covered with fine, pointed, and randomly arranged granules. Intercostal striae porous and thin. Corallum white.
Septa hexamerally arranged in four cycles according to the formula: S1 ≥ S2> S4> S3 (≤ 48 septa). S1-2 independent. S1 most exsert, extending to columella with dentate axial margins. S2 slightly less exsert, sometimes slightly less wide, but otherwise similar in profile as S1. Higher cycle septa (S3-4) progressively less exsert, if at all. S3 is 1/3 the width of S2, with straight to slightly sinuous axial margins. S4
wider than S3, merging towards flanked S3 and again in front of S2 before joining columella as one septum. S4 axial margins the most dentate (but with fewer teeth). Septa commonly closely packed, with all septal faces being granular. Fossa of moderate depth, containing a spongy columella.
<paragraphid="CD6CE585AFDC808F1073BC20A93ED86F"pageId="0"pageNumber="1">Regional: Southern and eastern margin of South Africa, from Pringle Bay extending towards Richards Bay; 40-500 m. Elsewhere: Only known from South Africa.</paragraph>
<bibRefCitationid="19E65029E7B04B247182462B5C15BD43"author="Horst, van der C"journalOrPublisher="Coral Reefs"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"refId="B131"refString="Horst, van der C, 1922. The Madreporaria of the Siboga Expedition. Part III: Eupsammidae. Siboga-Expeditie 16c: 45-75."title="The Madreporaria of the Siboga Expedition. Part III: Eupsammidae. Siboga-Expeditie 16 c: 45 - 75."year="1922">Horst 1922</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="AFD5C83DC520789FDDC1AF90EA043821"author="Cairns, S"journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"pagination="1 - 150"refId="B37"refString="Cairns, S, 1994. Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 557: 1 - 150"title="Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific."volume="557"year="1994">; Cairns 1994</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="8922CEA840BC1A3FB71B9A053BCD0656"author="Cairns, S"journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris)"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"pagination="27 - 243"refId="B54"refString="Cairns, S, Zibrowius, H, 1997. Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris) 172: 27 - 243"title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions."volume="172"year="1997">Cairns and Zibrowius 1997</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="1AD7BCDBD87A2731BA1D621CEEBFE54F"author="Horst, van der C"journalOrPublisher="Coral Reefs"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"refId="B131"refString="Horst, van der C, 1922. The Madreporaria of the Siboga Expedition. Part III: Eupsammidae. Siboga-Expeditie 16c: 45-75."title="The Madreporaria of the Siboga Expedition. Part III: Eupsammidae. Siboga-Expeditie 16 c: 45 - 75."year="1922">
description of the species, apart from a couple of specimens (i.e., SAMC_A072994) that followed a divergent septa arrangement according to: S1> S3> S2> S4.
