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<document ID-CLB-Dataset= "58242" ID-DOI= "http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1172.103149" ID-GBIF-Dataset= "9ef7dab9-46e4-45cd-b783-c32bb3610750" ID-PMC= "PMC10398564" ID-Pensoft-Pub= "1313-2970-1172-155" ID-Pensoft-UUID= "CD2EE59B9D1956F398FE2EAE4C095952" ID-PubMed= "37547176" ID-ZooBank= "11525B8DBA164EC2A53207DF8F1000EC" ModsDocID= "1313-2970-1172-155" checkinTime= "1690511057590" checkinUser= "pensoft" docAuthor= "Aalbu, Rolf L., Kanda, Kojun, Merkl, Otto, Ivie, Michael A. & Johnston, M. Andrew" docDate= "2023" docId= "1E96E781476959AF910F266B1F67271B" docLanguage= "en" docName= "ZooKeys 1172: 155-202" docOrigin= "ZooKeys 1172" docPubDate= "2023-07-26" docSource= "http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1172.103149" docTitle= "Microcalcar Pic 1925" docType= "treatment" docVersion= "5" id= "CD2EE59B9D1956F398FE2EAE4C095952" lastPageNumber= "155" masterDocId= "CD2EE59B9D1956F398FE2EAE4C095952" masterDocTitle= "Reconstitution of some tribes and genera of Lagriinae (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae)" masterLastPageNumber= "202" masterPageNumber= "155" pageNumber= "155" updateTime= "1732606489500" updateUser= "ExternalLinkService" >
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<mods:title id= "B84B10649F7C1A9FEDC86F9C228A9012" > Reconstitution of some tribes and genera of Lagriinae (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id= "0A5832E3608471680D0D515C10A48915" > Aalbu, Rolf L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id= "A386A5ACF4A3355D8A39E214489FDDA0" > Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id= "EBA1E77E435FFB394547C71A9F95B80E" > Kanda, Kojun</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id= "E3702727F126C97C4F302A4277159ECD" > Merkl, Otto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id= "0508A8747902A8FD2EC9B328443918A1" > Ivie, Michael A.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id= "1E96E781476959AF910F266B1F67271B" ID-GBIF-Taxon= "212421167" LSID= "urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1E96E781476959AF910F266B1F67271B" httpUri= "http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E96E781476959AF910F266B1F67271B" lastPageNumber= "155" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" scope_family= "Tenebrionidae" scope_order= "Coleoptera" >
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<subSubSection id= "F381814E34D8CAD493D1B94F7B21A1A5" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" type= "nomenclature" >
<paragraph id= "26591F14B91C4DB26A8923C8C7E09FD6" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" >
Tribe
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<taxonomicName id= "A4F2A5D1F3CF808FFCAAAB530803C0B8" LSID= "1E96E781-4769-59AF-910F-266B1F67271B" authority= "Lacordaire, 1859" authorityName= "Pic" authorityYear= "1925" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Goniaderini" > Goniaderini Lacordaire, 1859</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id= "2954B04EE472903DB410A2D5F9A03283" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" type= "description" >
<paragraph id= "C4397FFCC9E32484B42853498DF3162C" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" >
<figureCitation id= "7DCA5A2D06DF721EFC8C78F67AE6E8DC" captionStart= "Figures 21– captionStartId= "F6" captionText= "Figures 21 - 28. Dorsal habitus of representatives of Goniaderini genera. 21) Aemymone cariosa Fairmaire 1873 22 Goniadera repanda (Fabricius, 1801) 23 Phymatestes spathifer Gebien, 1928 24 Spinolagriella sp. 25 Opatresthes quadrinodosus Gebien, 1928 26 Xanthicles caraboides Champion, 1886 27 Lyprochelyda sp. 28 Ancylopoma punctigera Pascoe, 1871, holotype. Scale bars: 1 mm (22, 26); 2 mm (19, 23 - 25); 5 mm (20, 21)." figureDoi= "10.3897/zookeys.1172.103149.figures21-28" httpUri= "https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/884417" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Figs 21-28</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id= "CC81A9AFDDC90CD294FEF500BC8BEEE8" captionStart= "Figure 29" captionStartId= "F7" captionText= "Figure 29. Dorsal habitus of holotype of Gamaxus hauxwellii Bates, 1868 [= Phymatestes brevicornis (Lacordaire, 1859)]. Scale bar: 2.5 mm." figureDoi= "10.3897/zookeys.1172.103149.figure29" httpUri= "https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/884418" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > , 29</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id= "9DC5F25ACE9F549983C9014E8FEDA9A0" captionStart= "Figures 30– captionStartId= "F8" captionText= "Figures 30 - 41. Dorsal habitus of species of Anaedus Blanchard, 1842 including species belonging to genera synonymized with Anaedus in this paper. 30 Anaedus punctatissimus Blanchard, 1842, type species of Anaedus 31 A. brunneus (Ziegler, 1844) 32 A. expansicollis Gebien, 1913, paratype 33 A. explanatus Pic, 1917 34 A. leleupi Ardoin, 1876, paratype 35 A. robusticollis Pic, 1921 36 A. notatus (Pic, 1923), syntype, type species of Microanaedus Pic, 1923 37 A. conradti (Gebien, 1921), originally described in Pseudanaedus Gebien, 1921 38 A. dilaticollis (Fairmaire, 1882), holotype, type species of Pseudolyprops Fairmaire, 1882 39 A. himalayicus (Kaszab, 1965), originally described in Spinolyprops Pic, 1917 40 A. serrimargo (Gebien, 1914), senior subjective synonym of Spinadaenus singularis Pic, 1921, the type species of Spinadaenus Pic, 1921. 41 A. nepalicus (Kaszab, 1975), originally described in Sphingocorse Gebien, 1921. Scale bars: 1 mm. Images lacking scale bars were produced by Otto Merkl and sizes of specimens were not recorded before he passed. Figs 36, 38 taken by Christophe Rivier (MNHN)." figureDoi= "10.3897/zookeys.1172.103149.figures30-41" httpUri= "https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/884419" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > , 30-41</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id= "B756AA8A108DF802EE0436AD3A1C9349" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" type= "type genus" >
<paragraph id= "AF0310A601F9CA54F2D695ED73B79175" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Type genus.</paragraph>
<paragraph id= "36490A60B82F2F43BDE2D484080E014C" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" >
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<taxonomicName id= "3B6CE19A822D240B7A2A4AC77124629F" authorityName= "Perty" authorityYear= "1832" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Goniadera" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Goniadera" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
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<emphasis id= "61855B54247315E87945952C91FCBCC9" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Goniadera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Perty, 1832.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id= "D6FEC0628CF97C85889BFB25F3C5616C" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" type= "description" >
<paragraph id= "41277C44AF2BE622DA5CF8084C0D7B8C" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id= "2F9E1657292383360E686CB1E322AB07" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Body length: 3-19 mm; stout to elongate, dorsoventrally flattened to having elytra strongly inflated, glabrous or setose. Most species are unicolored, some are bicolored (e.g., pronotum and elytra with different coloration) or have patterned elytra.</paragraph>
<paragraph id= "37F3DAB0B23D0D2412EF97D349BD4942" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" >
<emphasis id= "2B1D280E75C20A99565DA2DBD3D7B1C7" bold= "true" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Head</emphasis>
: Eyes reniform, anteriorly notched by canthus, rarely completely divided. Antennae moderately long, usually reaching past base of pronotum; antennomeres obconical to filiform.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id= "38FCAF723125A9A74EEB788CBD14E31D" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" >
<emphasis id= "5298174ACA9F575AB968AFC57D557AA6" bold= "true" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Thorax</emphasis>
: Pronotum shape variable, usually cordate, constricted at base, sometimes quadrate to rectangular. Lateral margins complete. Procoxae clearly separated by prosternal process. Mesocoxal cavity laterally closed, at least partially, by mesepimeron. Elytra striate or not. Metathoracic wings well developed (in all species examined by us). Legs slender, not fossorial, penultimate tarsomeres lobed or cupuliform.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id= "22771413D796FB506486C8DAC2D0B57C" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" >
<emphasis id= "6C96E755639BA32821448A858175BC9E" bold= "true" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Abdomen</emphasis>
: Intersegmental membranes visible between sternites V-VII, abdominal hinging tenebrionoid. Defensive glands absent. Ovipositor either stout with four distinct gonocoxites and terminal gonocoxite digitate or greatly reduced with gonocoxites fused (e.g.,
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<taxonomicName id= "38E8A1473CA8694924C0969E09EF2527" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Anaedus" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Anaedus punctatus" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "species" species= "punctatus" >
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<emphasis id= "AAFC54F4595AA4629B0262CC35994CA0" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Anaedus punctatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Carter, 1914) see
<bibRefCitation id= "20ADE818F7013EF28762454A1CE6F933" author= "Matthews, EG" journalOrPublisher= "Invertebrate Taxonomy" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" refId= "B93" refString= "Matthews, EG, Bouchard, P, 2008. Tenebrionid beetles of Australia: descriptions of tribes, keys to genera, catalogue of species. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra, viii + 398 pp." title= "Tenebrionid beetles of Australia: descriptions of tribes, keys to genera, catalogue of species. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra, viii + 398 pp." year= "2008" > Matthews and Bouchard 2008</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id= "8D467B4F7B81FD8BFBA82A74F2526FFA" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" type= "diagnosis" >
<paragraph id= "93EB85C683FF6E5D5A907D9933A9B7BE" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id= "8FFF6244094720BA6D6E62D12494AD4B" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" >
<taxonomicName id= "2BAD986F15F370E00C0CD45741A9CC3F" authorityName= "Lacordaire" authorityYear= "1859" lsidName= "" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Goniaderini" > Goniaderini</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id= "8CF18663F7AB69B8DDDA1A92F47EE1DB" lsidName= "" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Lupropini" > Lupropini</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id= "837E46A8B65A5D813C1665192F05DB98" lsidName= "" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Prateini" > Prateini</taxonomicName>
by having the mesocoxal cavities laterally open (i.e., laterally, at least partially closed by mesepimeron) and abdominal defensive glands absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id= "63CEE8981BEC1B46E0EE7B5846A9F775" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" >
In
<taxonomicName id= "223D1BB431A1AEC7494C7DA2389277C0" authorityName= "Latreille" authorityYear= "1825" lsidName= "" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "subFamily" subFamily= "Lagriinae" > Lagriinae</taxonomicName>
, this combination of characters is shared with
<taxonomicName id= "12F13630A4A895E3A57F32DEBB448A6A" authorityName= "Reitter" authorityYear= "1917" lsidName= "" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Belopini" > Belopini</taxonomicName>
Reitter, 1917,
<taxonomicName id= "2A71DCE14BE6643691269205836633FE" authorityName= "Doyen, Matthews & Lawrence" authorityYear= "1990" lsidName= "" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Chaerodini" > Chaerodini</taxonomicName>
Doyen, Matthews & Lawrence, 1990,
<taxonomicName id= "C0D410338E8B51D2FDBC3EF6EF7DE49A" authorityName= "Blaisdell" authorityYear= "1906" lsidName= "" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Eschatoporini" > Eschatoporini</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id= "FAB7230A47699939C04B5860F0FF4A9E" authorityName= "Seidlitz" authorityYear= "1895" lsidName= "" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Laenini" > Laenini</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id= "EB029B5270A6260CCD9D2065FA5E374A" captionStart= "Figure 1" captionStartId= "F1" captionText= "Figure 1. Phylogeny of Lagriinae from Aalbu et al. (2017) with revised generic names, tribal classification, and diagnostic morphological characters. Prev [ious]. Tribal Placement: COS = Cossyphini, BEL = Belopini, ADE = Adeliini, LAG = Lagriini, CHA = Chaerodini, LUP = Lupropini, GON = Goniaderini, PYC = Pycnocerini, LAE = Laenini. Defensive glands: location and number of abdominal defensive gland reservoirs: 8 / 9, paired = a pair of gland reservoirs with openings between abdominal sternites 8 and 9; 7 / 8, paired = a pair of gland reservoirs with openings between abdominal sternites 7 and 8; 7 / 8, single = single gland reservoir with opening between abdominal sternites VII and VIII. Mesocox [al]. Closure: Closed = lateral arms of meso- and metaventrites touching laterad of mesocoxa; Open = lateral arms not touching." figureDoi= "10.3897/zookeys.1172.103149.figure1" httpUri= "https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/884412" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > 1</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id= "C785AE43C3A47BB892B4520731EEBAF0" authorityName= "Lacordaire" authorityYear= "1859" lsidName= "" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Goniaderini" > Goniaderini</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from these tribes as follows.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id= "CC193A72540255F1E280BB90C03231AA" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" >
In
<taxonomicName id= "4CAB9CB115D7597CC79A892C079C2763" authorityName= "Reitter" authorityYear= "1917" lsidName= "" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Belopini" > Belopini</taxonomicName>
, abdominal hinging between sternites V-VII is medial (tentyrioid hinging), and no intersegmental membrane is visible between the sternites; the aedeagus is oriented so the tegmen is ventral, as in the majority of
<taxonomicName id= "7F6256623C88DFA46625FFA637BA80D4" lsidName= "" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "subFamily" subFamily= "Pimeliinae" > Pimeliinae</taxonomicName>
; penultimate tarsomeres are not lobed or cupuliform.
<taxonomicName id= "96BF4624FEC83CE09763E88E2C5BF211" authorityName= "Lacordaire" authorityYear= "1859" lsidName= "" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Goniaderini" > Goniaderini</taxonomicName>
has lateral abdominal hinging between sternites V-VII (tenebrionoid hinging), and the intersegmental membranes between these segments are visible; aedeagus is oriented so the tegmen is dorsal; penultimate tarsomere is either lobed or cupuliform.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id= "25D79EE1405AA6D0C6F4FAA39DD01933" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" >
<taxonomicName id= "6E8735933116628AB19CE4584C53A414" authorityName= "Doyen, Matthews & Lawrence" authorityYear= "1990" lsidName= "" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Chaerodini" > Chaerodini</taxonomicName>
contains just two genera found on sandy shores in Australia and New Zealand. They exhibit features typical of psammophiles, including having a globose body, fossorial protibiae, and shortened antennae.
<taxonomicName id= "B9E5B8AD23AEF1ADA61192EC67C3D587" authorityName= "Doyen, Matthews & Lawrence" authorityYear= "1990" lsidName= "" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Chaerodini" > Chaerodini</taxonomicName>
also has an antennal club composed of five antennomeres and very reduced ovipositors that lack apical gonostyli.
<taxonomicName id= "F607C97EBF79447316B3A9DDAB073FE8" authorityName= "Lacordaire" authorityYear= "1859" lsidName= "" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Goniaderini" > Goniaderini</taxonomicName>
is not globose, at most only the elytra are inflated; protibiae are not fossorial; and antennae extend past the anterior margin of the pronotum and are not clubbed. The ovipositor is shortened and reduced in some groups (e.g.,
2024-11-30 19:34:15 +01:00
<taxonomicName id= "C02A31ABC25CAB525B6589DFBFECCF99" authorityName= "Blanchard" authorityYear= "1842" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Anaedus" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Anaedus" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
2024-06-21 12:30:59 +02:00
<emphasis id= "196E18C46FB0C7A22FF3D5E2C2B6CE82" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Anaedus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Blanchard, 1842), but gonostyli are always present.
</paragraph>
<caption id= "7D37612EDFD7A3F19D25B71DD06A3559" doi= "10.3897/zookeys.1172.103149.figures21-28" httpUri= "https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/884417" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" start= "Figures 21– startId= "F6" >
<paragraph id= "EDE4A149278B3CE154475361382941A9" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" >
<emphasis id= "A0633A6BE51AB5122DCAF625BA97D729" bold= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Figures 21-28.</emphasis>
Dorsal habitus of representatives of
<taxonomicName id= "30CE57CF26D829396A89083E5E88AA44" authorityName= "Lacordaire" authorityYear= "1859" lsidName= "" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Goniaderini" > Goniaderini</taxonomicName>
genera.
<emphasis id= "1143CC1A7C649CBE81848CC20BF2B011" bold= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > 21</emphasis>
)
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<taxonomicName id= "DAD85185B24AF8797B4E014126373C18" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Aemymone" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Aemymone cariosa" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "species" species= "cariosa" >
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<emphasis id= "5EC371448D8B96B5CAFFA0206A5DD4F0" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Aemymone cariosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id= "0CA8E1EE6BD4295B6C41044AB042ED0A" author= "Fairmaire, L" journalOrPublisher= "Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" pagination= "531 - 535" refId= "B40" refString= "Fairmaire, L, 1873. Description de quelques Coleopteres Heteromeres de la partie australe de l'Amerique. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova 4: 531 - 535" title= "Description de quelques Coleopteres Heteromeres de la partie australe de l'Amerique." volume= "4" year= "1873" > Fairmaire 1873</bibRefCitation>
<emphasis id= "A22973A38C7593DEB53BB3D1F2CC06FB" bold= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > 22</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id= "49C7982F6D771A2590B632EB776E78A9" baseAuthorityName= "Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear= "1801" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Goniadera" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Goniadera repanda" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "species" species= "repanda" >
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<emphasis id= "0CD4A80FB78A0E4C50A7164234351EC5" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Goniadera repanda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fabricius, 1801)
<emphasis id= "397C9E00AD6FBF6F202C9F74B7DA8D64" bold= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > 23</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id= "B57D09991CF2CEAB8B6FAB4E13CB8448" authorityName= "Gebien" authorityYear= "1928" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Phymatestes" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Phymatestes spathifer" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "species" species= "spathifer" >
2024-06-21 12:30:59 +02:00
<emphasis id= "42EBA34797BC1602AC1CAF37D1035520" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Phymatestes spathifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Gebien, 1928
<emphasis id= "68AD1572CE87DEB81F183F700690EDBA" bold= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > 24</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id= "ADD6E7AFC30EC5D97847BD221F11815A" authorityName= "Pic" authorityYear= "1955" class= "Insecta" genus= "Spinolagriella" higherTaxonomySource= "GBIF" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Spinolagriella" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "genus" >
2024-06-21 12:30:59 +02:00
<emphasis id= "EEEBB45AA1B58A0CF0862E804160E31C" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Spinolagriella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.
<emphasis id= "DCC3308F7D431AE3442A9115D750CC47" bold= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > 25</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id= "35798DCBE0B95549F502F28D488E83BC" authorityName= "Gebien" authorityYear= "1928" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Opatresthes" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Opatresthes quadrinodosus" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "species" species= "quadrinodosus" >
2024-06-21 12:30:59 +02:00
<emphasis id= "D65EFDA1C753AA357DC68905FA5BCF37" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Opatresthes quadrinodosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Gebien, 1928
<emphasis id= "5D814510A50225B8E26B5415EDD61EE8" bold= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > 26</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id= "310893E1E10281A075CFB96E0BEA5554" authorityName= "Champion" authorityYear= "1886" class= "Insecta" genus= "Xanthicles" higherTaxonomySource= "GBIF" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Xanthicles caraboides" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "species" species= "caraboides" >
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<emphasis id= "BD6814D42567A5553F909D1909D4AF1B" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Xanthicles caraboides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Champion, 1886
<emphasis id= "82F9ADEB3976E98307F03459ECDD053A" bold= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > 27</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id= "B4AAE7B6058666A44090DAE8F9A1DC0A" authorityName= "Fairmaire" authorityYear= "1899" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Lyprochelyda" higherTaxonomySource= "GBIF" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Lyprochelyda" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
<emphasis id= "B886643702E430D7A8E26E7C0F740835" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Lyprochelyda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.
<emphasis id= "140EDB19E9FFFB4CBDC2310DE5562EB0" bold= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > 28</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id= "07A394E3B14DD78CD275C362C0E5C987" authorityName= "Pascoe" authorityYear= "1871" class= "Insecta" genus= "Ancylopoma" higherTaxonomySource= "GBIF" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Ancylopoma punctigera" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "species" species= "punctigera" >
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<emphasis id= "4CE8BC6A059861F91D5E9019C7174F25" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Ancylopoma punctigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Pascoe, 1871, holotype. Scale bars: 1 mm (
<emphasis id= "6611C83590BCEC7D0DB707C67E0911BC" bold= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > 22, 26</emphasis>
); 2 mm (
<emphasis id= "8226F1C4C7E16D39B47648D2CF60DCE7" bold= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > 19, 23-25</emphasis>
); 5 mm (
<emphasis id= "3CBD0B724AF5E8B977B0BEFB240EFF5A" bold= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > 20, 21</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id= "A932296E3F5AE1C88934F482EB7F0289" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" >
<taxonomicName id= "E601200C6846F02049D8B6ABEA5BBFAC" authorityName= "Blaisdell" authorityYear= "1906" lsidName= "" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Eschatoporini" > Eschatoporini</taxonomicName>
contains just one genus with two species restricted to Northern California. These species inhabit caves with natural water and are sometimes found at entrances to underground springs. The eyes are completely absent.
<taxonomicName id= "7169BDF0CC78F2D2FD46BA02048C8B54" authorityName= "Lacordaire" authorityYear= "1859" lsidName= "" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Goniaderini" > Goniaderini</taxonomicName>
possesses well-developed reniform eyes. Although
<taxonomicName id= "68960AB3B718C1138103F6D04EAE9586" authorityName= "Blaisdell" authorityYear= "1906" lsidName= "" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Eschatoporini" > Eschatoporini</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id= "BA3EDD3EFD7ECBBA1EB697A0DADEDAA3" authorityName= "Lacordaire" authorityYear= "1859" lsidName= "" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Goniaderini" > Goniaderini</taxonomicName>
both lack sternal defensive glands, the former possesses a pair of cuticular sac-like reservoirs between tergites VII and VIII. This character seems to be unique within
<taxonomicName id= "9C4D93DC0A90312224B541555CE50E89" authorityName= "Latreille" authorityYear= "1802" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" higherTaxonomySource= "GBIF" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "family" > Tenebrionidae</taxonomicName>
, and their function is unknown (
<bibRefCitation id= "7624B98E9D4C1B89767E8168FCDBFF97" DOI= "https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.688.13575" author= "Aalbu, RL" journalOrPublisher= "ZooKeys" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" pagination= "135 - 149" refId= "B1" refString= "Aalbu, RL, Kanda, K, Smith, AD, 2017. Reinstatement of Eschatoporini Blaisdell, 1906, a unique tribe of blind cavernicolous Tenebrionidae from California, with a new species from Napa County (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae, Lagriinae). ZooKeys 688: 135 - 149, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.688.13575" title= "Reinstatement of Eschatoporini Blaisdell, 1906, a unique tribe of blind cavernicolous Tenebrionidae from California, with a new species from Napa County (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae, Lagriinae)." url= "https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.688.13575" volume= "688" year= "2017" > Aalbu et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id= "59A2146F7890F718D7792350FF658E86" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" >
Most
<taxonomicName id= "2406F7BF7F1AB5E0648979AF59D20367" authorityName= "Seidlitz" authorityYear= "1895" lsidName= "" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Laenini" > Laenini</taxonomicName>
has small, rounded eyes that are not anteriorly notched by the epistomal canthus; body shape elongate, semi cylindrical but with strong constriction between thorax and abdomen making thorax rounded and abdomen elongate rounded; all species are apterous.
<taxonomicName id= "24A31144AADB3C166C8B56BEC5804239" authorityName= "Lacordaire" authorityYear= "1859" lsidName= "" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Goniaderini" > Goniaderini</taxonomicName>
has reniform eyes that are anteriorly notched by the epistomal canthus and although the body shape is highly variable, all examined species are winged.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id= "ED688F62203C23CFECE0CFE332ADA12B" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" type= "genera included" >
<paragraph id= "754A178CA63AA9030266A3BB308F2927" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Genera included.</paragraph>
<paragraph id= "8529AC11CAF0DA9CC7979F8F0A2EF298" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" >
<taxonomicName id= "8A730BCB6ACBF690C3D09BAAAF0C0A8B" authorityName= "Maklin" authorityYear= "1875" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Acropachia" higherTaxonomySource= "GBIF" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Acropachia" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
<emphasis id= "6D3CAD17A76D90F68AB8FDD1B975F83A" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Acropachia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
*
<normalizedToken id= "60F9B503CC758A75AC2C1A86200B3D89" originalValue= "Mäklin" > Maeklin</normalizedToken>
, 1875,
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<taxonomicName id= "8D5445B0C0EE1D8353521F6CED4B2DBA" authorityName= "Bates" authorityYear= "1868" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Aemymone" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Aemymone" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
2024-06-21 12:30:59 +02:00
<emphasis id= "7F4C8B0E1F29B6659790640D10D22810" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Aemymone</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Bates, 1868,
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<taxonomicName id= "54082DD50E15FC73F8F46968871BED97" authorityName= "Blanchard" authorityYear= "1842" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Anaedus" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Anaedus" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
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<emphasis id= "0DE942ECCCD65455723147C12BCBBBE3" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Anaedus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Blanchard, 1842,
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<taxonomicName id= "994648CFDC62A87DF3B61E96AFCD6789" authorityName= "Pascoe" authorityYear= "1871" class= "Insecta" genus= "Ancylopoma" higherTaxonomySource= "GBIF" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Ancylopoma" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "genus" >
2024-06-21 12:30:59 +02:00
<emphasis id= "044AD6E9375C087080608C803B63E2B4" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Ancylopoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Pascoe, 1871,
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<taxonomicName id= "4D95EC20D88371C7C2760F09C22F4DA8" authorityName= "Perty" authorityYear= "1832" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Goniadera" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Goniadera" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
2024-06-21 12:30:59 +02:00
<emphasis id= "E28542638746C846F20DDF4D254745FD" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Goniadera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Perty, 1832,
<taxonomicName id= "0C9CE2EB7925EFDCC243ABC1DE75A2FB" authorityName= "Fairmaire" authorityYear= "1899" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Lyprochelyda" higherTaxonomySource= "GBIF" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Lyprochelyda" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
<emphasis id= "76E16747F6441108A4292BCC52521B58" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Lyprochelyda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Fairmaire, 1899,
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<taxonomicName id= "BF5709954BE82D2D224ACCB7C829E012" authorityName= "Pic" authorityYear= "1917" class= "Insecta" genus= "Microgoniadera" higherTaxonomySource= "GBIF" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Microgoniadera" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "genus" >
2024-06-21 12:30:59 +02:00
<emphasis id= "2CD3A624EC9C0802C0C1DAC10F63247C" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Microgoniadera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
* Pic, 1917a,
<taxonomicName id= "0A55609A03C4444CE7D12F701A8CAD4D" authorityName= "Kaszab" authorityYear= "1973" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Myrmecopeltoides" higherTaxonomySource= "GBIF" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Myrmecopeltoides" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
<emphasis id= "DC162B6B45D412C1961E306488580335" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Myrmecopeltoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Kaszab, 1973,
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<taxonomicName id= "5547484BDD3174A68F081B7FA6160796" authorityName= "Gebien" authorityYear= "1928" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Opatresthes" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Opatresthes" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
2024-06-21 12:30:59 +02:00
<emphasis id= "A86245C5E61BF8D5E8D8BE4BD8F34652" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Opatresthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Gebien, 1928,
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<taxonomicName id= "FF828045BC90DFD1BF8CD7CC5DE84368" authorityName= "Pascoe" authorityYear= "1866" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Phymatestes" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Phymatestes" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
2024-06-21 12:30:59 +02:00
<emphasis id= "C0A51A9DD22DA491E71AB1DDFBD88BA7" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Phymatestes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Pascoe, 1866,
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<taxonomicName id= "B34326BF93A4C3B58DE4108EA86AF961" authorityName= "Pic" authorityYear= "1955" class= "Insecta" genus= "Spinolagriella" higherTaxonomySource= "GBIF" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Spinolagriella" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "genus" >
2024-06-21 12:30:59 +02:00
<emphasis id= "A2C9C73E5BC51350DD88D59B841802A0" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Spinolagriella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Pic, 1955, and
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<taxonomicName id= "BFD04D1B1B11212ADD6BFB3A2A7276C5" authorityName= "Champion" authorityYear= "1886" class= "Insecta" genus= "Xanthicles" higherTaxonomySource= "GBIF" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Xanthicles" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "genus" >
2024-06-21 12:30:59 +02:00
<emphasis id= "F7626E19ACE0F90AE07D60AD09DB8208" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Xanthicles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Champion, 1886.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id= "1EE0D91C0C4E064BC6972D7C071542F8" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" type= " >
<paragraph id= "F0C4C840C53F51C9A85BEAE84096D39C" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" >
Taxonomic changes among
<taxonomicName id= "AF9E10551E1D0C629F22A23D0A939FA9" authorityName= "Lacordaire" authorityYear= "1859" lsidName= "" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Goniaderini" > Goniaderini</taxonomicName>
genera
</paragraph>
<paragraph id= "7F26ACB6000F1B0E3DE824E94E974F67" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" >
<bibRefCitation id= "D34FD08E8ECACD35A6733142BC0B7B73" author= "Ferrer, J" journalOrPublisher= "Annales Zoologici (Warszawa)" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" pagination= "275 - 306" publicationUrl= "https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/miiz/annales/2007/00000057/00000002/art00011" refId= "B49" refString= "Ferrer, J, Delatour, T, 2007. Revision des genres Goniadera Perty, 1830 et Microgoniadera Pic, 1913 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Lagriinae: Goniaderini). Annales Zoologici (Warszawa) 57: 275 - 306, https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/miiz/annales/2007/00000057/00000002/art00011" title= "Revision des genres Goniadera Perty, 1830 et Microgoniadera Pic, 1913 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Lagriinae: Goniaderini)." url= "https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/miiz/annales/2007/00000057/00000002/art00011" volume= "57" year= "2007" > Ferrer and Delatour (2007)</bibRefCitation>
revised the genera
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<taxonomicName id= "7717678B63395009E8B41A8AD9080C8B" authorityName= "Perty" authorityYear= "1832" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Goniadera" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Goniadera" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
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<emphasis id= "1E08345F24BD4ABDCE7C9C54C30157AF" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Goniadera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
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<taxonomicName id= "43389E72494C0E3BE9FBBA4E0193B1EA" authorityName= "Pic" authorityYear= "1917" class= "Insecta" genus= "Microgoniadera" higherTaxonomySource= "GBIF" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Microgoniadera" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "genus" >
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<emphasis id= "69D08CC8588E8DDDAA227E086EA87E06" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Microgoniadera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and placed both
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<taxonomicName id= "FD14F2A389A71566483D50067A8AE14D" authorityName= "Bates" authorityYear= "1868" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Aemymone" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Aemymone" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
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<emphasis id= "6A692511EAAAFF637DC988A813663D4C" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Aemymone</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
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<taxonomicName id= "A8286B7C99DBA5589A5A68A05AA4D0A3" authorityName= "Gebien" authorityYear= "1928" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Opatresthes" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Opatresthes" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
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<emphasis id= "63FB5AA5FD6622FA9E4869BC235C7AF1" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Opatresthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as subgenera of
2024-11-30 19:34:15 +01:00
<taxonomicName id= "9B61AED6454CB00EBA4B6392660AAB22" authorityName= "Perty" authorityYear= "1832" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Goniadera" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Goniadera" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
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<emphasis id= "7D40988E0C23A3446ED75C88B9C25A01" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Goniadera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
mainly based on external surface characters. The characters listed in the former work to diagnose the tribe
<taxonomicName id= "B095FE72ACDDCEFF4CB3EFB706252126" authorityName= "Lacordaire" authorityYear= "1859" lsidName= "" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Goniaderini" > Goniaderini</taxonomicName>
included mostly generalized lagriine or other variable characters. Their tribal concept also included
<taxonomicName id= "5C2AF08468368602E4B7D4F627E8FA42" authorityName= "Blaisdell" authorityYear= "1906" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Eschatoporis" higherTaxonomySource= "GBIF" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Eschatoporis" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
<emphasis id= "4ADD56B5D179088E51AFCAB842093489" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Eschatoporis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id= "DAE595503002BECDE627009F4F1FFCEF" authorityName= "Blaisdell" authorityYear= "1906" lsidName= "" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Eschatoporini" > Eschatoporini</taxonomicName>
, see
<bibRefCitation id= "AE0B1A85B25A27ADBFEFEBF55B8B7D0B" DOI= "https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.688.13575" author= "Aalbu, RL" journalOrPublisher= "ZooKeys" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" pagination= "135 - 149" refId= "B1" refString= "Aalbu, RL, Kanda, K, Smith, AD, 2017. Reinstatement of Eschatoporini Blaisdell, 1906, a unique tribe of blind cavernicolous Tenebrionidae from California, with a new species from Napa County (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae, Lagriinae). ZooKeys 688: 135 - 149, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.688.13575" title= "Reinstatement of Eschatoporini Blaisdell, 1906, a unique tribe of blind cavernicolous Tenebrionidae from California, with a new species from Napa County (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae, Lagriinae)." url= "https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.688.13575" volume= "688" year= "2017" > Aalbu et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
). No other genus was mentioned other than
2024-11-30 19:34:15 +01:00
<taxonomicName id= "887419A0631D04FF10629C3DEC4A1366" authorityName= "Pic" authorityYear= "1917" class= "Insecta" genus= "Microgoniadera" higherTaxonomySource= "GBIF" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Microgoniadera" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "genus" >
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<emphasis id= "F9D4E87592B5C5C4466CCA4788D831E2" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Microgoniadera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which was separated in their key as a distinct species based only on size. They did not consider
2024-11-30 19:34:15 +01:00
<taxonomicName id= "979C7864FE4F013E825C3D9F6C55DC41" authorityName= "Blanchard" authorityYear= "1842" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Anaedus" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Anaedus" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
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<emphasis id= "D72A76706194B814FC69A99D7FF4476D" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Anaedus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to belong to
<taxonomicName id= "887CBFE2E2DB144EA179D213896CC472" authorityName= "Lacordaire" authorityYear= "1859" lsidName= "" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Goniaderini" > Goniaderini</taxonomicName>
but rather to
<taxonomicName id= "9D32D2C822A4C91C0002781D3C0BDCFD" lsidName= "" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Lupropini" > Lupropini</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id= "8A5E0A7FF2889B4F86D87BE14E6AA0EE" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" >
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<taxonomicName id= "328C4DD00B0F511AC3356E602B554EB2" authorityName= "Blanchard" authorityYear= "1842" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Anaedus" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Anaedus" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
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<emphasis id= "6F9F45E11DFBF45FDC8447B53B631ECE" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Anaedus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clearly belongs morphologically within
<taxonomicName id= "B4AD3EB31EA0AF8DAE4A331C337D1010" authorityName= "Lacordaire" authorityYear= "1859" lsidName= "" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "tribe" tribe= "Goniaderini" > Goniaderini</taxonomicName>
, which is consistent with molecular analyses (
<bibRefCitation id= "3FADB06A93852154E85207574ED047CD" DOI= "https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.688.13575" author= "Aalbu, RL" journalOrPublisher= "ZooKeys" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" pagination= "135 - 149" refId= "B1" refString= "Aalbu, RL, Kanda, K, Smith, AD, 2017. Reinstatement of Eschatoporini Blaisdell, 1906, a unique tribe of blind cavernicolous Tenebrionidae from California, with a new species from Napa County (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae, Lagriinae). ZooKeys 688: 135 - 149, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.688.13575" title= "Reinstatement of Eschatoporini Blaisdell, 1906, a unique tribe of blind cavernicolous Tenebrionidae from California, with a new species from Napa County (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae, Lagriinae)." url= "https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.688.13575" volume= "688" year= "2017" > Aalbu et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
). In fact,
2024-11-30 19:34:15 +01:00
<taxonomicName id= "3C2D22F7FAACD4F507F60FE1C2D3DA0B" authorityName= "Bates" authorityYear= "1868" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Aemymone" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Aemymone" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
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<emphasis id= "749086FE623FDE4B492CCD991A819F32" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Aemymone</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id= "9D6840E1FC2A1774DF233A7C97068456" captionStart= "Figures 19– captionStartId= "F5" captionText= "Figures 19 - 20. Head of two Lorelopsis species. 19 Lorelopsis sp. with clearly discernible supraorbital setae (SupS) 20 L. trapeziderus (Champion, 1913), a densely setose species in which the supraorbital setae are not discernible." figureDoi= "10.3897/zookeys.1172.103149.figures19-20" httpUri= "https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/884416" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > 19</figureCitation>
) is likely more closely related to
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<taxonomicName id= "6A319C50B28BF078D63D7FD310439A6F" authorityName= "Blanchard" authorityYear= "1842" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Anaedus" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Anaedus" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
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<emphasis id= "BD7B1515854F65AB4B658C412B74648A" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Anaedus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to both possessing very elongate basal hind tarsomeres (not mentioned by
<bibRefCitation id= "CF212878ADDD44DABEBBD3080C27BCBC" author= "Ferrer, J" journalOrPublisher= "Annales Zoologici (Warszawa)" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" pagination= "275 - 306" publicationUrl= "https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/miiz/annales/2007/00000057/00000002/art00011" refId= "B49" refString= "Ferrer, J, Delatour, T, 2007. Revision des genres Goniadera Perty, 1830 et Microgoniadera Pic, 1913 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Lagriinae: Goniaderini). Annales Zoologici (Warszawa) 57: 275 - 306, https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/miiz/annales/2007/00000057/00000002/art00011" title= "Revision des genres Goniadera Perty, 1830 et Microgoniadera Pic, 1913 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Lagriinae: Goniaderini)." url= "https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/miiz/annales/2007/00000057/00000002/art00011" volume= "57" year= "2007" > Ferrer and Delatour 2007</bibRefCitation>
) as well as a lack of tubercles. Size is not reliable as certain species of
2024-11-30 19:34:15 +01:00
<taxonomicName id= "4AE02C62178504AFBE204BD445805D7A" authorityName= "Blanchard" authorityYear= "1842" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Anaedus" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Anaedus" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
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<emphasis id= "6DF05E62F012E6BDED803019DD1B8DFA" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Anaedus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, like
<taxonomicName id= "D4AA21D8A51C2E8D1EEE9E6B62D657FA" lsidName= "An. robusticollis" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" rank= "species" species= "robusticollis" >
<emphasis id= "C593ABFFAFD129C4325E5837CAB6299C" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > An. robusticollis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Pic, 1921), are larger than most
<emphasis id= "2A8BB9734E18CD7E7F5F9A77413DB48D" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" >
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<taxonomicName id= "A8D3F3444C2E4CC3E58FADC90AA58234" authorityName= "Bates" authorityYear= "1868" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Aemymone" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Aemymone" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" > Aemymone</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName id= "FAE997FE1675908B33DFCF6C2965E35E" authorityName= "Bates" authorityYear= "1868" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Aemymone" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Aemymone" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" > Aemymone</taxonomicName>
2024-06-21 12:30:59 +02:00
</emphasis>
differs from
2024-11-30 19:34:15 +01:00
<taxonomicName id= "48354727A15E92945CA58E1ED8F59DF1" authorityName= "Blanchard" authorityYear= "1842" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Anaedus" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Anaedus" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
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<emphasis id= "750297242A0AC41136D42592A011DC91" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Anaedus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by (1) having clearly defined, punctate elytral striae, (2) lacking posterior pointing denticles on the lateral margin of elytra near the base, and (3) by having a slight metallic sheen in some species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id= "0A441C7B26CBADB78F5FD861E3AA1F99" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" >
<bibRefCitation id= "AB4353856946379609E7026530252142" author= "Ferrer, J" journalOrPublisher= "Annales Zoologici (Warszawa)" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" pagination= "275 - 306" publicationUrl= "https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/miiz/annales/2007/00000057/00000002/art00011" refId= "B49" refString= "Ferrer, J, Delatour, T, 2007. Revision des genres Goniadera Perty, 1830 et Microgoniadera Pic, 1913 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Lagriinae: Goniaderini). Annales Zoologici (Warszawa) 57: 275 - 306, https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/miiz/annales/2007/00000057/00000002/art00011" title= "Revision des genres Goniadera Perty, 1830 et Microgoniadera Pic, 1913 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Lagriinae: Goniaderini)." url= "https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/miiz/annales/2007/00000057/00000002/art00011" volume= "57" year= "2007" > Ferrer and Delatour (2007)</bibRefCitation>
separated
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<taxonomicName id= "C1B3286FC80F17B7BF3315EF8894ED11" authorityName= "Perty" authorityYear= "1832" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Goniadera" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Goniadera" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
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<emphasis id= "709154EC55101845869BA4B366610C64" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Goniadera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
2024-11-30 19:34:15 +01:00
<taxonomicName id= "BBBB2AC72CC619F55DC5C2FB64CDA3C7" authorityName= "Gebien" authorityYear= "1928" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Opatresthes" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Opatresthes" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
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<emphasis id= "E215B5D6341B154E22C47F9DAE5D9BCA" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Opatresthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as subgenera in their work, based upon the presence of setae (we find that both genera have setae), color of the integument (we find this character unreliable), and the sides of pronotum (we find this character reliable, although not adequately described in their key). Both
2024-11-30 19:34:15 +01:00
<taxonomicName id= "BA6F4DCC1F3ABD79166365CAFA971D08" authorityName= "Perty" authorityYear= "1832" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Goniadera" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Goniadera" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
2024-06-21 12:30:59 +02:00
<emphasis id= "2842E894C2F2A5DC29245A38F7B2EF11" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Goniadera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
2024-11-30 19:34:15 +01:00
<taxonomicName id= "1C034840F8EA48D9BED25AD693C26F87" authorityName= "Gebien" authorityYear= "1928" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Opatresthes" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Opatresthes" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
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<emphasis id= "0A633F7BE51A3082EB9D0A775EF51265" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Opatresthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, unlike
2024-11-30 19:34:15 +01:00
<taxonomicName id= "DC9FC8308BE18C078BA5E8D2B3A47CEF" authorityName= "Bates" authorityYear= "1868" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Aemymone" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Aemymone" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
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<emphasis id= "BF1F008395D81DE1B7DF98964FAEB443" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Aemymone</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, have the basal tarsomere of the hind tarsi equal or subequal to the terminal tarsomere. These two genera can be further separated from each other by (1), the strongly explanate anterior two-thirds of the pronotum in
2024-11-30 19:34:15 +01:00
<taxonomicName id= "B68273BDCB5228DB508224F5AFE90E53" authorityName= "Gebien" authorityYear= "1928" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Opatresthes" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Opatresthes" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
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<emphasis id= "0AEF7CCE756000FA9E690B2FE528E526" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Opatresthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(only at most slightly explanate sides of the pronotum in
2024-11-30 19:34:15 +01:00
<taxonomicName id= "4D63362B4D7C50E1B4CAA5DF64AF32EA" authorityName= "Perty" authorityYear= "1832" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Goniadera" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Goniadera" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
2024-06-21 12:30:59 +02:00
<emphasis id= "C3F26072AB0798B25AE0F72B202E15B8" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Goniadera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), (2) the lateral aspect of both the pronotum and elytra being strongly dentate/tuberculate in
2024-11-30 19:34:15 +01:00
<taxonomicName id= "C08800E6791A643A57574880F4827BBF" authorityName= "Gebien" authorityYear= "1928" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Opatresthes" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Opatresthes" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
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<emphasis id= "19B4446AC40C62914FAEDD60CB7FBE8F" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Opatresthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(lateral aspect at most with a few dentitions on the pronotum in
2024-11-30 19:34:15 +01:00
<taxonomicName id= "0514515640E7489F0652C7CA59278E4C" authorityName= "Perty" authorityYear= "1832" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Goniadera" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Goniadera" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
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<emphasis id= "7DC2CDCB7EA2BA05A91874C77538538D" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Goniadera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), (3) the metaventrite is equal to or shorter than the first visible abdominal ventrite in
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<taxonomicName id= "086AAD94B80432D0723F9D32365A5F27" authorityName= "Gebien" authorityYear= "1928" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Opatresthes" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Opatresthes" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
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<emphasis id= "20279E9511643AB9F64D4D93478C5462" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Opatresthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(metaventrite longer than length of first abdominal ventrite in
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<taxonomicName id= "D0C1E3758A36F8051DD48D2FE3EB352F" authorityName= "Perty" authorityYear= "1832" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Goniadera" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Goniadera" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
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<emphasis id= "A1160DCB775E4FD5D91EBE9FC77172CB" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Goniadera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and (4) general shape,
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<taxonomicName id= "A02926707B4ED02BBE38683E00D05CEE" authorityName= "Perty" authorityYear= "1832" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Goniadera" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Goniadera" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
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<emphasis id= "DF6A059E993B8528D74ECC019430E695" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Goniadera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
being narrower and more elongate than
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<taxonomicName id= "84B7324E813DBCF0C9A6E62F15293317" authorityName= "Gebien" authorityYear= "1928" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Opatresthes" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Opatresthes" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
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<emphasis id= "A9CA87DBD462529CDAC4AAA52EF31E7B" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Opatresthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id= "8E7D31EE60FEB56687F7B24D95BF0C59" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" >
The reinstatement of
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<taxonomicName id= "4CD4A9F384A4E8425743D393315CA068" authorityName= "Bates" authorityYear= "1868" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Aemymone" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Aemymone" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
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<emphasis id= "BE9459C0D49D8D0894BB16A4D544E451" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Aemymone</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
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<taxonomicName id= "0277409FB96F9706A53DE43A6CAEE4D0" authorityName= "Gebien" authorityYear= "1928" class= "Insecta" family= "Tenebrionidae" genus= "Opatresthes" higherTaxonomySource= "CoL" kingdom= "Animalia" lsidName= "Opatresthes" order= "Coleoptera" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" phylum= "Arthropoda" rank= "genus" >
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<emphasis id= "FB0BE13073B0AE1318C6AF1E7C1BEFB9" italics= "true" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" > Opatresthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is summarized in the following checklists. Note that many authorship and year attributions of
<bibRefCitation id= "91F937700C1BB3194FEC83F96FE820D1" author= "Ferrer, J" journalOrPublisher= "Annales Zoologici (Warszawa)" pageId= "0" pageNumber= "155" pagination= "275 - 306" publicationUrl= "https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/miiz/annales/2007/00000057/00000002/art00011" refId= "B49" refString= "Ferrer, J, Delatour, T, 2007. Revision des genres Goniadera Perty, 1830 et Microgoniadera Pic, 1913 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Lagriinae: Goniaderini). Annales Zoologici (Warszawa) 57: 275 - 306, https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/miiz/annales/2007/00000057/00000002/art00011" title= "Revision des genres Goniadera Perty, 1830 et Microgoniadera Pic, 1913 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Lagriinae: Goniaderini)." url= "https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/miiz/annales/2007/00000057/00000002/art00011" volume= "57" year= "2007" > Ferrer and Delatour (2007)</bibRefCitation>
were incorrect.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
