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<document id="A60BB52959D7C55E500ED539C6CF468E" ID-DOI="10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00466.x" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5445358" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630458879514" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Biju, S. D. &amp; Bossuyt, Franky" docDate="2009" docId="03F5945FFF8A1E62FC86FEABFD7AC135" docLanguage="en" docName="j.1096-3642.2008.00466.x.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 155 (2)" docSource="https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00466.x" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8.2:ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleId="0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Philautus chromasynchysi Biju &amp; Bossuyt 2009, SP. NOV." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="409" masterDocId="FFCCEC27FFAB1E41FFE9FFFDFF8CC65A" masterDocTitle="Systematics and phylogeny of Philautus Gistel, 1848 (Anura, Rhacophoridae) in the Western Ghats of India, with descriptions of 12 new species" masterLastPageNumber="444" masterPageNumber="374" pageNumber="407" updateTime="1699278541911" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="E2C43FD2F8807345C7FB92B6BCB916C6">Systematics and phylogeny of Philautus Gistel, 1848 (Anura, Rhacophoridae) in the Western Ghats of India, with descriptions of 12 new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="93BA473B359D924F2F7BB172C559A62F">Biju, S. D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8DC2B9256EC95705AC5EBE6AAA1DED4F">Bossuyt, Franky</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="2F5D007426C1AB5AA967B3D8B6E48942">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="4E8E97C7DBD3371507A0FA14532BE34F">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E0049A11CC75AA24E606FE65265FC610">2009-02-28</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="E1740153A225422ABDE4D14E7235E3D4">https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00466.x</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="CF682CF9C1204463AFC38D32557BE758" type="DOI">10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00466.x</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C35AC9C052EF1823E010093E564123FB" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="695317C341C143F8DA5E1EA51BB82C4A" type="Zenodo-Dep">5445358</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F5945FFF8A1E62FC86FEABFD7AC135" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F5945FFF8A1E62FC86FEABFD7AC135" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F5945FFF8A1E62FC86FEABFD7AC135" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="409" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">
<subSubSection id="C34676C2FF8A1E60FC86FEABFAC8C731" box="[879,1348,342,363]" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF8A1E60FC86FEABFAC8C731" blockId="33.[879,1348,342,363]" box="[879,1348,342,363]" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">
<heading id="D0AB9225FF8A1E60FC86FEABFAC8C731" box="[879,1348,342,363]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF8A1E60FC86FEABFB58C730" ID-CoL="4G5FC" authority="Biju &amp; Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[879,1236,342,363]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="409" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chromasynchysi" status="sp. nov.">PHILAUTUS CHROMASYNCHYSI</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8A1E60FB36FEA4FAC8C731" bold="true" box="[1247,1348,342,363]" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FF8A1E60FB36FEA4FAC8C731" box="[1247,1348,342,363]" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" rank="species">SP. NOV.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34676C2FF8A1E62FCB7FE81FD7AC135" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="409" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF8A1E60FCB7FE81FAD9C7C8" blockId="33.[862,1365,380,402]" box="[862,1365,380,402]" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">
(
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF8A1E60FC8FFE81FC3FC7CB" box="[870,947,380,401]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[164,243,1531,1550]" captionTargetBox="[167,1442,195,1498]" captionTargetId="figure-103@6.[164,1444,193,1501]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Maximum-likelihood phylogram (GTR + G + I; –Ln L = 14 763.97) for the mitochondrial DNA data set of 1488 bp of 34 taxa of Western Ghats Philautus and five outgroup species. Numbers above branches indicate nonparametric bootstrap values under maximum parsimony (MP). Numbers below branches indicate Bayesian posterior probabilities. *Values of less than 50." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445362/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">FIGS 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF8A1E60FC2BFE81FC6CC7CB" box="[962,992,380,401]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="27.[144,223,906,925]" captionTargetBox="[149,1422,197,876]" captionTargetId="figure-381@27.[144,1424,197,876]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 19. Schematic comparison of green-coloured Philautus from the Western Ghats. A, dorsal view, showing coloration of forelimbs and hindlimbs; B, lateral view of head, showing coloration of loreal/tympanic regions and forelimb; C, ventral view of snout, showing shape; D, webbing on feet. The arrows indicate extension of webbing at the fourth toe. Illustrations from left to right are: Philautus akroparallagi sp. nov., Philautus beddomii, Philautus bobingeri, Philautus chalazodes, Philautus chromasynchysi sp. nov., Philautus glandulosus, and Philautus jayarami sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445394/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">19</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF8A1E60FC06FE81FBACC7CB" box="[1007,1056,380,401]" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="30.[164,243,1842,1861]" captionTargetBox="[184,1422,197,1810]" captionTargetId="figure-0@30.[182,1425,194,1813]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 23. Distribution map. A, Philautus chlorosomma sp nov.; B, Philautus chotta sp. nov.; C, Philautus chromasynchysi sp. nov.; D, Philautus coonoorensis sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445402/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">23C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF8A1E60FBC6FE81FB0DC7C8" box="[1071,1153,380,402]" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="34.[164,243,887,906]" captionTargetBox="[325,1280,198,858]" captionTargetId="figure-447@34.[323,1283,196,858]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 26. Holotype of Philautus chromasynchysi sp. nov. (BNHS 4433). A, dorsal view; B, dorsal view of paratype (BNHS 4438); C, lateral view of head; D, ventral view of hand; E, ventral view of foot. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445408" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445408/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">26A–E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF8A1E60FB67FE81FAB4C7CB" box="[1166,1336,380,402]" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="35.[144,223,1356,1375]" captionTargetBox="[148,757,196,1326]" captionTargetId="figure-496@35.[148,757,196,1326]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Figure 27. Philautus chromasynchysi sp. nov. A, holotype (BNHS 4433); B, paratype (BNHS 4438); C, paratype (BNHS 4442): all from Kurichiyarmala." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445410" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445410/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">27A–C; TABLE</figureCitation>
2)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF8A1E60FCCFFE5EFBABC4D5" blockId="33.[806,1421,419,655]" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8A1E60FCCFFE5EFC47C7E2" box="[806,971,419,440]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">Type material:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B342F14FF8A1E60FC3DFE5EFBABC4D5" collectingDate="1997-09-07" collectingDateMax="2002-07-20" collectingDateMin="1997-09-07" collectionCode="SVL, SDB" country="India" location="Kurichiyarmala" municipality="Wayanad" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" specimenCode="BNHS 4433, BNHS 4434-4437, BNHS 4438-4440, BNHS 4441, BNHS 4442" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-adult="3" stateProvince="Kerala" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFF8A1E60FC3DFE5EFBB1C7E3" box="[980,1085,419,441]" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
,
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FF8A1E60FBA3FE5EFB5AC7E2" box="[1098,1238,419,440]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">BNHS 4433</specimenCode>
, an adult male,
<collectionCode id="ED4DBD8CFF8A1E60FCCFFE3CFCD4C78C" box="[806,856,449,470]" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">SVL</collectionCode>
<quantity id="4CA488ACFF8A1E60FC80FE3CFC41C78D" box="[873,973,449,471]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.33" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" unit="mm" value="23.3">23.3 mm</quantity>
, collected by
<collectionCode id="ED4DBD8CFF8A1E60FB6BFE3CFB3AC78C" box="[1154,1206,449,470]" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">SDB</collectionCode>
on
<date id="FFE20389FF8A1E60FB1DFE3FFCD1C7AF" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" value="1997-09-07">
<collectingDate id="EFA6FA61FF8A1E60FB1DFE3FFCD1C7AF" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" value="1997-09-07">7 September 1997</collectingDate>
</date>
from
<location id="8E837392FF8A1E60FC41FE1DFBECC7AC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F5945FFF8A1E62FC86FEABFD7AC135:8E837392FF8A1E60FC41FE1DFBECC7AC" box="[936,1120,480,502]" country="India" municipality="Wayanad" name="Kurichiyarmala" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" stateProvince="Kerala">Kurichiyarmala</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B87BF33FF8A1E60FB86FE1DFB50C7AC" box="[1135,1244,480,502]" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">Wayanad</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingRegion id="4998EBABFF8A1E60FB03FE1DFAB6C7AC" box="[1258,1338,480,502]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">Kerala</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F34B65D9FF8A1E60FAA3FE1DFA05C7AC" box="[1354,1417,480,502]" name="India" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">India</collectingCountry>
;
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFF8A1E60FCCFFE02FC16C44E" box="[806,922,511,532]" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
,
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FF8A1E60FC5DFE02FB1FC44E" box="[948,1171,511,532]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">BNHS 4434–4437</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5AEEC0FF8A1E60FB45FE03FAA1C44E" box="[1196,1325,510,532]" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" type="adult">four adult</specimenCount>
males, collected along with the
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFF8A1E60FBAFFDE0FB25C469" box="[1094,1193,541,563]" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
,
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FF8A1E60FB5EFDE0FA05C468" box="[1207,1417,541,562]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">BNHS 4438–4440</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5AEEC0FF8A1E60FCCFFDC1FC2BC408" box="[806,935,572,594]" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" type="adult">three adult</specimenCount>
males, and
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FF8A1E60FBDEFDC1FB4CC40B" box="[1079,1216,572,593]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">BNHS 4441</specimenCode>
and
<specimenCode id="DBFA8D32FF8A1E60FB14FDC1FA05C40B" box="[1277,1417,572,593]" collectionCode="BNHS" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8g20-8f2r" name="Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">BNHS 4442</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5AEEC0FF8A1E60FCCFFDA6FC18C42A" box="[806,916,602,624]" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" type="adult">two adult</specimenCount>
females, collected by
<collectionCode id="ED4DBD8CFF8A1E60FB7CFDA7FB45C435" box="[1173,1225,602,623]" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">SDB</collectionCode>
on
<date id="FFE20389FF8A1E60FB1EFDA7FA01C435" box="[1271,1421,602,624]" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" value="2002-07-20">
<collectingDate id="EFA6FA61FF8A1E60FB1EFDA7FA01C435" box="[1271,1421,602,624]" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" value="2002-07-20">20 July 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
from the type locality.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF8A1E60FCCFFD43FBF2C48E" blockId="33.[806,1150,702,724]" box="[806,1150,702,724]" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8A1E60FCCFFD43FBBAC489" box="[806,1078,702,723]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">Other material studied:</emphasis>
none.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF8A1E60FCCFFCF9FBE7C58B" blockId="33.[806,1422,771,1803]" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8A1E60FCCFFCF9FB5DC542" box="[806,1233,771,793]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">
Diagnosis:
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF8A1E60FC4CFCFEFB5DC542" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[933,1233,771,792]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chromasynchysi">Philautus chromasynchysi</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is distinguished from known congeners by the following combination of characters: (1) medium adult size; (2) snout pointed; (3) canthus rostralis sharp; (4) tongue with pointed papilla; (5) posterior surface of thighs dark brown, and anterior surface of thighs and groins dark brown with yellow blotches.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF8A1E60FCD6FC24FBE3C151" blockId="33.[806,1422,771,1803]" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF8A1E60FCD6FC24FBF8C5B4" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[831,1140,985,1006]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chromasynchysi">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8A1E60FCD6FC24FBF8C5B4" box="[831,1140,985,1006]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">Philautus chromasynchysi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is allied to
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF8A1E60FAF4FC24FCE7C257" authority="Biju &amp; Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marki" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8A1E60FAF4FC24FCE7C257" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">Philautus marki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FF8A1E60FC9AFC05FC40C257" box="[883,972,1016,1037]" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF8A1E60FC31FC04FBD8C254" baseAuthorityName="BOULENGER" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[984,1108,1017,1038]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="signatus">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8A1E60FC31FC04FBD8C254" box="[984,1108,1017,1038]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">P. signatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8A1E60FB7FFC04FC57C276" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF8A1E60FB7FFC04FA9DC254" box="[1174,1297,1017,1038]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tinniens">P. tinniens</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF8A1E60FAF4FC05FC57C276" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chromasynchysi">Philautus chromasynchysi</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF8A1E60FB9FFBEAFB55C276" authority="Biju &amp; Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[1142,1241,1047,1068]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marki" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8A1E60FB9FFBEAFB55C276" box="[1142,1241,1047,1068]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">P. marki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FF8A1E60FB0AFBEAFAB6C276" box="[1251,1338,1047,1068]" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
by the absence of horny ridges between the eyes (vs. horny ridges between eyes, arranged in a triangle directed posteriorly,
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF8A1E60FC5DFB8FFB94C2D3" box="[948,1048,1138,1161]" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="51.[144,223,752,771]" captionTargetBox="[306,1260,197,720]" captionTargetId="figure-419@51.[303,1263,195,722]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Figure 47. Holotype of Philautus marki sp. nov. (BNHS 4537). A, dorsal view; B, lateral view of head; C, ventral view of hand; D, ventral view of foot. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445456" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445456/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">Fig. 47A</figureCitation>
), flank and groin dark brown with yellow blotches (vs. flank and groin light grey with minute white marbling); differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF8A1E60FAF8FB4DFA01C29F" baseAuthorityName="BOULENGER" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[1297,1421,1200,1221]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="signatus">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8A1E60FAF8FB4DFA01C29F" box="[1297,1421,1200,1221]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">P. signatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF8A1E60FCB7FB32FC57C2BE" box="[862,987,1231,1252]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tinniens">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8A1E60FCB7FB32FC57C2BE" box="[862,987,1231,1252]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">P. tinniens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its sparsely to prominent horny spinular dorsal skin (vs. shagreened to sparsely granular dorsum, in
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF8A1E60FBF1FAF1FB19C37B" baseAuthorityName="BOULENGER" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[1048,1173,1292,1313]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="signatus">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8A1E60FBF1FAF1FB19C37B" box="[1048,1173,1292,1313]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">P. signatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF8A1E60FB3BFAF1FAC6C37B" box="[1234,1354,1292,1313]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tinniens">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8A1E60FB3BFAF1FAC6C37B" box="[1234,1354,1292,1313]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">P. tinniens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and more specifically the new species differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF8A1E60FA90FAD6FC0AC304" baseAuthorityName="BOULENGER" baseAuthorityYear="1882" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="signatus">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8A1E60FA90FAD6FC0AC304" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">P. signatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its small snout–vent length, SVL 22.9 ±
<quantity id="4CA488ACFF8A1E60FC9AFA9AFC46C327" box="[883,970,1383,1405]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" unit="mm" value="2.9">2.9 mm</quantity>
,
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8A1E60FC19FA95FB88C327" box="[1008,1028,1384,1405]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">N</emphasis>
= 8, male (vs. large, SVL 29.6 ±
<quantity id="4CA488ACFF8A1E60FC9AFA7BFC46C3C1" box="[883,970,1414,1435]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" unit="mm" value="2.8">2.8 mm</quantity>
,
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8A1E60FC34FA7BFC7DC3C1" box="[989,1009,1414,1435]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">N</emphasis>
= 8), flank and groin dark brown with yellow blotches (vs. flank and groin flesh white or light-reddish brown, without markings); from
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF8A1E60FA90FA39FC0EC3AD" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tinniens">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8A1E60FA90FA39FC0EC3AD" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">P. tinniens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its tongue with pointed papilla (vs. without), flank and groin dark brown with yellow blotches (vs. flank and groin dark-brownish black), fingers uniform colour (vs. first two fingers yellow). Because of the overall green coloration,
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF8A1E60FB07F9A0FCD3C0CA" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chromasynchysi">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8A1E60FB07F9A0FCD3C0CA" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">P. chromasynchysi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could be confused with six other species of
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF8A1E60FCCFF964FC1AC0F4" box="[806,918,1689,1710]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8A1E60FCCFF964FC1AC0F4" box="[806,918,1689,1710]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">Philautus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that have a predominantly green colour from this region, although it can be easily differentiated from these by both morphological and colour pattern differences (
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF8A1E60FBFBF908FBEFC151" box="[1042,1123,1781,1803]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="27.[144,223,906,925]" captionTargetBox="[149,1422,197,876]" captionTargetId="figure-381@27.[144,1424,197,876]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Figure 19. Schematic comparison of green-coloured Philautus from the Western Ghats. A, dorsal view, showing coloration of forelimbs and hindlimbs; B, lateral view of head, showing coloration of loreal/tympanic regions and forelimb; C, ventral view of snout, showing shape; D, webbing on feet. The arrows indicate extension of webbing at the fourth toe. Illustrations from left to right are: Philautus akroparallagi sp. nov., Philautus beddomii, Philautus bobingeri, Philautus chalazodes, Philautus chromasynchysi sp. nov., Philautus glandulosus, and Philautus jayarami sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445394/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF8A1E63FCCFF8C6FDA1C373" blockId="33.[806,1421,1850,1903]" lastBlockId="34.[164,779,993,1903]" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="408" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF8A1E60FCCFF8C6FA01C115" box="[806,1421,1850,1872]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">
Description of the
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFF8A1E60FC1FF8C7FBD8C115" box="[1014,1108,1850,1871]" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(all measurements in mm):
</emphasis>
Small-sized frog (SVL 23.3) with a slender body (
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF891E63FF45FC1CFE9CC5AD" box="[172,272,993,1015]" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="34.[164,243,887,906]" captionTargetBox="[325,1280,198,858]" captionTargetId="figure-447@34.[323,1283,196,858]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 26. Holotype of Philautus chromasynchysi sp. nov. (BNHS 4433). A, dorsal view; B, dorsal view of paratype (BNHS 4438); C, lateral view of head; D, ventral view of hand; E, ventral view of foot. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445408" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445408/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Fig. 26A</figureCitation>
); head length (HL 9.0) longer than width (HW 8.9; MN 7.9; MFE 6.1; MBE 3.3); outline of snout in dorsal and ventral views pointed, slightly protruding, snout length (SL 3.3) slightly shorter than horizontal diameter of eye (EL 3.5); canthus rostralis sharp, loreal region vertical to acute, slightly concave; distance between posterior margins of eyes (IBE 8.6) 1.7 times the distance between anterior margins of eyes (IFE 5.1); tympanum (TYD 1.3) distinct, rounded (
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF891E63FF45FB08FE83C351" box="[172,271,1269,1291]" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="34.[164,243,887,906]" captionTargetBox="[325,1280,198,858]" captionTargetId="figure-447@34.[323,1283,196,858]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 26. Holotype of Philautus chromasynchysi sp. nov. (BNHS 4433). A, dorsal view; B, dorsal view of paratype (BNHS 4438); C, lateral view of head; D, ventral view of hand; E, ventral view of foot. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445408" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445408/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Fig. 26C</figureCitation>
); supratympanic fold rather distinct; tongue with pointed lingual papilla, free.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2375C1FF891E63FF4DFC8AFA99C5F2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445408" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5445408" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445408/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="408" startId="34.[164,243,887,906]" targetBox="[325,1280,198,858]" targetPageId="34">
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF891E63FF4DFC8AFA99C5F2" blockId="34.[164,1441,887,936]" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF891E63FF4DFC8AFE95C5D0" bold="true" box="[164,281,887,906]" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Figure 26.</emphasis>
Holotype of
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF891E63FE4EFC8AFCB2C5D1" bold="true" box="[423,830,887,907]" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF891E63FE4EFC8AFD51C5D0" authority="Biju &amp; Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[423,733,887,906]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="34" pageNumber="408" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chromasynchysi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF891E63FE4EFC8AFD51C5D0" bold="true" box="[423,733,887,906]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Philautus chromasynchysi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FF891E63FD0FFC85FCB2C5D1" box="[742,830,888,907]" pageId="34" pageNumber="408" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(BNHS 4433). A, dorsal view; B, dorsal view of paratype (BNHS 4438); C, lateral view of head; D, ventral view of hand; E, ventral view of foot. Scale bars: 5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF891E63FF55FACFFE0BC05A" blockId="34.[164,779,993,1903]" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">
Forelimb (FLL 5.1) shorter than hand (HAL 6.6; TFL 4.0); lateral dermal fringe present, webbing absent; subarticular tubercles prominent, rounded, single, III2 and IV2 weak (
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF891E63FE30FA73FDB2C3FE" box="[473,574,1422,1444]" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="34.[164,243,887,906]" captionTargetBox="[325,1280,198,858]" captionTargetId="figure-447@34.[323,1283,196,858]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 26. Holotype of Philautus chromasynchysi sp. nov. (BNHS 4433). A, dorsal view; B, dorsal view of paratype (BNHS 4438); C, lateral view of head; D, ventral view of hand; E, ventral view of foot. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445408" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445408/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Fig. 26D</figureCitation>
); prepollex rather distinct; palmar tubercle distinct, rounded; supernumerary tubercles present on fingers III and IV; nuptial pad absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF891E63FF55F9F5FE73C16B" blockId="34.[164,779,993,1903]" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">
Hindlimbs moderately long, shank (ShL 12.7) subequal to thigh (FL 12.4), longer than distance from base of inner metatarsal tubercle to tip of toe IV (FOL 9.7); distance from heel to tip of toe IV (TFOL 15.9); webbing moderate (
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF891E63FE65F97EFE63C0C3" box="[396,495,1667,1689]" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="34.[164,243,887,906]" captionTargetBox="[325,1280,198,858]" captionTargetId="figure-447@34.[323,1283,196,858]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 26. Holotype of Philautus chromasynchysi sp. nov. (BNHS 4433). A, dorsal view; B, dorsal view of paratype (BNHS 4438); C, lateral view of head; D, ventral view of hand; E, ventral view of foot. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445408" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445408/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Fig. 26E</figureCitation>
); reaching up to second subarticular tubercle on either side of toe IV; dermal fringe along toe V present; subarticular tubercle rather prominent, rounded, simple, IV3 and V2 weakly developed; supernumerary tubercles weakly present on all toes (
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF891E63FE66F8E1FE7FC16B" box="[399,499,1819,1842]" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="34.[164,243,887,906]" captionTargetBox="[325,1280,198,858]" captionTargetId="figure-447@34.[323,1283,196,858]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 26. Holotype of Philautus chromasynchysi sp. nov. (BNHS 4433). A, dorsal view; B, dorsal view of paratype (BNHS 4438); C, lateral view of head; D, ventral view of hand; E, ventral view of foot. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445408" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445408/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Fig. 26E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF891E63FF55F8C7FA2DC2CA" blockId="34.[164,779,993,1903]" lastBlockId="34.[826,1441,993,1168]" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Skin of snout and between eyes shagreened, upper eyelids with prominent tubercles, side of head shagreened to sparsely granular, anterior part of back with sparsely granular spinules, posterior part of back granular, upper and lower parts of flank granular, dorsal part of forelimb, thigh, tibia, and tarsus shagreened to sparsely granular; throat shagreened, chest, belly, and posterior surface of thighs granular.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF891E63FCD3FB45FB79C044" blockId="34.[826,1441,1208,1750]" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF891E63FCD3FB45FB82C297" box="[826,1038,1208,1229]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">
Colour of
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFF891E63FC40FB45FB84C297" box="[937,1032,1208,1229]" pageId="34" pageNumber="408" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
In life: dorsum uniform dark green (
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF891E63FCABFB2BFC2AC2B6" box="[834,934,1238,1260]" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="35.[144,223,1356,1375]" captionTargetBox="[148,757,196,1326]" captionTargetId="figure-496@35.[148,757,196,1326]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Figure 27. Philautus chromasynchysi sp. nov. A, holotype (BNHS 4433); B, paratype (BNHS 4438); C, paratype (BNHS 4442): all from Kurichiyarmala." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445410" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445410/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Fig. 27A</figureCitation>
), completely extended to lateral side of snout, and loreal and tympanic regions, groin light yellow with brown blotches, posterior surface of thighs dark brown, and anterior surface of thighs and groins dark brown with yellow blotches, lateral side light yellowish green, iris dark golden brown, encircled by a thin bluish green outer ring, dorsal green colour completely extended to the limbs, forelimbs and hindlimbs with faint cross bands, fingers and toes light blackish green; ventral side light yellow, hands and feet greyish brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF891E63FCBAF9DAFAC7C08C" blockId="34.[826,1441,1208,1750]" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">In preservation: dorsum uniform greyish black, loreal and tympanic regions light-greyish black, upper eyelids black, lateral abdominal area whitish; surface of thighs light brown, groins light grey with white patches; forelimbs and hindlimbs light-greyish black, hindlimbs with faint grey cross bands.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF891E62FCD3F903FC6FC57B" blockId="34.[826,1441,1789,1903]" lastBlockId="35.[806,1421,198,801]" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="409" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF891E63FCD3F903FC27C149" box="[826,939,1790,1811]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Variation:</emphasis>
Measurements of
<specimenCount id="9D5AEEC0FF891E63FB6AF900FB6EC148" box="[1155,1250,1789,1810]" pageId="34" pageNumber="408" type="generic">ten type</specimenCount>
series are given in
<tableCitation id="C6DE10F2FF891E63FCB0F8E1FC22C16B" box="[857,942,1820,1842]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="10.[113,177,400,421]" captionText="Table 2. Morphometric measurements (in mm) of the specimens used in this study" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Table 2</tableCitation>
. Dorsal colour and pattern highly variable, ranging from uniform dark green through a variety of greens to light-greyish brown (
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF891E63FB70F8A4FA91C135" box="[1177,1309,1881,1903]" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="35.[144,223,1356,1375]" captionTargetBox="[148,757,196,1326]" captionTargetId="figure-496@35.[148,757,196,1326]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Figure 27. Philautus chromasynchysi sp. nov. A, holotype (BNHS 4433); B, paratype (BNHS 4438); C, paratype (BNHS 4442): all from Kurichiyarmala." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445410" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445410/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Fig. 27A–C</figureCitation>
): (1) typical yellow with brown blotches, faint dorsal cross bands on limbs, (
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFF881E62FC41FF18FB9CC6A0" box="[936,1040,229,250]" pageId="35" pageNumber="409" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
, BNHS 4435); (5) dorsum light greyish brown with a light broad band from snout to vent, lateral side dark brown (BNHS 4440); (6) sparsely spinular dorsum, a light-grey streak from either side of snout, along the side of head up to the lower level of upper eyelid, a pair of concave black lines from the lower level of upper eyelid to vent, filled with dark-greyish brown, lateral side lightgreyish yellow (BNHS 4439); (7) prominent horny spinular dorsum, light brown with faint triangular marking between the eyes, a pair of concave lines on the middle of dorsum (BNHS 4437). In captivity, the dorsal colour does not change much other than a slight variation from light brown to dark brown or from light green to dark green. Significantly, the groin and thigh markings are highly constant, and hence the identification of this species is straightforward based on the combination of spinular dorsum, and groin coloration.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF881E62FCCFFCB4FBB4C5E0" blockId="35.[806,1421,841,954]" pageId="35" pageNumber="409">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF881E62FCCFFCB4FC28C504" box="[806,932,841,862]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="409">Etymology:</emphasis>
The species name is derived from two Greek words:
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF881E62FC24FC9AFBAEC526" box="[973,1058,871,892]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="409">chroma</emphasis>
meaning ‘colour’ and
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF881E62FAC4FC9AFA01C526" box="[1325,1421,871,892]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="409">synchysi</emphasis>
meaning ‘confusion’, referring to the species having confusing dorsal colour.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF881E62FCCFFC1FFBBDC351" blockId="35.[806,1421,994,1291]" pageId="35" pageNumber="409">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF881E62FCCFFC1FFC26C24F" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="409">
Distribution and natural history:
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF881E62FB3BFC1FFC26C24F" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" pageNumber="409" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chromasynchysi">Philautus chromasynchysi</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is known only from the type locality. This species is located in a small area of about
<quantity id="4CA488ACFF881E62FAFAFBE2FAD5C26F" box="[1299,1369,1055,1077]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="35" pageNumber="409" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
<superScript id="7C298801FF881E62FAB3FBE0FAEEC273" attach="right" box="[1370,1378,1053,1065]" fontSize="5" pageId="35" pageNumber="409">2</superScript>
, on an isolated mountain at Kurichiyarmala (
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF881E62FACFFBC3FA04C209" box="[1318,1416,1086,1108]" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="30.[164,243,1842,1861]" captionTargetBox="[184,1422,197,1810]" captionTargetId="figure-0@30.[182,1425,194,1813]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 23. Distribution map. A, Philautus chlorosomma sp nov.; B, Philautus chotta sp. nov.; C, Philautus chromasynchysi sp. nov.; D, Philautus coonoorensis sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445402/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="409">Fig. 23C</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="C6DE10F2FF881E62FCCFFBA1FCF4C228" box="[806,888,1116,1138]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="2.[164,228,200,219]" captionText="Table 1. Collection localities that are discussed in the text. Localities are arranged by state" pageId="35" pageNumber="409">Table 1</tableCitation>
). The
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFF881E62FC22FBA1FBA0C228" box="[971,1068,1116,1138]" pageId="35" pageNumber="409" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and
<specimenCount id="9D5AEEC0FF881E62FB84FBA1FA94C228" box="[1133,1304,1116,1138]" pageId="35" pageNumber="409" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">four paratypes</specimenCount>
were collected from the ground under leaf litter during a late evening in the non-breeding season (September), the remaining
<specimenCount id="9D5AEEC0FF881E62FC4AFB45FBB7C294" box="[931,1083,1208,1230]" pageId="35" pageNumber="409" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">six paratypes</specimenCount>
were collected during a rainy late evening in the breeding season (July), from leaves about 1-m high.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2375C1FF881E62FF79FAB1FDB5C3C3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445410" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5445410" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445410/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="409" startId="35.[144,223,1356,1375]" targetBox="[148,757,196,1326]" targetPageId="35">
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF881E62FF79FAB1FDB5C3C3" blockId="35.[144,758,1355,1433]" pageId="35" pageNumber="409">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF881E62FF79FAB1FD2EC305" bold="true" box="[144,674,1355,1375]" pageId="35" pageNumber="409">
Figure 27.
<taxonomicName id="4C5C5ECAFF881E62FEF8FAB6FDCAC304" authority="Biju &amp; Bossuyt, 2009" authorityName="Biju &amp; Bossuyt" authorityYear="2009" box="[273,582,1355,1374]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Philautus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" pageNumber="409" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chromasynchysi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B928F95BFF881E62FEF8FAB6FDCAC304" bold="true" box="[273,582,1355,1374]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="409">Philautus chromasynchysi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B4420FF881E62FDA5FAB1FD2EC305" box="[588,674,1356,1375]" pageId="35" pageNumber="409" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
A, holotype (BNHS 4433); B, paratype (BNHS 4438); C, paratype (BNHS 4442): all from Kurichiyarmala.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE32549FF881E62FF79FA36FD7AC135" blockId="35.[144,759,1483,1903]" pageId="35" pageNumber="409">
dark-green dorsum, without markings (
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFF881E62FD67FA36FD7EC3BB" box="[654,754,1483,1505]" pageId="35" pageNumber="409" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, BNHS 4433,
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF881E62FEC5FA17FE01C05A" box="[300,397,1514,1536]" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="35.[144,223,1356,1375]" captionTargetBox="[148,757,196,1326]" captionTargetId="figure-496@35.[148,757,196,1326]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Figure 27. Philautus chromasynchysi sp. nov. A, holotype (BNHS 4433); B, paratype (BNHS 4438); C, paratype (BNHS 4442): all from Kurichiyarmala." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445410" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445410/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="409">Fig. 27A</figureCitation>
) in life, turns uniform greyish black in preservation; (2) dorsal skin prominently horny spinular, uniform greyish brown dorsum with dark discontinuous concave lines on either side, from just behind the eye level to vent (BNHS 4438,
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF881E62FF79F97EFF7EC0C3" box="[144,242,1667,1689]" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="35.[144,223,1356,1375]" captionTargetBox="[148,757,196,1326]" captionTargetId="figure-496@35.[148,757,196,1326]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Figure 27. Philautus chromasynchysi sp. nov. A, holotype (BNHS 4433); B, paratype (BNHS 4438); C, paratype (BNHS 4442): all from Kurichiyarmala." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445410" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445410/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="409">Fig. 27B</figureCitation>
); (3) uniform yellowish green dorsum with dark minute spots, groin dark brown with golden yellow blotches, lateral region golden yellow (
<typeStatus id="54E79BEBFF881E62FF71F922FE8CC0AE" box="[152,256,1759,1780]" pageId="35" pageNumber="409" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
, BNHS 4442,
<figureCitation id="136739CCFF881E62FE43F923FD81C0AF" box="[426,525,1758,1781]" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="35.[144,223,1356,1375]" captionTargetBox="[148,757,196,1326]" captionTargetId="figure-496@35.[148,757,196,1326]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Figure 27. Philautus chromasynchysi sp. nov. A, holotype (BNHS 4433); B, paratype (BNHS 4438); C, paratype (BNHS 4442): all from Kurichiyarmala." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5445410" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5445410/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="409">Fig. 27C</figureCitation>
); (4) sparsely horny spinular skin, dorsum light green with a pair of faint concave lines, an inverted dark triangular patch in between the eyes (directed downwards), lateral region light-yellowish grey, anterior surface of thighs light
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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