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<document id="08F7095F9432269ACF555C8EFFAFE456" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.275413" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c675fe58-7d68-4609-844d-bd31c551ad1a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="275413" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461140300943" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Michelsen, Verner &amp; Ackland, Michael" docDate="2009" docId="03A087C71C6FFFB2C2BAC854FECBF401" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02315p065.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2315" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Pegomya maculata" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="53" masterDocId="FF99FFBF1C6EFFB0C22DCB26FFBCF26E" masterDocTitle="The Pegomya maculata species group (Diptera Anthomyiidae) in Europe, with description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="65" masterPageNumber="51" pageNumber="52" updateTime="1698598906144" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="DA80E272EC543E5A63C2B31F49649A22">The Pegomya maculata species group (Diptera Anthomyiidae) in Europe, with description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D27BE01C4483A3AEED2637AFD12BF192">Michelsen, Verner</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F9C7E7FA0135B7B3922040D7B2C3E157">Ackland, Michael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="3788FBF84D0F9AC2C0BC5195C31D24BD">2009</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03A087C71C6FFFB2C2BAC854FECBF401" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6223668" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119627828" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6223668" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A087C71C6FFFB2C2BAC854FECBF401" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A087C71C6FFFB2C2BAC854FECBF401" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<subSubSection id="C313655A1C6FFFB1C2BAC854FDD9F1E2" box="[151,613,882,908]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BB636D11C6FFFB1C2BAC854FDD9F1E2" blockId="1.[151,613,882,908]" box="[151,613,882,908]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<heading id="D0FE81BD1C6FFFB1C2BAC854FDD9F1E2" bold="true" box="[151,613,882,908]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC31C6FFFB1C2BAC854FDD9F1E2" bold="true" box="[151,613,882,908]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
The
<taxonomicName id="4C094D521C6FFFB1C2E2C854FE09F1E2" ID-CoL="92VRD" box="[207,437,882,908]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculata">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC31C6FFFB1C2E2C854FE09F1E2" bold="true" box="[207,437,882,908]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Pegomya maculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C313655A1C6FFFB1C2BAC89DFC6BF711" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BB636D11C6FFFB1C2BAC89DFC6BF711" blockId="1.[151,1437,955,2026]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC31C6FFFB1C2BAC89DFEA0F1BB" bold="true" box="[151,284,955,981]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The following combination of characters may separate males and females of the
<emphasis id="B97DEAC31C6FFFB1C721C89AFA24F1BB" box="[1292,1432,956,981]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">P. m a c u l a t a</emphasis>
species group from other species of
<taxonomicName id="4C094D521C6FFFB1C07EC8C4FD7FF195" box="[595,707,994,1019]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC31C6FFFB1C07EC8C4FD7FF195" box="[595,707,994,1019]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Pegomya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: Antenna, palpus, thorax and abdomen extensively fuscous brown to fuscous black in ground colour; only femora and tibiae to various extent fuscous yellow to yellow. Orbital and interfrontal setulae absent in male; frontal vitta in female with a pair of fine setulae or bare. Setation on lower part of head dark-coloured. Male hind femur with a comb of very short, erect pv-setae on middle third or basal two-thirds. Male terminalia: Sternite V (
<figureCitation id="13322A541C6FFFB1C14BCF5BFC68F6F9" box="[870,980,1149,1175]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 7" captionStartId="3.[151,257,1962,1983]" captionTargetBox="[155,1420,188,1961]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[155,1440,125,1968]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 7. Pegomya maculata Stein, male (Spain: Lerida: Sorpe, except 7 Finland: Ab: Kuustö). 1. Sternite V. 2. Posterior lobe of sternite V, postero-lateral. 3. Hypopygium, posterior. 4. Ditto, lateral. 5. Gonites, right. 6, 7. Phallus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275414/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Figs. 1, 2</figureCitation>
) on basal part of posterior lobes with a cluster of coarse inclinate setae, on slender distal part bare; surstylus (
<figureCitation id="13322A541C6FFFB1C62BCF82FBECF6D0" box="[1030,1104,1188,1214]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 7" captionStartId="3.[151,257,1962,1983]" captionTargetBox="[155,1420,188,1961]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[155,1440,125,1968]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 7. Pegomya maculata Stein, male (Spain: Lerida: Sorpe, except 7 Finland: Ab: Kuustö). 1. Sternite V. 2. Posterior lobe of sternite V, postero-lateral. 3. Hypopygium, posterior. 4. Ditto, lateral. 5. Gonites, right. 6, 7. Phallus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275414/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
) basally with a small wart covered in coarse black cuticular pile; postgonite (
<figureCitation id="13322A541C6FFFB1C0DACFECFC83F68A" box="[759,831,1226,1252]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 7" captionStartId="3.[151,257,1962,1983]" captionTargetBox="[155,1420,188,1961]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[155,1440,125,1968]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 7. Pegomya maculata Stein, male (Spain: Lerida: Sorpe, except 7 Finland: Ab: Kuustö). 1. Sternite V. 2. Posterior lobe of sternite V, postero-lateral. 3. Hypopygium, posterior. 4. Ditto, lateral. 5. Gonites, right. 6, 7. Phallus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275414/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
) membranized at apex and with a coarse, sigmoid seta inserted subbasally; basiphallus (
<figureCitation id="13322A541C6FFFB1C04DCFD7FD15F765" box="[608,681,1265,1291]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 7" captionStartId="3.[151,257,1962,1983]" captionTargetBox="[155,1420,188,1961]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[155,1440,125,1968]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 7. Pegomya maculata Stein, male (Spain: Lerida: Sorpe, except 7 Finland: Ab: Kuustö). 1. Sternite V. 2. Posterior lobe of sternite V, postero-lateral. 3. Hypopygium, posterior. 4. Ditto, lateral. 5. Gonites, right. 6, 7. Phallus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275414/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
) longer than distiphallus, on distal part with a posterior hump below overhanging slender epiphallus. Female terminalia (
<figureCitation id="13322A541C6FFFB1C16ACE3EFC1CF75C" box="[839,928,1304,1330]" captionStart="FIGURES 24 – 26" captionStartId="11.[151,271,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[159,1424,229,1946]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[159,1444,197,1950]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 24 – 26. Pegomya maculata species group, female oviscapt. 24. P. maculata Stein, flat-mounted (Andorra). 25. Sp. indet. A, flat-mounted (Russia: Karelia: Kivach). 26. Same, intact, distal part in lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275418/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
): Oviscapt comparatively short and slender with smooth membranes and slender or robust, stiff setae at hind margins of tergites VI–VIII and sternites VI and VII; sternite VIII pieces bulging, softly sclerotized, densely pilose.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C313655A1C6FFFB2C2EBCEADFA21F645" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB636D11C6FFFB1C2EBCEADFCC7F7C8" blockId="1.[151,1437,955,2026]" box="[198,891,1419,1446]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC31C6FFFB1C2EBCEADFEE2F7CB" bold="true" box="[198,350,1419,1445]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Description.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B97DEAC31C6FFFB1C34BCEAAFE20F7CB" box="[358,412,1420,1445]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Size.</emphasis>
Medium-sized, wing length 4.4–6.7mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB636D11C6FFFB1C2BACE95FA87F4E0" blockId="1.[151,1437,955,2026]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC31C6FFFB1C2BACE95FF60F7A2" box="[151,220,1459,1484]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Male.</emphasis>
Colour: Head (except in teneral specimens) wholly dark, greyish to silvery grey dusted; only scape, pedicel and basal part of palpus often fuscous yellow. Thorax dark, covered in ash-grey or brownish grey dusting. Wing base, calypteres and halter with an ochre yellow tinge. Legs fuscous brown to black, except femora and tibiae to a varying extent fuscous yellow to yellow, depending on species and age of specimen. Abdomen dark, covered in dense grey dusting delimiting a narrow mid-dorsal dark stripe but no dark anterior bands on tergites III–V. Postabdomen other than tergite VI sparsely dusted, with a distinct dark shine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB636D11C6FFFB1C2EBCDBCFDE5F518" blockId="1.[151,1437,955,2026]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Head: Strongly holoptic; frons on upper part much narrower than diameter of anterior ocellus, with linear, contiguous parafrontalia. Fronto-parafacial angle projected beyond lower facial margin; parafacial narrow, in middle about one-third as wide as postpedicel. Orbital and interfrontal setulae absent; frontals 3–5 pairs on lower two-fifths of frons; vestiture on lower part of head all dark. Gena in profile nearly as wide as postpedicel. Postpedicel about two times as long as wide, nearly reaching facial margin; arista shortpubescent. Mouth parts unremarkable.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB636D11C6FFFB1C2EBCCA4FC58F584" blockId="1.[151,1437,955,2026]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Thorax: Presutural acrostichal rows slightly wider apart than their distance from adjacent dorsocentral rows; area between presutural rows with several setulae. Prealar seta a little shorter than posterior notopleural seta. Outer posthumeral seta nearly same size as inner posthumeral seta.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB636D11C6CFFB2C2EBCBBEFB0AF322" blockId="2.[151,1437,152,1647]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Wings: Vein C bare dorsally, finely setulose ventrally. Lower calypter nearly same size as upper calypter. Legs: Mid femur without av-setae but with longish pv-setae on basal half; hind femur with av-row of setae diminishing in length towards base; pv-row forming a comb of short, erect setae, no longer than depth of femur where situated, occupying middle third or basal two-thirds. Submedian setae on fore tibia 1 ad, 1(–2) pv, on mid tibia 0 av, 1 ad, 1 pd and 2–4 p, and on hind tibia 1 av, 2–3 ad, 2 pd and 0 p/pv.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB636D11C6CFFB2C2EBCA7FFD09F0EC" blockId="2.[151,1437,152,1647]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
Abdomen: Depressed, parallel-sided, with thickened postabdomen. Tergites II–V with hind marginal setae but without discal setae; tergite VI bare, exceptionally with 1–4 accessory setulae. Sternite V (
<figureCitation id="13322A541C6CFFB2C73BCAA6FA31F3F4" box="[1302,1421,384,410]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 7" captionStartId="3.[151,257,1962,1983]" captionTargetBox="[155,1420,188,1961]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[155,1440,125,1968]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 7. Pegomya maculata Stein, male (Spain: Lerida: Sorpe, except 7 Finland: Ab: Kuustö). 1. Sternite V. 2. Posterior lobe of sternite V, postero-lateral. 3. Hypopygium, posterior. 4. Ditto, lateral. 5. Gonites, right. 6, 7. Phallus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275414/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Figs. 1, 2</figureCitation>
): Lateral setae confined to disti-lateral margins of basal plate; posterior lobes basally with a dense cluster of inward-pointing setae, distally completely devoid of setae and setulae. Hypopygium (
<figureCitation id="13322A541C6CFFB2C6BECAEBFAB4F389" box="[1171,1288,461,487]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 7" captionStartId="3.[151,257,1962,1983]" captionTargetBox="[155,1420,188,1961]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[155,1440,125,1968]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 7. Pegomya maculata Stein, male (Spain: Lerida: Sorpe, except 7 Finland: Ab: Kuustö). 1. Sternite V. 2. Posterior lobe of sternite V, postero-lateral. 3. Hypopygium, posterior. 4. Ditto, lateral. 5. Gonites, right. 6, 7. Phallus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275414/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Figs. 3, 4</figureCitation>
): Surstyli of complex structure typical for
<taxonomicName id="4C094D521C6CFFB2C3DFCAD2FDE3F063" box="[498,607,500,525]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC31C6CFFB2C3DFCAD2FDE3F063" box="[498,607,500,525]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Pegomya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, separated by short cerci. Gonites (
<figureCitation id="13322A541C6CFFB2C1D3CAD2FBFAF060" box="[1022,1094,500,526]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 7" captionStartId="3.[151,257,1962,1983]" captionTargetBox="[155,1420,188,1961]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[155,1440,125,1968]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 7. Pegomya maculata Stein, male (Spain: Lerida: Sorpe, except 7 Finland: Ab: Kuustö). 1. Sternite V. 2. Posterior lobe of sternite V, postero-lateral. 3. Hypopygium, posterior. 4. Ditto, lateral. 5. Gonites, right. 6, 7. Phallus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275414/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
): Pregonite with three strong posterior setae inserted at mid-length and a weak seta at apex; postgonite with coarse anterior seta arising subbasally. Phallus (
<figureCitation id="13322A541C6CFFB2C3A7C967FE69F035" box="[394,469,577,603]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 7" captionStartId="3.[151,257,1962,1983]" captionTargetBox="[155,1420,188,1961]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[155,1440,125,1968]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 7. Pegomya maculata Stein, male (Spain: Lerida: Sorpe, except 7 Finland: Ab: Kuustö). 1. Sternite V. 2. Posterior lobe of sternite V, postero-lateral. 3. Hypopygium, posterior. 4. Ditto, lateral. 5. Gonites, right. 6, 7. Phallus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275414/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
): basiphallus with a hump-like projection below overhanging slender epiphallus; distiphallus compact, shorter than basiphallus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB636D11C6CFFB2C2EBC9A9FD60F1FE" blockId="2.[151,1437,152,1647]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC31C6CFFB2C2EBC9A9FE9AF0C6" box="[198,294,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Female.</emphasis>
Apart from usual sexual differences deviating from male sex as follows: Broad frontal vitta anteriorly extensively orange or orange-brown. Mid-dorsal dark stripe on abdomen broader and more diffuse. Upper half of parafrontals with three pairs of orbital setae; frontals (2–)3 pairs; frontal vitta bare or with a pair of setulose interfrontals; genal setulae few, in a single row. Postpedicel larger, fully extended to lower facial margin. Palpus unremarkable or distinctly enlarged and apically expanded. Vein C dorsally bare or finely setulose distal to insertion of vein Sc. Mid femur only with a few short pv-setae basally; hind femur with avsetae confined to distal half and without pv-setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB636D11C6CFFB2C2EBC8BBFA21F645" blockId="2.[151,1437,152,1647]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
Oviscapt (
<figureCitation id="13322A541C6CFFB2C312C8BBFE2AF1D9" box="[319,406,925,951]" captionStart="FIGURES 24 – 26" captionStartId="11.[151,271,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[159,1424,229,1946]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[159,1444,197,1950]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 24 – 26. Pegomya maculata species group, female oviscapt. 24. P. maculata Stein, flat-mounted (Andorra). 25. Sp. indet. A, flat-mounted (Russia: Karelia: Kivach). 26. Same, intact, distal part in lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275418/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
) rather short but slender, with smooth membranes; stiff hind-marginal setae present on tergites VI–VIII and sternites VI–VII. Anterior two-thirds of sternites VI and VII membranised; sternite VIII pieces strongly bulging, weakly sclerotized, covered in dense cuticular pile, at hind margin with a few sensilla and 0–1 seta. Epiproct, hypoproct and cerci unremarkable. Three spermathecae (
<figureCitation id="13322A541C6CFFB2C66ECF37FB24F645" box="[1091,1176,1041,1067]" captionStart="FIGURES 27 – 30" captionStartId="12.[151,270,1979,2003]" captionTargetBox="[179,1385,188,1944]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[155,1415,162,1964]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 27 – 30. Pegomya maculata species group, female oviscapt. 27. Sp. indet. B, flat-mounted (Russia: Karelia: Kivach). 28. Sp. indet. C, flat-mounted (Finland: N: Pytääh). 29. Same, distal part. 30. Same, spermathecae and ducts." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275419/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
) small, fuscous black.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C313655A1C6CFFB2C2EBCF11FECBF401" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BB636D11C6CFFB2C2EBCF11FED5F77D" blockId="2.[151,1437,152,1647]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC31C6CFFB2C2EBCF11FE96F63F" bold="true" box="[198,298,1079,1105]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Biology.</emphasis>
Adults are rarely collected. As known from related, mushroom-feeding species of
<taxonomicName id="4C094D521C6CFFB2C70ACF1EFA28F63F" box="[1319,1428,1080,1105]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC31C6CFFB2C70ACF1EFA28F63F" box="[1319,1428,1080,1105]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Pegomya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, adults of both sexes may feed on honeydew and other substances on foliage of trees and shrubs, while the females from time to time must attend fruit bodies of their host mushrooms in order to lay eggs. Larval hosts are only known for
<taxonomicName id="4C094D521C6CFFB2C3BCCF8AFD99F6AB" box="[401,549,1196,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculata">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC31C6CFFB2C3BCCF8AFD99F6AB" box="[401,549,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">P. maculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but these belong to a wide range of gilled mushrooms of the families
<taxonomicName id="4C094D521C6CFFB2C2BACFF4FEFAF682" box="[151,326,1234,1260]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Cortinariaceae" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="family">Cortinariaceae</taxonomicName>
, Lactariaceae,
<taxonomicName id="4C094D521C6CFFB2C3DBCFF4FD1CF682" box="[502,672,1234,1260]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Marasmiaceae" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="family">Marasmiaceae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C094D521C6CFFB2C0F7CFF4FC10F682" box="[730,940,1234,1260]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Tricholomataceae" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="family">Tricholomataceae</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF984B201C6CFFB2C191CFF4FBF4F682" author="Engel" box="[956,1096,1234,1260]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" refString="C epelak, J. (1989) Zastupenie vyssich dvojkridlovcov (Diptera, Brachycera) v okuli kupelov Nimnica v jarnom obdobi. [Die Vertretung hoherer Zweiflugler (Diptera, Brachycera) der Umgebung von Kurort Nimnica in der Fruhlingsperiode.] Entomologicke Problemy, Bratislava, 19, 101 - 110. (In Slovak with German summary.) Chandler, P. (Ed.) (1998) Anthomyiidae. In: Checklists of insects of the British Isles (New Series). Part 1: Diptera (Incorporating a List of Irish Diptera). Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects, 12, 165 - 171. Engel, E. O. (1916) Beitrage zur Kenntnis einiger Dipterenlarven. Mitteilungen der Munchener Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 7, 68 - 76." type="journal article" year="1916">Engel 1916</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF984B201C6CFFB2C678CFF4FB43F682" author="Hennig" box="[1109,1279,1234,1260]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" refString="Hennig, W. (1973 b) Anthomyiidae [part]. In: Lindner, E. (Ed.), Die Fliegen der palaearktischen Region, 7 (1), Lief. 297, 593 - 680. E. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart." type="journal article" year="1973" yearSuffix="b">Hennig 1973b</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF984B201C6CFFB2C721CFF4FEE0F77D" author="Hackman" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" refString="Hackman, W. &amp; Meinander, M. (1979) Diptera feeding as larvae on macrofungi in Finland. Annales zoologici fennici, 16, 50 - 83." type="journal article" year="1979">Hackman &amp; Meinander 1979</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB636D11C6CFFB2C2EBCE39FECBF401" blockId="2.[151,1437,152,1647]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC31C6CFFB2C2EBCE39FD87F757" bold="true" box="[198,571,1311,1337]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Monophyly and relationships.</emphasis>
As pointed out by
<bibRefCitation id="EF984B201C6CFFB2C134CE06FC69F754" author="Griffiths" box="[793,981,1312,1338]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" refString="Griffiths, G. C. D. (1984) Anthomyiidae [part]. In: Griffiths, G. C. D. (Ed.), Flies of the Nearctic Region, 8 (2), 3, 289 - 408. E. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart." type="journal article" year="1984">Griffiths (1984)</bibRefCitation>
, detailed similarity in most parts of the male and female terminalia leaves no doubt about the monophyly of the
<taxonomicName id="4C094D521C6CFFB2C62FCE61FB54F70E" box="[1026,1256,1351,1376]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculata">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC31C6CFFB2C62FCE61FB54F70E" box="[1026,1256,1351,1376]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Pegomya maculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group. Especially characteristic are the male sternite V and the female sternite VIII (see ‘Diagnosis’ above for details). Based on similarities in the male gonites Griffiths (
<emphasis id="B97DEAC31C6CFFB2C154CEB2FC72F7C3" box="[889,974,1428,1453]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">op. cit.</emphasis>
) considered two Holarctic species,
<taxonomicName id="4C094D521C6CFFB2C7ABCEB2FDF9F7BA" authority="Zetterstedt, 1852" authorityName="Zetterstedt" authorityYear="1852" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidoscutellata">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC31C6CFFB2C7ABCEB2FEE3F7BA" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">P. pallidoscutellata</emphasis>
(Zetterstedt, 1852)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C094D521C6CFFB2C0ACCE9DFC1FF7BA" authority="Stein, 1906" authorityName="Stein" authorityYear="1906" box="[641,931,1466,1492]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sociella">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC31C6CFFB2C0ACCE9DFD40F7BA" box="[641,764,1467,1492]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">P. sociella</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF984B201C6CFFB2C121CE9CFC25F7BA" author="Stein" box="[780,921,1466,1492]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" refString="Stein, P. (1906) Die mir bekannten europaischen Pegomyia - Arten. Wiener Entomologische Zeitung, 25, 44 - 107." type="journal article" year="1906">Stein, 1906</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, as very closely related to the
<taxonomicName id="4C094D521C6CFFB2C722CE9DFA20F7BA" box="[1295,1436,1467,1492]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculata">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC31C6CFFB2C722CE9DFA20F7BA" box="[1295,1436,1467,1492]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">P. maculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group. We agree, but also realize that a cladistic analysis using male and female characters of a broader species sample from the mushroom-feeding section of
<taxonomicName id="4C094D521C6CFFB2C152CD2EFC50F44F" box="[895,1004,1544,1569]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC31C6CFFB2C152CD2EFC50F44F" box="[895,1004,1544,1569]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Pegomya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
would be desirable in the attempt to attain a more accurate picture of the relationships. Unfortunately, females of many species are still not available for study.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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