treatments-xml/data/9A/CF/E8/9ACFE885204FE4E91F11E6D663D8C78C.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697" ID-GBIF-Dataset="89be094e-6732-48a6-b5aa-74053d16f748" ID-PMC="PMC9633978" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1066-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A" ID-PubMed="36479134" ID-ZooBank="133CE040A5AF44F1BC9A558C2F06A8AA" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1066-1" checkinTime="1635480455043" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Filander, Zoleka N., Kitahara, Marcelo V., Cairns, Stephen D., Sink, Kerry J. &amp; Lombard, Amanda T." docDate="2021" docId="9ACFE885204FE4E91F11E6D663D8C78C" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1066: 1-198" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1066" docPubDate="2021-10-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697" docTitle="Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) stellula Cairns 1998" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A" masterDocTitle="Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="198" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732486004380" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="8EB963C567CD85AF4EAAD8218032624D" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="30E1F000791D2A990B659EA494B9A0D3">
<mods:title id="DFD9DAA79890910F24458B77BED23515">Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from South Africa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="0F388C49D3FC4585E8AA210C1592710E" type="personal">
<mods:role id="A5CA06DB691DD640E0A222E30A5EA37B">
<mods:roleTerm id="A5148BC94F58507EEFA309CBEE0A3733">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F7ED2C07C56032981CEB251C66C07CA7">Filander, Zoleka N.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2C4BE9E202243BDEB4ABA12F4A3F17E9" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6905-4440</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="8C869F6CF2AC200FE967AAAA7E2F3ED6">Biodiversity and Coastal Research, Oceans and Coasts, Department of Environment, Forestry, and Fisheries, Cape Town, South Africa &amp; Zoology Department, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="84AB8FB4C0C229CCD9518D5F36870C3D" type="email">zfilander@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="80B1642DB88C4457DF7FFCCA284C2E17" type="personal">
<mods:role id="78A35AF90573BA7D6538AB7F0D331E34">
<mods:roleTerm id="300995F9A9023588FBC7F60722D4E5EB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C632CDCE009A2C896383AD00268126B0">Kitahara, Marcelo V.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="951D2739291D01624907F984AD01C2AB">Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Ciencias do Mar, Santos, Brazil &amp; Centro de Biologia Marinha, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Sebastiao, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="85228C7A91F07E57EDC1EE259BA609A1" type="personal">
<mods:role id="EBA7B7A91AFE441CA54E9600F68EBFCF">
<mods:roleTerm id="C3780E1E2B95FD970D5E3AC02E06AD94">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="8D8888674A3FDBD12A012989935BA7FD">Cairns, Stephen D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="71392562E007F1D71C9D7620A38D2B91">Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="4381D278FBB7857AFFF71AE064B7B3F6" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F46446111C004F2B900A5B302925F44D">
<mods:roleTerm id="82BC04BC41ABF07BA8917D9DA950F553">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="FE3AACA9CD319DDF5180C9D28C5DE7B2">Sink, Kerry J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5010AE5EF55E15CB04DD35FA24C22A11">South African National Biodiversity Institute, Cape Town, South Africa &amp; Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="7AC5CCE1F6E6844D15A456645D2A9BB9" type="personal">
<mods:role id="C20B1AAD7704DFAAA3B5F1598FCFD5FB">
<mods:roleTerm id="B3A6AC26F58F9FB954EE108548CE4F99">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5AC0E377951F6EED1FED8879C23ABEE1">Lombard, Amanda T.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="FF260D03F22A994DD130B6013EE74849">Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="B25CFECA3C388ADC9778A06B474228A5">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="948690834692A41AD0A8C6FB319C935A" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="2B7B0D33D00508A9849B9F264DC76E1B">
<mods:title id="5E9E328BD3B1D140778D304681F26D1C">ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="AA42ED694EE83776822148E82510D3BE">
<mods:date id="E5B5C61E8A99E716E92580F46947C723">2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="873FDA77A0DC9DF1C3909B34B731B139" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="A9A4569EA97FA8771963E016F0E8AC16">2021-10-28</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="3709994EB2C296834A68BA95B2204EC5" type="volume">
<mods:number id="853992FA6D98B91A77FE37B648D87DD8">1066</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="5FAC7AD13F119717215E0809505F1359" unit="page">
<mods:start id="F3E0A7D53ADC8BFDDE184A008EAE4AFF">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="54CD375764EB316D26A6B32CF25AE0AD">198</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="52902DA17AB208EB6761A59F55A2B8A8">
<mods:url id="339CE89B6E9619092E335E09F95BBA15">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="74FC0FAAB274D60F1FC2AE4F80B53D97">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="1787A726685BBBB48509A7AC952A132E" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2806911892E3729CAE882EA64004ABAD" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1066-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="20AF902868C2398B1E88B25F7552635D" type="ZooBank">133CE040A5AF44F1BC9A558C2F06A8AA</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7A79D4E301798F926819280D423A44B4" type="Pensoft-UUID">BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="9ACFE885204FE4E91F11E6D663D8C78C" ID-GBIF-Taxon="189600018" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9ACFE885204FE4E91F11E6D663D8C78C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9ACFE885204FE4E91F11E6D663D8C78C" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_class="Anthozoa" scope_family="Caryophylliidae" scope_order="Scleractinia" scope_phylum="Cnidaria" scope_subGenus="Caryophyllia">
<subSubSection id="C31EF6370AB3F8454FBD0D286F530408" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="2CA5F0E28246F46908091733F7D0788B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="E18F7210D5DA9DDD1384776F739290AD" ID-CoL="RJDM" authority="Cairns, 1998" authorityName="Cairns" authorityYear="1998" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Caryophyllia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) stellula" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="stellula" subGenus="Caryophyllia">Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) stellula Cairns, 1998</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A3648849F67A4D3E10074F0AF914627D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="64E1864EEAA3EAE3761BD8368CDD6DB4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation id="C3D8ED888BBBF9B740E2A6F839E5F0AE" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A, B Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) stellula (SAM _ H 1485, off Agulhas, 200 m) A calicular view B lateral view C, D Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) valdiviae (SAM _ H 3108, off Durban, depth unknown) C calicular view D lateral view E, F Crispatotrochus cornu (UCT _ NAD 17 F, off Isipingo, 49 m) E calicular view F lateral view G, J Desmophyllum dianthus G, H (SAMC _ A 077974, off Paternoster, 440 m) G calicular view H lateral view I, J (BMNH. 1939.7.20.218, locality data unknown) I calicular view J lateral view K, L Desmophyllum pertusum (SAM _ H 1605, off Melkbosstrand, depth unknown) K calicular view L lateral view M, N Goniocorella dumosa (SAM _ H 3190, off Kidds Beach, 760 m) M calicular view N lateral view O, P Heterocyathus aequicostatus (SAMC _ A 073186, off Durban, 150 m) O calicular view P lateral view Scale bars: 10 mm (A-I, K-P); 100 mm (J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604106" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 3A, B</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B7FCB6B605A651271C70E72B5D3576C1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="4FFF8FD10826B42F5F8208C71EC29D5E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="A505D9C95F6BB8838042B565DE899DB9" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Caryophyllia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caryophyllia epithecata" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="epithecata">Caryophyllia epithecata</taxonomicName>
. - 
<bibRefCitation id="872CF331619D280547DA1CA717AA5D36" author="Gardiner, J" journalOrPublisher="Marine Investigations of South Africa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="97 - 129" refId="B99" refString="Gardiner, J, 1904. The turbinolid corals of South Africa, with notes on their anatomy and variation. Marine Investigations of South Africa 3 (4): 97 - 129" title="The turbinolid corals of South Africa, with notes on their anatomy and variation." volume="3" year="1904">Gardiner 1904</bibRefCitation>
: 114-117, pl. 1, figs 3 A-C (in part: localities I-V). - 
<bibRefCitation id="9D7D4487584FC9AD1B9A0280E16E1275" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 292" refId="B50" refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292" title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology." volume="103" year="1993">Cairns and Keller 1993</bibRefCitation>
: 219.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6BEA2094C9AB70E097F62E9A3A53FA1B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="EF5C15575A7A71220CDE9F2103EBFDE9" authorityName="Cairns" authorityYear="1998" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Caryophyllia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) stellula" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="stellula" subGenus="Caryophyllia">Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) stellula</taxonomicName>
Cairns, 1998: 375-376, fig. 2A-C
<bibRefCitation id="5855363E571C37916B318A473CFDE01D" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="259 - 329" refId="B45" refString="Cairns, S, 2004a. The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 56: 259 - 329" title="The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia." volume="56" year="2004 a">. -Cairns 2004a</bibRefCitation>
: 278.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="82C7D7A08168533765C1DB21786FB564" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="E4AF1469DFBA3B698EECF16AC5F591C4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="21D5390112DB568ADEA234852F764E73" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Off west of Rottnest Island, Australia (RV 
<normalizedToken id="16BD86DA4150F34ED0FD3A4846A912F1" originalValue="‘Diamantina’">'Diamantina'</normalizedToken>
stn. 25: 
<geoCoordinate id="125629E36B04BBD00CE33CD45FA8CC83" degrees="31" direction="south" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="00.0" value="-31.8">31°48'00.0&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="99632F821E906091E0D44E9AAA1EE6A0" degrees="114" direction="east" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="12.0" value="114.97">114°58'12.0&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
); 402 m (
<bibRefCitation id="617A06F8D60A48B7C1BB4A48C0DCB811" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Western Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="361 - 417" refId="B40" refString="Cairns, S, 1998. Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum 18: 361 - 417" title="Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia." volume="18" year="1998">Cairns 1998</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8DB4D5C938D470DFABA96AA42E8F505B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph id="5FB415C0A492F615C70B661DC14A70E8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4BE37E6845A42C85F4620D018CDB4990" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The holotype is deposited at the WAM (
<bibRefCitation id="0B6F5EA34DE393CB8156399E8196B600" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Western Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="361 - 417" refId="B40" refString="Cairns, S, 1998. Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum 18: 361 - 417" title="Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia." volume="18" year="1998">Cairns 1998</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="991C86BF491720842F3E119EE1DC7F3D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="9D0FB0657EBB25E60197C39DD374B667" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="73BF552AC8E48C514A33CAD0E72163CF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation id="B3A82889C487A4ACCB58ED1C18879784" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="Buffels Wes Estuary" latitude="-34.73017" location="Point" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.120562" municipality="Southern" specimenCount="11" stateProvince="Cape">
DEFF_SVMEC-INV190 (
<specimenCount id="B947B30B1E3B2227D2C238609376813D" type="generic">11 specimen</specimenCount>
): 
<collectingMunicipality id="E1E6DB94DF89EEDED77A486EA38F13F9">Southern</collectingMunicipality>
margin, 
<quantity id="1C59D882D597783AF6B193B168BBCC12" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" unit="km" value="54.0">54 km</quantity>
from 
<collectingRegion id="E1C4A0BD94DA54D79A327DA5F4B95BBF" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape">Cape</collectingRegion>
<location id="FD8DD184699BFA6D5167622358AEBCA9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9ACFE885204FE4E91F11E6D663D8C78C:FD8DD184699BFA6D5167622358AEBCA9" latitude="-34.73017" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.120562" municipality="Southern" name="Point" stateProvince="Cape">Point</location>
/ 
<quantity id="4E692BE155C986DACD9E848567B2987B" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" unit="km" value="56.0">56 km</quantity>
off 
<collectorName id="03DF0A76719E2C532B79DED4A382FB7C">Buffels Wes Estuary</collectorName>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="23A507009F76F0FB177EC649F365ACB8" degrees="34" direction="south" minutes="43" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="48.62" value="-34.73017">34°43'48.62&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="06052BE0B9B7B818559C01D4C8D8AC8B" degrees="18" direction="east" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="14.02" value="18.120562">18°07'14.02&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="C41308FC93421D0FDC4534457819AB15" accessionNumber="A32776" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" elevation="389" latitude="-34.73017" location="Ratels" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.120562" municipality="Southern" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<quantity id="780705C96B006E6BA635A39A285B821F" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8899999999999997" metricValueMax="3.9200000000000004" metricValueMin="3.8600000000000003" unit="m" value="389.0" valueMax="392.0" valueMin="386.0">
<elevation id="03A512BC9DB5C26E594A7CABB8655AF5" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8899999999999997" metricValueMax="3.9200000000000004" metricValueMin="3.8600000000000003" unit="m" value="389.0" valueMax="392.0" valueMin="386.0">
386- 
<specimenCount id="AF4AE7EEAB024DD19A9A32244B78AF2F" type="generic">392m.</specimenCount>
</elevation>
</quantity>
DEFF/SAEON_ 
<accessionNumber id="DD38BFF1FE97A8AFD77D569D66596516" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/A32776">A32776</accessionNumber>
(
<specimenCount id="526FEADE7FC8475D8E6385B8FA0B7A63" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
): 
<collectingMunicipality id="F6F59C52971CC2113760B68A0CB34EB8">Southern</collectingMunicipality>
margin, 
<quantity id="1A99CC80A51C81A732B46EF4BEF3B176" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="km" value="200.0">200 km</quantity>
from KNYSNA/ 
<quantity id="E7E40FC6524B596AA493CDD56FC8C8D7" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" unit="km" value="210.0">210 km</quantity>
off 
<location id="3A3F7AFD0548AC0DFE621C8648B1BAB9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9ACFE885204FE4E91F11E6D663D8C78C:3A3F7AFD0548AC0DFE621C8648B1BAB9" latitude="-34.73017" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.120562" municipality="Southern" name="Ratels" stateProvince="Western Cape">Ratels</location>
Estuary, 
<geoCoordinate id="2C92C5585BC715E1E8297C03929A633A" degrees="34" direction="south" minutes="43" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="48.62" value="-34.73017">34°43'48.62&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="30BCE820849754EAA42A24495A2F5F8A" degrees="18" direction="east" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="14.02" value="18.120562">18°07'14.02&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="B7E90F0869434359CFF52BBFBF8E3169" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="St Lucia Estuary" elevation="636" latitude="-28.1383" location="Vidal" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.614998" municipality="Eastern" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cape">
<specimenCount id="C72E785733823D85547A11278A45A332" type="generic">
<quantity id="68F74B7F8047C4612831A2B5E39B69DE" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.36" unit="m" value="636.0">
<elevation id="53A261AE490A930497DBC007BE017E6D" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.36" unit="m" value="636.0">636 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
SAMC_A073140 (
<specimenCount id="27C0CEEEDB03D87B574EB33EBD272271" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
): 
<collectingMunicipality id="73438DAA16F4C23D8F3E43FC99CC69E6">Eastern</collectingMunicipality>
margin, 
<quantity id="677CC8DF52485A587FC6E028196D9550" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
off 
<collectingRegion id="6253F7F333B2711D24A34545D132FBE4" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape">Cape</collectingRegion>
<location id="67DCEC1D0A7903BEEBCF35C5F52EAED7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9ACFE885204FE4E91F11E6D663D8C78C:67DCEC1D0A7903BEEBCF35C5F52EAED7" latitude="-28.1383" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.614998" municipality="Eastern" name="Vidal" stateProvince="Cape">Vidal</location>
/ 
<quantity id="AF4D2C1027E6888666E87E4CB7F7D7E2" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" unit="km" value="17.0">17 km</quantity>
off 
<collectorName id="D705C927B173FF9CC680F24EBFEC0A7A">St Lucia Estuary</collectorName>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="CD0248F4E7CAADAF689106608784B9BD" degrees="28" direction="south" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="17.88" value="-28.1383">28°08'17.88&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="ADCB5DFD6F70AE0D43A0B0F8A651BDBD" degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="54.00" value="32.614998">32°36'54.00&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="62D81E4DB5FC7FC20729B8C16CFBC180" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Southern" elevation="200" latitude="-36.04155" location="Ratels" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="19.690168" municipality="Agulhas" specimenCount="8" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<specimenCount id="1C3DA3FB20501366B1BEB6982EFB43A2" type="generic">
<quantity id="E266E3924168B0C72E2A8DC3976EA48B" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="200.0">
<elevation id="E5F24E870BE05975FDA9DA2DA18697EC" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
SAMC_A088909 (
<specimenCount id="D920F72C1AA0553D658EADA2949B9177" type="generic">8 specimens</specimenCount>
): 
<collectingCounty id="05ECE2B5F40393F898BB8FBE8BE155FB">Southern</collectingCounty>
margin, 
<quantity id="9B81A6DD63E5F5E241DA15C009168EA6" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" unit="km" value="140.0">140 km</quantity>
off 
<collectingMunicipality id="2CE0DF54E8351F4C795A96D9F2D168BF">Agulhas</collectingMunicipality>
/ 
<quantity id="4A90C7EDBBFEECED40C5C9F7FDFFDA03" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.44" unit="km" value="144.0">144 km</quantity>
off 
<location id="B6C4FD564937627E83FB1970805C615D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9ACFE885204FE4E91F11E6D663D8C78C:B6C4FD564937627E83FB1970805C615D" county="Southern" latitude="-36.04155" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="19.690168" municipality="Agulhas" name="Ratels" stateProvince="Western Cape">Ratels</location>
Estuary, 
<geoCoordinate id="1C5EC18CA1B5C9AC4E71A30DD8FCD663" degrees="36" direction="south" minutes="02" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="29.58" value="-36.04155">36°02'29.58&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="E63EC4E17871EE514A60A7B859660308" degrees="19" direction="east" minutes="41" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="24.61" value="19.690168">19°41'24.61&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="7292DB915E9BCAC2916A5793B8C35437" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Southern" elevation="445" latitude="-36.04155" location="Ratels" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="19.690168" municipality="Agulhas" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<specimenCount id="B1DD5928EC36857BEB4424DA00715746" type="generic">
<quantity id="A3A31FB28D31AA024905AD7831ABB947" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.45" unit="m" value="445.0">
<elevation id="AB67BB599D77BCD36BE07F90833FAA81" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.45" unit="m" value="445.0">445 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
SAMC_A088922 (
<specimenCount id="AA96CDBDCAC0276CFC1828F252796C56" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
): 
<collectingCounty id="8E0B0739C0AF973755478AF1D5674A73">Southern</collectingCounty>
margin, 
<quantity id="4DE0A994332264D70A4487D7A8727D43" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" unit="km" value="140.0">140 km</quantity>
off 
<collectingMunicipality id="CE81413494716D5308ECDEBC5054B820">Agulhas</collectingMunicipality>
/ 
<quantity id="BD94767E99503FECFE05AA2824DDEA21" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.44" unit="km" value="144.0">144 km</quantity>
off 
<location id="AB75F89E2C483196A0EA6A5EEADA5963" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9ACFE885204FE4E91F11E6D663D8C78C:AB75F89E2C483196A0EA6A5EEADA5963" county="Southern" latitude="-36.04155" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="19.690168" municipality="Agulhas" name="Ratels" stateProvince="Western Cape">Ratels</location>
Estuary, 
<geoCoordinate id="305F85E6677F9566ED9170894B4F62C3" degrees="36" direction="south" minutes="02" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="29.58" value="-36.04155">36°02'29.58&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9AE487212649F23194D6EEBF2F3AAAE9" degrees="19" direction="east" minutes="41" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="24.61" value="19.690168">19°41'24.61&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="34EF90D35AE68488FF599A9145344ECE" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="Bulura Estuary" elevation="454" latitude="-36.04155" location="Agulhas" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="19.690168" municipality="Southern" specimenCount="4" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<quantity id="617BE5B89B36FA471AEB79491820FB42" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.54" metricValueMax="4.63" metricValueMin="4.45" unit="m" value="454.0" valueMax="463.0" valueMin="445.0">
<elevation id="0CCDCD5CB6DF380E75DCBA7CF0B144C4" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.54" metricValueMax="4.63" metricValueMin="4.45" unit="m" value="454.0" valueMax="463.0" valueMin="445.0">
445- 
<specimenCount id="19144E3B5DE85D202FC0FE907192F821" type="generic">463 m.</specimenCount>
</elevation>
</quantity>
SAMC_A088923 (
<specimenCount id="728D15094F381139A93A91D18FD8E0F0" type="generic">4 specimens</specimenCount>
): 
<collectingMunicipality id="80DD4BD01D5F132850BCA92A812ADEF9">Southern</collectingMunicipality>
margin, 
<quantity id="C98D7C229509935ADFD6E1A4B25CE183" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" unit="km" value="140.0">140 km</quantity>
off 
<location id="086D359B26E5F91C65D4BAD63CCF0A6B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9ACFE885204FE4E91F11E6D663D8C78C:086D359B26E5F91C65D4BAD63CCF0A6B" latitude="-36.04155" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="19.690168" municipality="Southern" name="Agulhas" stateProvince="Western Cape">Agulhas</location>
/ 
<locationDeviation id="BD167797F289B72A608BCA715D677617" location="Ratels">
<quantity id="9946E9627CAD7A82207A9E0707039302" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.44" unit="km" value="144.0">144 km</quantity>
Ratels
</locationDeviation>
off 
<collectorName id="38898F7ACE022EBD54230301BA572980">Bulura Estuary</collectorName>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="3776BD344FEF8A83C296E3EE77FEB0C7" degrees="36" direction="south" minutes="02" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="29.58" value="-36.04155">36°02'29.58&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="595941C014F3BDD86B93E2EA206188A5" degrees="19" direction="east" minutes="41" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="24.61" value="19.690168">19°41'24.61&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="BBCDEAF0EFA93E057D7F0FD8C1F104EA" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="Slang Estuary" elevation="454" latitude="-34.784725" location="St. Francis" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="24.76175" municipality="Southern" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Cape">
<quantity id="31607DBE5AF6E7CE154C07F4A332C319" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.54" metricValueMax="4.63" metricValueMin="4.45" unit="m" value="454.0" valueMax="463.0" valueMin="445.0">
<elevation id="93F9DC7D4D418BAF0BBAE23AE5101276" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.54" metricValueMax="4.63" metricValueMin="4.45" unit="m" value="454.0" valueMax="463.0" valueMin="445.0">
445- 
<specimenCount id="D8F147877D896D1996F313D486F6A075" type="generic">463 m.</specimenCount>
</elevation>
</quantity>
SAMC_A088928 (
<specimenCount id="D7A547C985932F3FBBD8F4EA4C854C3B" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
): 
<collectingMunicipality id="767EB72F74B119B254F6FA0614DAEF8E">Southern</collectingMunicipality>
margin, 
<quantity id="FE87151DEE824A20986B420449326EA6" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" unit="km" value="65.0">65 km</quantity>
off 
<collectingRegion id="B299B111C5ECC3E80EE85280BDD4AC18" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape">Cape</collectingRegion>
<location id="20A3E2F26D4D2A08DF6D78C5FDA492EF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9ACFE885204FE4E91F11E6D663D8C78C:20A3E2F26D4D2A08DF6D78C5FDA492EF" latitude="-34.784725" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="24.76175" municipality="Southern" name="St. Francis" stateProvince="Cape">St. Francis</location>
/ 
<quantity id="2A92D0C0F89C02812F4F4C48B95D273B" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" unit="km" value="70.0">70 km</quantity>
off 
<collectorName id="1A40D1921AC7751BBA3BBB1D3FAF00D9">Slang Estuary</collectorName>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="33C25F7808607D3793A481FDA17D1E77" degrees="34" direction="south" minutes="47" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="05.01" value="-34.784725">34°47'05.01&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="902C77B589B7BC4725BBCFCE55C596EA" degrees="24" direction="east" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="42.30" value="24.76175">24°45'42.30&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="0A84CB0139FB45FAA4FDF8E2E11AEACA" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="De Mond-Heuningnes Estuary" elevation="392" latitude="-36.75948" location="Agulhas" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="21.212948" municipality="Southern" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<specimenCount id="050AF3CA38646BC19038EA3099F7BA24" type="generic">
<quantity id="F3F5E464BAB9C7DE87388800DB562CA5" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.92" unit="m" value="392.0">
<elevation id="832E5CEE3FF80D7CB8D6EAB3F999725D" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.92" unit="m" value="392.0">392 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
SAMC_A090127 (
<specimenCount id="EB1C5C1927C7BF2ECA85F5B326AFCB37" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
): 
<collectingMunicipality id="A1A7A6335CAFD6CD6DFF1B948CC13ABC">Southern</collectingMunicipality>
margin, 
<quantity id="8F9EBE502A07E925FBC9BBD5FDBF2898" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" unit="km" value="240.0">240 km</quantity>
off 
<location id="A4AFDD9F17A372BEA4255E2290A64DB4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9ACFE885204FE4E91F11E6D663D8C78C:A4AFDD9F17A372BEA4255E2290A64DB4" latitude="-36.75948" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="21.212948" municipality="Southern" name="Agulhas" stateProvince="Western Cape">Agulhas</location>
/ 
<quantity id="B4C9EC28D62303A96E9A5EC2699E3251" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4699999999999998" unit="km" value="247.0">247 km</quantity>
off 
<collectorName id="F3EE9CFB45912B8C41B8B535C8253655">De Mond-Heuningnes Estuary</collectorName>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="A39C55EB6C3BF26143DA346F27DB39A0" degrees="36" direction="south" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="34.13" value="-36.75948">36°45'34.13&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="2F14E1B3435558A484C7C88867AD1FC6" degrees="21" direction="east" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="46.61" value="21.212948">21°12'46.61&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="F5DFBA001DE6DADA00BA97AE0F4E626E" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="Goukamma Estuary" elevation="513" latitude="-35.119797" location="Knysna" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="23.044975" municipality="Southern" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<specimenCount id="AF100822A7E00266495D78603E2F117F" type="generic">
<quantity id="A0DCC8336DDF60796B76B252172AA03A" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.13" unit="m" value="513.0">
<elevation id="4A6355BD777C8F4CA3619C9A498DDBD3" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.13" unit="m" value="513.0">513 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
SAMC_A090145 (
<specimenCount id="6CC9B292849B1C0F69672D690F8537C9" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
): 
<collectingMunicipality id="F682A53334747FB69389392BFDBF17D8">Southern</collectingMunicipality>
margin, 
<quantity id="5561E161499CBE752849421480479888" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.16" unit="km" value="116.0">116 km</quantity>
off 
<location id="8C960CE90A06B0DB7A08C3690D7983A7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9ACFE885204FE4E91F11E6D663D8C78C:8C960CE90A06B0DB7A08C3690D7983A7" latitude="-35.119797" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="23.044975" municipality="Southern" name="Knysna" stateProvince="Western Cape">Knysna</location>
/off 
<collectorName id="317A9A6D383DE9076F383544F26DF08C">Goukamma Estuary</collectorName>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="A4B4C4672B217045B69ED489C3676464" degrees="35" direction="south" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="11.27" value="-35.119797">35°07'11.27&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="00378375FB73C2A6C69E9A57AD401E09" degrees="23" direction="east" minutes="02" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="41.91" value="23.044975">23°02'41.91&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="C4D02944B2487873BEDFF53C9AFDC8F7" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="Gouda Estuary" elevation="333" latitude="-33.084232" location="East London" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="27.825945" municipality="Southern" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<specimenCount id="20728485309BA2C5CADE8ED1CE6FCC6C" type="generic">
<quantity id="B794091470325A40C5E3305E0C5DC457" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3299999999999996" unit="m" value="333.0">
<elevation id="7F17A385497BBC9443577673989E2998" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3299999999999996" unit="m" value="333.0">333 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
<emphasis id="0EE4657E3A3CC7B188DDB314B8411C41" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
SAM_H1378 (
<specimenCount id="45AD3A6562C9A1356BF88B56A1C6527B" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
)
</emphasis>
: 
<collectingMunicipality id="8EE1FA117DE3B031D4B5CADF0FA6A6EF">Southern</collectingMunicipality>
margin: 
<quantity id="EE469DCE62C42BB5FFDAE8A99C64D2BE" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="km" value="11.0">11 km</quantity>
off 
<location id="C5D1B1AC810961E0DF59168EEAA88E11" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9ACFE885204FE4E91F11E6D663D8C78C:C5D1B1AC810961E0DF59168EEAA88E11" latitude="-33.084232" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="27.825945" municipality="Southern" name="East London" stateProvince="Western Cape">East London</location>
/ 
<quantity id="780D9E447AFDFE872B33C820F162CBDD" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
off 
<collectorName id="9B5D4FE567AEAB175589BB883C68519C">Gouda Estuary</collectorName>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="5ECCC4DD92CFBAF05FBEC3F4EA41FBB1" degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="03.24" value="-33.084232">33°05'03.24&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="278BEF954E34EF2EAAFCD1F5A16AF90F" degrees="27" direction="east" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="33.40" value="27.825945">27°49'33.40&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="6D5B8EE3F2DED6AC67C1ED795AB02B83" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="Saldanha, Floodplain Estuary" county="No" elevation="192" latitude="-33.10833" location="Berg River" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.03333" municipality="Western" specimenCount="27" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<quantity id="67C871CB669F2F4C4C557F8B18EA83ED" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.92" metricValueMax="2.38" metricValueMin="1.46" unit="m" value="192.0" valueMax="238.0" valueMin="146.0">
<elevation id="18AE3AD075947C5E7875EF0B7E1131DB" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.92" metricValueMax="2.38" metricValueMin="1.46" unit="m" value="192.0" valueMax="238.0" valueMin="146.0">
146- 
<specimenCount id="091749C2EEC5F3A9C665A5E96631C6FF" type="generic">238 m.</specimenCount>
</elevation>
</quantity>
<emphasis id="D2ED62490767599EC0F4D3A09C6F37C7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
SAM_H1394 (
<specimenCount id="0615137A23C664CF4F968F5C7F451A21" type="generic">25 specimens</specimenCount>
)
</emphasis>
: 
<collectingCounty id="EB1E3183B25AAF5BAC967171A93DC7FD">No</collectingCounty>
locality data. SAM_H1396 (
<specimenCount id="102D69FE24A9E5AE54A50B114C6F7666" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
): 
<collectingMunicipality id="A32EA9829F2544C78B57555E084BD522">Western</collectingMunicipality>
margin, 
<quantity id="F8F84C78CE84421CFCA00D2A02BA8DF7" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" unit="km" value="14.0">14 km</quantity>
off 
<collectorName id="1E6BDF3D182B2B37F32E1DF6366D920E">Saldanha</collectorName>
/ 
<quantity id="AC44ACDF59B12ADF107FE710DCFC30FA" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" unit="km" value="31.0">31 km</quantity>
off 
<location id="56E667091E55FCDD6679175759B7AB07" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9ACFE885204FE4E91F11E6D663D8C78C:56E667091E55FCDD6679175759B7AB07" county="No" latitude="-33.10833" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.03333" municipality="Western" name="Berg River" stateProvince="Western Cape">Berg River</location>
I 
<collectorName id="F037C02E622BACCEB79A4F94501CBE76">Floodplain Estuary</collectorName>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="C2F71DBED1AD2D3E5D62ACDD05E84094" degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="06" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="29.99" value="-33.10833">33°06'29.99&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="754762DCFD0625FCE9360CB2A246FBE1" degrees="18" direction="east" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="59.99" value="18.03333">18°01'59.99&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="7E79991ED8E1D4D4BC96FCE76D2FD53D" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="Buffels Wes Estuary" elevation="347" latitude="-34.361843" location="Point" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.50335" municipality="Western" specimenCount="8" stateProvince="Cape">
<specimenCount id="745637927B4CFB1DABE677BC5A659259" type="generic">
<quantity id="BBCEF9B5AACE058B97D8CF004D167720" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.47" unit="m" value="347.0">
<elevation id="38A0D9BC358E1BC34010922EB1EE6D89" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.47" unit="m" value="347.0">347 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
SAM_H1418 (
<specimenCount id="740CDCBFA06BC12B1F90A58614FAB34B" type="generic">8 specimens</specimenCount>
): 
<collectingMunicipality id="EA1D68D8EB1A2A729F3A87F5B24443E6">Western</collectingMunicipality>
margin, 
<quantity id="7C3536F5666B6B35DF136C0A6F1EE383" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
off 
<collectingRegion id="90857D0A7F4F7E436EEF26C9F7CE33A5" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape">Cape</collectingRegion>
<location id="D9FB3C8B1DA6B2C1772045F0E5D44B8A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9ACFE885204FE4E91F11E6D663D8C78C:D9FB3C8B1DA6B2C1772045F0E5D44B8A" latitude="-34.361843" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.50335" municipality="Western" name="Point" stateProvince="Cape">Point</location>
/ 
<quantity id="B1ED6FB2C4925B159C2A23E8331489C9" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
off 
<collectorName id="6A6C0C907A14A61982273C28780DC775">Buffels Wes Estuary</collectorName>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EC7BBC7F471B9F8638DAC2515DB78574" degrees="34" direction="south" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="42.64" value="-34.361843">34°21'42.64&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="7868A01FC1A4AD89D3480E5F8FF528C7" degrees="18" direction="east" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="12.06" value="18.50335">18°30'12.06&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="64E22843F9A3BB441186C48E61B1BA7A" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="Buffels Wes Estuary" elevation="549" latitude="-34.361843" location="Point" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.50335" municipality="Western" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Cape">
<specimenCount id="7913F3725093B34CC60EBB2C90867A01" type="generic">
<quantity id="90BCC9B195E21D4E1377229E0D482C48" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.49" unit="m" value="549.0">
<elevation id="B2D91CE6AB12C311CCDDF8B41CEED355" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.49" unit="m" value="549.0">549 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
SAM_H1421 (
<specimenCount id="A6297F6F4DFABE3EB5D2CBE6FD450C8A" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
): 
<collectingMunicipality id="9DA917161FCD2DBB7A5A0D94DAF1584A">Western</collectingMunicipality>
margin 
<quantity id="1C54888276E038372B82134B5358C849" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
off 
<collectingRegion id="656F2E4DBC4A18BB9A299CF3F02F6BB5" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape">Cape</collectingRegion>
<location id="F63766925D28B861D36AB30649829323" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9ACFE885204FE4E91F11E6D663D8C78C:F63766925D28B861D36AB30649829323" latitude="-34.361843" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.50335" municipality="Western" name="Point" stateProvince="Cape">Point</location>
/ 
<quantity id="EE0D4D8C9702AFEC7953FCB139DC4245" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
off 
<collectorName id="4049FB0BD9B96DE29297EB524100E50F">Buffels Wes Estuary</collectorName>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="B040FD08B66B8CE2AB3619E4DB526032" degrees="34" direction="south" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="42.64" value="-34.361843">34°21'42.64&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="7E4CB59A2650660D234054EA0FE74A3B" degrees="18" direction="east" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="12.06" value="18.50335">18°30'12.06&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="BE007ACC720BF3608FFD7919F1849EFF" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="Buffels Wes Estuary" elevation="796" latitude="-34.361843" location="Point" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.50335" municipality="Western" specimenCount="16" stateProvince="Cape">
<quantity id="85EBD31ACD469CDE27EA809F408D86A7" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.955" metricValueMax="10.24" metricValueMin="5.67" unit="m" value="795.5" valueMax="1024.0" valueMin="567.0">
<elevation id="E01EB7CC6C28FE372C0AED32F7157511" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.955" metricValueMax="10.24" metricValueMin="5.67" unit="m" value="795.5" valueMax="1024.0" valueMin="567.0">567-1024 m</elevation>
</quantity>
. SAM_H1433 (
<specimenCount id="F621390E9E39FEF2A3C368287A64B27B" type="generic">16 specimens</specimenCount>
): 
<collectingMunicipality id="810D43790BC4984F52B764143442E290">Western</collectingMunicipality>
margin, 
<quantity id="28F65EB0E0443E25283CB45902407E43" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
off 
<collectingRegion id="DBA475F11E2859BCAD51961D77706206" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape">Cape</collectingRegion>
<location id="708F3F93F7B6F5F820F586A2FEF69451" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9ACFE885204FE4E91F11E6D663D8C78C:708F3F93F7B6F5F820F586A2FEF69451" latitude="-34.361843" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.50335" municipality="Western" name="Point" stateProvince="Cape">Point</location>
/ 
<quantity id="92B481835B472E9261212351AB67D2B9" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
off 
<collectorName id="395085748AA5152DE7BB1B4DB09D3735">Buffels Wes Estuary</collectorName>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="27D1073F7192682A02B9F79B0E10E230" degrees="34" direction="south" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="42.64" value="-34.361843">34°21'42.64&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EC5D14D61837649E2FF422D279996238" degrees="18" direction="east" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="12.06" value="18.50335">18°30'12.06&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="D97FFB9534F09422CF4E7A1B77CAB7E2" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="Hartenbos Estuary" elevation="653" latitude="-34.186146" location="Mosselbaai" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="22.161274" municipality="Southern" specimenCount="44" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<quantity id="76FC2CFD1DA9D591F6C1BCF936722D16" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.529999999999999" metricValueMax="7.32" metricValueMin="5.74" unit="m" value="653.0" valueMax="732.0" valueMin="574.0">
<elevation id="0163A50E0F13EF22F44126DF1419E038" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.529999999999999" metricValueMax="7.32" metricValueMin="5.74" unit="m" value="653.0" valueMax="732.0" valueMin="574.0">
574- 
<specimenCount id="10208B726A39F7F904A9E38E49988357" type="generic">732 m.</specimenCount>
</elevation>
</quantity>
SAM_H1436 (
<specimenCount id="54F813B465E5F5313B25428ED76F58E8" type="generic">44 specimens</specimenCount>
): 
<collectingMunicipality id="1C81340140FB12F310FC2354F1F7F957">Southern</collectingMunicipality>
margin, 
<quantity id="5CEE0550635612487EA027E463066E8E" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
off 
<location id="3D1FC4AA6B8FF191559DE4FAB27487FD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9ACFE885204FE4E91F11E6D663D8C78C:3D1FC4AA6B8FF191559DE4FAB27487FD" latitude="-34.186146" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="22.161274" municipality="Southern" name="Mosselbaai" stateProvince="Western Cape">Mosselbaai</location>
/ 
<quantity id="2839EA479CC18AF1ECB737D908E2FD21" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="km" value="11.0">11 km</quantity>
off 
<collectorName id="165BEA5FFAF5C3A3A9C96F82A365BAEB">Hartenbos Estuary</collectorName>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="44F5CB82D08C5182061F25131250172F" degrees="34" direction="south" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="10.12" value="-34.186146">34°11'10.12&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="A0D8A6082915DF790616394FB1CFD8F8" degrees="22" direction="east" minutes="09" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="40.59" value="22.161274">22°09'40.59&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="5F3D6E6BC99BE7CD1B061EE17F467395" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="De Mond-Heuningnes Estuary" elevation="174" latitude="-36.666668" location="Agulhas" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="21.43333" municipality="Southern" specimenCount="92" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<quantity id="CC38D806983692756367F3D527AE8A65" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7399999999999998" metricValueMax="1.83" metricValueMin="1.65" unit="m" value="174.0" valueMax="183.0" valueMin="165.0">
<elevation id="A0527F515D431726B46CE4837808BCDA" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7399999999999998" metricValueMax="1.83" metricValueMin="1.65" unit="m" value="174.0" valueMax="183.0" valueMin="165.0">
165- 
<specimenCount id="6ED5EAAD0C55CBBB3515C2AFA7C7D1C0" type="generic">183 m.</specimenCount>
</elevation>
</quantity>
SAM_H1448 (
<specimenCount id="D9BEC7470C9B227C9C7CB875F912D23A" type="generic">92 specimens</specimenCount>
): 
<collectingMunicipality id="FF54DCF2C6CB8E62EB6B71D2D3EB23C6">Southern</collectingMunicipality>
margin, 
<quantity id="2EC6B09EA77904D70BB6070750598D7F" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.41" unit="km" value="241.0">241 km</quantity>
off 
<location id="6FC845DA29A8B940FEC82D06DD94536A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9ACFE885204FE4E91F11E6D663D8C78C:6FC845DA29A8B940FEC82D06DD94536A" latitude="-36.666668" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="21.43333" municipality="Southern" name="Agulhas" stateProvince="Western Cape">Agulhas</location>
/ 
<quantity id="52483E8136D254F3CFA65E586FDF8417" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4699999999999998" unit="km" value="247.0">247 km</quantity>
off 
<collectorName id="FDD844F3D8ACF2D1FE5CFF2A75018473">De Mond-Heuningnes Estuary</collectorName>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="BADD67358A749D9872B3ACF941CB4C23" degrees="36" direction="south" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="00.00" value="-36.666668">36°40'00.00&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="479DBFFFB506FC712292BB4979320C0F" degrees="21" direction="east" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="59.99" value="21.43333">21°25'59.99&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="4C8CCB6127055D758F8B5E58115B0510" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="De Mond-Heuningnes Estuary" elevation="200" latitude="-36.666668" location="Agulhas" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="21.43333" municipality="Southern" specimenCount="72" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<specimenCount id="70A213A5FA57F5A569500E2EDC519C99" type="generic">
<quantity id="FDCD78198ED6D6981E6EFF89D96328A2" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="200.0">
<elevation id="E670D7A14476829BF959598871D1A838" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
SAM_H1485 (
<specimenCount id="07E1636FB4C5160532B9075592F24B33" type="generic">72 specimens</specimenCount>
): 
<collectingMunicipality id="636D42B086E04E85B68062938E99467A">Southern</collectingMunicipality>
margin, 
<quantity id="697D990B669DD26D2066EA3529B13415" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.41" unit="km" value="241.0">241 km</quantity>
off 
<location id="0E3362D115D67B1CEE7406EA84C5014B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9ACFE885204FE4E91F11E6D663D8C78C:0E3362D115D67B1CEE7406EA84C5014B" latitude="-36.666668" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="21.43333" municipality="Southern" name="Agulhas" stateProvince="Western Cape">Agulhas</location>
/ 
<quantity id="D3891B26D680AEC2D018970858519CC6" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4699999999999998" unit="km" value="247.0">247 km</quantity>
off 
<collectorName id="169BEBD7FAF86419431958D60A9CC21D">De Mond-Heuningnes Estuary</collectorName>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="C9E2FA4BC552DF80723F93B8D1D2DEDE" degrees="36" direction="south" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="00.00" value="-36.666668">36°40'00.00&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="D01E2D926188527ACB4AF20BF3731EED" degrees="21" direction="east" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="59.99" value="21.43333">21°25'59.99&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="20FDF59D9F892F69EED857DCEC9C4929" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="Hartenbos Estuary" elevation="200" latitude="-34.186146" location="Mosselbaai" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="22.161274" municipality="Southern" specimenCount="21" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<specimenCount id="839E5614FDE4FB3517A70C473EF931C4" type="generic">
<quantity id="AEB3FA38482CA7771761C61E3483C11D" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="200.0">
<elevation id="D9B74A99B4478844CA924F6AC49FD2BC" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
SAM_H3056 (
<specimenCount id="A544D3DB6AED5DC577D72A65551F6D41" type="generic">21 specimen</specimenCount>
): 
<collectingMunicipality id="D0A0D5B1EE3421AE8CC6748E85540084">Southern</collectingMunicipality>
margin, 
<quantity id="9C35713355D99208B1374DEB673FFB7E" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
off 
<location id="CC39A7A04E6EFD5E7D77F9A24C6CD1EB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9ACFE885204FE4E91F11E6D663D8C78C:CC39A7A04E6EFD5E7D77F9A24C6CD1EB" latitude="-34.186146" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="22.161274" municipality="Southern" name="Mosselbaai" stateProvince="Western Cape">Mosselbaai</location>
/ 
<quantity id="43F8E11925468067D8C4F03A85689C44" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="km" value="11.0">11 km</quantity>
off 
<collectorName id="52E8701E93C52F07EACB3136BC080551">Hartenbos Estuary</collectorName>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="BAD836D6F199663BA5C86678C48597A3" degrees="34" direction="south" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="10.12" value="-34.186146">34°11'10.12&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="7158A990AABC2F64431BECC16BD72DC3" degrees="22" direction="east" minutes="09" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="40.59" value="22.161274">22°09'40.59&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="203B9E8EC02F65BBB083EB016CB39F8D" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="South Africa" elevation="229" location="South Africa" specimenCount="2">
<specimenCount id="00FBC1072E35B509FF9CA4F4CBD1B3E7" type="generic">
<quantity id="C35C6E621220EBC4879D9B1238A140F8" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.29" unit="m" value="229.0">
<elevation id="CA7749B255BC3C38700C9638DC2E7B39" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.29" unit="m" value="229.0">229 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
SAM_H3059 (
<specimenCount id="290BB67A3A31E232BA0B6B47B5394944" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
): 
<collectingCountry id="F5B9CB8395FF92BC1586AB8954ECF33F" name="South Africa">South Africa</collectingCountry>
, no other locality data
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58922CE3F55541C9418F3ACA4E141861" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="imagery data">
<paragraph id="EBA11E67AB232EF6810CF887401795C5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Imagery data.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3FD66230C76D77548CE258C63DAE5220" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
BMNH 1939.7.20.249-251 (2 specimens): South Africa, locality data unknown. RV 
<normalizedToken id="1F825411FDD83FD574C02375BEAEBC40" originalValue="‘Galathea’">'Galathea'</normalizedToken>
stn. 202 (3 specimens): Eastern margin, KwaZulu-Natal, depth unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="20729ACBA4BFB4706E4324F331B507EB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="8D24B21CCF8ED1053C76625E665DED59" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AE3C6A626F2FBA24FBC8D4B8D524AAE8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Corallum ceratoid, unattached, curved, having a slender pedicel (PD:GCD = 0.1-0.2). Calice slightly elliptical (GCD:LCD = 1.1), with smooth to slightly serrated calicular margin. Largest specimen examined (SAM_H1485) 11.4 
<normalizedToken id="DCB17878A59EF0CCE60BB2CF1094A490" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
10.2 mm in CD, 1.8 mm in PD, and 22.4 mm in H. Costae poorly developed, slightly granular, and separated by shallow intercostal furrows. Costae extending towards base. Theca thick. Corallum white, with yellowish brown theca.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7EA3A7293AC4271420BFDE3B62C49567" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Septa hexamerally arranged in four cycles according to the formula: S1-2&gt; S3&gt; S4 (48 septa). S1-2 slightly exsert and extend to columella. S32/3 the width of S1-2, and bear a sinuous pali (12 P3). S4 
<normalizedToken id="203D60D2D1FD1853BFCBE4B48094C8E7" originalValue="¼">1/4</normalizedToken>
the width of S3. All septal have sinuous axial margins, S3 being the most sinuous. Higher cycle septa (S3-4) progressively less exsert (if at all). Fossa relatively deep, with a fascicular columella composed of 4-6 ribbon-like elements.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5ADCA5C39CDC43E960697E53CC697591" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="9186E14377D3C90DF7DFB7DA8EEC898E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="67192A337441504FFE57F83DBBF5D712" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Regional: Western to eastern margin of South Africa, off Saldanha extending towards Cape Vidal; 200-567 m. Elsewhere: Western Australia (
<bibRefCitation id="BBD68E65E1F48623A6603114842D56EC" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Western Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="361 - 417" refId="B40" refString="Cairns, S, 1998. Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum 18: 361 - 417" title="Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia." volume="18" year="1998">Cairns 1998</bibRefCitation>
); 240-402 m.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A82209AAFB592C298C23360338EEFD2B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="F0D29C46CA3DC0314FBD98FAAB152345" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2A115066044A013FC418AF1C17EA63CF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Of the 
<taxonomicName id="C88E88F8F038B121D6E76882211DCF2A" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1816" class="Anthozoa" family="Stenocyathidae" genus="Caryophyllia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caryophyllia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BCE6EC08F4C17A5CEBC9A0EB483A89B9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Caryophyllia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
reported from the South African territory, 
<taxonomicName id="3E93630B6074A35812E89C5F556B4D9C" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. stellula" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="stellula">
<emphasis id="6A7EA7DB1D5A4D201EA4DA116EFF1109" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. stellula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be confused with 
<taxonomicName id="EF1E0BF4ADADAD74B56DD0DB8AD53041" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. scobinosa" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="scobinosa">
<emphasis id="10365E33D02A6146A0676E1B26F61BED" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. scobinosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but differs in having a more robust corallum, a thicker calicular margin, and different pattern of septal exsertness. 
<taxonomicName id="9182AF48ABA5DDF01C3C250EDF7C5ECC" authorityName="Cairns" authorityYear="1998" class="Anthozoa" family="Stenocyathidae" genus="Caryophyllia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caryophyllia (C.) stellula" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="stellula" subGenus="C.">Caryophyllia (C.) stellula</taxonomicName>
was first reported from South Africa as 
<taxonomicName id="2DB6D058B586673E34504AA0431B43C8" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. epithecata" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="epithecata">
<emphasis id="921B319AB575A507FA07DF2A295809FB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. epithecata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="872343C66F8831E3E04B35A61A9475BC" author="Gardiner, J" journalOrPublisher="Marine Investigations of South Africa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="97 - 129" refId="B99" refString="Gardiner, J, 1904. The turbinolid corals of South Africa, with notes on their anatomy and variation. Marine Investigations of South Africa 3 (4): 97 - 129" title="The turbinolid corals of South Africa, with notes on their anatomy and variation." volume="3" year="1904">Gardiner 1904</bibRefCitation>
) who elevated 
<bibRefCitation id="A1D4D2CA141FD8764385B13B70CE1DA6" author="Duncan, P" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="303 - 344" refId="B71" refString="Duncan, P, 1873. A description of the Madreporaria dredged up during the expeditions of H. M. S. Porcupine in 1869 and 1870, part 1. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London 8 (5): 303 - 344" title="A description of the Madreporaria dredged up during the expeditions of H. M. S. Porcupine in 1869 and 1870, part 1." volume="8" year="1873">
<normalizedToken id="2DFAD5B759C387545B9B3C6DB75BE3CD" originalValue="Duncan’s">Duncan's</normalizedToken>
(1873)
</bibRefCitation>
<taxonomicName id="8279DB06C9DDD0CB16BFF96E9029C1E9" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. clavus subsp. var. var. epithecata" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="variety" species="clavus" subSpecies="var." variety="epithecata">C. clavus var. epithecata</taxonomicName>
to species level. However, this goes against the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (1985: article 45g) and, therefore, the correct author of 
<taxonomicName id="34EFF246E5D756FCE61E7FF3699451BE" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. epithecata" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="epithecata">
<emphasis id="FFBA8DA168B2637C5BC2EA1BDDE5EA71" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. epithecata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is 
<bibRefCitation id="2D776D8A9C818ABCBC15E36991BD968E" author="Duncan, P" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="303 - 344" refId="B71" refString="Duncan, P, 1873. A description of the Madreporaria dredged up during the expeditions of H. M. S. Porcupine in 1869 and 1870, part 1. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London 8 (5): 303 - 344" title="A description of the Madreporaria dredged up during the expeditions of H. M. S. Porcupine in 1869 and 1870, part 1." volume="8" year="1873">Duncan (1873)</bibRefCitation>
. Despite this, 
<normalizedToken id="867378BAA708B08BB68436967E3BDDEF" originalValue="Duncan’s">Duncan's</normalizedToken>
<taxonomicName id="F8CBDB57FB2F78E1284B183BD92EF8F9" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. clavus subsp. var. var. epithecata" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="variety" species="clavus" subSpecies="var." variety="epithecata">C. clavus var. epithecata</taxonomicName>
is a junior synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="7C1981804F42E280FEAF51CF3AFD8759" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. smithi" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="smithi">
<emphasis id="4D4705E8D1DA60AE50EDB5580125A8A2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. smithi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3147C2069F0D833CBD942416CEBA3DF9" author="Zibrowius, H" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="563 - 575" refId="B333" refString="Zibrowius, H, 1974c. Redescription of Sclerhelia hirtella from Saint Helena, South Atlantic, and remarks on Indo-Pacific species erroneously referred to the same genus (Scleractinia). Journal of Natural History 8 (5): 563 - 575" title="Redescription of Sclerhelia hirtella from Saint Helena, South Atlantic, and remarks on Indo-Pacific species erroneously referred to the same genus (Scleractinia)." volume="8" year="1974 c">Zibrowius 1974c</bibRefCitation>
). In South Africa, 
<taxonomicName id="ACDB4CDFDE567BEF155842A9E2BFAE8D" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. stellula" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="stellula">
<emphasis id="C597D47BBE6FD181C8A0D91C52686BA0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. stellula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shows a broad regional distribution and the several specimens examined herein enabled the observation of intraspecific morphological variation. Some representatives have curved corallum with a narrow pedicel while others display a more robust and thicker pedicel, features also illustrated by 
<bibRefCitation id="F779B29A5011F95596B506BD09DC97EA" author="Gardiner, J" journalOrPublisher="Marine Investigations of South Africa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="97 - 129" refId="B99" refString="Gardiner, J, 1904. The turbinolid corals of South Africa, with notes on their anatomy and variation. Marine Investigations of South Africa 3 (4): 97 - 129" title="The turbinolid corals of South Africa, with notes on their anatomy and variation." volume="3" year="1904">Gardiner (1904)</bibRefCitation>
. Nonetheless, the species consistently have septa hexameral symmetry in four complete cycles, and a total of 12 well-defined P3, each positioned before S3. Unfortunately, 
<bibRefCitation id="202006AE7CA703F9F599B44046623BEC" author="Gardiner, J" journalOrPublisher="Marine Investigations of South Africa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="97 - 129" refId="B99" refString="Gardiner, J, 1904. The turbinolid corals of South Africa, with notes on their anatomy and variation. Marine Investigations of South Africa 3 (4): 97 - 129" title="The turbinolid corals of South Africa, with notes on their anatomy and variation." volume="3" year="1904">
<normalizedToken id="D9B6B7687E7CC004F1D849DAA87F30C0" originalValue="Gardiner’s">Gardiner's</normalizedToken>
(1904)
</bibRefCitation>
specimens were untraceable but his records are within the reported distribution proposed herein. The new material presented here increases the known depth range of this species by 75 m.
</paragraph>
<caption id="64D79C352E9BE5DFF0E28F248F0F9172" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604106" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="26AD4F054D5ADE96FE1511219CA92AC2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="DBE41DBEC1E8D0C515EF341E3BBF8837" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="9BCBB5384CAC53D52BA1C694214855D9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="394D271B6C64D590875F14360F4D9E08" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="47EFD3A84E86D064F1E931B6A072E199" authorityName="Cairns" authorityYear="1998" class="Anthozoa" family="Stenocyathidae" genus="Caryophyllia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) stellula" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="stellula" subGenus="Caryophyllia">Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) stellula</taxonomicName>
(SAM_H1485, off Agulhas, 200 m) 
<emphasis id="2DCF4CEEB70B36BCF2D6F5B1C4B87917" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
calicular view 
<emphasis id="B1CEBB61CF78A8916D8B25E9D1AD72A7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
lateral view 
<emphasis id="8AA66D60D4F0C5361C9745C036B6A3AA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="400322A1D126757CE199B64005687433" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BDE860C27DD3CBBD53B77FC8734D7032" authorityName="Zibrowuis &amp; Gili" authorityYear="1990" class="Anthozoa" family="Stenocyathidae" genus="Caryophyllia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) valdiviae" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="valdiviae" subGenus="Caryophyllia">Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) valdiviae</taxonomicName>
(SAM_H3108, off Durban, depth unknown) 
<emphasis id="6D57242559E6AA19DF4B29F636FFBDF1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
calicular view 
<emphasis id="5FC187BB679723B420C1723222D7C88B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
lateral view 
<emphasis id="6D9D3149AFCD31C6BE416724019F0F9C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="2EA72C3B3EC1FC6307C8C81C4BBA294B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BDA67503867248010C95313AED796D48" baseAuthorityName="Moseley" baseAuthorityYear="1881" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Crispatotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crispatotrochus cornu" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cornu">
<emphasis id="A4215E0E2C780E60C9D96258B9685038" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Crispatotrochus cornu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(UCT_NAD 17 F, off Isipingo, 49 m) 
<emphasis id="076D3E1CB6AE3A042509DAFBCB5ADCF1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
calicular view 
<emphasis id="0E684EB8185CED474FB0EB423E37166D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
lateral view 
<emphasis id="9B8334C10033BF0EC664831760159444" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="465405F6B6E63EBC8641BB1872A18182" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="07C58AEC098B9AF0BE10A299401ADF04" baseAuthorityName="Esper" baseAuthorityYear="1794" class="Anthozoa" family="Oculinidae" genus="Desmophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmophyllum dianthus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dianthus">
<emphasis id="68BA544AFC6BFF5748C20AAFEA46EC29" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Desmophyllum dianthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="DA2249A0D41B7691B0FF7EDAC2A89B34" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="95EA1C164EBB28F33C866440D858B40D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
(SAMC_A077974, off Paternoster, 440 m) 
<emphasis id="1512F9B38C99B6AE45B99D903CE5D375" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
calicular view 
<emphasis id="51744F3E9074C99FB23AE7E63B623D4D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
lateral view 
<emphasis id="6788D9E323785BD0D0AD7E472F7398CE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="C1E72EFB31321C1654D5B2FB68FEF2E3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
(BMNH.1939.7.20.218, locality data unknown) 
<emphasis id="8DA05FD8775010DE2FB7F070D67DA727" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
calicular view 
<emphasis id="7C2BD8B6BD9138AE9A31C1F864C2253C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
lateral view 
<emphasis id="F4DE8E4A495C961A59857CFC3676DA40" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="5D2DC9A967CB4B30DEC5E365309BE09A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D2FC232858B94B008D09D0E34D63C5A3" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Anthozoa" family="Oculinidae" genus="Desmophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmophyllum pertusum" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pertusum">
<emphasis id="0C296665B840269A6338A067DCD77A79" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Desmophyllum pertusum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(SAM_H1605, off Melkbosstrand, depth unknown) 
<emphasis id="B94761F8C3B5911925CB5AAAAFC9CFD1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
calicular view 
<emphasis id="835C93BF438A4311D19A42D1906394B7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L</emphasis>
lateral view 
<emphasis id="0F9F32C1A758C57F899D985BD63AAC47" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="7912CD9A02003183B67C144736721EF7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="75B1F6A9F4B439F3E766A4522B6D183D" baseAuthorityName="Alcock" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Goniocorella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Goniocorella dumosa" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dumosa">
<emphasis id="AB0D1BBBBC6EC15F574DD5936BF0E655" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Goniocorella dumosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(SAM_H3190, off Kidds Beach, 760 m) 
<emphasis id="F4C69F9A2AEB86BF833F0FF68C99E68F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M</emphasis>
calicular view 
<emphasis id="DA4C21860E7E340EA935F7EAB3DC446E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
lateral view 
<emphasis id="4237C2F721EEB8672C3399C2E496A863" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="0BBA48A48E6C7AC1DF90FA13EEA3D1F9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BB63B6DE0253BEE8C4ABFEA268EDF3D6" authorityName="Milne-Edwards &amp; Haime" authorityYear="1848" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Heterocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterocyathus aequicostatus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aequicostatus">
<emphasis id="1BA70B7321B1FE5FA721A16DCAAE080A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Heterocyathus aequicostatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(SAMC_A073186, off Durban, 150 m) 
<emphasis id="7092DF464E9B6BB62DCE9BB3B89F2FF7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O</emphasis>
calicular view 
<emphasis id="140A8A90414A97DF06E4319CA2E3F838" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P</emphasis>
lateral view Scale bars: 10 mm (
<emphasis id="FB8EF6697932797ED75B3A0A74987ED9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-I</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="E3C0545822031F4B64F5E1CC188718A7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K-P</emphasis>
);100 mm (
<emphasis id="CEC74E6A791F7A129FD47CED9B4B88D0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>