253 lines
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253 lines
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.167.1833" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ff2e62f9-b478-406a-9812-d87c5b0f1275" ID-PMC="PMC3272638" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-167-1" ID-PubMed="22363201" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-167-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 167" ModsDocTitle="Systematics, conservation and morphology of the spider genus Tayshaneta (Araneae, Leptonetidae) in Central Texas Caves" checkinTime="1451249361926" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Ledford, Joel, Paquin, Pierre, Cokendolpher, James, Campbell, Josh & Griswold, Charles" docDate="2012" docId="5CC628BC2737323D3ACDD3BF6C7A399E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 167: 1-102" docOrigin="ZooKeys 167" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.167.1833" docTitle="Tayshaneta devia Gertsch 1974" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="FFABFF9EDA67666EBE2E632CFFF08176" masterDocTitle="Systematics, conservation and morphology of the spider genus Tayshaneta (Araneae, Leptonetidae) in Central Texas Caves" masterLastPageNumber="102" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1668153202787" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Systematics, conservation and morphology of the spider genus Tayshaneta (Araneae, Leptonetidae) in Central Texas Caves</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ledford, Joel</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Paquin, Pierre</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Cokendolpher, James</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Campbell, Josh</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Griswold, Charles</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>167</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>102</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.167.1833</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.167.1833</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-167-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152033170" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5CC628BC2737323D3ACDD3BF6C7A399E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5CC628BC2737323D3ACDD3BF6C7A399E" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Tayshaneta_devia" authority="Gertsch, 1974" authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1974" class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta devia" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="devia">Tayshaneta devia (Gertsch, 1974)</taxonomicName>
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Figs 17
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–E31B38A–F">A-E31B38A-F</normalizedToken>
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53A56
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Leptoneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptoneta devia" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="devia">Leptoneta devia</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Gertsch, WJ" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Arachnology" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="145 - 203" title="The spider family Leptonetidae in North America." volume="1" year="1974">Gertsch 1974</bibRefCitation>
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: 171.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Neoleptoneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoleptoneta devia" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="devia">Neoleptoneta devia</taxonomicName>
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(Gertsch, 1974):
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<bibRefCitation author="Brignoli, PM" journalOrPublisher="Quaderna Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="213 - 218" title="Spiders of Mexico, III. A new leptonetid from Oaxaca (Araneae, Leptonetidae)." volume="171" year="1977">Brignoli 1977</bibRefCitation>
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: 216;
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<bibRefCitation author="Platnick, NI" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 16" title="On the tibial and patellar glands, relationships and American genera of the spider family Leptonetidae (Arachnida, Araneae)." volume="2855" year="1986">Platnick 1986</bibRefCitation>
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: 8.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta devia" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="devia">Tayshaneta devia</taxonomicName>
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(Gertsch, 1974):
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<bibRefCitation author="Ledford, JM" journalOrPublisher="Invertebrate Systematics" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="334 - 388" title="Systematics and evolution of the spider genus Neoleptoneta (Araneae: Leptonetidae) with a discussion of the morphology and relationships for the North American Leptonetidae." url="doi: 10.1071/IS11014" volume="25" year="2011">Ledford et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="type data">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Type data.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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Female holotype from Shultz Cave, 2mi. E. of Volente, Travis County, Texas, 21-August-1963, B. Russell,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="30.43">30.43N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="-97.86">97.86W</geoCoordinate>
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, (AMNH, examined).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="23" pageNumber="24" start="start">Notes</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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Shultz Cave is commonly referred to as MacDonald Cave and is located approximately 2.5mi. NE of Volente in Travis County. Although the male for this species was not available to
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<bibRefCitation author="Gertsch, WJ" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Arachnology" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="145 - 203" title="The spider family Leptonetidae in North America." volume="1" year="1974">Gertsch (1974)</bibRefCitation>
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, recent inventories of caves in this area have produced the first male specimens and added several new records from nearby caves. Of special interest are records from leaf litter near the entrance of Tooth Cave (type locality for
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta myopica" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="myopica">Tayshaneta myopica</taxonomicName>
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), approximately 2 miles south of MacDonald Cave. Although
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<bibRefCitation author="Gertsch, WJ" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Arachnology" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="145 - 203" title="The spider family Leptonetidae in North America." volume="1" year="1974">Gertsch (1974</bibRefCitation>
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: 171-172) originally described
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta devia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="devia">Tayshaneta devia</taxonomicName>
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as a troglobite based on the type
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<normalizedToken originalValue="specimen’s">specimen's</normalizedToken>
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reduced eyes and pigment, the discovery of surface populations suggests that the species is a widespread troglophile although some populations may be locally adapted to caves. One record from Williamson County (Village Idiot Cave) is tentative as diagnostic structures on the male palp are partially obscured.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="other material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Other material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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USA: Texas: Travis County: Brewpot Sink, 19-October-2009, K.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="O’Connor">O'Connor</normalizedToken>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="30.41">30.41N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="-97.85">97.85W</geoCoordinate>
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, 3 ♀, 1 juv., (TMM);
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Hammett’s">Hammett's</normalizedToken>
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Crossing, 14mi. NW of Dripping Springs, 29-September-1994, A. Grubbs,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="30.33">30.33N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="-98.13">98.13W</geoCoordinate>
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, 1 ♂, 2 ♀, (TMM); Highway 71 and Pedernales River, 23mi. W. of Austin, 20-September-1994, A. Grubbs,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="30.38">30.38N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="-98.08">98.08W</geoCoordinate>
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, 2 ♂, 6 ♀, 2 juvs, (TMM); MacDonald Cave, 18-April-1984, Pate, J. Reddell, M. Reyes,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="30.43">30.43N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="-97.86">97.86W</geoCoordinate>
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, 1 ♀, (TMM);
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<pageBreakToken pageId="24" pageNumber="25" start="start">MacDonald</pageBreakToken>
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Cave, 29-April-1989, W. Elliot, J. Reddell, M. Reyes,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="30.43">30.43N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="-97.86">97.86W</geoCoordinate>
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, 3 ♀, (AMNH); MacDonald Cave, 7-January-2005, P. Paquin,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="30.43">30.43N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="-97.86">97.86W</geoCoordinate>
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, 1 ♀, (CASC); MacDonald Cave, September-2008, P. Paquin,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="30.43">30.43N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="-97.86">97.86W</geoCoordinate>
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, 3 ♂, 4 ♀, 4 juvs, (CASC); Stovepipe Cave, 25-October-1990, J. Reddell, M. Reyes,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="30.42">30.42N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="-97.84">97.84W</geoCoordinate>
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, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, (TMM); Stovepipe Cave, 18-September-2009, K.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="O’Connor">O'Connor</normalizedToken>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="30.42">30.42N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="-97.84">97.84W</geoCoordinate>
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, 1 ♀, (TMM); surface above Tooth Cave, 21-November-08, P. Paquin, K.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="O’Connor">O'Connor</normalizedToken>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="30.4">30.40N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="-97.85">97.85W</geoCoordinate>
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, sifting leaf litter, 1 ♂, 3 ♀, (TMM); 9K-2 Cave (=Moonmilk Cave), Spicewood Springs Road, 11-February-95, Elliot, Sprouse,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="30.37">30.37N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="-97.76">97.76W</geoCoordinate>
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, 1 ♂, 2 ♀, 1 juv., (TMM); Williamson County: Village Idiot Cave, 31-October-94, Warton,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="30.73">30.73N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="-97.83">97.83W</geoCoordinate>
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, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, (TMM).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta devia" order="Araneae" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="devia">Tayshaneta devia</taxonomicName>
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may be separated from other
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta" order="Araneae" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tayshaneta</taxonomicName>
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species that lack a ventral sclerite, except
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta archambaulti" order="Araneae" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="archambaulti">Tayshaneta archambaulti</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta coeca" order="Araneae" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coeca">Tayshaneta coeca</taxonomicName>
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, by having a short retrolateral tibial spine, occupying less than 0.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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the length of the palpal tarsus (RTS, Fig. 38A) and an apically tapering subquadrate embolus that lacks sculpture along its margin (E, Fig. 38D). Separated from
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta archambaulti" order="Araneae" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="archambaulti">Tayshaneta archambaulti</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta coeca" order="Araneae" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coeca">Tayshaneta coeca</taxonomicName>
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by having a retrolateral tibial spine with a base that lacks distinctive sculpture (RTS, Fig. 31B) and by the unique shape of the embolus (E, Fig. 38D).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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Complete description of female in
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<bibRefCitation author="Gertsch, WJ" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Arachnology" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="145 - 203" title="The spider family Leptonetidae in North America." volume="1" year="1974">Gertsch (1974</bibRefCitation>
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: 171-172). Habitus of male and female in Figs 17
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–E">A-E</normalizedToken>
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and female genitalia in Fig. 53A.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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Male (MacDonald Cave). Body length 1.4, carapace 0.58 long, 0.49 wide, length 1.18
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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width. Carapace light brown-yellow, sparsely setose; eyes large, ocular area enclosed in a dark pattern. Legs elongate and thin, femur I 1.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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carapace length, covered in fine setae with few scattered spines.Palpal tarsus entire, tapering apically; retrolateral tibial spine on an elevated base, weakly recurved and smooth at its base, length 0.36
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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tarsus length. Bulb suboval, length 1.70
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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width; embolus oval, tapering apically (Fig. 38D), length 1.90
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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width. Abdomen yellow-brown, without pattern, 0.81 long, 0.61 wide, covered in fine setae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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Variation(n = 6). Total length 1.25-1.40; carapace length 1.20-1.52
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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carapace width; length femur I 1.0-1.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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carapace width.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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Figure 17.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta devia" order="Araneae" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="devia">Tayshaneta devia</taxonomicName>
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(Gertsch, 1974), MacDonald Cave, Travis County, Texas (CASC), habitus. A
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta devia" order="Araneae" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="devia">Tayshaneta devia</taxonomicName>
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male, dorsal B
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta devia" order="Araneae" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="devia">Tayshaneta devia</taxonomicName>
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female, dorsal C
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta devia" order="Araneae" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="devia">Tayshaneta devia</taxonomicName>
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female holotype, ventral D
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta devia" order="Araneae" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="devia">Tayshaneta devia</taxonomicName>
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male, lateral E
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta devia" order="Araneae" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="devia">Tayshaneta devia</taxonomicName>
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female, lateral.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Known from caves and surface localities in Travis and Williamson Counties, Texas (Fig. 56).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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