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<mods:title id="B541C70D53AFFF2779AEC388ADD464BC">New species and records of Scissurellidae and Anatomidae from the Americas (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Vetigastropoda)</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C757684C256FFB00ED21FD5FD13678B" ID-CoL="DJBH" authority="Golikov &amp; Sirenko, 1980" authorityName="Golikov &amp; Sirenko" authorityYear="1980" box="[151,738,151,177]" class="Gastropoda" family="Anatomidae" genus="Anatoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepetellida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="disciformis">
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<emphasis id="B901D115C256FFB00ED21FD5FE62678B" bold="true" box="[151,403,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Anatoma disciformis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE470F6C256FFB00FE41FD5FD28678B" author="Golikov" box="[417,729,151,177]" pageId="15" pageNumber="35" refString="Golikov, A. N. &amp; Sirenko, B. I. (1980). New species of the subclass Scutibranchia from the Sea of Japan. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Zoological Institute, Explorations of the fauna of the Seas, 25, 105 - 108." type="journal article" year="1980">Golikov &amp; Sirenko, 1980</bibRefCitation>
)
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<figureCitation id="134E1182C256FFB00ED21FF8FECE67EE" box="[151,319,186,212]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 13" captionStart-1="FIGURE 14" captionStartId-0="17.[151,261,1525,1549]" captionStartId-1="18.[151,255,1618,1642]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,495,1501]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,194,1595]" captionTargetId-0="figure@17.[151,1436,495,1501]" captionTargetId-1="figure@18.[151,1436,194,1597]" captionTargetPageId-0="17" captionTargetPageId-1="18" captionText-0="FIGURE 13. Anatoma disciformis. Apertural margin broken at base of columella, giving false impression of subquadratic shape (see remarks). White area in aperture is charging artifact in electron beam. 121 m, off SE side Semisopochoi Island, Rat Islands, Alaska, USA, 51.889 ˚ N, 179.760 ˚ W (LACM 86 - 322, 1). Scale bar shell = 1 mm. Scale bar protoconch = 100 µm." captionText-1="FIGURE 14. Anatoma disciformis, ontogenetic series. Note difference in size of scale bars. A – B. 7 m, Middle Rocks, Chicagof Harbor, Bering Sea side of Attu Island, Near Islands, Aleutian Islands, Alaska, USA, 52.940 ˚ N, 173.265 ˚ W (LACM 79 - 71, 4). C. 121 m, N of Carlisle Island, Islands of Four Mountains, Alaska, USA, 52.976 ˚ N, 170.043 ˚ W (LACM 86 - 333, 1). Scale bars shell = 1 mm. Scale bars protoconch = 100 µm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3558584" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3558586" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3558584/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3558586/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figures 13–14</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCA0D07C256FFB00ED21E47FEFA6626" blockId="15.[151,1437,261,476]" box="[151,267,261,284]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Synonymy</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCA0D07C256FFB00ED21E67FDA96666" blockId="15.[151,1437,261,476]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<taxonomicName id="4C757684C256FFB00ED21E67FC706606" authority="Golikov &amp; Sirenko, 1980: 107" authorityName="Golikov &amp; Sirenko" authorityPageNumber="107" authorityYear="1980" box="[151,897,293,316]" class="Gastropoda" family="Scissurellidae" genus="Scissurella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepetellida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="disciformis" subGenus="Schizotrochus">
<emphasis id="B901D115C256FFB00ED21E67FEFA6606" box="[151,267,293,316]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Scissurella</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B901D115C256FFB00F5F1E67FE5F6606" box="[282,430,293,316]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Schizotrochus</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B901D115C256FFB00FFB1E67FDC46606" box="[446,565,293,316]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">disciformis</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AD42B16C256FFB00C791E67FC706606" author="Golikov" box="[572,897,293,316]" page="107" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1980">
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: 107
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–108, fig. 2. 
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<emphasis id="B901D115C256FFB00ED21E07FE856666" box="[151,372,325,348]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Anatoma disciformis</emphasis>
: 
<treatmentCitation id="0AD42B16C256FFB00FC71E07FDA56666" author="Lozouet" box="[386,596,325,348]" page="113" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1986">
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: 113
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA0D07C256FFB00ED21E27FD646646" blockId="15.[151,1437,261,476]" box="[151,661,357,380]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<taxonomicName id="4C757684C256FFB00ED21E27FD606646" ID-CoL="DJBH" authority="Golikov et al., 2001: 155" authorityName="Golikov et al." authorityPageNumber="155" authorityYear="2001" box="[151,657,357,380]" class="Gastropoda" family="Anatomidae" genus="Anatoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepetellida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="disciformis">
<emphasis id="B901D115C256FFB00ED21E27FE856646" box="[151,372,357,380]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Anatoma disciformis</emphasis>
: 
<treatmentCitation id="0AD42B16C256FFB00FC71E27FD606646" author="Golikov" box="[386,657,357,380]" page="155" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="2001">
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Golikov 
<emphasis id="B901D115C256FFB00FA51E27FDFF6646" box="[480,526,357,380]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al</emphasis>
., 2001
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: 155
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA0D07C256FFB00ED21EC7FD9366A6" blockId="15.[151,1437,261,476]" box="[151,610,389,412]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<taxonomicName id="4C757684C256FFB00ED21EC7FF0666A6" ID-CoL="7NNZV" box="[151,247,389,412]" class="Gastropoda" family="Anatomidae" genus="Anatoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepetellida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" sensu="lato">
<emphasis id="B901D115C256FFB00ED21EC7FF0666A6" box="[151,247,389,412]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Anatoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="4C757684C256FFB00F611EC7FDAF66A6" ID-CoL="DJBH" authority="Geiger, 2003: 74" authorityName="Geiger" authorityPageNumber="74" authorityYear="2003" box="[292,606,389,412]" class="Gastropoda" family="Anatomidae" genus="Anatoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepetellida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="disciformis">
<emphasis id="B901D115C256FFB00F611EC7FE6B66A6" box="[292,410,389,412]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">disciformis</emphasis>
: 
<treatmentCitation id="0AD42B16C256FFB00FED1EC7FDAF66A6" author="Geiger" box="[424,606,389,412]" page="74" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="2003">
<bibRefCitation id="EFE470F6C256FFB00FED1EC7FDC766A6" author="Geiger" box="[424,566,389,412]" pageId="15" pageNumber="34" refString="Geiger, D. L. (2003) Phylogenetic assessment of characters proposed for the generic classification of Recent Scissurellidae (Gastropoda: Vetigastropoda) with a description of one new genus and six new species from Easter Island and Australia. Molluscan Research, 23, 21 - 83." type="journal article" year="2003">Geiger, 2003</bibRefCitation>
: 74
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA0D07C256FFB00ED21EE7FD316686" blockId="15.[151,1437,261,476]" box="[151,704,421,444]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB652A29C256FFB00ED21EE7FD316686" box="[151,704,421,444]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<taxonomicName id="4C757684C256FFB00ED21EE7FD4D6686" authority="Kantor &amp; Sysoev, 2005: 29" authorityName="Kantor &amp; Sysoev" authorityPageNumber="29" authorityYear="2005" box="[151,700,421,444]" class="Gastropoda" family="Scissurellidae" genus="Scissurella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepetellida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="disciformis">
<emphasis id="B901D115C256FFB00ED21EE7FE766686" box="[151,391,421,444]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Scissurella disciformis</emphasis>
: 
<treatmentCitation id="0AD42B16C256FFB00FD31EE7FD4D6686" author="Kantor" box="[406,700,421,444]" page="29" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="2005">
<bibRefCitation id="EFE470F6C256FFB00FD31EE7FD656686" author="Kantor" box="[406,660,421,444]" pageId="15" pageNumber="35" refString="Kantor, I. Yu. &amp; Sysoev, A. V. (2005) Catalogue of molluscs of Russia and adjacent countries. KMK Scientific Press Ltd., Moscow. 627 pp." type="book" year="2005">Kantor &amp; Sysoev, 2005</bibRefCitation>
: 29
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA0D07C256FFB00ED21E87FA6C66E6" blockId="15.[151,1437,261,476]" box="[151,1437,453,476]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB652A29C256FFB00ED21E87FA6C66E6" box="[151,1437,453,476]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<taxonomicName id="4C757684C256FFB00ED21E87FD4666E6" authority="Kantor &amp; Sysoev, 2006: 24" authorityName="Kantor &amp; Sysoev" authorityPageNumber="24" authorityYear="2006" box="[151,695,453,476]" class="Gastropoda" family="Scissurellidae" genus="Scissurella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepetellida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="disciformis">
<emphasis id="B901D115C256FFB00ED21E87FE7666E6" box="[151,391,453,476]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Scissurella disciformis</emphasis>
: 
<treatmentCitation id="0AD42B16C256FFB00FD01E87FD4666E6" author="Kantor" box="[405,695,453,476]" page="24" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="2006">
<bibRefCitation id="EFE470F6C256FFB00FD01E87FD6066E6" author="Kantor" box="[405,657,453,476]" pageId="15" pageNumber="35" refString="Kantor, I. Yu. &amp; Sysoev, A. V. (2006) Marine and Brackish Water Gastropoda of Russia and Adjacent Countries: An illustrated Catalogue. KMK Scientific Press Ltd., Moscow. 372 pp., 140 pls." type="book" year="2006">Kantor &amp; Sysoev, 2006</bibRefCitation>
: 24
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–25, pl. 9, figs B (copy original figure), C (phototograph of 
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).
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<paragraph id="8BCA0D07C256FFB00ED21D48FF176570" blockId="15.[151,1437,522,586]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B901D115C256FFB00ED21D48FEBB651E" bold="true" box="[151,330,522,548]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<typeStatus id="54CEB3A5C256FFB00ED21D48FF23651E" box="[151,210,522,548]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54CEB3A5C256FFB00F161D48FE31651E" box="[339,448,522,548]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(
<collectionCode id="ED6495C2C256FFB00F8A1D48FDF3651E" box="[463,514,522,548]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">ZIN</collectionCode>
32372), 1.32 × 
<quantity id="4C8DA0E2C256FFB00CFE1D48FCD5651E" box="[699,804,522,548]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="1.05">1.05 mm</quantity>
(W × H). One to four 
<typeStatus id="54CEB3A5C256FFB00A6D1D48FB69651E" box="[1064,1176,522,548]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
(repository uncertain: 
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?).
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<paragraph id="8BCA0D07C256FFB00ED218C9FC5F60F8" blockId="15.[151,1437,1931,1986]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B901D115C256FFB00ED218C9FED66099" bold="true" box="[151,295,1931,1955]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
Holotype of 
<taxonomicName id="4C757684C256FFB00FFC18C9FD3F6098" box="[441,718,1931,1954]" class="Gastropoda" family="Anatomidae" genus="Anatoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepetellida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="alternatisculpta" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B901D115C256FFB00FFC18C9FD3F6098" box="[441,718,1931,1954]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Anatoma alternatisculpta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B901D115C256FFB00C9118C9FCE36099" bold="true" box="[724,786,1931,1955]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2326C6EC256FFB00C9118C9FCE36099" box="[724,786,1931,1955]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
137 m, Off Pelican Island, Barbados, 13.167˚N, 59.567˚W. USNM 1132066. Scale bar shell = 1 mm. Scale bar protoconch = 100 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF0A5D8FC249FFAF0ED219AEFC8F6079" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3558582" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3558582" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3558582/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" targetBox="[151,1436,194,1749]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph id="8BCA0D07C249FFAF0ED219AEFC8F6079" blockId="16.[151,1436,1772,1859]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B901D115C249FFAF0ED219AEFED9603E" bold="true" box="[151,296,1772,1796]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
Paratypes of 
<taxonomicName id="4C757684C249FFAF0FFA19AEFD226039" box="[447,723,1772,1795]" class="Gastropoda" family="Anatomidae" genus="Anatoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepetellida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="alternatisculpta" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B901D115C249FFAF0FFA19AEFD226039" box="[447,723,1772,1795]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Anatoma alternatisculpta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B901D115C249FFAF0C9E19AEFCE8603E" bold="true" box="[731,793,1772,1796]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2326C6EC249FFAF0C9E19AEFCE8603E" box="[731,793,1772,1796]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
A–B. 137–146 m, off Pelican Island, Barbados, 13.167˚N, 59.567˚W (USNM 500678). C. One paratype 165–183 m, off Lazaretto, Barbados, 13.133˚N, 59.617˚W (USNM 1132065, 1). Scale bar shell = 1 mm. Scale bar protoconch = 100 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BCA0D07C249FFAF0E811833FE71608B" blockId="16.[151,1436,1905,2006]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B901D115C249FFAF0E811833FE9860B1" bold="true" box="[196,361,1905,1931]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<typeStatus id="54CEB3A5C249FFAF0E811833FEF060B1" box="[196,257,1905,1931]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
Near Moneron Island, [
<collectingCountry id="F3624D97C249FFAF0C3B1830FD2360B6" box="[638,722,1906,1932]" name="Russia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Russia</collectingCountry>
, northern Sea of 
<collectingCountry id="F3624D97C249FFAF0DDD1830FC2F60B6" box="[920,990,1906,1932]" name="Japan" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Japan</collectingCountry>
, 46.250˚N, 141.250˚E] 
<quantity id="4C8DA0E2C249FFAF0AB71830FAAD60B6" box="[1266,1372,1906,1932]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="m" value="60.0" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="50.0">
50– 
<specimenCount id="9D73C68EC249FFAF0B5B1830FAAD60B6" box="[1310,1372,1906,1932]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="generic">70 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Leg. B. I. Sirenko. (OD).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36F5E8CC249FFAF0E8118FEFBEA60EC" box="[196,1051,1980,2006]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BCA0D07C249FFAF0E8118FEFBEA60EC" blockId="16.[151,1436,1905,2006]" box="[196,1051,1980,2006]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B901D115C249FFAF0E8118FEFEA060EC" bold="true" box="[196,337,1980,2006]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Etymology.</emphasis>
More disk-like than other species (
<taxonomicName id="4C757684C249FFAF0CAA18FEFCBE60EF" box="[751,847,1980,2005]" class="Gastropoda" family="Scissurellidae" genus="Scissurella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepetellida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crispata">
<emphasis id="B901D115C249FFAF0CAA18FEFCBE60EF" box="[751,847,1980,2005]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">crispata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C757684C249FFAF0D1B18FEFC3560EF" box="[862,964,1980,2005]" class="Gastropoda" family="Anatomidae" genus="Anatoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepetellida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="japonica">
<emphasis id="B901D115C249FFAF0D1B18FEFC3560EF" box="[862,964,1980,2005]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">japonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (OD).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36F5E8CC248FFAC0E811FD5FA8866E6" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCA0D07C248FFAE0E811FD5FA6D668D" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,439]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B901D115C248FFAE0E811FD5FEAD678B" bold="true" box="[196,348,151,177]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Description.</emphasis>
Shell small (to 
<quantity id="4C8DA0E2C248FFAE0C5F1FDAFD886788" box="[538,633,152,178]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
), translation of 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE470F6C248FFAE0D761FDAFB166788" author="Golikov" box="[819,1255,152,178]" pageId="17" pageNumber="35" refString="Golikov, A. N. &amp; Sirenko, B. I. (1980). New species of the subclass Scutibranchia from the Sea of Japan. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Zoological Institute, Explorations of the fauna of the Seas, 25, 105 - 108." type="journal article" year="1980">Golikov &amp; Sirenko (1980: 107–108)</bibRefCitation>
, the translation of the Russian original description was kindly provided by Vyacheslav Palchevskiy (University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 
<collectingCountry id="F3624D97C248FFAE0C0D1FA0FD7867C6" box="[584,649,226,252]" name="United States of America" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">USA</collectingCountry>
): “The shell is small, almost disk-like with thin walls and with 2.5 slightly convex whorls separated by a deeply impressed suture. The last whorl makes a small concave platform near the suture. The upper part of the whorl has a weakly convex, smooth slope towards the periphery, restricted by two raised keels, which border the slit near the outer edge of the aperture. The base of the shell under the keels is moderately convex but forms a deep depression in the region of the wide umbilicus. The diameter of the last whorl is 1.45× as wide as high and 1.3× greater than the height of the shell.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0A5D8FC248FFAE0ED21AB7FE1F6157" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3558584" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3558584" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3558584/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" targetBox="[151,1435,495,1501]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="8BCA0D07C248FFAE0ED21AB7FE1F6157" blockId="17.[151,1437,1525,1645]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B901D115C248FFAE0ED21AB7FEC06137" bold="true" box="[151,305,1525,1549]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">FIGURE 13.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C757684C248FFAE0F7F1AB4FDDC6137" box="[314,557,1526,1549]" class="Gastropoda" family="Anatomidae" genus="Anatoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepetellida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="disciformis">
<emphasis id="B901D115C248FFAE0F7F1AB4FDDC6137" box="[314,557,1526,1549]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Anatoma disciformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Apertural margin broken at base of columella, giving false impression of subquadratic shape (see remarks). White area in aperture is charging artifact in electron beam. 121 m, off SE side Semisopochoi Island, Rat Islands, Alaska, USA, 51.889˚N, 179.760˚W (LACM 86-322, 1). Scale bar shell = 1 mm. Scale bar protoconch = 100 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BCA0D07C248FFAE0E8119D9FC43601F" blockId="17.[151,1437,1691,2016]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
The surface of the shell is milky-white though in one of the 
<typeStatus id="54CEB3A5C248FFAE0DDA19D9FBE4618F" box="[927,1045,1691,1717]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
, the color of the shell is slightly yellow. The axial sculpture of the shell consists only of thin, non-contrasted growth lines. Only in the region of the umbilicus, there are slightly separated, barely visible (only under magnification) wrinkles. The spiral sculpture is absent except for separate, non-distinct, unshaped lines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA0D07C248FFAE0E811873FC2360DA" blockId="17.[151,1437,1691,2016]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">The aperture is round-oval, essentially shifted in respect to the axis of the shell; its height is 3/4 of the shell’s height. The outer apertural lip has a slight angle in the upper part near the parietal wall of the whorl and slopes smoothly towards a deep and narrow slit; the region where the keels frame the slit is slightly raised. The inner lip near the columella is strongly curved outside making the narrow fold, and during the transition towards the base of the shell, forms a smooth, circular and dull angle.”</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0A5D8FC24BFFAD0ED21910FC2F61F0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3558586" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3558586" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3558586/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" targetBox="[151,1436,194,1595]" targetPageId="18">
<paragraph id="8BCA0D07C24BFFAD0ED21910FC2F61F0" blockId="18.[151,1436,1618,1738]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B901D115C24BFFAD0ED21910FED96150" bold="true" box="[151,296,1618,1642]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C757684C24BFFAD0F6A1911FDE16150" box="[303,528,1619,1642]" class="Gastropoda" family="Anatomidae" genus="Anatoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepetellida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="disciformis">
<emphasis id="B901D115C24BFFAD0F6A1911FDE16150" box="[303,528,1619,1642]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Anatoma disciformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ontogenetic series. Note difference in size of scale bars. A–B. 7 m, Middle Rocks, Chicagof Harbor, Bering Sea side of Attu Island, Near Islands, Aleutian Islands, Alaska, USA, 52.940˚N, 173.265˚W (LACM 79-71, 4). C. 121 m, N of Carlisle Island, Islands of Four Mountains, Alaska, USA, 52.976˚N, 170.043˚W (LACM 86-333, 1). Scale bars shell = 1 mm. Scale bars protoconch = 100 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BCA0D07C24BFFAC0E8319BAFD5567C6" blockId="18.[151,1437,1784,2034]" lastBlockId="19.[151,1437,152,1372]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
Redescription based on material from Alaska collected by the late Rae Baxter. Shell medium size, to 
<quantity id="4C8DA0E2C24BFFAD0B3219BAFF3B600D" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
, trochiform biconical. Protoconch of 0.75 whorls, coarse flocculent sculpture, no apertural varix, apertural margin straight. Teleoconch I of 0.45–0.6 whorls, irregular axial thickenings sometimes as approximately 20 low, broad axial cords; no spiral sculpture. Teleoconch II up to 2.1 whorls. Suture below selenizone, deeply impressed in early whorls; descending by approximately 1.5× width of selenizone on base on largest known specimen, weakly impressed. Shoulder convex, early sculpture from almost smooth to low axial cords only; subsequently coarsely to finely clathrate sculpture of variable density and distinctness. Base with similar sculpture as shoulder. Umbilicus open, distinct funiculus. Selenizone slightly above periphery, keels low, often broken, moderate strength; slit open, margins slightly converging. Aperture rounded Dshaped, roof overhanging. Animal unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA0D07C24AFFAC0E811E45FA8866E6" blockId="19.[151,1437,152,1372]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B901D115C24AFFAC0E811E45FE13661B" bold="true" box="[196,482,263,289]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C757684C24AFFAC0FAE1E4AFBE56618" authority="Golikov &amp; Gublin, 1978" authorityName="Golikov &amp; Gublin" authorityYear="1978" box="[491,1044,264,290]" class="Gastropoda" family="Anatomidae" genus="Anatoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepetellida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="obtusata">
<emphasis id="B901D115C24AFFAC0FAE1E4AFD38661B" box="[491,713,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Anatoma obtusata</emphasis>
(Golikov &amp; Gublin, 1978)
</taxonomicName>
from the boreal north Pacific is more globular in overall shell shape, has a teleoconch I of 0.875–1 whorls, and a very narrow umbilicus. 
<taxonomicName id="4C757684C24AFFAC0ED21E10FDC26656" authority="McLean, 1984" authorityName="McLean" authorityYear="1984" box="[151,563,338,364]" class="Gastropoda" family="Anatomidae" genus="Thieleella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepetellida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="baxteri">
<emphasis id="B901D115C24AFFAC0ED21E10FE9B6651" box="[151,362,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Thieleella baxteri</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE470F6C24AFFAC0F3F1E10FDDA6656" author="McLean" box="[378,555,338,364]" pageId="19" pageNumber="35" refString="McLean, J. H. (1984) New species of northeast Pacific archaeogastropods. The Veliger, 26, 233 - 239." type="journal article" year="1984">McLean, 1984</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
from the Northeastern Pacific shares the discoidal shell shape in smaller specimens, but has strong and sharp axial lamellae on shoulder and base, crossed by much finer spiral lines. 
<taxonomicName id="4C757684C24AFFAC0ED21EDFFDE0668D" authority="Dall, 1905" authorityName="Dall" authorityYear="1905" box="[151,529,413,439]" class="Gastropoda" family="Anatomidae" genus="Thieleella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepetellida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="kelseyi">
<emphasis id="B901D115C24AFFAC0ED21EDFFE81668C" box="[151,368,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Thieleella kelseyi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE470F6C24AFFAC0FC71EDFFDF9668D" author="Dall" box="[386,520,413,439]" pageId="19" pageNumber="34" refString="Dall, W. H. (1905). Some new species of mollusks from California. The Nautilus, 18, 123 - 125." type="journal article" year="1905">Dall, 1905</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
from the northeastern Pacific has an overall more turreted shell shape, a protoconch with reticulate sculpture and fine axial cords on shoulder and base crossed by finer spiral lines.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36F5E8CC24AFFAC0E811EA5FBDD6468" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BCA0D07C24AFFAC0E811EA5FD7D651D" blockId="19.[151,1437,152,1372]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B901D115C24AFFAC0E811EA5FE87653B" bold="true" box="[196,374,487,513]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Distribution.</emphasis>
North Pacific from Moneron Island (46.250˚N, 141.250˚E) to Alaska (52.300˚N, 170.040˚W), 
<quantity id="4C8DA0E2C24AFFAC0F711D4FFE6A651D" box="[308,411,525,551]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.085" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="0.06999999999999999" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="m" value="108.5" valueMax="210.0" valueMin="7.0">7–210 m</quantity>
(empty shells only).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA0D07C24AFFAC0E811D70FBDD6468" blockId="19.[151,1437,152,1372]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B901D115C24AFFAC0E811D70FE5B6576" bold="true" box="[196,426,562,588]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Specimen records.</emphasis>
<quantity id="4C8DA0E2C24AFFAC0FF71D70FDF16576" box="[434,512,562,588]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="m" value="210.0">210 m</quantity>
, S of Attu Island, W of Agattu Island, Near Islands, Aleutian Islands, Alaska, 
<collectingCountry id="F3624D97C24AFFAC0ED21D1AFF246548" box="[151,213,600,626]" name="United States of America" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">USA</collectingCountry>
, 52.496˚N, 172.908˚W (LACM 86-310, 2). 
<quantity id="4C8DA0E2C24AFFAC0C921D1AFCD46548" box="[727,805,600,626]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.52" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="m" value="152.0">152 m</quantity>
, S of Semichi Island, E of Cape Sabak, Agattu Island, Near Islands, Alaska, 
<collectingCountry id="F3624D97C24AFFAC0FDC1D3FFE2665AD" box="[409,471,637,663]" name="United States of America" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">USA</collectingCountry>
, 52.379˚N, 174.121˚W (LACM 86-356, 1). 
<quantity id="4C8DA0E2C24AFFAC0D9E1D3FFBD965AD" box="[987,1064,637,663]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="m" value="121.0">121 m</quantity>
, N of Carlisle Island, Islands of Four Mountains, Alaska, 
<collectingCountry id="F3624D97C24AFFAC0F891DE0FDFA6586" box="[460,523,674,700]" name="United States of America" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">USA</collectingCountry>
, 52.976˚N, 170.043˚W (LACM 86-333, 1). 
<quantity id="4C8DA0E2C24AFFAC0A661DE0FB926586" box="[1059,1123,674,700]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.2" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="m" value="82.0">82 m</quantity>
, SE of Red bluff, NE end Kiska Island, Rat Islands, Alaska, 
<collectingCountry id="F3624D97C24AFFAC0C0C1D8AFD7865D8" box="[585,649,712,738]" name="United States of America" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">USA</collectingCountry>
, 52.074˚N, 177.696˚W (LACM 86-315, 3). 
<quantity id="4C8DA0E2C24AFFAC0AF41D8AFAF265D8" box="[1201,1283,712,738]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="m" value="121.0">121 m</quantity>
, off SE side Semisopochoi Island, Rat Islands, Alaska, 
<collectingCountry id="F3624D97C24AFFAC0CE21DAFFD16643D" box="[679,743,749,775]" name="United States of America" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">USA</collectingCountry>
, 51.889˚N, 179.760˚W (LACM 86-322, 2). 
<quantity id="4C8DA0E2C24AFFAC0B401DAFFAC6643D" box="[1285,1335,749,775]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="m" value="7.0">7 m</quantity>
, Middle Rocks, Chicagof Harbor, Bering Sea side of Attu Island, Near Islands, Aleutian Islands, Alaska, 
<collectingCountry id="F3624D97C24AFFAC0B121C50FA666416" box="[1367,1431,786,812]" name="United States of America" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">USA</collectingCountry>
, 52.940˚N, 173.265˚W (LACM 79-71, 4). All LACM material leg. Rae Baxter.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36F5E8CC24AFFAC0E811C1FFF026266" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BCA0D07C24AFFAC0E811C1FFF026266" blockId="19.[151,1437,152,1372]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B901D115C24AFFAC0E811C1FFECC644D" bold="true" box="[196,317,861,887]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Remarks.</emphasis>
Five specimens were collected, and reference is made to at least one 
<typeStatus id="54CEB3A5C24AFFAC0A341C1FFB28644D" box="[1137,1241,861,887]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
, but it is unclear whether only one or more 
<typeStatus id="54CEB3A5C24AFFAC0FA51CC0FDA764A6" box="[480,598,898,924]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
were designated. The 
<typeStatus id="54CEB3A5C24AFFAC0D2B1CC0FC2864A6" box="[878,985,898,924]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
was illustrated by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE470F6C24AFFAC0A831CC0FF1464F8" author="Kantor" pageId="19" pageNumber="35" refString="Kantor, I. Yu. &amp; Sysoev, A. V. (2006) Marine and Brackish Water Gastropoda of Russia and Adjacent Countries: An illustrated Catalogue. KMK Scientific Press Ltd., Moscow. 372 pp., 140 pls." type="book" year="2006">Kantor &amp; Syosev (2006)</bibRefCitation>
and is strongly decalcified. Multiple attempts at obtaining the specimen on loan failed. The specimens from Alaska are considered conspecific as they agree as well as possible with the original illustration, the subsequent photograph of the 
<typeStatus id="54CEB3A5C24AFFAC0C491CB0FD866336" box="[524,631,1010,1036]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
as well as with the original description. The overall shape of the specimens, the strong funiculus, the very weak sculpture in some of the examples examined, and the distribution in the boreal Pacific all support the identification of the Alaskan specimens as 
<taxonomicName id="4C757684C24AFFAC0AF81B7FFAAE636C" box="[1213,1375,1085,1110]" class="Gastropoda" family="Anatomidae" genus="Anatoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepetellida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="disciformis">
<emphasis id="B901D115C24AFFAC0AF81B7FFAAE636C" box="[1213,1375,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">A. disciformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The original illustration shows a specimen with a very rounded aperture, whereas some of the specimens shown here have a rather more angular D-shaped aperture. The latter condition is encountered in specimens with a broken lower adumbilical portion of the peristome, hence, is an artifact of no taxonomic significance. As in 
<taxonomicName id="4C757684C24AFFAC0ED21B90FEDD63D6" box="[151,300,1234,1260]" class="Gastropoda" family="Anatomidae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Anatomidae</taxonomicName>
, juvenile specimens are more depressed than older ones as shown by the ontogenetic series in 
<figureCitation id="134E1182C24AFFAC0ED21BBAFEFF6228" box="[151,270,1272,1298]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="16.[151,255,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1749]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,194,1750]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 12. Paratypes of Anatoma alternatisculpta n. sp. A – B. 137 – 146 m, off Pelican Island, Barbados, 13.167 ˚ N, 59.567 ˚ W (USNM 500678). C. One paratype 165 – 183 m, off Lazaretto, Barbados, 13.133 ˚ N, 59.617 ˚ W (USNM 1132065, 1). Scale bar shell = 1 mm. Scale bar protoconch = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3558582" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3558582/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figure 12</figureCitation>
[see also 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE470F6C24AFFAC0FC91BBAFD576228" author="Zelaya" box="[396,678,1272,1298]" pageId="19" pageNumber="35" refString="Zelaya, D. G. &amp; Geiger, D. L. (2007) Species of Scissurellidae and Anatomidae from Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic waters (Gastropoda: Vetigastropoda). Malacologia, 49, 393 - 443." type="journal article" year="2007">Zelaya &amp; Geiger 2007</bibRefCitation>
, figs 18–40, for ontogenetic series of 
<taxonomicName id="4C757684C24AFFAC0A3A1BBAFF13620D" authority="Pelseneer, 1903" authorityName="Pelseneer" authorityYear="1903" class="Gastropoda" family="Anatomidae" genus="Anatoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepetellida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="euglypta">
<emphasis id="B901D115C24AFFAC0A3A1BBAFAFD622B" box="[1151,1292,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">A. euglypta</emphasis>
(Pelseneer, 1903)
</taxonomicName>
]. The shared protoconch and early teleoconch features support that the specimens belong to the same species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>