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<document id="C621D63C370ADCF0B060CA6F0F63AAC5" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.275727" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1e79f840-6ced-48b5-ab20-94992c6f0a88" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="275727" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460160971924" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="West, Rick C. &amp; Nunn, Steven C." docDate="2010" docId="03CC87B17659FFAD9293FA1DFAC0D064" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02362p043.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2362" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Lyrognathus Pocock 1895" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="6" masterDocId="FFF5FFC9765DFFA89204FFFAFF92D456" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the tarantula spider genus Lyrognathus Pocock 1895 (Araneae, Theraphosidae), with notes on the Selenocosmiinae" masterLastPageNumber="43" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="5" updateTime="1698235793967" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="F6A03B59418BE8A41D685156CF54E278">A taxonomic revision of the tarantula spider genus Lyrognathus Pocock 1895 (Araneae, Theraphosidae), with notes on the Selenocosmiinae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="019A4BFA9D7BBA8DA1DEF99A49D5E56A">West, Rick C.</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D247659FFAC9293FA1DFE41D257" ID-CoL="5HTG" ID-ENA="2053159" authority="Pocock 1895" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1895" box="[151,467,1511,1537]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Lyrognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B911EAB57659FFAC9293FA1DFE41D257" bold="true" box="[151,467,1511,1537]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B911EAB57659FFAC9293FA1DFEA3D257" bold="true" box="[151,305,1511,1537]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Lyrognathus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B567659FFAC933CFA1DFE41D257" author="Pocock" box="[312,467,1511,1537]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" refString="Pocock, R. I. (1895) On a new and natural grouping of some of the Oriental genera of Mygalomorphae, with descriptions of new genera and species. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 15 (6), 165 - 184." type="journal article" year="1895">Pocock 1895</bibRefCitation>
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(
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)
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D247659FFAC9293F9AFFE76D23A" ID-CoL="5HTG" authority="Pocock 1895: 170" authorityName="Pocock" authorityPageNumber="170" authorityYear="1895" box="[151,484,1621,1644]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Lyrognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B911EAB57659FFAC9293F9AFFE8ED23A" box="[151,284,1621,1644]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Lyrognathus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AC410B67659FFAC9326F9AFFE76D23A" author="Pocock" box="[290,484,1621,1644]" page="170" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="1895">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B567659FFAC9326F9AFFE22D23A" author="Pocock" box="[290,432,1621,1644]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" refString="Pocock, R. I. (1895) On a new and natural grouping of some of the Oriental genera of Mygalomorphae, with descriptions of new genera and species. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 15 (6), 165 - 184." type="journal article" year="1895">Pocock 1895</bibRefCitation>
: 170
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, 175, 1900: 187, 202;
<treatmentCitation id="0AC410B67659FFAC90D6F9AFFC19D23A" author="Simon" box="[722,907,1621,1644]" page="954" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="1903">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B567659FFAC90D6F9AFFCC5D23A" author="Simon" box="[722,855,1621,1644]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" refString="Simon, E. (1903) Histoire naturelle des araignees. Paris 2, 669 - 1080." type="journal article" year="1903">Simon 1903</bibRefCitation>
: 954
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, 956;
<treatmentCitation id="0AC410B67659FFAC91CFF9AFFB34D23A" author="Gravely" box="[971,1190,1621,1644]" page="415" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="1915">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B567659FFAC91CFF9AFFBE0D23A" author="Gravely" box="[971,1138,1621,1644]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" refString="Gravely, F. H. (1915 a) The evolution and distribution on Indian spiders belonging to the sub-family Aviculariinae. Journal and Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. Calcutta, 10, 411 - 420." type="journal article" year="1915" yearSuffix="a">Gravely, 1915a</bibRefCitation>
: 415
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; 1915b: 284; 1935: 83,
<treatmentCitation id="0AC410B67659FFAC92C3F98FFEEBD2DA" author="Roewer" box="[199,377,1653,1676]" page="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="1942">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B567659FFAC92C3F98FFECDD2DA" author="Roewer" box="[199,351,1653,1676]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" refString="Roewer, C. F. (1942) Katalog der Araneae von 1758 bis 1940. Bremen 1, 1040 pp." type="book" year="1942">Roewer, 1942</bibRefCitation>
: 6
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AC410B67659FFAC9381F98FFDA2D2DA" author="Raven" box="[389,560,1653,1676]" page="38" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="1985">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B567659FFAC9381F98FFD9AD2DA" author="Raven" box="[389,520,1653,1676]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" refString="Raven, R. J. (1985) The spider infraorder Mygalomorphae (Araneae): Cladistics and systematics. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, New York, 182, 1 - 180." type="journal article" year="1985">Raven 1985</bibRefCitation>
: 38
</treatmentCitation>
, 118;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B567659FFAC9074F98FFD7CD2DA" author="Smith" box="[624,750,1653,1676]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" refString="Smith, A. M. (1986) The tarantula: classification and identification guide. Fitzgerald Publishing, London, 176 pp." type="book" year="1986">Smith 1986</bibRefCitation>
,
<treatmentCitation id="0AC410B67659FFAC90FDF98FFCF5D2DA" author="Smith" box="[761,871,1653,1676]" page="121" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="1987">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B567659FFAC90FDF98FFCA0D2DA" author="Smith" box="[761,818,1653,1676]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" refString="Smith, A. M. (1987) The tarantula: classification and identification guide (second ed.). Fitzgerald Publishing, London, 178 pp." type="book" year="1987">1987</bibRefCitation>
: 121
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;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B567659FFAC9176F98FFB82D2DA" author="Platnick" box="[882,1040,1653,1676]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" refString="Platnick, N. I. (2009) The world spider catalog, version 9.5. American Museum of Natural History, available from http: // research. amnh. org / entomology / spiders / catalog / index. html (accessed 30 June 2009)" type="journal article" year="2009">Platnick, 2009</bibRefCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDA36A77659FFAD9293F940FEF1D4AA" blockId="4.[151,1437,1722,2010]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,152,999]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B911EAB57659FFAC9293F940FE8ED282" bold="true" box="[151,284,1722,1748]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C654D247659FFAC9320F941FE28D282" box="[292,442,1723,1748]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Lyrognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B911EAB57659FFAC9320F941FE28D282" box="[292,442,1723,1748]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Lyrognathus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from other
<taxonomicName id="4C654D247659FFAC90A5F940FCFED282" box="[673,876,1722,1748]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Selenocosmiinae">Selenocosmiinae</taxonomicName>
genera in having dense penicillate retrolateral setal brushes along tibiae and metatarsi IV (
<figureCitation id="135E2A227659FFAC90A6F91AFD62D2AC" box="[674,752,1760,1786]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 10. 3" captionStartId="7.[151,269,1657,1681]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,211,1635]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[162,1425,194,1635]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 10. 3. Lyrognathus species. L. crotalus Pocock, female habitus, dorsal view. 4. L. pugnax, holotype female habitus, dorsal view. 5. L. crotalus, male embolus, prolateral view. 6. L. crotalus, paratype female spermathecae, dorsal view. 7. L. crotalus, holotype maxillae, prolateral view. 8. L. crotalus, holotype right tib. IV, dorsal view. 9. L. crotalus, holotype chelicerae, ectal view showing strikers. 10. L. crotalus, holotype chelicerae, prolateral view. Scale bar = 10 mm for 3, 4; 1 mm for 5; 0.5 mm for 6. Figs: 3 – 6: S. C. Nunn; Photos: 7 – 10, R. Raven." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275729/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135E2A227659FFAC90F9F91AFC8FD2AC" box="[765,797,1760,1786]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 23" captionStartId="13.[151,270,1796,1820]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,343,1773]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,343,1775]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 23. Lyrognathus achilles sp. nov., holotype female: 20. Leg IV, dorsal view. 21. Leg IV, prolateral view. 22. Tar. IV, ventral view. 23. Spermathecae, dorsal view. Scale bar = 10 mm for 20, 21; 5 mm for 22; 2 mm for 23. Photos: S. C. Nunn." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275733/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">20</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135E2A227659FFAC912EF91AFCD8D2AC" box="[810,842,1760,1786]" captionStart="FIGURES 53 – 57" captionStartId="21.[151,270,1949,1973]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,815,1935]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,815,1938]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 53 – 57. Lyrognathus fuscus sp. nov. holotype female (except paratype QM S 88051; 56 – 57): 53. Left leg IV, dorsal view. 54. Left leg IV, retrolateral view. 55. Left met, tar. IV, prolateral view. 56. Left maxillae, prolateral view. 57. Maxillary lyra, prolateral view. Scale bar = 10 mm for 53 – 55; 2 mm for 56; 1 mm for 57. Photos: S. C. Nunn." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275740/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">54</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135E2A227659FFAC9153F91AFCE5D2AC" box="[855,887,1760,1786]" captionStart="FIGURES 71 – 76" captionStartId="26.[151,270,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[165,1409,415,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[165,1409,415,1874]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 71 – 76. Lyrognathus lessunda sp. nov., holotype female (except: paratype female QM S 74066; 75, 76): 71. Abdomen and legs IV, dorsal view. 72. Left leg IV, retrolateral view. 73. Left leg IV, prolateral view. 74. Left met. and tar. IV, ventral view. 75. Left maxillae, prolateral view. 76. Left maxillary lyra, prolateral view. Scale bar = 10 mm for 71 – 73; 5 mm for 74; 2 mm for 75; 1 mm for 76. Photos: S. C. Nunn." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275744/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">71</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135E2A227659FFAC9181F91AFC34D2AC" box="[901,934,1760,1786]" captionStart="FIGURES 92 – 101" captionStartId="32.[151,270,1604,1628]" captionTargetBox="[160,1422,253,1586]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,253,1601]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 92 – 101. Lyrognathus liewi (jun. syn. L. robustus), paratype female QM S 19651.15461. 92. Habitus, dorsal view. 93. Eyes, dorsal view. 94. Sternum, labium and right maxillae, ventral view. 95. Intercheliceral pegs, prolateral view. 96. Right chelicerae, lower retrolateral view showing strikers and arrow pointing to retrolateral basomedial cheliceral spines. 97. Right maxillae showing lyra, prolateral view. 98. Right leg IV, ventral view. 99. Right leg IV, retrolateral view. 100. Right tar. IV, prolateral view showing transverse suture and reduced third claw. 101. Spermathecae, dorsal view. Scale bar = 10 mm for 92, 98, 99; 5 mm for 100; 2 mm for 93 – 97; 1 mm for 101. Illustrations: S. C. Nunn." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275748/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">98</figureCitation>
), very incrassate tibiae IV (
<figureCitation id="135E2A227659FFAC96EBF91AFAA9D2AC" box="[1263,1339,1760,1786]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 10. 3" captionStartId="7.[151,269,1657,1681]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,211,1635]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[162,1425,194,1635]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 10. 3. Lyrognathus species. L. crotalus Pocock, female habitus, dorsal view. 4. L. pugnax, holotype female habitus, dorsal view. 5. L. crotalus, male embolus, prolateral view. 6. L. crotalus, paratype female spermathecae, dorsal view. 7. L. crotalus, holotype maxillae, prolateral view. 8. L. crotalus, holotype right tib. IV, dorsal view. 9. L. crotalus, holotype chelicerae, ectal view showing strikers. 10. L. crotalus, holotype chelicerae, prolateral view. Scale bar = 10 mm for 3, 4; 1 mm for 5; 0.5 mm for 6. Figs: 3 – 6: S. C. Nunn; Photos: 7 – 10, R. Raven." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275729/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs 8</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135E2A227659FFAC974EF91AFAF8D2AC" box="[1354,1386,1760,1786]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 23" captionStartId="13.[151,270,1796,1820]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,343,1773]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,343,1775]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 23. Lyrognathus achilles sp. nov., holotype female: 20. Leg IV, dorsal view. 21. Leg IV, prolateral view. 22. Tar. IV, ventral view. 23. Spermathecae, dorsal view. Scale bar = 10 mm for 20, 21; 5 mm for 22; 2 mm for 23. Photos: S. C. Nunn." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275733/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">21</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135E2A227659FFAC9773F91AFA05D2AC" box="[1399,1431,1760,1786]" captionStart="FIGURES 53 – 57" captionStartId="21.[151,270,1949,1973]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,815,1935]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,815,1938]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 53 – 57. Lyrognathus fuscus sp. nov. holotype female (except paratype QM S 88051; 56 – 57): 53. Left leg IV, dorsal view. 54. Left leg IV, retrolateral view. 55. Left met, tar. IV, prolateral view. 56. Left maxillae, prolateral view. 57. Maxillary lyra, prolateral view. Scale bar = 10 mm for 53 – 55; 2 mm for 56; 1 mm for 57. Photos: S. C. Nunn." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275740/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">53</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135E2A227659FFAC9293F8FFFF2AD349" box="[151,184,1797,1823]" captionStart="FIGURES 71 – 76" captionStartId="26.[151,270,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[165,1409,415,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[165,1409,415,1874]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 71 – 76. Lyrognathus lessunda sp. nov., holotype female (except: paratype female QM S 74066; 75, 76): 71. Abdomen and legs IV, dorsal view. 72. Left leg IV, retrolateral view. 73. Left leg IV, prolateral view. 74. Left met. and tar. IV, ventral view. 75. Left maxillae, prolateral view. 76. Left maxillary lyra, prolateral view. Scale bar = 10 mm for 71 – 73; 5 mm for 74; 2 mm for 75; 1 mm for 76. Photos: S. C. Nunn." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275744/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">71</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135E2A227659FFAC92C2F8FFFF7AD349" box="[198,232,1797,1823]" captionStart="FIGURES 92 – 101" captionStartId="32.[151,270,1604,1628]" captionTargetBox="[160,1422,253,1586]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,253,1601]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 92 – 101. Lyrognathus liewi (jun. syn. L. robustus), paratype female QM S 19651.15461. 92. Habitus, dorsal view. 93. Eyes, dorsal view. 94. Sternum, labium and right maxillae, ventral view. 95. Intercheliceral pegs, prolateral view. 96. Right chelicerae, lower retrolateral view showing strikers and arrow pointing to retrolateral basomedial cheliceral spines. 97. Right maxillae showing lyra, prolateral view. 98. Right leg IV, ventral view. 99. Right leg IV, retrolateral view. 100. Right tar. IV, prolateral view showing transverse suture and reduced third claw. 101. Spermathecae, dorsal view. Scale bar = 10 mm for 92, 98, 99; 5 mm for 100; 2 mm for 93 – 97; 1 mm for 101. Illustrations: S. C. Nunn." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275748/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">99</figureCitation>
), retrolateral surface of coxae IV entirely hirsute (except
<taxonomicName id="4C654D247659FFAC91B4F8FFFBABD348" box="[944,1081,1797,1822]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Lyrognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustus">
<emphasis id="B911EAB57659FFAC91B4F8FFFBABD348" box="[944,1081,1797,1822]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">L. robustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and undivided metatarsi IV scopula in females (
<figureCitation id="135E2A227659FFAC9381F8D0FE70D312" box="[389,482,1834,1860]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 19" captionStartId="12.[151,269,1580,1604]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1556]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,194,1559]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 19. Lyrognathus achilles sp. nov., holotype female: 15. Carapace, dorsal view. 16. Eyes, dorsal view. 17. Sternum, labium, maxillae and coxa, ventral view. 18. Labium, ventral view. 19. Abdomen, legs IV, ventral view. Scale bar = 10 mm for 15, 17, 19; 2 mm for 16, 18. Photos: S. C. Nunn." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275732/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs 19</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135E2A227659FFAC93EBF8D0FD9DD312" box="[495,527,1834,1860]" captionStart="FIGURES 53 – 57" captionStartId="21.[151,270,1949,1973]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,815,1935]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,815,1938]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 53 – 57. Lyrognathus fuscus sp. nov. holotype female (except paratype QM S 88051; 56 – 57): 53. Left leg IV, dorsal view. 54. Left leg IV, retrolateral view. 55. Left met, tar. IV, prolateral view. 56. Left maxillae, prolateral view. 57. Maxillary lyra, prolateral view. Scale bar = 10 mm for 53 – 55; 2 mm for 56; 1 mm for 57. Photos: S. C. Nunn." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275740/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">54</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135E2A227659FFAC9018F8D0FDAFD312" box="[540,573,1834,1860]" captionStart="FIGURES 71 – 76" captionStartId="26.[151,270,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[165,1409,415,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[165,1409,415,1874]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 71 – 76. Lyrognathus lessunda sp. nov., holotype female (except: paratype female QM S 74066; 75, 76): 71. Abdomen and legs IV, dorsal view. 72. Left leg IV, retrolateral view. 73. Left leg IV, prolateral view. 74. Left met. and tar. IV, ventral view. 75. Left maxillae, prolateral view. 76. Left maxillary lyra, prolateral view. Scale bar = 10 mm for 71 – 73; 5 mm for 74; 2 mm for 75; 1 mm for 76. Photos: S. C. Nunn." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275744/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">74</figureCitation>
), except
<taxonomicName id="4C654D247659FFAC90ADF8D1FCBCD312" box="[681,814,1835,1860]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Lyrognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustus">
<emphasis id="B911EAB57659FFAC90ADF8D1FCBCD312" box="[681,814,1835,1860]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">L. robustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which shows a possibly unique form of division of the metatarsi IV scopula by extremely stout, spiniform setae (
<figureCitation id="135E2A227659FFAC9174F8AAFC5BD33C" box="[880,969,1872,1898]" captionStart="FIGURES 92 – 101" captionStartId="32.[151,270,1604,1628]" captionTargetBox="[160,1422,253,1586]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,253,1601]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 92 – 101. Lyrognathus liewi (jun. syn. L. robustus), paratype female QM S 19651.15461. 92. Habitus, dorsal view. 93. Eyes, dorsal view. 94. Sternum, labium and right maxillae, ventral view. 95. Intercheliceral pegs, prolateral view. 96. Right chelicerae, lower retrolateral view showing strikers and arrow pointing to retrolateral basomedial cheliceral spines. 97. Right maxillae showing lyra, prolateral view. 98. Right leg IV, ventral view. 99. Right leg IV, retrolateral view. 100. Right tar. IV, prolateral view showing transverse suture and reduced third claw. 101. Spermathecae, dorsal view. Scale bar = 10 mm for 92, 98, 99; 5 mm for 100; 2 mm for 93 – 97; 1 mm for 101. Illustrations: S. C. Nunn." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275748/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 98</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C654D247659FFAC91DAF8AAFBE3D33F" box="[990,1137,1872,1897]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Lyrognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B911EAB57659FFAC91DAF8AAFBE3D33F" box="[990,1137,1872,1897]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Lyrognathus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
further differs in that the male embolus is entirely lanceolate with a singular prolateral keel extending ventrally and proximally (
<figureCitation id="135E2A227659FFAC974FF88FFA04D3D9" box="[1355,1430,1909,1935]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 10. 3" captionStartId="7.[151,269,1657,1681]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,211,1635]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[162,1425,194,1635]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 10. 3. Lyrognathus species. L. crotalus Pocock, female habitus, dorsal view. 4. L. pugnax, holotype female habitus, dorsal view. 5. L. crotalus, male embolus, prolateral view. 6. L. crotalus, paratype female spermathecae, dorsal view. 7. L. crotalus, holotype maxillae, prolateral view. 8. L. crotalus, holotype right tib. IV, dorsal view. 9. L. crotalus, holotype chelicerae, ectal view showing strikers. 10. L. crotalus, holotype chelicerae, prolateral view. Scale bar = 10 mm for 3, 4; 1 mm for 5; 0.5 mm for 6. Figs: 3 – 6: S. C. Nunn; Photos: 7 – 10, R. Raven." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275729/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs 5</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135E2A227659FFAC9293F860FF2BD3E2" box="[151,185,1946,1972]" captionStart="FIGURES 35 – 40" captionStartId="17.[151,270,1248,1272]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,194,1226]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,194,1226]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 35 – 40. Lyrognathus achilles sp. nov., paratype male: 35. Sternum, labium, maxillae and coxa, ventral view. 36. Right maxillae, retrotrolateral view showing strikers. 37. Right chelicerae, intercheliceral pegs, prolateral view. 38. Right distal palp showing bulb, prolateral view. 39. Right distal palp showing bulb, retrolateral view. 40. Right bulb and embolus, ventro-anterior view showing keeled embolus. Scale bar = 10 mm for 35; 2 mm for 38, 39; 1 mm for 36, 37, 40. Photos: S. C. Nunn." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275736/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">40</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135E2A227659FFAC92C2F860FE8AD3E2" box="[198,280,1946,1972]" captionStart="FIGURES 81 – 90" captionStartId="29.[151,271,1676,1700]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,412,1651]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,412,1652]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 81 – 90. Lyrognathus lessunda sp. nov. paratype male QM S 74069: 81. Habitus, dorsal view. 82. Carapace, dorsal view. 83. Eyes, dorsal view. 84. Sternum, labium, maxillae and coxa, ventral view. 85. Right intercheliceral pegs, prolateral view. 86. Right cheliceral strikers, ectal view. 87. Right maxillae showing lyra, prolateral view. 88. Left bulb, retrolateral view. 89. Left bulb, prolateral view. 90. Left bulb, anterior view. Scale bar = 10 mm for 81; 5 mm for 82, 84; 2 mm for 83, 86, 87; 1 mm for 85, 88 – 90. Photos: S. C. Nunn." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275746/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">89, 90</figureCitation>
). Differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C654D247659FFAC93D5F861FDEBD3E2" box="[465,633,1947,1972]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Selenocosmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B911EAB57659FFAC93D5F861FDEBD3E2" box="[465,633,1947,1972]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Selenocosmia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Java and Sumatra and from
<taxonomicName id="4C654D247659FFAC9625F861FB72D3E2" box="[1057,1248,1947,1972]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Coremiocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B911EAB57659FFAC9625F861FB72D3E2" box="[1057,1248,1947,1972]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Coremiocnemis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F37276377659FFAC9729F860FA0FD3E2" box="[1325,1437,1946,1972]" name="Malaysia" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
(males and females) in the above traits, in the large size of posterior sternal sigilla and that the clavate trichobothrial field on tarsi I–IV occur in distal 1/2 (in Malaysian, Javan and Sumatran species of
<taxonomicName id="4C654D247658FFAD9293FF47FEA9D480" box="[151,315,189,214]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Selenocosmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B911EAB57658FFAD9293FF47FEA9D480" box="[151,315,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Selenocosmia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="B911EAB57658FFAD9372FF47FDA5D480" box="[374,567,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="4C654D247658FFAD9372FF47FDA1D480" box="[374,563,189,214]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Coremiocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Coremiocnemis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
clavates extend to distal 3/4 of all tarsi), and general leg morphology as diagnosed above.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F652C7658FFAD92C2FEFDFB4FD574" box="[198,1245,263,290]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BDA36A77658FFAD92C2FEFDFB4FD574" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,999]" box="[198,1245,263,290]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B911EAB57658FFAD92C2FEFDFEF9D577" bold="true" box="[198,363,263,289]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<typeStatus id="54DE88057658FFAD92C2FEFDFE91D577" box="[198,259,263,289]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Type</typeStatus>
species:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C654D247658FFAD9376FEF2FC9FD574" authority="Pocock 1895" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1895" box="[370,781,264,290]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Lyrognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crotalus">
<emphasis id="B911EAB57658FFAD9376FEF2FDF9D577" box="[370,619,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lyrognathus crotalus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B567658FFAD9076FEF2FC9FD574" author="Pocock" box="[626,781,264,290]" pageId="5" pageNumber="43" refString="Pocock, R. I. (1895) On a new and natural grouping of some of the Oriental genera of Mygalomorphae, with descriptions of new genera and species. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 15 (6), 165 - 184." type="journal article" year="1895">Pocock 1895</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation and monotypy.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F652C7658FFAD92C2FED7FE0CD751" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BDA36A77658FFAD92C2FED7FDDCD6B4" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,999]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B911EAB57658FFAD92C2FED7FEF3D511" bold="true" box="[198,353,301,327]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Description:</emphasis>
A selenocosmiine theraphosid genus with incrassate leg IV combined with penicillate retrolateral setal brushes in both sexes (except in male
<taxonomicName id="4C654D247658FFAD913FFEA8FC56D53D" box="[827,964,338,363]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Lyrognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustus">
<emphasis id="B911EAB57658FFAD913FFEA8FC56D53D" box="[827,964,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">L. robustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), leg length formula IV, I, II, III (both sexes), leg width formula IV, III, I, II (females), circular ocular tubercle–higher posteriorly, with fovea of equal width, clypeus absent, retrolateral surface of coxae IV entirely hirsute (except in
<taxonomicName id="4C654D247658FFAD96ACFE67FABFD5E0" box="[1192,1325,413,438]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Lyrognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustus">
<emphasis id="B911EAB57658FFAD96ACFE67FABFD5E0" box="[1192,1325,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">L. robustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
),&gt;2 DV, 1DPV, 1DRV, 1DD metatarsal III/IV spine arrangement, no basofemoral spines, retrolateral basomedial spine cluster on chelicerae (present/absent), keeled/terete lanceolate embolus with small basoventral projection present/absent, intercheliceral peg or spiniform setae, bilobular spermathecae with lateral lobes at 2/3 to 3/4 length of medials (most species) or unilobular spermathecal receptacles (
<taxonomicName id="4C654D247658FFAD9605FDC8FB13D61D" box="[1025,1153,562,587]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Lyrognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crotalus">
<emphasis id="B911EAB57658FFAD9605FDC8FB13D61D" box="[1025,1153,562,587]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">L. crotalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), spermathecae heavily sclerotized distally, grading to clear shafts proximally, metatarsi IV scopula divided (
<taxonomicName id="4C654D247658FFAD96DBFDA2FAFCD627" box="[1247,1390,600,625]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Lyrognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustus">
<emphasis id="B911EAB57658FFAD96DBFDA2FAFCD627" box="[1247,1390,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">L. robustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) or undivided, metatarsi IV scopula in distal 1/3 (
<taxonomicName id="4C654D247658FFAD90B4FD87FCA1D6C0" box="[688,819,637,662]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Lyrognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustus">
<emphasis id="B911EAB57658FFAD90B4FD87FCA1D6C0" box="[688,819,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">L. robustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) or for full length, unarmed paired claws, third claw on leg IV present (
<taxonomicName id="4C654D247658FFAD9371FD58FE6AD6ED" box="[373,504,674,699]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Lyrognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustus">
<emphasis id="B911EAB57658FFAD9371FD58FE6AD6ED" box="[373,504,674,699]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">L. robustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) or absent (all other species) and clavate trichobothria on distal 1/2 of all tarsi, very long. No dorsal carapace thorns.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36A77658FFAD92C2FD17FE0CD751" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,999]" box="[198,414,749,775]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B911EAB57658FFAD92C2FD17FE0CD751" bold="true" box="[198,414,749,775]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Species included:</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F652C7658FFAD92C2FCE8FDB2D707" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BDA36A77658FFAD92C2FCE8FDCFD77A" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,999]" box="[198,605,786,812]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="4C654D247658FFAD92C2FCE8FDCFD77A" ID-CoL="3WTQJ" authority="Pocock 1895" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1895" box="[198,605,786,812]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Lyrognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crotalus">
<emphasis id="B911EAB57658FFAD92C2FCE8FE2DD77D" box="[198,447,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lyrognathus crotalus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B567658FFAD93C2FCE8FDCFD77A" author="Pocock" box="[454,605,786,812]" pageId="5" pageNumber="43" refString="Pocock, R. I. (1895) On a new and natural grouping of some of the Oriental genera of Mygalomorphae, with descriptions of new genera and species. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 15 (6), 165 - 184." type="journal article" year="1895">Pocock 1895</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36A77658FFAD92C2FCC2FDB2D707" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,999]" box="[198,544,823,849]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="4C654D247658FFAD92C2FCC2FE29D707" ID-CoL="3WTQH" box="[198,443,824,849]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Lyrognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="achilles" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B911EAB57658FFAD92C2FCC2FE29D707" box="[198,443,824,849]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lyrognathus achilles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22257CE7658FFAD93C6FCCDFDB2D707" box="[450,544,823,849]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B911EAB57658FFAD93C6FCCDFDB2D707" bold="true" box="[450,544,823,849]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F652C7658FFAD92C2FCA7FDB9D7CA" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BDA36A77658FFAD92C2FCA7FD9CD721" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,999]" box="[198,526,861,887]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="4C654D247658FFAD92C2FCA7FE3BD720" box="[198,425,861,886]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Lyrognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B911EAB57658FFAD92C2FCA7FE3BD720" box="[198,425,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lyrognathus fuscus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22257CE7658FFAD93B4FCA7FD9CD721" box="[432,526,861,887]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B911EAB57658FFAD93B4FCA7FD9CD721" bold="true" box="[432,526,861,887]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36A77658FFAD92C2FC78FDB9D7CA" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,999]" box="[198,555,898,924]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="4C654D247658FFAD92C2FC78FE55D7CD" box="[198,455,898,923]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Lyrognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lessunda" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B911EAB57658FFAD92C2FC78FE55D7CD" box="[198,455,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lyrognathus lessunda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22257CE7658FFAD93C9FC78FDB9D7CA" box="[461,555,898,924]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B911EAB57658FFAD93C9FC78FDB9D7CA" bold="true" box="[461,555,898,924]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F652C7658FFAD92C2FC52FDC9D7B1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BDA36A77658FFAD92C2FC52FDC1D794" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,999]" box="[198,595,936,962]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="4C654D247658FFAD92C2FC52FDC1D794" ID-CoL="3WTQQ" authority="Smith 1988" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1988" box="[198,595,936,962]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Lyrognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustus">
<emphasis id="B911EAB57658FFAD92C2FC52FE56D797" box="[198,452,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lyrognathus robustus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B567658FFAD93CFFC52FDC1D794" author="Smith" box="[459,595,936,962]" pageId="5" pageNumber="43" refString="Smith, A. M. (1988) Lyrognathus robustus, a new species of theraphosid spider from Malaysia. British Tarantula Society Journal, 4 (2), 15 - 19." type="journal article" year="1988">Smith 1988</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36A77658FFAD92C2FC37FDC9D7B1" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,999]" box="[198,603,973,999]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="4C654D247658FFAD92C2FC37FDC9D7B1" ID-CoL="3WTQR" authority="Pocock 1900" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1900" box="[198,603,973,999]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Lyrognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saltator">
<emphasis id="B911EAB57658FFAD92C2FC37FE29D7B0" box="[198,443,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lyrognathus saltator</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B567658FFAD93C6FC37FDC9D7B1" author="Pocock" box="[450,603,973,999]" pageId="5" pageNumber="43" refString="Pocock, R. I. (1900) The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Arachnida, London, 279 pp." type="book" year="1900">Pocock 1900</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F652C7658FFAD92C2FBEDFAC0D064" box="[198,1362,1047,1074]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BDA36A77658FFAD92C2FBEDFAC0D064" blockId="5.[198,1362,1047,1074]" box="[198,1362,1047,1074]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B911EAB57658FFAD92C2FBEDFEFBD067" bold="true" box="[198,361,1047,1073]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Distribution:</emphasis>
Northeastern
<collectingCountry id="F37276377658FFAD900BFBE2FDDCD064" box="[527,590,1048,1074]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">India</collectingCountry>
, West
<collectingCountry id="F37276377658FFAD909FFBE2FC9BD064" box="[667,777,1048,1074]" name="Malaysia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
, Borneo and Lombok Island,
<collectingCountry id="F37276377658FFAD9661FBE2FB45D064" box="[1125,1239,1048,1074]" name="Indonesia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="135E2A227658FFAD96E3FBE2FAD8D064" box="[1255,1354,1048,1074]" captionStart="FIGURE 114" captionStartId="38.[151,255,1297,1321]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1276]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[151,1436,194,1276]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 114. Records of Lyrognathus species in Southeast Asia. C. Senescall" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275751/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 114</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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