treatments-xml/data/C6/08/1B/C6081B0A2FED56E59C18BB7F76A86798.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.52.8721" ID-PMC="PMC4549883" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-52-23" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FF88FF9505162F2FFFA7F372FF96FFC6" ID-PubMed="26311505" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576313" ModsDocID="1314-2003-52-23" checkinTime="1451251433656" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Gillespie, Lynn J., Saarela, Jeffery M., Sokoloff, Paul C. &amp; Bull, Roger D." docDate="2015" docId="C6081B0A2FED56E59C18BB7F76A86798" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 52: 23-79" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 52" docPubDate="2015-06-25" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.52.8721" docTitle="Sabulina stricta (Sw.) Rchb." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="FF88FF9505162F2FFFA7F372FF96FFC6" lastPageNumber="44" masterDocId="FF88FF9505162F2FFFA7F372FF96FFC6" masterDocTitle="New vascular plant records for the Canadian Arctic Archipelago" masterLastPageNumber="79" masterPageNumber="23" pageNumber="43" updateTime="1668141407704" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>New vascular plant records for the Canadian Arctic Archipelago</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Gillespie, Lynn J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Botany Section &amp; Centre for Arctic Knowledge and Exploration, Research and Collections, Canadian Museum of Nature, P. O. Box 3443 Stn. D, Ottawa, Ontario K 1 P 6 P 4, Canada</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">lgillespie@mus-nature.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart>Saarela, Jeffery M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Botany Section &amp; Centre for Arctic Knowledge and Exploration, Research and Collections, Canadian Museum of Nature, P. O. Box 3443 Stn. D, Ottawa, Ontario K 1 P 6 P 4, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Sokoloff, Paul C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Botany Section &amp; Centre for Arctic Knowledge and Exploration, Research and Collections, Canadian Museum of Nature, P. O. Box 3443 Stn. D, Ottawa, Ontario K 1 P 6 P 4, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Bull, Roger D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Botany Section &amp; Centre for Arctic Knowledge and Exploration, Research and Collections, Canadian Museum of Nature, P. O. Box 3443 Stn. D, Ottawa, Ontario K 1 P 6 P 4, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2015-06-25</mods:number>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182227924" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C6081B0A2FED56E59C18BB7F76A86798" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C6081B0A2FED56E59C18BB7F76A86798" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="20" pageNumber="43">
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<taxonomicName LSID="C6081B0A-2FED-56E5-9C18-BB7F76A86798" authority="(Sw.) Rchb." authorityName="(Sw.) Rchb." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Sabulina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sabulina stricta" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="20" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stricta">Sabulina stricta (Sw.) Rchb.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hiern" authorityYear="1899" baseAuthorityName="Sw." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Minuartia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Minuartia stricta" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="20" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stricta">Minuartia stricta</taxonomicName>
(Sw.) Hiern
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="43" type="common name">
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="43">Common name.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="43">Bog stitchwort</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="43" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="43">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="43">Circumpolar-alpine</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="20" pageNumber="43" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="43">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="43">
This species was first recorded for the western CAA, on southern Victoria Island, by 
<bibRefCitation author="Thannheiser, D" journalOrPublisher="Hamburger Vegetationsgeographische Mitteilungen" pageId="41" pageNumber="64" pagination="53 - 58" refId="B92" refString="Thannheiser, D, Moller, I, Geesink, B, Wuthrich, C, 2001. Floristic studies on Victoria Island (Canadian Arctic). Hamburger Vegetationsgeographische Mitteilungen 14: 53 - 58" title="Floristic studies on Victoria Island (Canadian Arctic)." volume="14" year="2001">Thannheiser et al. (2001</bibRefCitation>
; no voucher collection located), and is confirmed by our collection. The species is known from Baffin, Southampton, and Coats Islands in the eastern Arctic Islands, and has a scattered distribution across the low Arctic (and north-west alpine areas) from Alaska to Labrador and Greenland. On mainland Nunavut it is currently known only from the Hudson Bay area, and in the Northwest Territories from the vicinity of Great Bear Lake and the Hornaday River (
<bibRefCitation author="Porsild, AE" journalOrPublisher="National Museum of Natural Sciences, National Museums of Canada, Ottawa" pageId="40" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 667" refId="B76" refString="Porsild, AE, Cody, WJ, 1980. Vascular Plants of the Continental Northwest Territories, Canada. National Museum of Natural Sciences, National Museums of Canada, Ottawa: 1 - 667" title="Vascular Plants of the Continental Northwest Territories, Canada" year="1980">Porsild and Cody 1980</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Saarela, JM" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="40" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 177" publicationUrl="10.11646/phytotaxa.102.1.1" refId="B80" refString="Saarela, JM, Gillespie, LJ, Consaul, LL, Bull, RD, 2013a. Annotated checklist to the vascular plant flora of Tuktut Nogait National Park and the Melville Hills region (Canadian Low Arctic). Phytotaxa 102: 1 - 177, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.102.1.1" title="Annotated checklist to the vascular plant flora of Tuktut Nogait National Park and the Melville Hills region (Canadian Low Arctic)." url="10.11646/phytotaxa.102.1.1" volume="102" year="2013 a">Saarela et al. 2013a</bibRefCitation>
). The Victoria Island collections represent a range extension of ca. 400 km northeast of the Northwest Territories populations and ca. 1000 km west of the closest Nunavut population.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="44">
<pageBreakToken pageId="21" pageNumber="44" start="start">This</pageBreakToken>
species was previously known as 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hiern" authorityYear="1899" baseAuthorityName="Sw." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Minuartia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Minuartia stricta" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stricta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Minuartia stricta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Sw.) Hiern (e.g., 
<bibRefCitation author="Porsild, AE" journalOrPublisher="National Museum of Natural Sciences, National Museums of Canada, Ottawa" pageId="40" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 667" refId="B76" refString="Porsild, AE, Cody, WJ, 1980. Vascular Plants of the Continental Northwest Territories, Canada. National Museum of Natural Sciences, National Museums of Canada, Ottawa: 1 - 667" title="Vascular Plants of the Continental Northwest Territories, Canada" year="1980">Porsild and Cody 1980</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Flora of North America Editorial Committee" journalOrPublisher="Oxford University Press, Oxford and New York" pageId="40" pageNumber="63" pagination="116 - 136" refId="B77" refString="Flora of North America Editorial Committee, 2005. Minuartia Linnaeus. In: Flora of North America North of Mexico, Volume 5 Magnoliophyta: Caryophyllidae, part 2. Oxford University Press, Oxford and New York: 116 - 136" title="Minuartia Linnaeus." volumeTitle="Flora of North America North of Mexico, Volume 5 Magnoliophyta: Caryophyllidae, part 2." year="2005">Rabeler et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Aiken, SG" journalOrPublisher="NRC Research Press, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa" pageId="35" pageNumber="58" publicationUrl="http://nature.ca/en/research-collections/research-projects/flora-canadian-arctic-archipelago/" refId="B1" refString="Aiken, SG, Dallwitz, MJ, Consaul, LL, McJannet, CL, Boles, RL, Argus, GW, Gillett, JM, Scott, PJ, Elven, R, LeBlanc, MC, Gillespie, LJ, Brysting, AK, Solstad, H, Harris, JG, 2007. Flora of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago: Descriptions, Illustrations, Identification, and Information Retrieval [CD-ROM]. NRC Research Press, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, http://nature.ca/en/research-collections/research-projects/flora-canadian-arctic-archipelago/" title="Flora of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago: Descriptions, Illustrations, Identification, and Information Retrieval [CD-ROM]" url="http://nature.ca/en/research-collections/research-projects/flora-canadian-arctic-archipelago/" year="2007">Aiken et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
) (the name 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Sabulina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sabulina stricta" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stricta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Sabulina stricta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Michx.) Small ex Rydb., based on 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Potamogetonaceae" genus="Arenaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Arenaria stricta" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stricta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Arenaria stricta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Michx. [= 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dillenb &amp; Kadereit" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Michx." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Sabulina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sabulina michauxii" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="michauxii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Sabulina michauxii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fenzl) Dillenb. &amp; Kadereit, a non-Arctic species], is an illegitimate homonym). Recent molecular studies have determined 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Minuartia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Minuartia" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Minuartia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be polyphyletic (
<bibRefCitation author="Harbaugh-Reynaud, D" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Plant Sciences" pageId="38" pageNumber="61" pagination="185 - 198" publicationUrl="10.1086/648993" refId="B46" refString="Harbaugh-Reynaud, D, Nepokroeff, M, Rabeler, RK, McNeill, J, Zimmer, EA, Wagner, WL, 2010. A new lineage-based tribal classification of the family Caryophyllaceae. International Journal of Plant Sciences 171: 185 - 198, DOI: 10.1086/648993" title="A new lineage-based tribal classification of the family Caryophyllaceae." url="10.1086/648993" volume="171" year="2010">Harbaugh-Reynaud et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Greenberg, AK" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="38" pageNumber="61" pagination="1637 - 1652" refId="B45" refString="Greenberg, AK, Donoghue, MJ, 2011. Molecular systematics and character evolution in Caryophyllaceae. Taxon 60: 1637 - 1652" title="Molecular systematics and character evolution in Caryophyllaceae." volume="60" year="2011">Greenberg and Donoghue 2011</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Saarela, JM" journalOrPublisher="PLoS ONE" pageId="40" pageNumber="63" publicationUrl="10.1371/journal.pone.0077982" refId="B81" refString="Saarela, JM, Sokoloff, PC, Gillespie, LJ, Consaul, LL, Bull, RD, 2013b. DNA barcoding the Canadian Arctic flora: core plastid barcodes (rbcL + matK) for 490 vascular plant species. PLoS ONE 8, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077982" title="DNA barcoding the Canadian Arctic flora: core plastid barcodes (rbcL + matK) for 490 vascular plant species." url="10.1371/journal.pone.0077982" volume="8" year="2013 b">Saarela et al. 2013b</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Dillenberger, MS" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="37" pageNumber="60" pagination="64 - 88" publicationUrl="10.12705/631.5" refId="B34" refString="Dillenberger, MS, Kadereit, JW, 2014. Maximum polyphyly: Multiple origins and delimitation with plesiomorphic characters require a new circumscription of Minuartia (Caryophyllaceae). Taxon 63: 64 - 88, DOI: 10.12705/631.5" title="Maximum polyphyly: Multiple origins and delimitation with plesiomorphic characters require a new circumscription of Minuartia (Caryophyllaceae)." url="10.12705/631.5" volume="63" year="2014">Dillenberger and Kadereit 2014</bibRefCitation>
). The most comprehensive sampling of the genus was conducted by 
<bibRefCitation author="Dillenberger, MS" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="37" pageNumber="60" pagination="64 - 88" publicationUrl="10.12705/631.5" refId="B34" refString="Dillenberger, MS, Kadereit, JW, 2014. Maximum polyphyly: Multiple origins and delimitation with plesiomorphic characters require a new circumscription of Minuartia (Caryophyllaceae). Taxon 63: 64 - 88, DOI: 10.12705/631.5" title="Maximum polyphyly: Multiple origins and delimitation with plesiomorphic characters require a new circumscription of Minuartia (Caryophyllaceae)." url="10.12705/631.5" volume="63" year="2014">Dillenberger and Kadereit (2014)</bibRefCitation>
, who proposed a new classification of the group. The clade to which 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hiern" authorityYear="1899" baseAuthorityName="Sw." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Minuartia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Minuartia stricta" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stricta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Minuartia stricta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs (&quot;clade 10&quot;) has been segregated as a distinct genus, 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Sabulina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sabulina" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Sabulina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Rchb., with 65 species. 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Sabulina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sabulina" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Sabulina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
includes four other Canadian Arctic species: 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rydb" authorityYear="1931" baseAuthorityName="Britton" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Sabulina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sabulina dawsonensis" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dawsonensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Sabulina dawsonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Britton) Rydb. [syn. 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Minuartia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Minuartia dawsonensis" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dawsonensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Minuartia dawsonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Britton) House], 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dillenb &amp; Kadereit" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Cham. &amp; Schltdl." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Sabulina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sabulina elegans" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Sabulina elegans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Cham. &amp; Schltdl.) Dillenb. &amp; Kadereit [syn. 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schischk" authorityYear="1936" baseAuthorityName="Cham. &amp; Schltdl." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Minuartia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Minuartia elegans" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Minuartia elegans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Cham. &amp; Schltdl.) Schischk], 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dillenb &amp; Kadereit" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="R. Br. ex Richardson" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Sabulina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sabulina rossii" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rossii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Sabulina rossii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(R.Br.) Dillenb. &amp; Kadereit [syn. 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Minuartia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Minuartia rossii" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rossii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Minuartia rossii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(R.Br.) Graebn.], 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dillenb &amp; Kadereit" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Wahlenb." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Sabulina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sabulina rubella" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rubella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Sabulina rubella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Wahlenb.) Dillenb. &amp; Kadereit [syn. 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Minuartia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Minuartia rubella" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rubella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Minuartia rubella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Wahlenb.) Hiern.]. Four Canadian Arctic species, 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Minuartia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Minuartia biflora" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="biflora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Minuartia biflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) Schinz &amp; Thell., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Minuartia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Minuartia arctica" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arctica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Minuartia arctica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Steven ex Ser.) Graebn., 
<taxonomicName authorityName="House" authorityYear="1921" baseAuthorityName="Rydb." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Minuartia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Minuartia obtusiloba" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="obtusiloba">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Minuartia obtusiloba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Rydb.) House, and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hulten" authorityYear="1968" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Minuartia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Minuartia yukonensis" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="yukonensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Minuartia yukonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hultén">Hulten</normalizedToken>
, are part of &quot;clade 6&quot; in 
<bibRefCitation author="Dillenberger, MS" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="37" pageNumber="60" pagination="64 - 88" publicationUrl="10.12705/631.5" refId="B34" refString="Dillenberger, MS, Kadereit, JW, 2014. Maximum polyphyly: Multiple origins and delimitation with plesiomorphic characters require a new circumscription of Minuartia (Caryophyllaceae). Taxon 63: 64 - 88, DOI: 10.12705/631.5" title="Maximum polyphyly: Multiple origins and delimitation with plesiomorphic characters require a new circumscription of Minuartia (Caryophyllaceae)." url="10.12705/631.5" volume="63" year="2014">Dillenberger and Kadereit (2014)</bibRefCitation>
, which they recognize as the genus 
<taxonomicName class="Eudicots" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Cherleria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cherleria" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Cherleria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L., with some 19 species. Combinations for these species in 
<taxonomicName class="Eudicots" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Cherleria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cherleria" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Cherleria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are not available; we assume they will be published in a revision of 
<taxonomicName class="Eudicots" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Cherleria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cherleria" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Cherleria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that is noted to be in preparation (
<bibRefCitation author="Dillenberger, MS" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="37" pageNumber="60" pagination="64 - 88" publicationUrl="10.12705/631.5" refId="B34" refString="Dillenberger, MS, Kadereit, JW, 2014. Maximum polyphyly: Multiple origins and delimitation with plesiomorphic characters require a new circumscription of Minuartia (Caryophyllaceae). Taxon 63: 64 - 88, DOI: 10.12705/631.5" title="Maximum polyphyly: Multiple origins and delimitation with plesiomorphic characters require a new circumscription of Minuartia (Caryophyllaceae)." url="10.12705/631.5" volume="63" year="2014">Dillenberger and Kadereit 2014</bibRefCitation>
, see their Appendix S3). 
<taxonomicName class="Eudicots" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Cherleria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cherleria" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Cherleria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished from 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Sabulina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sabulina" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Sabulina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by sepals obtuse and oblong (versus acute and linear-lanceolate) (
<bibRefCitation author="Dillenberger, MS" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="37" pageNumber="60" pagination="64 - 88" publicationUrl="10.12705/631.5" refId="B34" refString="Dillenberger, MS, Kadereit, JW, 2014. Maximum polyphyly: Multiple origins and delimitation with plesiomorphic characters require a new circumscription of Minuartia (Caryophyllaceae). Taxon 63: 64 - 88, DOI: 10.12705/631.5" title="Maximum polyphyly: Multiple origins and delimitation with plesiomorphic characters require a new circumscription of Minuartia (Caryophyllaceae)." url="10.12705/631.5" volume="63" year="2014">Dillenberger and Kadereit 2014</bibRefCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ostenf" authorityYear="1920" baseAuthorityName="Pursh" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Minuartia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Minuartia macrocarpa" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Minuartia macrocarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Pursh) Ostenfeld (= 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dillenb &amp; Kadereit" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Pursh" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Pseudocherleria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pseudocherleria macrocarpa" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Pseudocherleria macrocarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Pursh) Dillenb. &amp; Kadereit) is part of &quot;clade 3&quot;, which is recognized as the new genus 
<taxonomicName authorityName="M.S.Dillenberger &amp; J.W.Kadereit" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Pseudocherleria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pseudocherleria" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Pseudocherleria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Dillenb. &amp; Kadereit, with ca. 12 species. 
<taxonomicName authorityName="M.S.Dillenberger &amp; J.W.Kadereit" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Pseudocherleria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pseudocherleria" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Pseudocherleria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has obtuse sepals, but differs in its long acute multicellular hairs (
<bibRefCitation author="Dillenberger, MS" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="37" pageNumber="60" pagination="64 - 88" publicationUrl="10.12705/631.5" refId="B34" refString="Dillenberger, MS, Kadereit, JW, 2014. Maximum polyphyly: Multiple origins and delimitation with plesiomorphic characters require a new circumscription of Minuartia (Caryophyllaceae). Taxon 63: 64 - 88, DOI: 10.12705/631.5" title="Maximum polyphyly: Multiple origins and delimitation with plesiomorphic characters require a new circumscription of Minuartia (Caryophyllaceae)." url="10.12705/631.5" volume="63" year="2014">Dillenberger and Kadereit 2014</bibRefCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ostenf" authorityYear="1920" baseAuthorityName="Retz." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Minuartia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Minuartia groenlandica" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="groenlandica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Minuartia groenlandica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Retzius) Ostenfeld (= 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dillenb &amp; Kadereit" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Retz." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Mononeuria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mononeuria groenlandica" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="groenlandica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Mononeuria groenlandica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Retzius) Dillenb. &amp; Kadereit) is part of &quot;clade 5&quot;, recognized as the genus 
<taxonomicName authorityName="H.G.L.Reichenbach" authorityYear="1841" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Mononeuria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mononeuria" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Mononeuria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Rchb., characterized by an annual or biennial habit and emarginate petals (sometimes absent) twice as long as the sepals (
<bibRefCitation author="Dillenberger, MS" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="37" pageNumber="60" pagination="64 - 88" publicationUrl="10.12705/631.5" refId="B34" refString="Dillenberger, MS, Kadereit, JW, 2014. Maximum polyphyly: Multiple origins and delimitation with plesiomorphic characters require a new circumscription of Minuartia (Caryophyllaceae). Taxon 63: 64 - 88, DOI: 10.12705/631.5" title="Maximum polyphyly: Multiple origins and delimitation with plesiomorphic characters require a new circumscription of Minuartia (Caryophyllaceae)." url="10.12705/631.5" volume="63" year="2014">Dillenberger and Kadereit 2014</bibRefCitation>
). There are no species of 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Minuartia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Minuartia" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Minuartia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s.s. in the Canadian Arctic. Of the above species only 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dillenb &amp; Kadereit" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Cham. &amp; Schltdl." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Sabulina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sabulina elegans" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Sabulina elegans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dillenb &amp; Kadereit" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="R. Br. ex Richardson" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Sabulina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sabulina rossii" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rossii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Sabulina rossii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dillenb &amp; Kadereit" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Wahlenb." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Sabulina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sabulina rubella" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rubella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Sabulina rubella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Sabulina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sabulina stricta" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stricta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Sabulina stricta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Minuartia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Minuartia biflora" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="biflora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Minuartia biflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occur in the CAA.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="44">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Sabulina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sabulina stricta" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stricta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Sabulina stricta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be distinguished from the closely related and largely sympatric 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dillenb &amp; Kadereit" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="R. Br. ex Richardson" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Sabulina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sabulina rossii" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rossii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Sabulina rossii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
- 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dillenb &amp; Kadereit" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Cham. &amp; Schltdl." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Sabulina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sabulina elegans" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Sabulina elegans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species complex by the presence of branched flowering stems bearing two or more flowers (versus always unbranched and 1-flowered in the latter). Recent molecular evidence suggests that 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Sabulina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sabulina stricta" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stricta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Sabulina stricta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be part of this species complex and not easily separable from the genetically diverse species 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dillenb &amp; Kadereit" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Cham. &amp; Schltdl." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Sabulina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sabulina elegans" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Sabulina elegans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Saarela, JM" journalOrPublisher="PLoS ONE" pageId="40" pageNumber="63" publicationUrl="10.1371/journal.pone.0077982" refId="B81" refString="Saarela, JM, Sokoloff, PC, Gillespie, LJ, Consaul, LL, Bull, RD, 2013b. DNA barcoding the Canadian Arctic flora: core plastid barcodes (rbcL + matK) for 490 vascular plant species. PLoS ONE 8, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077982" title="DNA barcoding the Canadian Arctic flora: core plastid barcodes (rbcL + matK) for 490 vascular plant species." url="10.1371/journal.pone.0077982" volume="8" year="2013 b">Saarela et al. 2013b</bibRefCitation>
, S. Leung and L.J. Gillespie, unpubl. data).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="44" type="specimens examined">
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Canada. Nunavut</emphasis>
: Kitikmeot Region, Victoria Island, rocky hills S of large unnamed lake ca. 18 km ENE of Johansen Bay airstrip, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="68" direction="north" minutes="38" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="43" value="68.64528">68°38'43&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="110" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="9" value="-110.66917">110°40'9&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 50-80 m, 14 July 2008, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Gillespie, Saarela, Consaul &amp; Bull 7966</emphasis>
(ALA, CAN-592334, MT, O).
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="21" pageNumber="44" start="Figure 12" startId="F12">
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Figure 12.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Potamogetonaceae" genus="Arenaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Arenaria humifusa" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humifusa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Arenaria humifusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">A</emphasis>
habitat 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">B</emphasis>
habit 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">C</emphasis>
flowers, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="44">Gillespie et al. 9882</emphasis>
. Photographs by L.J. Gillespie.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>