311 lines
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311 lines
30 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.496.9169" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7bfcdf18-2d67-4da7-a171-bb9408e77bbf" ID-PMC="PMC4410158" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-496-85" ID-PubMed="25931956" ID-ZBK="DE6EE3CABEFB4D20A41151743759BCB8" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-496-85" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 496" ModsDocTitle="Description of a new species of Wormaldia from Sardinia and a new Drusus species from the Western Balkans (Trichoptera, Philopotamidae, Limnephilidae)" checkinTime="1451244436679" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Vitecek, Simon, Previsic, Ana, Kucinic, Mladen, Balint, Miklos, Keresztes, Lujza, Waringer, Johann, Pauls, Steffen U., Malicky, Hans & Graf, Wolfram" docDate="2015" docId="9E7B47AC0792AAEDB72E9ACFEDE82F69" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 496: 85-103" docOrigin="ZooKeys 496" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.496.9169" docTitle="Drusus crenophylax Graf & Vitecek, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="4FBB2D55-59BD-46AB-8E39-B34F2D892C79" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="91" masterDocId="0708A031FFEA6B79FE22B61FFF8C775A" masterDocTitle="Description of a new species of Wormaldia from Sardinia and a new Drusus species from the Western Balkans (Trichoptera, Philopotamidae, Limnephilidae)" masterLastPageNumber="103" masterPageNumber="85" pageNumber="87" updateTime="1668160203181" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Description of a new species of Wormaldia from Sardinia and a new Drusus species from the Western Balkans (Trichoptera, Philopotamidae, Limnephilidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Vitecek, Simon</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Previsic, Ana</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kucinic, Mladen</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Balint, Miklos</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Keresztes, Lujza</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Waringer, Johann</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Pauls, Steffen U.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Malicky, Hans</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Graf, Wolfram</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>496</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>85</mods:start>
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<mods:end>103</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.496.9169</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.496.9169</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-496-85</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">DE6EE3CABEFB4D20A41151743759BCB8</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">DE6EE3CABEFB4D20A41151743759BCB8</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152059637" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4FBB2D55-59BD-46AB-8E39-B34F2D892C79" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9E7B47AC0792AAEDB72E9ACFEDE82F69" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="87" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Taxon classification Animalia Trichoptera Limnephilidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="87" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/4FBB2D55-59BD-46AB-8E39-B34F2D892C79" authority="Graf & Vitecek" class="Insecta" family="Limnephilidae" genus="Drusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drusus crenophylax" order="Trichoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenophylax">Drusus crenophylax Graf & Vitecek</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="2" pageNumber="87">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="87" type="material">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
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Holotype. 1 male: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Cvrcka river;
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="44.548866">44°32.932'N</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="17.3927">17°23.562'E</geoCoordinate>
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; 393 m a.s.l.; 01.10.2014; leg. Dejan
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Dmitrović">Dmitrovic</normalizedToken>
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, Goran
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Šukalo">Sukalo</normalizedToken>
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; specimen identifier: fDsp4501M. Paratypes: 2 females: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Spring of Cvrcka river, Vilenjska vrela;
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="44.55005">44°33.003'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="17.393">17°23.580'E</geoCoordinate>
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; 456 m a.s.l.; 12.09.2012; leg. Dejan
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Dmitrović">Dmitrovic</normalizedToken>
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; specimen identifiers: fDsp3401F, fDsp3402F. 4 males, 3 females, 19 larvae: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Spring of Cvrcka river, Vilenjska vrela;
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="44.55005">44°33.003'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="17.393">17°23.580'E</geoCoordinate>
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456 m a.s.l.; 12.09.2012; leg. Dejan
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Dmitrović">Dmitrovic</normalizedToken>
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, Goran
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Šukalo">Sukalo</normalizedToken>
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; specimen identifiers for 3 larvae: fDsp4502L, fDsp4503L, fDsp4504L. Holotype and paratypes currently in coll. W. Graf, will deposited in the Biologiezentrum des
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Oberösterreichischen">Oberoesterreichischen</normalizedToken>
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Landesmuseums, Linz, Austria.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="87" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Bosnia and Herzegovina, Republika Srpska, Cvrcka River.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
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Males of the new species are most similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Limnephilidae" genus="Drusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drusus discophorus" order="Trichoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="discophorus">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="88" start="start">Drusus</pageBreakToken>
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discophorus
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</taxonomicName>
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Radovanovic and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Limnephilidae" genus="Drusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drusus vernonensis" order="Trichoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vernonensis">Drusus vernonensis</taxonomicName>
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Malicky, but exhibit (1) subtriangular superior appendages in lateral view, (2) subtriangular, low tip of the intermediate appendage in lateral view, and (3) simple, rounded tips of intermediate appendages in caudal view.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Limnephilidae" genus="Drusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drusus discophorus" order="Trichoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="discophorus">Drusus discophorus</taxonomicName>
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males have suboval superior appendages and a high round tip of the intermediate appendage in lateral view;
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Limnephilidae" genus="Drusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drusus vernonensis" order="Trichoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vernonensis">Drusus vernonensis</taxonomicName>
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males have round superior appendages in lateral view and trilobate tips of intermediate appendages in caudal view.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
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Females of the new species show the reduced median lobe of the vaginal sclerite and high base of the lateral lobe of segment IX as typical for Balkan
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Drusinae">Drusinae</taxonomicName>
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, and are most similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Limnephilidae" genus="Drusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drusus vernonensis" order="Trichoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vernonensis">Drusus vernonensis</taxonomicName>
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, but exhibit (1) a sharp dorsal notch of segment X in lateral view, and (2) segment X with 2 round median lobes in dorsal view.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Limnephilidae" genus="Drusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drusus vernonensis" order="Trichoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vernonensis">Drusus vernonensis</taxonomicName>
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females have a rounded dorsal outline of segment X and lack the median lobes of segment X.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
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Larvae of the new species are most similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Limnephilidae" genus="Drusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drusus klapaleki" order="Trichoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="klapaleki">Drusus klapaleki</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Marinković-Gospodnetić">Marinkovic-Gospodnetic</normalizedToken>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Limnephilidae" genus="Drusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drusus serbicus" order="Trichoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serbicus">Drusus serbicus</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Marinković-Gospodnetić">Marinkovic-Gospodnetic</normalizedToken>
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, but exhibit (1) a semicircular area dorsomedially on the pronotum anterior the pronotal ridge void of white recumbent setae, (2) lateral gills, and (3) a subtriangular pronotal ridge in lateral view. Larvae of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Limnephilidae" genus="Drusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drusus klapaleki" order="Trichoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="klapaleki">Drusus klapaleki</taxonomicName>
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have white recumbent setae covering the whole pronotum, and larvae of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Limnephilidae" genus="Drusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drusus serbicus" order="Trichoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serbicus">Drusus serbicus</taxonomicName>
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lack lateral gills and have an annular pronotal ridge.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="89">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="89" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="89">
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Adults. Habitus dark; sclerites and tergites brown; cephalic and thoracic setal areas pale; cephalic, thoracic and abdominal setation blond; legs light brown to fawn, proximally darker; haustellum and intersegmental integument pale, whitish. Wings smoky, with dark setae. Male maxillary palp 3-segmented. Forewing length 11-13.2 mm, spur formula 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–3–">-3-</normalizedToken>
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3 in males; forewing length 13-14.5 mm, spur formula 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–3–">-3-</normalizedToken>
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3 in females.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="89">
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Male genitalia (Fig. 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–E">A-E</normalizedToken>
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). Tergite VIII dark brown, in dorsal view cranially distinctly incised, with lighter areas around fused alveoli; setation concentrated at laterocranial borders of spinate areas; spinate area as two
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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triangular laterocaudal lobes medially connected by a band of spines, embracing a medial, indent less sclerotized area (translucent in cleared specimens) with scarce spines. Ninth abdominal segment (IX) ventrally wider than dorsally in caudal view; in lateral view medially with a sharp caudad protrusion and a ventral protrusion, embracing the base of the inferior appendices. Superior appendages in lateral view subtriangular, somewhat Y-shaped with a shorter dorsal and a longer ventral protrusion separated by a slight indentation. Intermediate appendages in lateral view blocky with 2 tips, the proximal sharp, the distal high, rounded, rough; in dorsal view the tips parallel, extending laterally: a bar-shaped, laterally rounded distal tip and a sharp proximal tip, separated by a rounded excision with round edges; in caudal view approximately triangular, tips rounded. Inferior appendages (gonopods sensu
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<bibRefCitation author="Snodgrass, RE" journalOrPublisher="Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" title="Principles of Insect Morphology" year="1935">Snodgrass 1935</bibRefCitation>
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) in lateral view proximally wide, medially slightly constricted with a slight dorsal triangular protrusion, curved dorsadly in the slender posterior third; in dorsal, ventral and caudal view proximal part laterad, distal part approximately straight in dorsoventral plane, curved dorsad; in caudal view tips distinctly slender; setal alveoli fused, creating a rugged, less sclerotized ventral area. Parameres simple, with a distinct medial thorn-like spine and 2 proximal spines in the proximal half.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="89">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="89">
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Figure 3. Genitalia of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Limnephilidae" genus="Drusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drusus crenophylax" order="Trichoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenophylax">Drusus crenophylax</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–E">A-E</normalizedToken>
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male genitalia: A right lateral view B paramere in right lateral view C ventral view D caudal view E dorsal view
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<normalizedToken originalValue="F–I">F-I</normalizedToken>
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female genitalia: F right lateral view G ventral view H caudal view I dorsal view. Scale bar: 1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="89">
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Female genitalia (Fig. 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="F–I">F-I</normalizedToken>
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). Segment IX setation abundant, concentrated in the caudal half; lateral lobe of segment IX membraneous, in lateral view oblique triangular, the ventral edge about twice as long as the dorsal edge, with a dorsal sclerotized setose part protruding caudally; in dorsal and ventral view slender, projecting lateradly; in caudal view dorsal sclerotized setose part somewhat triangular. Segment X in lateral view with a proximal and a distal part, defined by a sharp dorsal notch; in dorsal view trapezoidal, with rounded shoulders, 2 small dorsal median lobes, and distally with 2 triangular, sharp-tipped lateral lobes, each with a lateral rounded setose and a small median rounded protrusion; ventrally unsclerotized, open. Supragenital plate in lateral view sinuously-edged quadrangular with a small, rounded dorsal protrusion, caudal line slightly indent; in ventral view quadrangular, in caudal view quadrangular, dorsally slightly wider than ventrally. Vulvar scale in lateral view triangular, rather straight, longer than the supragenital plate; in ventral view slender with 3 lobes: 2 lateral lobes, digitiform, roundly oval, straight; 1 median, short (reduced), of greater width than length: length approximately 1/6th of that of lateral lobes.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
|
|||
|
|
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="90" start="start">Fifth</pageBreakToken>
|
|||
|
|
instar larva (Fig. 4
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–I">A-I</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
). Head capsule hypognathous, finely granulated with a field of microspinules dorsal to each eye, dark brown dorsally, fading to yellow ventrally; 18 pairs of primary setae present: #1, 4, 6, 10, 12, 13 yellow and #6, 13 short, inconspicuous, the rest dark brown, long (Fig. 4A); antennae located on high carinae, each carina about as high as long, both strongly curved mediad (Fig. 4B); mandibles toothless. Pronotum dark brown, coarsely granulated; distinct medial ridge present, rounded, steeper anteriorly in lateral view; recumbent white setae present, but lacking in a semicircular area anterior the pronotal ridge (Fig. 4C); pronotal horn present. Mesonotum completely covered by 2 sclerites, dark brown, with darker apodemes; edges black; sa1 comprising 4-6 setae, sa2 and sa3 connected, comprising 28-34 setae in total on each sclerite (Fig. 4D). Metanotum with 3 pairs of sclerites: anteriomedian sclerites subtriangularly ovoid, dark brown with 11-19 setae; posteromedian sclerites rhomboid, pale brown, with 13-15 setae; lateral sclerites long, curved dorsally in lateral view, pale brown fading to yellow ventrally with a dark median spot and 21-25 setae (Fig. 4E). Legs yellow-light brown, dorsally and distally darker (Fig. 4
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="F–H">F-H</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
). Abdomen white (Fig. 4G), dorsal gills from II praesegmental position to VI praesegmental position, lateral gills from II praesegmental position to IV praesegmental position, ventral gills from II prasegmental position to VII postsegmental position; lateral line from last quarter of II to first quarter of VIII (Fig. 4I); abdomen I with 1 dorsal and 2 lateral protuberances, posterior sclerites absent on lateral protuberances, setal areas sa1-3 fused dorsally and ventrally (Fig. 4D, E), sternum bearing 2 setae with distinct basal plates; abdomen VIII with 2 long and 2-4 short posterodorsal setae on either side; abdomen IX with 1 posterodorsal seta on either side, dorsal sclerite IX semicircular, pale brown with 7 long and several shorter setae. Case simple, constructed of mineral particles.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
|
|||
|
|
Figure 4. Larval characteristics of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Limnephilidae" genus="Drusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drusus crenophylax" order="Trichoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenophylax">Drusus crenophylax</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
sp. n. A head, frontal view B head, left lateral view C pronotum dorsal view D meso- and metathorax with abdominal segment I, dorsal view E abdominal segments I-V, left lateral view F left thoracic leg I, frontal view G left thoracic leg II; frontal view H left thoracic leg III, frontal view; bottom, gill and lateral line diagram, positions of gills are depicted as black circles, position of lateral line bold.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" type="molecular species delimitation and larval affiliation">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Molecular species delimitation and larval affiliation.</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
|
|||
|
|
Analysis of the genetic distance of mtCOI between
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Limnephilidae" genus="Drusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drusus crenophylax" order="Trichoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenophylax">
|
|||
|
|
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="91" start="start">Drusus</pageBreakToken>
|
|||
|
|
crenophylax
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
sp. n. and the in the adult stage morphologically most similar species,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Limnephilidae" genus="Drusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drusus discophorus" order="Trichoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="discophorus">Drusus discophorus</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Limnephilidae" genus="Drusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drusus vernonensis" order="Trichoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vernonensis">Drusus vernonensis</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, clearly supports the recognition of the new species. Uncorrected p-distances recorded in a fragment of the mtCOI gene (ranging from 2-8%; Fig. 5), agree with the interspecific distances commonly recorded in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName family="Limnephilidae" lsidName="" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" rank="family">Limnephilidae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(e.g.,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Graf, W" journalOrPublisher="Annales de Limnologie" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="93 - 98" title="Larval description of Drususmuelleri McLachlan, 1868 (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae) with some notes on its ecology and systematic position within the genus Drusus." url="10.1051/limn/2005012" volume="41" year="2005">Graf et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Kucinic, M" journalOrPublisher="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift" pageId="10" pageNumber="95" pagination="136 - 153" title="Larval description, genetic and ecological features of Drususradovanoviciradovanovici Marinkovic-Gospodnetic, 1971 (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae) with some phylogenetic and taxonomic data on the bosnicus group in the Balkan Peninsula." url="10.1002/mmnd.201100010" volume="58" year="2011 a">
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kučinić">Kucinic</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
et al. 2011a
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Previsic, A" journalOrPublisher="Arthropod Systematics and Phylogeny" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" pagination="309 - 329" title="Cryptic diversity of caddisflies in the Balkans: the curious case of Ecclisopteryx species (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae)." volume="72" year="2014 a">
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Previšić">Previsic</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
et al. 2014a
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Previsic, A" journalOrPublisher="Freshwater Science" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" pagination="250 - 262" title="Microscale vicariance and diversification of western Balkan caddisflies linked to karstification." url="10.1086/674430" volume="33" year="2014 b">b</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) and other caddisfly families (e.g.,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName family="Hydropsychidae" lsidName="" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" rank="family">Hydropsychidae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Pauls, SU" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the North American Benthological Society" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" pagination="1058 - 1074" title="DNA barcode data confirm new species and reveal cryptic diversity in Chilean Smicridea (Smicridea) (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae)." url="10.1899/09-108.1" volume="29" year="2010">Pauls et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Also, all haplotypes of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Limnephilidae" genus="Drusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drusus crenophylax" order="Trichoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenophylax">Drusus crenophylax</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
sp. n. adults were completely identical to another and those of undescribed
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Limnephilidae" genus="Drusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drusus" order="Trichoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Drusus</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
-larvae collected at the locus typicus, enabling confident affiliation of larvae and adults of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Limnephilidae" genus="Drusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drusus crenophylax" order="Trichoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenophylax">Drusus crenophylax</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
sp. n.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
|
|||
|
|
Figure 5. Distance matrix (lower left) and colour heat map (upper right) showing uncorrected inter- and intraspecific p-distances of the partial mtCOI sequence (541 bp) between
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Limnephilidae" genus="Drusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drusus crenophylax" order="Trichoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenophylax">Drusus crenophylax</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
sp. n.,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Limnephilidae" genus="Drusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drusus vernonensis" order="Trichoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vernonensis">Drusus vernonensis</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Limnephilidae" genus="Drusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drusus discophorus" order="Trichoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="discophorus">Drusus discophorus</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. For detailed information on the haplotypes, see Table 1.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="91" type="ecology and distribution">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Drusinae">Drusinae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
species typically are members of crenal species communities, and mainly inhabit crenal sections of cold streams. Larval
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Limnephilidae" genus="Drusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drusus crenophylax" order="Trichoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenophylax">Drusus crenophylax</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
were collected at eucrenal sections of the Cvrcka River (Fig. 6A, B) and behave as epilithic grazers, as indicated by mandible morphology (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Pauls, SU" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" pagination="776 - 791" title="Grazers, shredders and filtering carnivores - The evolution of feeding ecology in Drusinae (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae): Insights from a molecular phylogeny." url="10.1016/j.ympev.2007.11.003" volume="46" year="2008">Pauls et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Graf, W" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="53 - 62" title="A new feeding group within larval Drusinae (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae): the Drususalpinus Group sensu Schmid, 1956, including larval descriptions of Drususfranzi Schmid, 1956, and Drususalpinus (Meyer-Duer, 1875)." volume="2031" year="2009">Graf et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Based on regional collection data, we assume that the species is a micro-endemic restricted to the watershed of the Cvrcka river.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
|
|||
|
|
Figure 6. Habitat of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Limnephilidae" genus="Drusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drusus crenophylax" order="Trichoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenophylax">Drusus crenophylax</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
sp. n. at the type locality. A collection site of the larval paratypes B collection site of the male holotype.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="91" type="etymology">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
|
|||
|
|
The species epithet is a compound name, combining
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="κρηνον">κρηνον</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
('well, spring,
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="fountain’">fountain'</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
in Ancient Greek) and
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="φυλαξ">φυλαξ</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
('guard, keeper,
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="protector’">protector'</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
in Ancient Greek), terms that reflect the high degree of niche specificity of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Limnephilidae" genus="Drusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drusus" order="Trichoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Drusus</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
species, the majority of which inhabit crenal sections of streams (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Graf, W" editor="Schmidt-Kloiber, A" journalOrPublisher="Pensoft Publishers, Sofia, Moscow" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" title="Volume 1 - Trichoptera." volumeTitle="Distribution and Ecological Preferences of European Freshwater Organisms." year="2008">Graf et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|