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<document id="9DFD491A1C5E68829B7416AC658F7954" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3736.4.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e4b7b0b6-4d68-42da-b27e-7a3538275c9a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="217717" ID-ZooBank="201D21DA-7F0B-400F-8947-90AEFAA26530" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460698486895" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Heiss, Ernst &amp; Guilbert, Eric" docDate="2013" docId="7D1A879A44718347FF40705BFE550756" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03736p386.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3736 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Burmacader Heiss &amp; Guilbert, 2013, new genus" docType="treatment" docUuid="5AA30046-1C15-47C3-8C8F-8498196A46F3" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="384" masterDocId="8123FFE244738342FFD7776FFFEC030E" masterDocTitle="Two new genera and species of Tingidae from Cretaceous amber from Myanmar (Burma) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera)" masterLastPageNumber="386" masterPageNumber="379" pageNumber="381" updateTime="1698354022816" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="0074FBA702B472FB3A7F1A0DB718DCF1">Two new genera and species of Tingidae from Cretaceous amber from Myanmar (Burma) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6BE64662CFD78CDC14EEF35463A3C1C2">Heiss, Ernst</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4A87FC9C1E82A9090F6E4E9EE2496487">Guilbert, Eric</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="69A56FF26869A590257DF4A3F4DF3606">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="884CE27F289997E2AEB5C036D64D2E75">2013</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="3F4D65A1A33C04E9922E2427A32C3ACC" type="volume">
<mods:number id="C9AD323EE2C78EA826E8CFD022760204">3736</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="88D7F61FF81A98781B63649BC69BC3DB">4</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="5AE0E87F440929AFE8494141DC53BA2B" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3736.4.5</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="7D1A879A44718347FF40705BFE550756" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6147748" ID-GBIF-Taxon="150753630" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6147748" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5AA30046-1C15-47C3-8C8F-8498196A46F3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7D1A879A44718347FF40705BFE550756" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="384" pageId="2" pageNumber="381">
<subSubSection id="BDA9650744718346FF40705BFBFA0286" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="383" pageId="2" pageNumber="381" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F50C368C44718340FF40705BFE5A0440" blockId="2.[151,438,1844,1870]" box="[151,438,1844,1870]" pageId="2" pageNumber="381">
<heading id="AE4481E044718340FF40705BFE5A0440" bold="true" box="[151,438,1844,1870]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="381" reason="1">
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44718340FF40705BFE5A0440" bold="true" box="[151,438,1844,1870]" pageId="2" pageNumber="381">
<taxonomicName id="32B34D0F44718340FF40705BFEC20440" box="[151,302,1844,1870]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Burmacader" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="381" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44718340FF40705BFEC20440" bold="true" box="[151,302,1844,1870]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="381">Burmacader</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DCF457E544718340FEE2705BFE5A0440" box="[309,438,1844,1870]" pageId="2" pageNumber="381" rank="genus">new genus</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F50C368C44718340FF407014FD82049E" blockId="2.[151,622,1914,1936]" box="[151,622,1914,1936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="381">
<typeStatus id="2A08882E44718340FF407014FF25049E" box="[151,201,1915,1936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="381">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="32B34D0F44718340FEF17014FDC3049E" box="[294,559,1915,1936]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Burmacader" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="381" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multivenosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44718340FEF17014FDC3049E" box="[294,559,1915,1936]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="381">Burmacader multivenosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44718340FDE27014FD82049E" bold="true" box="[565,622,1915,1936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="381">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DCF457E544718340FDE27014FD82049E" box="[565,622,1915,1936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="381" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<caption id="A1CC660444708341FF40719BFF160446" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/217718/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="382" targetBox="[160,1426,202,1755]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="F50C368C44708341FF40719BFF160446" blockId="3.[151,1436,1780,1864]" pageId="3" pageNumber="382">
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44708341FF40719BFED00404" bold="true" box="[151,316,1780,1803]" pageId="3" pageNumber="382">FIGURES 1–2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="32B34D0F44708341FE94719AFDDE0404" box="[323,562,1781,1802]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Spinitingis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="382" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ellenbergeri" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44708341FE94719AFDDE0404" box="[323,562,1781,1802]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="382">Spinitingis ellenbergeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44708341FDED719AFD1D0404" bold="true" box="[570,753,1781,1802]" pageId="3" pageNumber="382">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DCF457E544708341FDED719AFD680404" box="[570,644,1781,1802]" pageId="3" pageNumber="382" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
n. sp. 3–5.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="32B34D0F44708341FD2E719AFBEF0404" box="[761,1027,1781,1802]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Burmacader" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="382" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multivenosus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44708341FD2E719AFBEF0404" box="[761,1027,1781,1802]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="382">Burmacader multivenosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44708341FBDC719AFB4F0404" bold="true" box="[1035,1187,1781,1802]" pageId="3" pageNumber="382">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DCF457E544708341FBDC719AFBB90404" box="[1035,1109,1781,1802]" pageId="3" pageNumber="382" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
n. sp. 1
</emphasis>
—holotype lateral view;
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44708341FF40707CFF480426" bold="true" box="[151,164,1811,1832]" pageId="3" pageNumber="382">2</emphasis>
—holotype ventral view;
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44708341FE7F707CFE580426" bold="true" box="[424,436,1811,1832]" pageId="3" pageNumber="382">3</emphasis>
—holotype dorsal view;
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44708341FD67707CFD510426" bold="true" box="[688,701,1811,1832]" pageId="3" pageNumber="382">4</emphasis>
—reconstruction, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44708341FC20707BFBE80427" bold="true" box="[1015,1028,1812,1833]" pageId="3" pageNumber="382">5</emphasis>
—holotype ventral view. Scale for Fig.4 = 0.5mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="F50C368C44778346FF4077F8FE6B03BE" blockId="4.[151,1046,151,392]" box="[151,391,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44778346FF4077F8FE6B03BE" bold="true" box="[151,391,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">Systematic position:</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F50C368C44778346FF4077D3FEB103DB" blockId="4.[151,1046,151,392]" box="[151,349,188,213]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">
Order:
<taxonomicName id="32B34D0F44778346FF3077D3FEB103DB" box="[231,349,188,213]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="383" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F50C368C44778346FF4077B0FE7C03F9" blockId="4.[151,1046,151,392]" box="[151,400,223,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">
Suborder:
<taxonomicName id="32B34D0F44778346FEDB778FFE7C03F9" box="[268,400,224,247]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Heteroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="383" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Heteroptera</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F50C368C44778346FF40766BFDA8024E" blockId="4.[151,1046,151,392]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">Infraorder: Cimicomorpha Leston, Pendergrast &amp; Southwood, 1954 Superfamily: Tingoidea Laporte, 1832</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F50C368C44778346FF407623FE18026A" blockId="4.[151,1046,151,392]" box="[151,500,332,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">
Family
<taxonomicName id="32B34D0F44778346FF3A7623FE18026A" authority="Laporte, 1832" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1832" box="[237,500,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="383" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tingidae Laporte, 1832</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F50C368C44778346FF407600FBFA0286" blockId="4.[151,1046,151,392]" box="[151,1046,367,392]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">
Subfamily status tentatively between Vianaidinae and
<taxonomicName id="32B34D0F44778346FD207600FCB60286" box="[759,858,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="383" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tinginae">Tinginae</taxonomicName>
+Cantacaderinae
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BDA9650744778346FF4076D8FF36016E" pageId="4" pageNumber="383" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="F50C368C44778346FF4076D8FF36016E" blockId="4.[151,1436,439,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44778346FF4076D8FEFD02DE" bold="true" box="[151,273,439,464]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Macropterous. Body elongate, surface punctate and areolate, lateral margins setigerous. Head short without spines; antennae short, segments III longest; pronotum with anterolaterally expanded paranota, disk without longitudinal carinae; scutellum distinct; hemelytra divided into costal, subcostal and discoidal areas, subcostal one with about 10, discoidal one with 3-4 transverse veins, stenocostal area absent; membrane without veins.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BDA9650744778346FF107503FEFD001B" pageId="4" pageNumber="383" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="F50C368C44778346FF107503FB26018B" blockId="4.[151,1436,439,645]" box="[199,1226,620,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44778346FF107503FEA2018B" bold="true" box="[199,334,620,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">Etymology.</emphasis>
Refers to
<collectingCountry id="8DA4761C44778346FE167502FDE1018A" box="[449,525,621,644]" name="Myanmar" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">Burma</collectingCountry>
(now
<collectingCountry id="8DA4761C44778346FD837503FD2A018A" box="[596,710,620,644]" name="Myanmar" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
), the country of origin, and the suffix “cader.”
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F50C368C44778346FF4075B8FEFD001B" blockId="4.[151,525,727,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44778346FF4075B8FDE101FE" bold="true" box="[151,525,727,752]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">
<taxonomicName id="32B34D0F44778346FF4075B8FE2B01FE" box="[151,455,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Burmacader" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="383" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multivenosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44778346FF4075B8FE2B01FE" bold="true" box="[151,455,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">Burmacader multivenosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DCF457E544778346FE1975B8FDE101FE" box="[462,525,727,752]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(Figs. 3–5)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BDA9650744778346FF40742BFF4000E2" pageId="4" pageNumber="383" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F50C368C44778346FF40742BFF4000E2" blockId="4.[151,1437,836,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44778346FF40742BFEE70053" bold="true" box="[151,267,836,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">
<typeStatus id="2A08882E44778346FF40742BFEEA0053" box="[151,262,836,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
Female in a piece of
<date id="810D104C44778346FDCC742BFDBD0053" box="[539,593,836,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">5x5x</date>
<quantity id="324B9B6944778346FD86742BFD600053" box="[593,652,836,861]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="383" unit="mm" value="5.0">5mm</quantity>
Burmese Amber, most probably originating from Kachin State in northern
<collectingCountry id="8DA4761C44778346FED47407FE9E008E" box="[259,370,872,896]" name="Myanmar" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
. Head and pronotum slightly displaced and damaged, partly depressed; eyes incomplete, hemelytra with left wing anteriorly detached thus leaving a cleft between corium and clavus and right hemelytron. This specimen is designated as
<typeStatus id="2A08882E44778346FE2074C0FDB500C6" box="[503,601,943,968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and is deposited in the collection of the first author (CEHI) as BUB-Ting- 2.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BDA9650744778346FF107498FC36049B" pageId="4" pageNumber="383" type="description">
<paragraph id="F50C368C44778346FF107498FE0D0756" blockId="4.[151,1437,836,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44778346FF107498FEB5071E" bold="true" box="[199,345,1015,1040]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">Description.</emphasis>
Smaller species; body oval, light brown, head and apex of antennal segment IV darker; lateral margins of pronotum and hemelytra beset with sparse setae, few erect setae also present on main hemelytral veins; antennae with sparse pilosity.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F50C368C44778346FF10730AFBB30603" blockId="4.[151,1437,836,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">
H e a d short, about as long as antennal segment I; surface granulate without distinct spines or larger tubercles but with long erect setae, eyes only partly preserved; antennae slender about 2.5x as long as width of head and longer than width of pronotum; antennal segment I shortest and thickest, II+III thinner, II tapering toward base, III cylindrical, IV spindle-shaped; length of antennal segment I/II/III/IV = 8?/
<date id="810D104C44778346FBFE73BFFB7907E6" box="[1065,1173,1232,1256]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383" value="2010-10-14">10/14/10.</date>
Rostrum reaching to mesocoxae, lateral bucculae semiroundedly expanded ventrally with 2-3 rows of cells.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F50C368C44778346FF107277FAE20693" blockId="4.[151,1437,836,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">P r o n o t u m subrectangular, surface with deep cell-like punctures, no longitudinal carinae are discernible, lateral margins rounded at humeri followed on anterior ¾ by triangularly expanded paranota with 4 rows of cells on widest anterolateral angle, these larger than those of pronotum; anterior margin straight, anteriorly produced and overlapping the head between paranota; posterior margin slightly sinuate without posterior projection.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F50C368C44778346FF1072C7FC6F06CE" blockId="4.[151,1437,836,2013]" box="[199,899,1447,1472]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">S c u t e l l u m triangular with knob-like apex, surface rugose.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F50C368C44778346FF1072A2FEDD040A" blockId="4.[151,1437,836,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">H e m e l y t r a macropterous, distinctly surpassing apex of abdomen by ¼ of their length; costal area with two rows of cells at middle, one row posteriorly and three cells at sinuate expansion anteriorly; subcostal area delimited by subcostal and hypocostal veins divided by 10 (left wing) and 11 (right wing) transverse veins with 7-8 transverse rows of cells at its widest part; hypocostal vein and fused radial + median veins carinate, discoidal area in between them flat with 3-4 transverse veins and 7-8 cells at the median widest area; sutural area basally bordering clavus with one row of cells this following inner margin of R+M veins along membrane to its posterior end; membrane without veins; clavus triangular with about 6-7 cells at its widest part; a short stenocostal lamina with one row of cells on anterior half is ventrally developed along insinuation of costal area but not reaching to anterior apex.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F50C368C44778346FF10707EFEF50443" blockId="4.[151,1437,836,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">L e g s long and slender, femora not incrassate, tibiae thin and cylindrical, tarsi two-segmented, claws with a basal tooth.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F50C368C44778346FF107036FC36049B" blockId="4.[151,1437,836,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">
M e a s u r e m e n t s length
<quantity id="324B9B6944778346FDF57037FD98047E" box="[546,628,1880,1904]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="383" unit="mm" value="2.8">2.8mm</quantity>
; width of head
<quantity id="324B9B6944778346FCF07037FC95047E" box="[807,889,1880,1904]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="383" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4mm</quantity>
; width of pronotum
<quantity id="324B9B6944778346FBB37037FB5A047E" box="[1124,1206,1880,1904]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="383" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9mm</quantity>
; width of hemelytra
<quantity id="324B9B6944778346FF407013FF1B049A" box="[151,247,1916,1940]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.32" pageId="4" pageNumber="383" unit="mm" value="1.32">1.32mm</quantity>
; length of antennal segments I/II/III/IV = 0.2?/0.25/0.35/
<quantity id="324B9B6944778346FCAF7013FC3A049B" box="[888,982,1916,1941]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="383" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BDA9650744778346FF1070CFFAD304B7" box="[199,1343,1952,1977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="F50C368C44778346FF1070CFFAD304B7" blockId="4.[151,1437,836,2013]" box="[199,1343,1952,1977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44778346FF1070CFFEA204B7" bold="true" box="[199,334,1952,1977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">Etymology.</emphasis>
Named after the numerous transverse veins of subcostal and discoidal areas of hemelytra.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BDA9650744778347FF1070ABFE550756" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="384" pageId="4" pageNumber="383" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="F50C368C44778347FF1070ABFEED02A3" blockId="4.[151,1437,836,2013]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,1112]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="384" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44778346FF1070ABFEA004D3" bold="true" box="[199,332,1988,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="383">Discussion.</emphasis>
The most recent study dealing with the systematics of
<taxonomicName id="32B34D0F44778346FC0D70ABFBD104D3" box="[986,1085,1988,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="383" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tingidae</taxonomicName>
using a phylogenetic analysis (Schuh
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44768347FF3B77F6FEC803BE" box="[236,292,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">et al.</emphasis>
2006), recognized five characters as apomorphic to the
<taxonomicName id="32B34D0F44768347FC4277F8FC1403BE" box="[917,1016,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tingidae</taxonomicName>
within the Miroidea: (1) the presence of a labial groove on the thoracic sternum, (2) the bucculae extending from the clypeus to the posterior margin of the head, (3) the ostioles of the metathoracic glands on the metepisternum, (4) the presence of a medial projection on the posterior margin of abdominal sternum 7 or “subgenital plate.” and (5) the parempodia greatly reduced.
<taxonomicName id="32B34D0F44768347FF407647FE50024E" box="[151,444,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Burmacader" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multivenosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44768347FF407647FE50024E" box="[151,444,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Burmacader multivenosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44768347FE147648FDEE024E" bold="true" box="[451,514,295,320]" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DCF457E544768347FE147648FDEE024E" box="[451,514,295,320]" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
shares the first two characters, the third one is not clearly discernible, and the two last ones cannot be seen because of the impurities obscuring the inclusion. However, the specimen shows clearly the general habitus of a
<taxonomicName id="32B34D0F44768347FE627600FDF70286" box="[437,539,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tingidae</taxonomicName>
. Based on these characters we would include this specimen in the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="32B34D0F44768347FF4076FBFF1102A3" box="[151,253,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tinginae">Tinginae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F50C368C44768347FF1076D8FE1E0036" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">
The scutellum of
<taxonomicName id="32B34D0F44768347FE4476D7FD5602DE" box="[403,698,440,464]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Burmacader" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multivenosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44768347FE4476D7FD5602DE" box="[403,698,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Burmacader multivenosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44768347FD1376D8FCE902DE" bold="true" box="[708,773,439,464]" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DCF457E544768347FD1376D8FCE902DE" box="[708,773,439,464]" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is well developed, the second antennal segment is nearly subequal in length to the third segment and, as far as recognizeable, the metathoracic gland peritreme seems to be T-shaped. These characters which distinguish the Vianaidinae from
<taxonomicName id="32B34D0F44768347FC797690FBFD0116" box="[942,1041,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tinginae">Tinginae</taxonomicName>
+Cantacaderinae (see Schuh et al, 2006 and Lis 1999) would suggest the placement of
<taxonomicName id="32B34D0F44768347FD32754AFC7A0132" box="[741,918,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Burmacader" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multivenosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44768347FD32754AFC7A0132" box="[741,918,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">B. multivenosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44768347FC49754BFC310133" bold="true" box="[926,989,548,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DCF457E544768347FC49754BFC310133" box="[926,989,548,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
within the Vianaidinae. In addition, the sutural area is bordered by a narrow membrane, like
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44768347FD357527FC1C016E" box="[738,1008,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Vianagramma goldmani</emphasis>
(Golub &amp; Popov 2000). However, the R+M and Cu veins on the forewings are not fused at the base, a feature distinctive for
<taxonomicName id="32B34D0F44768347FBB07503FB26018B" box="[1127,1226,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tinginae">Tinginae</taxonomicName>
+ Cantacaderinae.
<taxonomicName id="32B34D0F44768347FF4075FFFE5001A6" box="[151,444,656,680]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Burmacader" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multivenosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44768347FF4075FFFE5001A6" box="[151,444,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">Burmacader multivenosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44768347FE1475E0FDEF01A6" bold="true" box="[451,515,655,680]" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DCF457E544768347FE1475E0FDEF01A6" box="[451,515,655,680]" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
possesses also well developed areolate paranota, and a costal area unusually wide for Vianaidinae. The size of these areolate structures argue for the placement of
<taxonomicName id="32B34D0F44768347FBCB75DAFB2201C2" box="[1052,1230,692,716]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Burmacader" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multivenosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44768347FBCB75DAFB2201C2" box="[1052,1230,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">B. multivenosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44768347FB0275DBFAF801C3" bold="true" box="[1237,1300,692,717]" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DCF457E544768347FB0275DBFAF801C3" box="[1237,1300,692,717]" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
in
<taxonomicName id="32B34D0F44768347FAEE75DBFA7001C3" box="[1337,1436,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tinginae">Tinginae</taxonomicName>
+ Cantacaderinae. Other characters, such as the fusion of pregenital abdominal segments or the size of the evaporative area of methatoracic glands, distinguishing Vianaidinae and
<taxonomicName id="32B34D0F44768347FC327593FBA4001B" box="[997,1096,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tinginae">Tinginae</taxonomicName>
+ Cantacaderinae, cannot be recognized with this specimen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F50C368C44768347FF10742BFBE100E3" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">
The pronotum of
<taxonomicName id="32B34D0F44768347FE42742AFDA60052" box="[405,586,836,860]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Burmacader" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multivenosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44768347FE42742AFDA60052" box="[405,586,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">B. multivenosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44768347FD83742BFD7A0053" bold="true" box="[596,662,836,861]" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DCF457E544768347FD83742BFD7A0053" box="[596,662,836,861]" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
does not project backwards, the clavus is well developed, and the discoidal area has transversal veinlets. These characters are shared by Phatnomatini and Cantacaderinae (see Froeschner 1996) and distinguish them from
<taxonomicName id="32B34D0F44768347FD7474E3FCE500AB" box="[675,777,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tinginae">Tinginae</taxonomicName>
, whereas the absence of a stenocostal area is a character shared by the Phatnomatini and not by Cantacaderinae (see Lis 1999: 165,179). However, the short head does not surpass the first antennal segment in front, a diagnostic feature of the
<taxonomicName id="32B34D0F44768347FC7474BBFBE500E3" box="[931,1033,980,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tinginae">Tinginae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F50C368C44768347FF107497FE550756" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">
<collectingCountry id="8DA4761C44768347FF107497FF0A071E" box="[199,230,1016,1040]" name="American Samoa" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">As</collectingCountry>
<taxonomicName id="32B34D0F44768347FF237496FE40071E" box="[244,428,1016,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Burmacader" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multivenosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44768347FF237496FE40071E" box="[244,428,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">B. multivenosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="C7C7EA9E44768347FE6D7498FDEC071E" bold="true" box="[442,512,1015,1040]" pageId="5" pageNumber="384">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DCF457E544768347FE6D7498FDEC071E" box="[442,512,1015,1040]" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
shares a combination of characters of different subfamilies of
<taxonomicName id="32B34D0F44768347FAD47498FA85071E" box="[1283,1385,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tingidae</taxonomicName>
, we tentatively place this taxon between Vianaidinae and
<taxonomicName id="32B34D0F44768347FCC67373FC98073B" box="[785,884,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tinginae">Tinginae</taxonomicName>
+ Cantacaderinae; thus its position within the
<taxonomicName id="32B34D0F44768347FF407350FF160756" box="[151,250,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="384" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tingidae</taxonomicName>
remains unclear.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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