138 lines
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138 lines
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<mods:title id="17A22BCC53A62C76B39F0AC28B1BC2BA">Review of the genus Rhagovelia Mayr, 1865 (Insecta: Heteroptera: Veliidae) in the Palawan biogeographic region, the Philippines</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E39771A04B6DB39EB89E6CE455FE0EED">Zettel, Herbert</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BC907DAD0D2645FFB4824B8C40889BF9">Laciny, Alice</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D923D4856CDBFC697E500944C8FEEB50">Freitag, Hendrik</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="D125E54922BD1ADC3096215E0905F59C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="83C4DFE9AE1467F31DA79825E1A29AA1">Raffles Bulletin of Zoology</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="553D0A0D60FA1CE27930AAB2F6159556">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="DFC3694012643EBAA55CE96D9DD9DABF">2020-11-09</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="89E587C10BDAB879D934E9539D53C32D">68</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="B99632495F049A7677578C83B15AC52C" type="DOI">10.26107/RBZ-2020-0092</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B63E3F4072F30B2BE3CB08538E45A8A2" type="ISSN">2345-7600</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="1A4987922773780AFF17FCA13E9765B7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5449434" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5449434" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1A4987922773780AFF17FCA13E9765B7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1A4987922773780AFF17FCA13E9765B7" lastPageNumber="813" pageId="3" pageNumber="813">
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<subSubSection id="DAFA650F2773780AFF17FCA139B367CF" box="[234,677,885,910]" pageId="3" pageNumber="813" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="925F36842773780AFF17FCA139B367CF" blockId="3.[234,677,885,910]" box="[234,677,885,910]" pageId="3" pageNumber="813">
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<heading id="C91781E82773780AFF17FCA139B367CF" bold="true" box="[234,677,885,910]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="813" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="A094EA962773780AFF17FCA139B367CF" bold="true" box="[234,677,885,910]" pageId="3" pageNumber="813">
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<taxonomicName id="55E04D072773780AFF17FCA1391467CC" ID-CoL="4RZJ2" authorityName="J. Polhemus & D. Polhemus" authorityYear="1988" box="[234,514,885,909]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Rhagovelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="813" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarawakensis">
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<emphasis id="A094EA962773780AFF17FCA1391467CC" bold="true" box="[234,514,885,909]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="813">Rhagovelia sarawakensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species group
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DAFA650F2773780AFF75FC61399E61EF" pageId="3" pageNumber="813" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="925F36842773780AFF75FC61399E61EF" blockId="3.[135,777,949,1454]" pageId="3" pageNumber="813">
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<emphasis id="A094EA962773780AFF75FC613BEA678C" bold="true" box="[136,252,949,973]" pageId="3" pageNumber="813">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Body minute, length usually less than
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<quantity id="55189B612773780AFD76FC6239DD678C" box="[651,715,950,974]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="813" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
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; most species slender. Body colour mainly black, pronotum with short transverse stripe anteriorly. Antennae and legs black, often bright yellow at base. Metafemur of male moderately enlarged, but with rich dentition. Abdominal sternite 7 without paired tubercles. Paramere of male usually long and slender, and with ventrally curved hook or lobe at apex, but very short and reduced in Philippine taxa (
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<figureCitation id="0ADB2A012773780AFDE0FB42398560EF" box="[541,659,1174,1198]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[136,171,808,830]" captionTargetBox="[136,1474,191,791]" captionTargetId="figure-8@17.[134,1477,188,792]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 7. Left parameres of Rhagovelia species, lateral view. A, R. minutissima; B, R. palawanensis; C, R. matillanoi, new species; D, R. estrella; E, R. abbreviata, new species; F, R. lansburyi; G, R. kawakamii hoberlandti; H, R. gapudi, new species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5350739" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5350739/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="813">Fig. 7A–E</figureCitation>
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). Apterous morph: Pronotum short, length shorter than eye length (e.g.,
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<figureCitation id="0ADB2A012773780AFF75FB023A1160AF" box="[136,263,1238,1262]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[113,148,1573,1595]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,190,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-13@4.[113,1451,190,1558]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Rhagovelia species. A, R. minutissima, apterous male; B, R. minutissima, apterous female; C, R. palawanensis, apterous male; D, R. palawanensis, apterous female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5350727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5350727/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="813">Figs. 1A–D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="0ADB2A012773780AFEEFFB023A4560AF" box="[274,339,1238,1262]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[136,171,1498,1520]" captionTargetBox="[136,1474,189,1482]" captionTargetId="figure-7@7.[136,1474,189,1482]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 2. Habitus ofRhagovelia matillanoi, new species. A, apterous male; B, apterous female; C, macropterous dealate, male; D, macropterous dealate, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5350729" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5350729/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="813">2A, B</figureCitation>
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), in few extra-Philippine species slightly longer. Mesonotum fully or widely exposed. Macropterous morph: Wings uniformly dark. Forewing with 3 or 4 closed cells that distally reach apical half of wing. Wings of common dealate specimens broken off in distal half, distal of cells (
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<figureCitation id="0ADB2A012773780AFF6DFAA23A0C61CC" box="[144,282,1398,1422]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[136,171,1498,1520]" captionTargetBox="[136,1474,189,1482]" captionTargetId="figure-7@7.[136,1474,189,1482]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 2. Habitus ofRhagovelia matillanoi, new species. A, apterous male; B, apterous female; C, macropterous dealate, male; D, macropterous dealate, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5350729" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5350729/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="813">Figs. 2C, D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="0ADB2A012773780AFED7FAA23A5861CF" box="[298,334,1398,1422]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[136,171,2064,2086]" captionTargetBox="[166,1445,189,2049]" captionTargetId="figure-8@9.[166,1445,189,2049]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 3. Habitus of Rhagovelia species. R. estrella: A, apterous male; B, apterous female. R. abbreviata, new species: C, apterous male; D, macropterous dealate, male; E, apterous female; F, macropterous female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5350731" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5350731/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="813">3D</figureCitation>
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). Abdominal carina reaching posterior margin of tergite 3 (rarely onto tergite 2 only).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DAFA650F2773780AFF75FA013E9765B7" pageId="3" pageNumber="813" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="925F36842773780AFF75FA01392C634F" blockId="3.[135,775,1493,1806]" pageId="3" pageNumber="813">
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<emphasis id="A094EA962773780AFF75FA013A0E61AC" bold="true" box="[136,280,1493,1517]" pageId="3" pageNumber="813">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Species of this group are distributed from
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<collectingCountry id="EAF776142773780AFD2DFA02381061AF" box="[720,774,1494,1518]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="813">India</collectingCountry>
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to Lombok, Borneo, and the southwestern
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<collectingCountry id="EAF776142773780AFDBFFA223814624F" box="[578,770,1526,1550]" name="Philippines" pageId="3" pageNumber="813">Philippine Islands</collectingCountry>
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. A single record from Sulawesi (Polhemus & Polhemus, 1988) appears doubtful (
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<bibRefCitation id="F6714B752773780AFEADF9E23930620F" author="Nieser N & Zettel H & Chen P-P" box="[336,550,1590,1614]" pageId="3" pageNumber="813" pagination="17 - 41" refId="ref19421" refString="Nieser N, Zettel H & Chen P-P (1997) Ten new species of Rhagovelia (Heteroptera: Veliidae) from Sulawesi (Indonesia). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 140: 17 - 41." type="journal article" year="1997">Nieser et al., 1997</bibRefCitation>
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). John T.
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<bibRefCitation id="F6714B752773780AFD66F9E23BC6622F" author="Polhemus JT" pageId="3" pageNumber="813" pagination="65 - 75" refId="ref19690" refString="Polhemus JT (1990) Miscellaneous studies on the genus Rhagovelia Mayr (Heteroptera: Veliidae) in Southeast Asia and the Seychelles Islands, with keys and descriptions of new species. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 38: 65 - 75." type="journal article" year="1990">Polhemus (1990)</bibRefCitation>
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correctly included the widely distributed
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<taxonomicName id="55E04D072773780AFD73F9823AD762CF" authority="Lundblad, 1933" authorityName="Lundblad" authorityYear="1933" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Rhagovelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="813" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumatrensis">
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<emphasis id="A094EA962773780AFD73F9823A1E62CC" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="813">Rhagovelia sumatrensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="F6714B752773780AFEEFF9A23AD762CF" author="Lundblad O" box="[274,449,1654,1678]" pageId="3" pageNumber="813" pagination="263 - 489" refId="ref19092" refString="Lundblad O (1933) Zur Kenntniss der aquatilen und semiaquatilen Hemipteren von Sumatra, Java und Bali. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie Supplementum, 12: 1 - 195, 263 - 489." type="journal article" year="1933">Lundblad, 1933</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, in this species group, which covers almost the whole area of the group, except Borneo and the
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<collectingCountry id="EAF776142773780AFF4DF9623A3A628F" box="[176,300,1718,1742]" name="Philippines" pageId="3" pageNumber="813">Philippines</collectingCountry>
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. Further species—many still undescribed— have restricted distributions on continental Southeast Asia, Sumatra, Borneo, and Greater
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<collectingRegion id="5024F8662773780AFE25F9223920634F" box="[472,566,1782,1806]" country="Philippines" name="Palawan" pageId="3" pageNumber="813">Palawan</collectingRegion>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="925F36842773780AFF75F8E23E9765B7" blockId="3.[135,775,1846,2094]" lastBlockId="3.[834,1477,190,502]" pageId="3" pageNumber="813">
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<emphasis id="A094EA962773780AFF75F8E23BD9630F" bold="true" box="[136,207,1846,1870]" pageId="3" pageNumber="813">Notes.</emphasis>
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The five Philippine species of this group, all restricted to the
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<collectingRegion id="5024F8662773780AFF33F8823A96632F" box="[206,384,1878,1902]" country="Philippines" name="Palawan" pageId="3" pageNumber="813">Palawan Region</collectingRegion>
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, seem to form an isolated clade and are well distinguishable from the Bornean species by a strong reduction of the parameres. Three species,
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<taxonomicName id="55E04D072773780AFD70F8423A10638C" authorityName="Hungerford & Matsuda" authorityYear="1961" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Rhagovelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="813" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutissima">
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<emphasis id="A094EA962773780AFD70F8423A10638C" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="813">Rhagovelia minutissima</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="55E04D072773780AFEEFF8623AAD638F" authorityName="Zettel" authorityYear="1994" box="[274,443,1974,1998]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Rhagovelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="813" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palawanensis">
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<emphasis id="A094EA962773780AFEEFF8623AAD638F" box="[274,443,1974,1998]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="813">R. palawanensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="55E04D072773780AFE0FF862396F638F" authority="Zettel & Laciny & Freitag, 2020" authorityName="Zettel & Laciny & Freitag" authorityYear="2020" box="[498,633,1974,1998]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Rhagovelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="813" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matillanoi" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="A094EA962773780AFE0FF862396F638F" box="[498,633,1974,1998]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="813">R. matillanoi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="BBA757ED2773780AFD79F8623815638F" box="[644,771,1974,1998]" pageId="3" pageNumber="813" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, share two very peculiar characteristics which are unknown from other species of the
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<taxonomicName id="55E04D072773780AFE65F82239506C4F" authorityName="J. Polhemus & D. Polhemus" authorityYear="1988" box="[408,582,2038,2062]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Rhagovelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="813" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarawakensis">
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<emphasis id="A094EA962773780AFE65F82239506C4F" box="[408,582,2038,2062]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="813">R. sarawakensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group, i.e., spikelike setae on the abdomen and a brush of long setae in distal half of mesofemora of females. The other two species
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<taxonomicName id="55E04D072773780AFA56FF6B388264B7" authorityName="Zettel" authorityYear="1994" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Rhagovelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="813" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="estrella">
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<emphasis id="A094EA962773780AFA56FF6B388264B7" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="813">R. estrella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="55E04D072773780AFC32FF0B3F7364B7" authority="Zettel & Laciny & Freitag, 2020" authorityName="Zettel & Laciny & Freitag" authorityYear="2020" box="[975,1125,222,246]" class="Insecta" family="Veliidae" genus="Rhagovelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="813" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abbreviata" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="A094EA962773780AFC32FF0B3F7364B7" box="[975,1125,222,246]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="813">R. abbreviata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="BBA757ED2773780AFB8BFF0A3FEB64B7" box="[1142,1277,222,246]" pageId="3" pageNumber="813" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, have some other important characters in common, e.g., carinate sternites and paramere shape of the males, although the female of the latter species displays a very peculiar habitus. While the species within each of these two clades show an allopatric distribution in general, two species of the first and the second clade, respectively, were occasionally collected in the same streams, thus demonstrating that even within the same species group there are sympatric, or even syntopic, species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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