168 lines
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168 lines
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<mods:title id="7412637BC004A9D9CF2F2684816A3EB3">Taxonomic history and review of the Förster genera of Platygastridae (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="23764C7E5A80AC967936E95EA687042F">Awad, Jessica</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="04F29208064D7DE864FA9E2CB38CBBA0">State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany. FDACS-DPI, 1911 SW 34 St, Gainesville FL 32608, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="19B8ADD8AF214C65BD1770C00BB08645" type="email">jessica.awad@smns-bw.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="BBF9D1E3A0FA3EA76495A3C062613667">Krogmann, Lars</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F457105527A4CB6F1FF16AB97D9712F4">State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany. FDACS-DPI, 1911 SW 34 St, Gainesville FL 32608, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="873CC2A9AB81ACB5B2C3B7C83EE7C7C3" type="email">lars.krogmann@smns-bw.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="1806B61DC9B498BE3226D13E7A09F0E7">Talamas, Elijah</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="50899046C3BAB61C8FDCAE3E2DCB2D1E" type="email">elijah.talamas@fdacs.gov</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="2038B1441B6E9448FA1CDDB76A1CB268">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B343D641CFBF0EB579B427D21E57EB42">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5374E0EC64AF759C48A8AA002F4703ED">2023-06-15</mods:number>
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<treatment id="2731879FFF976B7BFD8CFC2E931EEFA0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8047303" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209694285" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8047303" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2731879FFF976B7BFD8CFC2E931EEFA0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2731879FFF976B7BFD8CFC2E931EEFA0" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<subSubSection id="E7826502FF976B7BFD8CFC2E939BE9C1" box="[618,969,903,930]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="AF273689FF976B7BFD8CFC2E939BE9C1" blockId="12.[618,969,903,930]" box="[618,969,903,930]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<heading id="F46F81E5FF976B7BFD8CFC2E939BE9C1" box="[618,969,903,930]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="2">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF976B7BFD5BFC21939BE9C1" ID-CoL="55FG" authority="Forster, 1856" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1856" box="[701,969,903,930]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Isocybus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF976B7BFD5BFC219375E9C1" bold="true" box="[701,807,903,930]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Isocybus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF976B7BFCC8FC2E939BE9C1" author="Forster A." box="[814,969,903,930]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref13272" refString="Forster A. 1856. Hymenopterologische Studien. II. Heft. Chalcidiae und Proctotrupii. Ernst ter Meer, Aachen." type="book" year="1856">Förster, 1856</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E7826502FF976B7BFF5BFC6C92C2EE6A" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="AF273689FF976B7BFF5BFC6C92C2EE6A" blockId="12.[189,1400,970,1033]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="8F8811A7FF976B7BFF5BFC6C92C2EE6A" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<treatmentCitation id="2E391098FF976B7BFF5BFC6C9240E987" author="Forster A." box="[189,530,970,997]" page="108" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" year="1856">
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF976B7BFF5BFC6C9240E987" ID-CoL="55FG" authority="Forster, 1856: 108" authorityName="Forster" authorityPageNumber="108" authorityYear="1856" box="[189,530,970,997]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Isocybus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF976B7BFF5BFC6C9174E987" box="[189,294,970,996]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Isocybus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF976B7BFED6FC6D9240E987" author="Forster A." box="[304,530,970,997]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref13272" refString="Forster A. 1856. Hymenopterologische Studien. II. Heft. Chalcidiae und Proctotrupii. Ernst ter Meer, Aachen." type="book" year="1856">Förster, 1856: 108</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 114–115.
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<typeStatus id="7023882BFF976B7BFD7EFC6D9281E986" box="[664,723,971,997]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF976B7BFCD8FC6C9490E987" authority="Nees, 1834" authorityName="Nees" authorityYear="1834" box="[830,1218,970,997]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Platygaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF976B7BFCD8FC6C947CE987" box="[830,1070,970,996]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Platygaster grandis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF976B7BFBDFFC6D9490E987" author="Nees von Esenbeck C. G." box="[1081,1218,970,997]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref14863" refString="Nees von Esenbeck C. G. 1834. Hymenopterorum Ichneumonibus Affinium, Monographiae, Genera Europaea et Species Illustrantes, Vol. 2. J. G. Cottae, Stuttgart." type="book" year="1834">Nees, 1834</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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by subsequent designation by
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<treatmentCitation id="2E391098FF976B7BFE7AFC4992DEEE6A" author="Ashmead W. H." box="[412,652,1007,1033]" page="327" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" year="1893">
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF976B7BFE7AFC4992DEEE6A" author="Ashmead W. H." box="[412,652,1007,1033]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="1 - 472" refId="ref12553" refString="Ashmead W. H. 1893. Monograph of the North American Proctotrypidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 45: 1 - 472. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.45.1" type="journal article" year="1893">Ashmead 1893: 327</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E7826502FF976B7BFF5BFB94931EEFA0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="AF273689FF976B7BFF5BFB94917DEE2F" blockId="12.[189,303,1074,1100]" box="[189,303,1074,1100]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<heading id="F46F81E5FF976B7BFF5BFB94917DEE2F" bold="true" box="[189,303,1074,1100]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF976B7BFF5BFB94917DEE2F" bold="true" box="[189,303,1074,1100]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Remarks</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AF273689FF976B7BFF5BFBC4931EEFA0" blockId="12.[189,1399,1121,1476]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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Förster described
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF976B7BFE6DFBC791A3EE18" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1856" box="[395,497,1121,1147]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Isocybus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF976B7BFE6DFBC791A3EE18" box="[395,497,1121,1147]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Isocybus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as having a cubical head, a mesoscutellum with a tuft of setae, and a relatively large body size. He included the species
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF976B7BFD4EFB23944CEEC3" authority="Walker, 1835" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1835" box="[680,1054,1157,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Platygaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cotta">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF976B7BFD4EFB239326EEFC" box="[680,884,1157,1183]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Platygaster cotta</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF976B7BFC9AFB23944CEEC3" author="Walker F." box="[892,1054,1157,1184]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="217 - 274" refId="ref15582" refString="Walker F. 1835. On the species of Platygaster, & c. The Entomological Magazine 3: 217 - 274." type="journal article" year="1835">Walker, 1835</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF976B7BFBCAFB23956CEEC3" authority="Walker, 1835" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1835" box="[1068,1342,1157,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Platygaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erato">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF976B7BFBCAFB2394C6EEFC" box="[1068,1172,1157,1183]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Pl. erato</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF976B7BFB7BFB23956CEEC3" author="Walker F." box="[1181,1342,1157,1184]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="217 - 274" refId="ref15582" refString="Walker F. 1835. On the species of Platygaster, & c. The Entomological Magazine 3: 217 - 274." type="journal article" year="1835">Walker, 1835</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF976B7BFF5BFB0C9187EEA6" authority="Walker, 1835" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1835" box="[189,469,1194,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Platygaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matuta">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF976B7BFF5BFB0C9166EEA7" box="[189,308,1194,1220]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Pl. matuta</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF976B7BFEDFFB0C9187EEA6" author="Walker F." box="[313,469,1194,1221]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="217 - 274" refId="ref15582" refString="Walker F. 1835. On the species of Platygaster, & c. The Entomological Magazine 3: 217 - 274." type="journal article" year="1835">Walker, 1835</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the types of which are located in the NMINH and the NHMUK. He also included
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF976B7BFF5BFB689270EE8A" authority="(Latreille, 1805)" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1805" box="[189,546,1230,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Platygaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficornis">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF976B7BFF5BFB68910AEE8B" box="[189,344,1230,1256]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Pl. ruficornis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF976B7BFE81FB68924BEE8A" author="Latreille P. A." box="[359,537,1230,1257]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="226 - 232" refId="ref14295" refString="Latreille P. A. 1805. Proctotrupiens. In: Histoire naturelle generale et particuliere des Crustaces et des Insectes. Vol. 13: 226 - 232. F. Dufart, Paris." type="journal article" year="1805">Latreille, 1805</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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, which influential authors of the time considered to be a senior synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF976B7BFF3DFB5591B1EF6E" authority="Nees, 1834" authorityName="Nees" authorityYear="1834" box="[219,483,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Platygaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF976B7BFF3DFB559109EF6E" box="[219,347,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Pl. grandis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF976B7BFE87FB5591B1EF6E" author="Nees von Esenbeck C. G." box="[353,483,1267,1293]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref14863" refString="Nees von Esenbeck C. G. 1834. Hymenopterorum Ichneumonibus Affinium, Monographiae, Genera Europaea et Species Illustrantes, Vol. 2. J. G. Cottae, Stuttgart." type="book" year="1834">Nees, 1834</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF976B7BFE17FB5592D8EF6D" author="Walker F." box="[497,650,1267,1294]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="217 - 274" refId="ref15582" refString="Walker F. 1835. On the species of Platygaster, & c. The Entomological Magazine 3: 217 - 274." type="journal article" year="1835">Walker 1835</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF976B7BFD73FB559373EF6E" author="Curtis J." box="[661,801,1267,1293]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref13009" refString="Curtis J. 1837. A Guide to an Arrangement of British Insects; Being a Catalogue of all the Named Species Hitherto Discovered in Great Britain and Ireland. J. Pigot, London. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 46860" type="book" year="1837">Curtis 1837</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF976B7BFCD5FB5594F3EF6E" authority="Nees, 1834" authorityName="Nees" authorityYear="1834" box="[819,1185,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Platygaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF976B7BFCD5FB55944BEF6E" box="[819,1049,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Platygaster grandis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF976B7BFBF9FB5594F3EF6E" author="Nees von Esenbeck C. G." box="[1055,1185,1267,1293]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref14863" refString="Nees von Esenbeck C. G. 1834. Hymenopterorum Ichneumonibus Affinium, Monographiae, Genera Europaea et Species Illustrantes, Vol. 2. J. G. Cottae, Stuttgart." type="book" year="1834">Nees, 1834</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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is the type species of
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF976B7BFF38FAB19117EF52" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1856" box="[222,325,1303,1329]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Isocybus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF976B7BFF38FAB19117EF52" box="[222,325,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Isocybus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The type material is unknown, probably lost. Four specimens in the Förster collection are marked as original exemplars of
|
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF976B7BFDACFA9A929FEF35" authorityName="Nees" authorityYear="1834" box="[586,717,1340,1366]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Platygaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF976B7BFDACFA9A929FEF35" box="[586,717,1340,1366]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Pl. grandis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but we do not have reliable evidence that they could be considered part of Nees’s
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<typeStatus id="7023882BFF976B7BFE0EFAC79211EF18" box="[488,579,1377,1403]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
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series. However, we do believe that they correspond to Nees’s concept of the species and they fully match his description. Based on this, we here designate specimen NHMW-HYM #0005320 (top left) as the
|
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<typeStatus id="7023882BFF976B7BFDD9FA0F92CEEFA0" box="[575,668,1449,1475]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF976B7BFD25FA0F9314EFA0" authorityName="Nees" authorityYear="1834" box="[707,838,1449,1475]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Platygaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis">
|
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF976B7BFD25FA0F9314EFA0" box="[707,838,1449,1475]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Pl. grandis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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