treatments-xml/data/03/EA/DA/03EADA36FFE8333003E5F92B5EEDFC0F.xml

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<mods:title id="6AF00C6CA1DE15191A5BDD2BF1CCFBBE">Revision of the new world species of Hylurgops LeConte, 1876 with the description of a new genus in the Hylastini (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) and comments on some Palearctic species</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03EADA36FFE8333003E5F92B5EEDFC0F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5691397" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119421857" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5691397" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EADA36FFE8333003E5F92B5EEDFC0F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EADA36FFE8333003E5F92B5EEDFC0F" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="314" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">
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<heading id="D0B4DC4CFFE8333703E5F92B5C33F938" bold="true" box="[151,882,1764,1791]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFE8333703E5F92B5DBEF938" ID-CoL="4BV2Y" authority="Mannerheim, 1853" authorityName="Mannerheim" authorityYear="1853" box="[151,767,1764,1791]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pachysquamus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subcostulatus" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE8333703E5F92B5EB9F939" bold="true" box="[151,504,1764,1790]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">Pachysquamus subcostulatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD216D1FFE83337017AF92A5DB9F938" author="Mannerheim" box="[520,760,1765,1791]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" refString="Mannerheim, C. G. (1853) Dritter nachtrag zur kaefer-fauna der Nord-Amerikanischen laender des Russien reiches. Bulletin de la'Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 26, 95 - 273." type="journal article" year="1853">Mannerheim, 1853</bibRefCitation>
)
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(
<figureCitation id="137877A5FFE8333703ECF8C75E4BF8E7" box="[158,266,1800,1825]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1835,1857]" captionTargetBox="[199,1385,269,1764]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[199,1385,269,1765]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Anterior margin of mesoventrite in the Hylastini: a) distinctly pointed (Pachysquamus subcostulatus), b) slightly rounded and sub-inflated (Hylurgops planirostris), c) truncate, margin straight (Hylastes salebrosus)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252616/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">Figures 2</figureCitation>
a, 3a, 4a, 6a, 7a, 9a–b, 10)
</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB534C0EFFE8333703E5F8805D28F805" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFE8333703E5F8805D3AF8A1" ID-CoL="6MMWY" authority="Mannerheim, 1853:239" authorityName="Mannerheim" authorityPageNumber="239" authorityYear="1853" box="[151,635,1871,1894]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hylastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subcostulatus">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE8333703E5F8805EC5F8A2" bold="true" box="[151,388,1871,1893]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">Hylastes subcostulatus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AE24D31FFE8333702F8F89F5D3AF8A1" author="Mannerheim" box="[394,635,1872,1894]" page="239" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" year="1853">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD216D1FFE8333702F8F89F5D0CF8A1" author="Mannerheim" box="[394,589,1872,1894]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" refString="Mannerheim, C. G. (1853) Dritter nachtrag zur kaefer-fauna der Nord-Amerikanischen laender des Russien reiches. Bulletin de la'Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 26, 95 - 273." type="journal article" year="1853">Mannerheim, 1853</bibRefCitation>
:239
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. (Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, 
<collectingCountry id="F3542BB0FFE8333700E3F89F5C87F8A1" box="[913,966,1872,1894]" name="United States of America" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">USA</collectingCountry>
, lost) 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFE8333703E5F8A05D45F843" ID-CoL="6MN7Y" authority="Mannerheim, 1853:239" authorityName="Mannerheim" authorityPageNumber="239" authorityYear="1853" box="[151,516,1902,1924]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hylastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cristatus">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE8333703E5F8A05E4EF843" bold="true" box="[151,271,1902,1924]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">H. cristatus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AE24D31FFE833370264F8A15D45F843" author="Mannerheim" box="[278,516,1902,1924]" page="239" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" year="1853">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD216D1FFE833370264F8A15E99F843" author="Mannerheim" box="[278,472,1902,1924]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" refString="Mannerheim, C. G. (1853) Dritter nachtrag zur kaefer-fauna der Nord-Amerikanischen laender des Russien reiches. Bulletin de la'Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 26, 95 - 273." type="journal article" year="1853">Mannerheim, 1853</bibRefCitation>
:239
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(Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, 
<collectingCountry id="F3542BB0FFE833370065F8A15C0DF843" box="[791,844,1902,1924]" name="United States of America" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">USA</collectingCountry>
, lost) 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFE8333703E5F8415E93F864" ID-CoL="6MN76" authority="Chapuis, 1869:22" authorityName="Chapuis" authorityPageNumber="22" authorityYear="1869" box="[151,466,1933,1955]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hylastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alternans">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE8333703E5F8415E5BF864" bold="true" box="[151,282,1933,1955]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">H. alternans</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AE24D31FFE833370252F8425E93F864" author="Chapuis" box="[288,466,1933,1955]" page="22" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" year="1869">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD216D1FFE833370252F8425EF4F864" author="Chapuis" box="[288,437,1933,1955]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" refString="Chapuis, F. (1869) Synopsis des Scolytides (Prodrome d'un travail monographique). Societe Royale des Sciences de Liege, Liege, Belgium, 61 pp." type="book" year="1869">Chapuis, 1869</bibRefCitation>
:22
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(unspecified locality, 
<collectingCountry id="F3542BB0FFE8333701C1F8425C43F864" box="[691,770,1933,1955]" name="Mexico" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">Mexico</collectingCountry>
) 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFE8333703E5F8635D28F805" ID-CoL="3NH29" authority="LeConte, 1876:389" authorityName="LeConte" authorityPageNumber="389" authorityYear="1876" box="[151,617,1964,1986]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hylurgops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subcostulatus">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE8333703E5F8635ED8F805" bold="true" box="[151,409,1964,1986]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">Hylurgops subcostulatus</emphasis>
, 
<treatmentCitation id="0AE24D31FFE8333702D7F8635D28F805" author="LeConte" box="[421,617,1964,1986]" page="389" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" year="1876">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD216D1FFE8333702D7F8635D7FF805" author="LeConte" box="[421,574,1964,1986]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" refString="LeConte, J. L. (1876) Family IX, Scolytidae. In: LeConte, J. L. &amp; Horn, G. H. (Eds.), The Rhynchophora of America North of Mexico. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 15 (96), pp. 341 - 391." type="journal article" year="1876">LeConte, 1876</bibRefCitation>
:389
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFC6B20FFE8333703E5F8045EA1F826" blockId="10.[151,1022,1871,2017]" box="[151,480,1994,2017]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB534C0EFFE8333703E5F8045EA1F826" box="[151,480,1994,2017]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFE8333703E5F8045EA1F826" ID-CoL="6MN7Y" authority="LeConte, 1876:389" authorityName="LeConte" authorityPageNumber="389" authorityYear="1876" box="[151,480,1994,2017]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hylastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cristatus">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE8333703E5F8045E4EF827" bold="true" box="[151,271,1994,2016]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">H. cristatus</emphasis>
, 
<treatmentCitation id="0AE24D31FFE83337026EF8045EA1F826" author="LeConte" box="[284,480,1995,2017]" page="389" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" year="1876">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD216D1FFE83337026EF8045EF5F826" author="LeConte" box="[284,436,1995,2017]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" refString="LeConte, J. L. (1876) Family IX, Scolytidae. In: LeConte, J. L. &amp; Horn, G. H. (Eds.), The Rhynchophora of America North of Mexico. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 15 (96), pp. 341 - 391." type="journal article" year="1876">LeConte, 1876</bibRefCitation>
:389
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFC6B20FFE9333603E5FF575E9DFF69" blockId="11.[151,666,151,296]" box="[151,476,151,174]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB534C0EFFE9333603E5FF575E9DFF69" box="[151,476,151,174]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFE9333603E5FF575E9DFF69" ID-CoL="6MN76" authority="Swaine, 1909:116" authorityName="Swaine" authorityPageNumber="116" authorityYear="1909" box="[151,476,151,174]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hylastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alternans">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE9333603E5FF575E5BFF6A" bold="true" box="[151,282,151,173]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">H. alternans</emphasis>
, 
<treatmentCitation id="0AE24D31FFE933360254FF575E9DFF69" author="Swaine" box="[294,476,152,174]" page="116" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" year="1909">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD216D1FFE933360254FF575EF3FF69" author="Swaine" box="[294,434,152,174]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" refString="Swaine, J. M. (1909) Catalog of the Described Scolytidae of North America North of Mexico, Appendix B, In: Felt (Ed.), 24 th Report of the State Entomologist, 1909. New York Education Department Bulletin. New York State University, Albany, New York, pp. 76 - 159 + XIV plts." type="book chapter" year="1909">Swaine, 1909</bibRefCitation>
:116
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFC6B20FFE9333603E5FF795D17FEEF" blockId="11.[151,666,151,296]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB534C0EFFE9333603E5FF795D17FEEF" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFE9333603E5FF795DCFFF0B" ID-CoL="6MN7Y" authority="Hagedorn, 1910:45" authorityName="Hagedorn" authorityPageNumber="45" authorityYear="1910" box="[151,654,182,205]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hylastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cristatus" subGenus="Hylastes">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE9333603E5FF795E16FF0B" bold="true" box="[151,343,182,205]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE9333603E5FF795FB1FF0B" bold="true" box="[151,240,182,204]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Hylastes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE93336038CFF795E16FF0B" bold="true" box="[254,343,182,204]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Hylastes</emphasis>
</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE933360217FF795EFCFF0B" bold="true" box="[357,445,182,204]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">cristatus</emphasis>
, 
<treatmentCitation id="0AE24D31FFE9333602B8FF795DCFFF0B" author="Hagedorn" box="[458,654,182,204]" page="45" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" year="1910">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD216D1FFE9333602B8FF795D31FF0B" author="Hagedorn" box="[458,624,182,204]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" refString="Hagedorn, M. (1910) Coleoptera Fam. Ipidae. In: Wytsman, P. (Ed.), Genera Insectorum, Fasc. 111. Brussels, pp. 1 - 178 + XIV plts." type="book chapter" year="1910">Hagedorn, 1910</bibRefCitation>
:45
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<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFE9333603E5FF1A5DDBFF2C" ID-CoL="3NH29" authority="Hagedorn, 1910:46" authorityName="Hagedorn" authorityPageNumber="46" authorityYear="1910" box="[151,666,212,235]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hylurgops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subcostulatus" subGenus="Hylurgops">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE9333603E5FF1A5E8BFF2C" bold="true" box="[151,458,212,235]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE9333603E5FF1A5FF0FF2D" bold="true" box="[151,177,213,234]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">H.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE9333603CDFF1A5E6CFF2C" bold="true" box="[191,301,213,235]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Hylurgops</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE93336024EFF1A5E8BFF2C" bold="true" box="[316,458,213,235]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">subcostulatus</emphasis>
</emphasis>
, 
<treatmentCitation id="0AE24D31FFE9333602A5FF1A5DDBFF2C" author="Hagedorn" box="[471,666,213,235]" page="46" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" year="1910">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD216D1FFE9333602A5FF1A5D3DFF2C" author="Hagedorn" box="[471,636,213,235]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" refString="Hagedorn, M. (1910) Coleoptera Fam. Ipidae. In: Wytsman, P. (Ed.), Genera Insectorum, Fasc. 111. Brussels, pp. 1 - 178 + XIV plts." type="book chapter" year="1910">Hagedorn, 1910</bibRefCitation>
:46
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</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFE9333603E5FF3B5DC0FECD" ID-CoL="3NH29" authority="Wood, 1982:91" authorityName="Wood" authorityPageNumber="91" authorityYear="1982" box="[151,641,243,266]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hylurgops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="subcostulatus" subSpecies="subcostulatus">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE9333603E5FF3B5E9BFECE" bold="true" box="[151,474,243,265]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">H. subcostulatus subcostulatus</emphasis>
, 
<treatmentCitation id="0AE24D31FFE933360294FF3B5DC0FECD" author="Wood" box="[486,641,244,266]" page="91" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" year="1982">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD216D1FFE933360294FF3B5D27FECD" author="Wood" box="[486,614,244,266]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" refString="Wood, S. L. (1982) The bark and ambrosia beetles of North and Central America (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), a taxonomic monograph. Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs, 6, 1 - 1359." type="journal article" year="1982">Wood, 1982</bibRefCitation>
:91
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFE9333603E5FEDC5D17FEEF" ID-CoL="3NGZ3" authority="Wood, 1982:91" authorityName="Wood" authorityPageNumber="91" authorityYear="1982" box="[151,598,274,296]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hylurgops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="subcostulatus" subSpecies="alternans">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE9333603E5FEDC5EEEFEEF" bold="true" box="[151,431,274,296]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">H. subcostulatus alternans</emphasis>
, 
<treatmentCitation id="0AE24D31FFE9333602C9FEDD5D17FEEF" author="Wood" box="[443,598,274,296]" page="91" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" year="1982">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD216D1FFE9333602C9FEDD5D78FEEF" author="Wood" box="[443,569,274,296]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" refString="Wood, S. L. (1982) The bark and ambrosia beetles of North and Central America (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), a taxonomic monograph. Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs, 6, 1 - 1359." type="journal article" year="1982">Wood, 1982</bibRefCitation>
:91
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35938ABFFE9333603E5FE9A5DAEFE71" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BFC6B20FFE9333603E5FE9A5DAEFE71" blockId="11.[151,1437,341,2022]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE9333603E5FE9A5E50FEA9" bold="true" box="[151,273,341,366]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Distinguished from all other species in the 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFE933360066FE9A5C3BFEA9" box="[788,890,341,366]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hylastini">Hylastini</taxonomicName>
by the strongly elevated odd numbered elytral interstriae 
<figureCitation id="137877A5FFE93336027CFEB65E11FE56" box="[270,336,377,402]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1457,1479]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,1034,1435]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,1030,1436]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 9. External characters of Pachysquamus subcostulatus: a) declivity showing elevated interstriae, b) cup-shaped setae (elytral disc shown), c) deep anterior constriction of prothorax." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252623/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
a), by the dense dorsal cover of cup-shaped setae (
<figureCitation id="137877A5FFE9333600F0FEB65C84FE55" box="[898,965,377,402]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1457,1479]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,1034,1435]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,1030,1436]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 9. External characters of Pachysquamus subcostulatus: a) declivity showing elevated interstriae, b) cup-shaped setae (elytral disc shown), c) deep anterior constriction of prothorax." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252623/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
b), the strongly pointed anterior margin of the mesoventrite, and by the more elongate aedeagus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35938ABFFE9333603B5FE0E5E42FA61" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BFC6B20FFE9333603B5FE0E5D4DFAFD" blockId="11.[151,1437,341,2022]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE9333603B5FE0E5ECEFE1D" bold="true" box="[199,399,449,474]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Description. Size</emphasis>
. Length 3.1–4.7 (avg. 4.0 ± 0.4) mm long, 2.7× longer than wide. 
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE933360703FE0E5BF5FE1D" bold="true" box="[1137,1204,449,474]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Color</emphasis>
. Mature adult dorsal color brownish red, ventral sclerites dark reddish-brown. 
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE93336005EFE2A5C30FE39" bold="true" box="[812,881,485,510]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Frons</emphasis>
. Mid-frontal impression deep, becoming deeper from convex area below eyes towards epistoma, surface evenly punctate, inter-puncture spaces half the width of a puncture, shiny; carina elevated, short, shiny if present, extending from below the vertical impression to epistoma; epistomal lobe narrow; vestiture consists of hair-like setae, longer below middle, length of 2–7× the diameter of a puncture. 
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE93336027AFDBA5EC0FD49" bold="true" box="[264,385,629,654]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Pronotum</emphasis>
. Broad, 0.9–1.0 (avg. 0.9 ± 0.3)x as long as wide, distinctly constricted anteriorly (
<figureCitation id="137877A5FFE933360649FDBA5AC1FD49" box="[1339,1408,629,654]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1457,1479]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,1034,1435]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,1030,1436]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 9. External characters of Pachysquamus subcostulatus: a) declivity showing elevated interstriae, b) cup-shaped setae (elytral disc shown), c) deep anterior constriction of prothorax." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252623/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
c), widest near basal fourth, sides of basal fifth slightly elevated forming a narrow margin, sides rounded at middle, constricted on anterior fifth; dorsal median line sometimes present, if so extending anteriorly from base to fourfifths of pronotum, surface shiny, slightly raised, usually concealed by cup-shaped setae; interspaces evenly, minutely punctate, punctures separated by distance equal to ⅓ diameter of large punctures, margin smooth, shiny, and usually concealed by cup-shaped setae; additional vestiture consisting of sparse, erect bristles, 3× length of large discal punctures, longer at marginal areas. 
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE9333601A7FC825C60FCA1" bold="true" box="[725,801,845,870]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Elytra</emphasis>
. Length/width ratio 1.7–1.9 (avg. 1.8 ± 0.1); anterior margin distinctly procurved, crenulate marginal line distinct and elevated; striae shallowly impressed, increasing from narrower than interstriae near base to wider at declivity, with deep, round punctures with shiny surfaces, less than their diameter apart; discal interstriae smooth, shiny, minutely punctate (seen at 100× or more), concealed by cup-shaped setae, single midline of erect bristles separated by distance of two strial punctures, rising behind interstrial granules, as long as a discal puncture diameter. 
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE933360053FBCE5CC8FBDD" bold="true" box="[801,905,1025,1050]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Declivity</emphasis>
. Convex, alternate interstriae strongly elevated (
<figureCitation id="137877A5FFE9333603EDFBEA5FA2FBF9" box="[159,227,1061,1086]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1457,1479]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,1034,1435]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,1030,1436]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 9. External characters of Pachysquamus subcostulatus: a) declivity showing elevated interstriae, b) cup-shaped setae (elytral disc shown), c) deep anterior constriction of prothorax." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252623/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
a), with large tubercles as wide or wider than rest of interstrial costa; vestiture consisting of a bristle rising behind each granule, 1–3× as long as strial puncture and a ground surface cover of dense, recumbent, cup-shaped setae. 
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE9333603AEFBA25EDDFB41" bold="true" box="[220,412,1133,1158]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Ventral sclerites</emphasis>
. Glossy, punctured. 
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE9333601F2FBA25DF9FB41" bold="true" box="[640,696,1133,1158]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Legs</emphasis>
. Tarsi dark reddish-brown; protibiae with two large socketed teeth before apical angle; meso- and metatibiae with one or two large socketed teeth before apical angle; third tarsal segment slightly broader than second. 
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE933360121FB7A5D87FB09" bold="true" box="[595,710,1205,1230]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Aedeagus</emphasis>
. Apodemes proportionally shorter than aedeagus in contrast to those in New World species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFE93336028BFB165D2FFB35" box="[505,622,1241,1266]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hylurgops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE93336028BFB165D2FFB35" box="[505,622,1241,1266]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Hylurgops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="137877A5FFE93336010DFB165D8CFB35" box="[639,717,1241,1266]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1919,1941]" captionTargetBox="[199,1387,194,1893]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[190,1396,193,1897]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Aedeagus of the New World Hylurgops and Pachysquamus: a) Pachysquamus subcostulatus, b) Hylurgops planirostris, c) H. rugipennis, d) H. pinifex, e) H. incomptus, f) H. longipennis, g) H. knausi, h) H. reticulatus, and i) H. porosus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252621/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Figs. 7</figureCitation>
b–i). Aedeagus elongate cylindrical, ventrally straight (
<figureCitation id="137877A5FFE93336064EFB165AC1FB35" box="[1340,1408,1241,1266]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1904,1926]" captionTargetBox="[221,1367,241,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[215,1371,233,1792]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Aedeagus and spiculum gastrale: a) Pachysquamus subcostulatus, b) Hylurgops reticulatus, c) Hylastes ater (modified from Grocholski et al. 1976), d) Hylurgops rugipennis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252620/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
a), barely arcuate dorsally. Without neck-like extension (
<figureCitation id="137877A5FFE933360182FB325C73FAD1" box="[752,818,1277,1302]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1904,1926]" captionTargetBox="[221,1367,241,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[215,1371,233,1792]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Aedeagus and spiculum gastrale: a) Pachysquamus subcostulatus, b) Hylurgops reticulatus, c) Hylastes ater (modified from Grocholski et al. 1976), d) Hylurgops rugipennis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252620/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
c) of apodemes base (
<figureCitation id="137877A5FFE933360755FB325B28FAD1" box="[1063,1129,1277,1302]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1904,1926]" captionTargetBox="[221,1367,241,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[215,1371,233,1792]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Aedeagus and spiculum gastrale: a) Pachysquamus subcostulatus, b) Hylurgops reticulatus, c) Hylastes ater (modified from Grocholski et al. 1976), d) Hylurgops rugipennis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252620/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
a) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD216D1FFE9333607FCFB325AD1FAD1" author="Grocholski" box="[1166,1424,1277,1302]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" refString="Grocholski, J., Michalski, J. &amp; Nowak, W. (1976) Notes on intraspecific variation and sexual dimorphism of some Palearctic species in the genus Hylastes Er. (Col., Scolytidae). Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia, 21, 553 - 584." type="journal article" year="1976">
Grocholski 
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE933360666FB315A04FAD1" box="[1300,1349,1277,1302]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">et al</emphasis>
. 1976
</bibRefCitation>
). Tegmen with a short manubrium.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFC6B20FFE9333603B5FA8A5E42FA61" blockId="11.[151,1437,341,2022]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE9333603B5FA8A5E60FA99" bold="true" box="[199,289,1349,1374]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Gallery</emphasis>
: The maternal gallery is longitudinal, uniramous (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD216D1FFE93336002EFA8A5B40FA99" author="Hopkins" box="[860,1025,1349,1374]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" refString="Hopkins, A. D. (1902) Insect enemies of the pine in the Black Hills Forest Reserve. United States Department of Agriculture Division of Entomology, New Series, Bulletin No. 32, 1 - 24." type="book chapter" year="1902">Hopkins 1902</bibRefCitation>
), slightly sinuate (
<figureCitation id="137877A5FFE9333607A3FA8A5A54FA99" box="[1233,1301,1349,1374]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1472,1494]" captionTargetBox="[204,1383,486,1409]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[201,1387,483,1411]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Detail of Hylastini galleries: a) Pachysquamus subcostulatus, maternal (red) and larval gallery (adapted from Cibrián-Tovar et al. 1995), b) Hylurgops pinifex (eastern form), maternal (red) and larval gallery (adapted from Blackman 1919)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252617/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
a). Eggs are laid in only one side of the gallery from which larval galleries run perpendicular to that side only (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD216D1FFE933360792FAA65FB6FA61" author="Cibrian-Tovar" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" refString="Cibrian-Tovar, D., Mendez-Montiel, J. T., Campos-Bolanos, R., Yates, H. O. III &amp; Flores-Lara, J. (1995) Forest Insects of Mexico. Universidad Autonoma Chapingo, Chapingo, Estado de Mexico, 453 pp." type="book" year="1995">
Cibrián-Tovar 
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE9333606FAFAA55FECFA61" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">et al</emphasis>
. 1995
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35938ABFFE9333103B5FA7E5E6BFD43" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="313" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BFC6B20FFE9333603B5FA7E5ADCF821" blockId="11.[151,1437,341,2022]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE9333603B5FA7E5EF7FA0D" bold="true" box="[199,438,1457,1482]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Material examined.</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D45A0A9FFE9333602B1FA7E5D2FFA0D" box="[451,622,1457,1482]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" type="generic">850 specimens</specimenCount>
from the 
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, 
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and the 
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collections were examined. 
<collectingCountry id="F3542BB0FFE9333603E5FA195E53FA29" box="[151,274,1494,1518]" name="Canada" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CANADA</collectingCountry>
. 
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE93336025BFA1A5D44FA29" bold="true" box="[297,517,1493,1518]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
British 
<collectingCountry id="F3542BB0FFE9333602FDFA1A5D44FA29" box="[399,517,1493,1518]" name="United States of America" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Columbia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: Coldwater (
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), Midday Valley, Merritt (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE933360722FA195BD9FA29" box="[1104,1176,1494,1518]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
), Peachland (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE933360635FA195ACEFA29" box="[1351,1423,1494,1518]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
), Summerland (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE933360248FA355EC3F9D5" box="[314,386,1530,1554]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
), Vancouver (
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). 
<collectingCountry id="F3542BB0FFE9333601FAFA355DBBF9D5" box="[648,762,1530,1554]" name="Mexico" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
. 
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE93336007BFA365C2AF9D5" bold="true" box="[777,875,1529,1554]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Chiapas</emphasis>
: 
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. E 
<collectingCountry id="F3542BB0FFE93336009AFA355BC4F9D5" box="[1000,1157,1529,1554]" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">San Cristobal</collectingCountry>
(
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), 
<quantity id="4CBBC6C5FFE933360788FA365A74F9D5" box="[1274,1333,1529,1554]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.656064" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" unit="mi" value="6.0">6 mi</quantity>
. SE 
<collectingCountry id="F3542BB0FFE933360600FA355FBFF9F1" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">San Cristobal</collectingCountry>
(
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), 
<collectingCountry id="F3542BB0FFE933360202F9D15D4DF9F1" box="[368,524,1565,1590]" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">San Cristobal</collectingCountry>
(
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). 
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE93336010CF9D25C45F9F1" bold="true" box="[638,772,1565,1590]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Chihuahua</emphasis>
: Mesa del Huracan (
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). 
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE93336072FF9D25B86F9F1" bold="true" box="[1117,1223,1565,1590]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Durango</emphasis>
: 
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. E El Salto (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE9333603EDF98D5FA6F99D" box="[159,231,1602,1626]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
), 
<quantity id="4CBBC6C5FFE93336038FF98D5E74F99D" box="[253,309,1601,1626]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1265408" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" unit="mi" value="7.0">7 mi</quantity>
. W El Salto (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE9333602A6F98D5D5DF99D" box="[468,540,1602,1626]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
), 
<quantity id="4CBBC6C5FFE933360141F98D5D38F99D" box="[563,633,1601,1626]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" unit="mi" value="10.0">10 mi</quantity>
. SW El Salto (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE933360055F98D5C2EF99D" box="[807,879,1602,1626]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
), 
<quantity id="4CBBC6C5FFE9333600F7F98D5C8DF99D" box="[901,972,1601,1626]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" unit="mi" value="10.0">10 mi</quantity>
. W El Salto (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE933360719F98D5BF2F99D" box="[1131,1203,1602,1626]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
), 
<quantity id="4CBBC6C5FFE9333607BBF98D5A4EF99D" box="[1225,1295,1601,1626]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7702784" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" unit="mi" value="11.0">11 mi</quantity>
. W El Salto (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE9333603EDF9A95FA6F9B9" box="[159,231,1638,1662]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
), 
<quantity id="4CBBC6C5FFE93336038EF9A95E01F9B9" box="[252,320,1637,1662]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7702784" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" unit="mi" value="11.0">11 mi</quantity>
. SW El Salto (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE933360298F9A95D73F9B9" box="[490,562,1638,1662]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
), Buenos Aires, 
<quantity id="4CBBC6C5FFE933360182F9A95C77F9B9" box="[752,822,1637,1662]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" unit="mi" value="10.0">10 mi</quantity>
. W La Ciudad (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE93336009FF9A95B77F9B9" box="[1005,1078,1638,1662]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
). 
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE933360738F9AA5B9CF9B9" bold="true" box="[1098,1245,1637,1662]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
<collectingCountry id="F3542BB0FFE933360738F9AA5BE0F9B9" box="[1098,1185,1637,1662]" name="Mexico" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Mexico</collectingCountry>
City
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE93336079FF9A95A75F9B9" box="[1261,1332,1638,1662]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE933360633F9A95AD0F9B9" box="[1345,1425,1638,1662]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">DEBC</collectionCode>
). 
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE9333603E5F9465E67F965" bold="true" box="[151,294,1673,1698]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Nuevo Leon</emphasis>
: Cerro Potosi (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE9333602A2F9455D59F965" box="[464,536,1674,1698]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
), NE slope Cerro Potosi, Mpio. Galaena (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE93336009AF9455B70F965" box="[1000,1073,1674,1698]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
). 
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE933360731F9465BD4F965" bold="true" box="[1091,1173,1673,1698]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Puebla</emphasis>
: 
<quantity id="4CBBC6C5FFE9333607D6F9455BA9F965" box="[1188,1256,1673,1698]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2530816" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" unit="mi" value="14.0">14 mi</quantity>
. W Texmelucan (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE9333603EDF9615FAEF901" box="[159,239,1710,1734]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">DEBC</collectionCode>
), km 60 Rd Mexico-Puebla (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE93336014AF9615DC1F901" box="[568,640,1710,1734]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
), Zoquiapan NF (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE93336003BF9615CD3F901" box="[841,914,1710,1734]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
). 
<collectingCountry id="F3542BB0FFE9333600D7F9615CA0F901" box="[933,993,1710,1734]" name="United States of America" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">USA</collectingCountry>
. 
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE93336009FF9625B0CF901" bold="true" box="[1005,1101,1709,1734]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Arizona</emphasis>
: Apache Co.: Brady Springs, SE Vernon, Sitgreaves NF (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE93336029BF91D5D75F92D" box="[489,564,1746,1770]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tizb-nd41" name="University of Arizona" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">UAIC</collectionCode>
); Cochise Co.: Barfoot Grds. (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE9333600DFF91D5CBCF92D" box="[941,1021,1746,1770]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">DEBC</collectionCode>
), Barfoot picnic Grds., Chiricahua Mountains (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE933360252F9395E26F8C9" box="[288,359,1782,1806]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE933360204F9395E87F8C9" box="[374,454,1782,1806]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">DEBC</collectionCode>
); Coconino Co.: 
<quantity id="4CBBC6C5FFE9333601FEF9395D92F8C9" box="[652,723,1781,1806]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" unit="mi" value="10.0">10 mi</quantity>
. SW Flagstaff (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE9333600F8F9395C92F8C9" box="[906,979,1782,1806]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
); Graham Co.: Mount Graham (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE933360635F9395ACEF8C9" box="[1351,1423,1782,1806]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
), Pinaleño Mountains (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE9333602FBF8D55E93F8F5" box="[393,466,1818,1842]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
); Greenlee Co.: Hannagan Camp (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE93336002AF8D55CE1F8F5" box="[856,928,1818,1842]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
), 
<quantity id="4CBBC6C5FFE9333600C7F8D65CBBF8F5" box="[949,1018,1817,1842]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.414016" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" unit="mi" value="15.0">15 mi</quantity>
. S Alpine (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE933360708F8D55B82F8F5" box="[1146,1219,1818,1842]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
); Pima Co.: Mount Lemmon, Sta. 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFE93336024FF8F25D58F891" authority="Mountains" authorityName="Mountains" box="[317,537,1853,1878]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Catalina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Catalina Mountains</taxonomicName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE93336015BF8F15D33F891" box="[553,626,1854,1878]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
), Sta. 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFE9333601C5F8F25CD5F891" authority="Mountains" authorityName="Mountains" box="[695,916,1853,1878]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Catalina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Catalina Mountains</taxonomicName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE9333600D1F8F15CAAF891" box="[931,1003,1854,1878]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
), Bear Canyon, Chiricahua Mountains (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE9333603EDF8AD5FA9F8BD" box="[159,232,1890,1914]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
); Yavapai Co.: Prescott NF, Prescott (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE9333601E5F8AD5DA1F8BD" box="[663,736,1890,1914]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
). 
<emphasis id="B937B732FFE933360186F8AE5C2EF8BD" bold="true" box="[756,879,1889,1914]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">California</emphasis>
: El Dorado Co.: 
<quantity id="4CBBC6C5FFE933360744F8AD5B3DF8BD" box="[1078,1148,1889,1914]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" unit="mi" value="10.0">10 mi</quantity>
. E Georgetown, Blodgett Forest, 
<collectingCountry id="F3542BB0FFE93336039CF8495E54F859" box="[238,277,1926,1950]" name="Australia" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">UC</collectingCountry>
(
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE933360255F8495E2EF859" box="[295,367,1926,1950]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
), 
<quantity id="4CBBC6C5FFE9333602F4F8495EFEF859" box="[390,447,1925,1950]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.828032" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" unit="mi" value="3.0">3 mi</quantity>
. E Kyburz (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE93336013CF8495DD7F859" box="[590,662,1926,1950]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
), Fallen Leaf Lake (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE9333600F6F8495C8AF859" box="[900,971,1926,1950]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE9333600A8F8495B68F859" box="[986,1065,1926,1950]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">DEBC</collectionCode>
), Placerville (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE9333607BAF8495A4EF859" box="[1224,1295,1926,1950]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE93336066CF8495A2CF859" box="[1310,1389,1926,1950]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">DEBC</collectionCode>
), El Dorado NF (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE93336025AF8655E30F805" box="[296,369,1962,1986]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
); Madera Co.: Chiquito Basin (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE9333601A4F8655C5EF805" box="[726,799,1962,1986]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
); Modoc Co.: Hackamore (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE933360727F8655BE4F805" box="[1109,1189,1962,1986]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">DEBC</collectionCode>
), Modoc NF (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE933360635F8655AD1F805" box="[1351,1424,1962,1986]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
); Placer Co.: Big Bend Ranger Sta. (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE933360157F8015D37F821" box="[549,630,1998,2022]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">DEBC</collectionCode>
); San Bernardino Co.: Big Bear Lake (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE933360740F8015B3AF821" box="[1074,1147,1998,2022]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
); San Diego Co. (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFE933360635F8015AD1F821" box="[1351,1424,1998,2022]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">CNCI</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFC6B20FFEE333103E5FF585C12FE33" blockId="12.[151,1436,151,896]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE333103E5FF585E46FF77" bold="true" box="[151,263,151,176]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">Colorado</emphasis>
: Bent Co.: Las Animas Co. (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFEE33310117FF575DF5FF77" box="[613,692,152,176]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/je3k-bvrg" name="C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">CSUC</collectionCode>
); Chaffee Co.: CR-386 N Buena Vista (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFEE333107FEFF575B9AFF77" box="[1164,1243,152,176]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/je3k-bvrg" name="C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">CSUC</collectionCode>
), Droney Gulch, Salida (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFEE3331039FFF735E7DFF13" box="[237,316,188,212]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/je3k-bvrg" name="C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">CSUC</collectionCode>
); Douglas Co.: Franktown (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFEE33310104FF735D84FF13" box="[630,709,188,212]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/je3k-bvrg" name="C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">CSUC</collectionCode>
); El Paso Co.: Black Forest (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFEE3331077FFF735B1DFF13" box="[1037,1116,188,212]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/je3k-bvrg" name="C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">CSUC</collectionCode>
); La Plata Co.: Electra Lake (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFEE333103EDFF2F5FAFFF3F" box="[159,238,224,248]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/je3k-bvrg" name="C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">CSUC</collectionCode>
); Larimer Co.: Buckhorn Canyon (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFEE3331010AFF2F5D89FF3F" box="[632,712,224,248]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">DEBC</collectionCode>
), Poudre Canyon (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFEE333100EBFF2F5CABFF3F" box="[921,1002,224,248]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">DEBC</collectionCode>
); Montezuma Co.: Dolores FS Rd 527 (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFEE333103EDFECB5FAFFEDB" box="[159,238,260,284]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/je3k-bvrg" name="C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">CSUC</collectionCode>
), Mancos (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFEE33310206FECB5E82FEDB" box="[372,451,260,284]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/je3k-bvrg" name="C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">CSUC</collectionCode>
); Montrose Co.: Sanborn Pk. (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFEE33310044FECB5CC4FEDB" box="[822,901,260,284]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/je3k-bvrg" name="C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">CSUC</collectionCode>
). 
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE333100ECFECB5CA5FEDA" bold="true" box="[926,996,260,285]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">Idaho</emphasis>
: Kootenai Co.: near Coeur d' Alene (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFEE333103EDFEE75FA9FE87" box="[159,232,296,320]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">CNCI</collectionCode>
); Latah Co.: Deary (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFEE333102ACFEE75D66FE87" box="[478,551,296,320]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">CNCI</collectionCode>
). 
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE3331014CFEE85DEAFE87" bold="true" box="[574,683,295,320]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">Montana</emphasis>
: Lake Co.: Pablo (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFEE333100E3FEE75C9BFE87" box="[913,986,296,320]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">CNCI</collectionCode>
); Ravalli Co.: Hamilton (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFEE33310675FEE75A11FE87" box="[1287,1360,296,320]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">CNCI</collectionCode>
). 
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE33310615FEE85FAFFEA2" bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">
New 
<collectingCountry id="F3542BB0FFEE333103E5FE835FAFFEA2" box="[151,238,332,357]" name="Mexico" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">Mexico</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: Otero Co.: Cloudcroft (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFEE33310173FE835D0BFEA3" box="[513,586,332,356]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">CNCI</collectionCode>
). 
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE3331012EFE835DF7FEA2" bold="true" box="[604,694,332,357]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">Oregon</emphasis>
: Josephine Co.: Oregon Caves Nat’l Monument (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFEE33310792FE835A68FEA3" box="[1248,1321,332,356]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">CNCI</collectionCode>
), Klamath Co.: Ft. Klamath (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFEE3331021BFEBF5EF3FE4F" box="[361,434,368,392]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">CNCI</collectionCode>
). 
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE333102B4FEA05D2DFE4F" bold="true" box="[454,620,367,392]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">South Dakota</emphasis>
: Custer Co.: Bear Mountain area Black Hills NF (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFEE333107C6FEBF5A46FE4F" box="[1204,1287,368,392]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">RMRS</collectionCode>
), Pennington Co.: Rushmore Mt. Black Hills (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFEE33310177FE5B5D0FFE6B" box="[517,590,404,428]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">CNCI</collectionCode>
). 
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE33310113FE5B5DDDFE6A" bold="true" box="[609,668,404,429]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">Utah</emphasis>
: Garfield Co.: Panquitch Lake, Dixie NF (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFEE3331070EFE5B5B82FE6B" box="[1148,1219,404,428]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">CNCI</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFEE333107BCFE5B5A5FFE6B" box="[1230,1310,404,428]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">DEBC</collectionCode>
); Juab Co.: The Mammoth (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFEE33310222FE775ED8FE17" box="[336,409,440,464]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">CNCI</collectionCode>
); Ouray Co.: Long Hollow, Dixie NF (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFEE33310021FE775CE5FE17" box="[851,932,440,464]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">DEBC</collectionCode>
); Sevier Co.: Pin Hollow, Fish Lake (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFEE33310623FE775AD9FE17" box="[1361,1432,440,464]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">CNCI</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFEE333103E5FE135FA6FE33" box="[151,231,476,500]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">DEBC</collectionCode>
). 
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE3331038BFE135EC9FE32" bold="true" box="[249,392,476,501]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">Washington</emphasis>
: Walla Walla Co.: Kooskooskie (
<collectionCode id="ED52F3E5FFEE3331018FFE135C07FE33" box="[765,838,476,500]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">CNCI</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFC6B20FFEE333103B5FE305E6BFD43" blockId="12.[151,1436,151,896]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE333103B5FE305E50FDDF" bold="true" box="[199,273,511,536]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">Hosts.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEE33310251FDCE5EBEFDDF" box="[291,511,511,536]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE33310251FDCE5EBEFDDF" box="[291,511,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">Picea engelmannii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEE3331016BFDCE5DDCFDDF" box="[537,669,513,536]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pungens">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE3331016BFDCE5DDCFDDF" box="[537,669,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">P. pungens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEE333101C4FDCE5C33FDDF" box="[694,882,513,536]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arizonica">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE333101C4FDCE5C33FDDF" box="[694,882,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">Pinus arizonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEE333100F6FDCF5B52FDDF" box="[900,1043,512,536]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" rank="variety" variety="cooperi">
var. 
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE333100CCFDCE5B52FDDF" box="[958,1043,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">cooperi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEE3331075FFDCE5B8EFDDF" box="[1069,1231,511,536]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ayacahuite">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE3331075FFDCE5B8EFDDF" box="[1069,1231,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">P. ayacahuite</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEE3331079AFDCE5A2FFDDF" box="[1256,1390,513,536]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="contorta">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE3331079AFDCE5A2FFDDF" box="[1256,1390,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">P. contorta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEE333106F5FDCE5E6FFDFA" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="duranguensis">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE333106F5FDCE5E6FFDFA" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">P. duranguensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEE33310249FDEA5EA1FDFA" box="[315,480,548,573]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE33310249FDEA5EA1FDFA" box="[315,480,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">P. engelmannii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEE3331029DFDEA5D34FDFA" box="[495,629,548,573]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hartwegii">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE3331029DFDEA5D34FDFA" box="[495,629,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">P. hartwegii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEE333101F1FDEA5DADFDFB" box="[643,748,548,572]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jeffreyi">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE333101F1FDEA5DADFDFB" box="[643,748,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">P. jeffreyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEE33310188FDEA5CDFFDFA" box="[762,926,548,573]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lambertiana">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE33310188FDEA5CDFFDFA" box="[762,926,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">P. lambertiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEE333100DEFDEA5B76FDFA" box="[940,1079,548,573]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leiophylla">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE333100DEFDEA5B76FDFA" box="[940,1079,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">P. leiophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEE33310737FDEA5AD4FDFA" box="[1093,1429,548,573]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="leiophylla" variety="chihuahuana">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE33310737FDEA5AD4FDFA" box="[1093,1429,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">P. leiophylla var chihuahuana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEE333103E5FD865E02FDA7" box="[151,323,585,608]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="montezumae">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE333103E5FD865E02FDA7" box="[151,323,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">P. montezumae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEE33310224FD865EAAFDA7" box="[342,491,583,608]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ponderosa">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE33310224FD865EAAFDA7" box="[342,491,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">P. ponderosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEE3331028CFD865DFEFDA7" box="[510,703,583,608]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pseudostrobus">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE3331028CFD865DFEFDA7" box="[510,703,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">P. pseudostrobus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEE333101A0FD865C3BFDA7" box="[722,890,583,608]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="strobiformis">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE333101A0FD865C3BFDA7" box="[722,890,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">P. strobiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEE333100FEFD865CBCFDA7" box="[908,1021,585,608]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="teocote">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE333100FEFD865CBCFDA7" box="[908,1021,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">P. teocote</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEE33310762FD885A52FDA7" box="[1040,1299,583,608]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pseudotsuga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="menziesii">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE33310762FD885A52FDA7" box="[1040,1299,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">Pseudotsuga menziesii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEE33310628FD865E62FD42" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Tsuga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophylla">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE33310628FD865E62FD42" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">Tsuga heterophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35938ABFFEE333103B5FD405E9BFD37" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BFC6B20FFEE333103B5FD405E9BFD37" blockId="12.[151,1436,151,896]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE333103B5FD405E18FD6F" bold="true" box="[199,345,655,680]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">Distribution</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137877A5FFEE3331021EFD405E82FD6F" box="[364,451,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1934,1956]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,949,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,949,1913]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution of Pachysquamus subcostulatus showing location of Mannerheim’s lost types on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska (insert)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252624/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
). NORTH 
<collectingCountry id="F3542BB0FFEE33310137FD5F5D8AFD6F" box="[581,715,656,680]" name="United States of America" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">AMERICA</collectingCountry>
: British 
<collectingCountry id="F3542BB0FFEE3331005DFD405CE1FD6F" box="[815,928,655,680]" name="United States of America" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">Columbia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F3542BB0FFEE333100DDFD405B42FD6F" box="[943,1027,655,680]" name="Canada" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">Canada</collectingCountry>
to Chiapas, 
<collectingCountry id="F3542BB0FFEE333107E8FD405BAEFD6F" box="[1178,1263,655,680]" name="Mexico" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">Mexico</collectingCountry>
and the Black Hills of South Dakota. There is only one known record from the Kenai Peninsula of Alaska, the putative 
<typeStatus id="54F8D582FFEE3331061EFD7A5ADDFD0A" box="[1388,1436,693,717]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">type</typeStatus>
locality (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD216D1FFEE3331038BFD185E8CFD37" author="Mannerheim" box="[249,461,727,752]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" refString="Mannerheim, C. G. (1853) Dritter nachtrag zur kaefer-fauna der Nord-Amerikanischen laender des Russien reiches. Bulletin de la'Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 26, 95 - 273." type="journal article" year="1853">Mannerheim 1853</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35938ABFFEE333003B5FD335EEDFC0F" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="314" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BFC6B20FFEE333103B5FD335D0EFC47" blockId="12.[151,1436,151,896]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE333103B5FD335E0DFCD2" bold="true" box="[199,332,764,789]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">Discussion.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEE33310221FD335D13FCD2" box="[339,594,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hylastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subcostulatus">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE33310221FD335D13FCD2" box="[339,594,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">Hylastes subcostulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD216D1FFEE33310053FD335B40FCD2" author="Mannerheim" box="[801,1025,764,789]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" refString="Mannerheim, C. G. (1853) Dritter nachtrag zur kaefer-fauna der Nord-Amerikanischen laender des Russien reiches. Bulletin de la'Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 26, 95 - 273." type="journal article" year="1853">Mannerheim (1853)</bibRefCitation>
from a single specimen collected by Dr. Fredrick Frankenhaeuser from the Kenai Peninsula in Alaska as part of an early Russian expedition. Another specimen in the same collection was described as 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEE333101B4FC8B5CCCFC9B" box="[710,909,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hylastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cristatus">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE333101B4FC8B5CCCFC9B" box="[710,909,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">Hylastes cristatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD216D1FFEE333100C5FC8B5BD6FC9A" author="Mannerheim" box="[951,1175,836,861]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" refString="Mannerheim, C. G. (1853) Dritter nachtrag zur kaefer-fauna der Nord-Amerikanischen laender des Russien reiches. Bulletin de la'Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 26, 95 - 273." type="journal article" year="1853">Mannerheim (1853)</bibRefCitation>
and later synonymized with 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEE333103BDFCA65ECBFC47" box="[207,394,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hylastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subcostulatus">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE333103BDFCA65ECBFC47" box="[207,394,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">H. subcostulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD216D1FFEE333102C6FCA85D0AFC47" author="Wood" box="[436,587,871,896]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" refString="Wood, S. L. (1982) The bark and ambrosia beetles of North and Central America (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), a taxonomic monograph. Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs, 6, 1 - 1359." type="journal article" year="1982">Wood (1982)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3C3BA8FFEE333103E5F8415EE2F804" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252624/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" targetBox="[152,1436,949,1912]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="8BFC6B20FFEE333103E5F8415EE2F804" blockId="12.[151,1436,1934,1987]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE333103E5F8415E67F864" bold="true" box="[151,294,1934,1956]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
Distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEE333102AEF8415C4AF863" box="[476,779,1934,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pachysquamus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subcostulatus">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEE333102AEF8415C4AF863" box="[476,779,1934,1956]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">Pachysquamus subcostulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
showing location of Mannerheim’s lost types on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska (insert).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFC6B20FFEF333003B5FF585E56FEA2" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,968]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">
The lack of collection records between British 
<collectingCountry id="F3542BB0FFEF333001BDFF585C7FFF77" box="[719,830,151,176]" name="United States of America" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Columbia</collectingCountry>
and the Mannerheim 
<typeStatus id="54F8D582FFEF33300743FF575B20FF77" box="[1073,1121,152,176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">type</typeStatus>
from the Kenai Peninsula is intriguing. The 
<typeStatus id="54F8D582FFEF3330023BFF725E38FF12" box="[329,377,189,213]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">type</typeStatus>
specimens of both 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEF3330012BFF725C54FF12" box="[601,789,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pachysquamus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subcostulatus">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEF3330012BFF725C54FF12" box="[601,789,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">H. subcostulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEF3330003CFF725C93FF13" box="[846,978,189,212]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hylastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cristatus">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEF3330003CFF725C93FF13" box="[846,978,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">H. cristatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are considered lost (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD216D1FFEF333007CDFF735A06FF12" author="Wood" box="[1215,1351,188,213]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" refString="Wood, S. L. (1969) New synonymy and records of Platypodidae and Scolytidae (Coleoptera). The Great Basin Naturalist, 29 (3), 113 - 128." type="journal article" year="1969">Wood 1969</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD216D1FFEF33300626FF735AD1FF13" author="Wood" box="[1364,1424,188,212]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" refString="Wood, S. L. (1982) The bark and ambrosia beetles of North and Central America (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), a taxonomic monograph. Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs, 6, 1 - 1359." type="journal article" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
). Subsequent re-descriptions, including those of 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD216D1FFEF333001DAFF2F5C1BFF3F" author="LeConte" box="[680,858,223,248]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" refString="LeConte, J. L. (1868) Synopsis of the Scolytidae of America North of Mexico, Appendix. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 2 (1), pp. 150 - 178." type="journal article" year="1868">LeConte (1868)</bibRefCitation>
and Chapuis (
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEF3330008DFF2E5B92FF3F" box="[1023,1235,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hylastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alternans">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEF3330008DFF2E5BCDFF3F" box="[1023,1164,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">H. alternans</emphasis>
, 1869
</taxonomicName>
) were made from specimens collected from British 
<collectingCountry id="F3542BB0FFEF3330015FFECB5DDDFEDA" box="[557,668,260,285]" name="United States of America" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Columbia</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="F3542BB0FFEF33300193FECB5C78FEDA" box="[737,825,260,285]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Mexico</collectingCountry>
, respectively; however, the original description by Mannerheim is adequate to identify the species. The possibility that the 
<typeStatus id="54F8D582FFEF333000BCFEE75CBFFE87" box="[974,1022,296,320]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">type</typeStatus>
specimen was mislabeled should be considered.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFC6B20FFEF333003B5FEA05D15FDA7" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,968]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD216D1FFEF333003B5FEA05E1AFE4F" author="Wood" box="[199,347,367,392]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" refString="Wood, S. L. (1982) The bark and ambrosia beetles of North and Central America (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), a taxonomic monograph. Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs, 6, 1 - 1359." type="journal article" year="1982">Wood (1982)</bibRefCitation>
recognized 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEF33300296FEBE5D31FE4F" box="[484,624,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hylastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alternans">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEF33300296FEBE5D31FE4F" box="[484,624,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">H. alternans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a subspecies of 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEF33300034FEBE5B41FE4F" box="[838,1024,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pachysquamus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subcostulatus">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEF33300034FEBE5B41FE4F" box="[838,1024,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">H. subcostulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on what he considered to be a population with more elevated declivital interstriae and, in these, more inflated tubercles in specimens occurring south of central Arizona in contrast to specimens occurring north of that area. The subspecific concept has been questioned (D.E. Bright pers. comm.) based on the uninterrupted distribution of both geographical forms. Examination of specimens from throughout the species’ range suggests that the size of the tubercles and the elevation of interstriae are variable and do not correlate with the arbitrary geographical distribution of the subspecies considered by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFD216D1FFEF333002CBFD885D0EFDA7" author="Wood" box="[441,591,583,608]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" refString="Wood, S. L. (1982) The bark and ambrosia beetles of North and Central America (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), a taxonomic monograph. Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs, 6, 1 - 1359." type="journal article" year="1982">Wood (1982)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFC6B20FFEF333003B5FDA35EC5FC9B" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,968]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEF333003B5FDA35D4FFD42" box="[199,526,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pachysquamus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subcostulatus">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEF333003B5FDA35D4FFD42" box="[199,526,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Pachysquamus subcostulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ranges from the Canadian Cascades in southern British 
<collectingCountry id="F3542BB0FFEF3330070CFDA35BADFD42" box="[1150,1260,620,645]" name="United States of America" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Columbia</collectingCountry>
to the Sierra de Chiapas in southern 
<collectingCountry id="F3542BB0FFEF333002FBFD405EA3FD6F" box="[393,482,655,680]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Mexico</collectingCountry>
. The Black Hills of South Dakota represent the easternmost limit of the species. Ignoring the questionable Kenai specimens, the northern distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEF333000CBFD7A5B2CFD0A" box="[953,1133,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pachysquamus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subcostulatus">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEF333000CBFD7A5B2CFD0A" box="[953,1133,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">P. subcostulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
corresponds with that of 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEF333006F5FD7A5E4DFD37" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ponderosa">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEF333006F5FD7A5E4DFD37" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">P. ponderosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The species occurs from altitudes of 
<quantity id="4CBBC6C5FFEF333001B6FD185C76FD28" box="[708,823,727,752]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" unit="m" value="380.0" valueMax="700.0" valueMin="60.0">60–700 m</quantity>
in 
<collectingCountry id="F3542BB0FFEF3330002CFD185CF7FD37" box="[862,950,727,752]" name="Canada" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Canada</collectingCountry>
. In the continental 
<collectingCountry id="F3542BB0FFEF333007E1FD185A6CFD37" box="[1171,1325,727,752]" name="United States of America" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">United States</collectingCountry>
, it occurs from elevations of 
<quantity id="4CBBC6C5FFEF33300219FD335EB5FCD3" box="[363,500,764,789]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.68" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="0.06" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" unit="m" value="1680.0" valueMax="3300.0" valueMin="60.0">60–3,300 m</quantity>
. Although it primarily attacks 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEF3330003BFD325C98FCD2" box="[841,985,764,789]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ponderosa">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEF3330003BFD325C98FCD2" box="[841,985,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">P. ponderosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, it occurs in other conifers in the genera 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEF333003E5FCEE5F96FCFF" box="[151,215,801,824]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEF333003E5FCEE5F96FCFF" box="[151,215,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Pinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEF33300395FCEE5E66FCFF" box="[231,295,801,824]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEF33300395FCEE5E66FCFF" box="[231,295,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Picea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEF3330024AFCD05E86FCFF" box="[312,455,799,824]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pseudotsuga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEF3330024AFCD05E86FCFF" box="[312,455,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Pseudotsuga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEF33300179FCEE5D0CFCFF" box="[523,589,801,824]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Tsuga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEF33300179FCEE5D0CFCFF" box="[523,589,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Tsuga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In 
<collectingCountry id="F3542BB0FFEF3330010DFCD05D96FCFF" box="[639,727,799,824]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Mexico</collectingCountry>
, examined specimens were collected from elevations ranging from 
<quantity id="4CBBC6C5FFEF333003A6FC8B5EC1FC9B" box="[212,384,836,860]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" unit="m" value="3000.0" valueMax="3700.0" valueMin="2300.0">2,300–3,700 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFC6B20FFEF333003B5FCA75EEDFC0F" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,968]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">
As with other members in the 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEF33300147FCA85DDEFC47" box="[565,671,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hylastini">Hylastini</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEF333001DFFCA65C27FC47" box="[685,870,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pachysquamus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subcostulatus">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEF333001DFFCA65C27FC47" box="[685,870,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">P. subcostulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
selects and develops in conifers that have been weakened or killed by other bark beetles such as 
<taxonomicName id="4C4310A3FFEF333001CEFC435C18FC62" box="[700,857,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Dendroctonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937B732FFEF333001CEFC435C18FC62" box="[700,857,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Dendroctonus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or by other natural or anthropogenic agents such as severe drought and fires.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>