376 lines
41 KiB
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376 lines
41 KiB
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<document id="5AE5B4C1415889F718378592219C4384" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4817.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3954698" ID-ZooBank="7CBDB6A9-9AF9-495F-A55A-83BF36A4934D" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1595340362484" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Isler, Morton L., Chesser, Terry, Robbins, Mark B., Cuervo, Andrés M., Cadena, Carlos Daniel & Hosner, Peter A." docDate="2020" docId="465F87DEFFB2745EFF07FF36FC6AFC37" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4817.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4817 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Grallaria alvarezi Cuervo, Cadena, Isler, & Chesser 2020, new species" docType="treatment" docUuid="D5BB61A4-0632-4F89-B76B-48C918849FAF" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="14" masterDocId="BA66FFA6FFBE7453FF90FFAFFFB2FFFC" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic evaluation of the Grallaria rufula (Rufous Antpitta) complex (Aves: Passeriformes: Grallariidae) distinguishes sixteen species" masterLastPageNumber="74" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1698783870222" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="B97F077173F36B92F20CE970D5E48BB3">
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<mods:title id="E53774F3B23BB259E14B6A140E1C80D2">Taxonomic evaluation of the Grallaria rufula (Rufous Antpitta) complex (Aves: Passeriformes: Grallariidae) distinguishes sixteen species</mods:title>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="28EE12F544D3C8EA2638F59741F92DCD">Isler, Morton L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="B2BB245851A0D028883AC953C79B3905">Chesser, Terry</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="6E016A31C9DF7C551D9B8895A5C00900">Robbins, Mark B.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="732C2A5AD84428AADB04743D2D1CD17F">Cuervo, Andrés M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="1287AA44D86D6B7831F380AFBC5C07C1">Cadena, Carlos Daniel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="54197ACB4B42634A74354CC251351FC8">Hosner, Peter A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="B15F57B6F8F9C2CB8ED5EF8F32A093CF">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="6C7C150448663D087C6379B666691297">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="77EBB75738B950F3CBAB48F30F545A8D">
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<mods:date id="CC7498C7891B4D044E3FFFE6008896AD">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="4D270966C60D9FD15108F34EFC280A15" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="A6BB4811EC9F731A1B57E4239ED72D79">2020-07-21</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="2F2E8C88AFE05FE2A51BE952BCF92AB4" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="67E3CA269C173C0850A8DF279AC6DE6B">4817</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="CFA7D693B5BA79FC90F52B0551C8807D" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="4327F7F5453E4586CAAA3DEFBD81AA3C">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="CB34AD61388DEB18242E89396A96907A">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="EDA8F4C9F149B35A6670896BD79A55A1" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4817.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B723C805F7953CCB6E8B349D8E8FCF42" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="BE921833E75FAC5764F49B2D13FDDE61" type="Zenodo-Dep">3954698</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="5A55768CEB34FB7E9E66F454457E5FD5" type="ZooBank">7CBDB6A9-9AF9-495F-A55A-83BF36A4934D</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="465F87DEFFB2745EFF07FF36FC6AFC37" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D5BB61A4-0632-4F89-B76B-48C918849FAF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/465F87DEFFB2745EFF07FF36FC6AFC37" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<subSubSection id="86EC6543FFB2745FFF07FF36FEF1FF2B" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="CE4936C8FFB2745FFF07FF36FC01FF48" blockId="12.[151,947,153,215]" box="[151,947,153,180]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<heading id="950181A4FFB2745FFF07FF36FC01FF48" bold="true" box="[151,947,153,180]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB2745FFF07FF36FC01FF48" bold="true" box="[151,947,153,180]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName id="09F64D4BFFB2745FFF07FF36FCA5FF48" authority="Cuervo, Cadena, Isler, & Chesser" authorityName="Cuervo, Cadena, Isler, & Chesser" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,791,153,180]" class="Aves" family="Grallariidae" genus="Grallaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alvarezi" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB2745FFF07FF36FEDCFF48" bold="true" box="[151,366,153,180]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Grallaria alvarezi</emphasis>
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Cuervo, Cadena, Isler, & Chesser
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7B157A1FFB2745FFCB3FF35FC01FF48" box="[803,947,154,180]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CE4936C8FFB2745FFF07FF12FEF1FF2B" blockId="12.[151,947,153,215]" box="[151,323,189,215]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Chamí Antpitta</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="86EC6543FFB2745FFF07FEAAFC9EFEE3" box="[151,812,261,288]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
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<paragraph id="CE4936C8FFB2745FFF07FEAAFC9EFEE3" blockId="12.[151,1437,261,864]" box="[151,812,261,288]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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Includes the population designated
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<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB2745FFDB4FEAAFDCFFEDC" box="[548,637,261,288]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName id="09F64D4BFFB2745FFDB4FEAAFDDAFEE3" baseAuthorityName="Lafresnaye" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[548,616,261,287]" class="Aves" family="Grallariidae" genus="Grallaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufula">rufula</taxonomicName>
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<quantity id="090E9B2DFFB2745FFDFFFEA9FDCFFEDC" box="[623,637,262,288]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="in" value="4.0">4</quantity>
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</emphasis>
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in the analysis.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="86EC6543FFB2745FFF57FE86FCBDFD98" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="CE4936C8FFB2745FFF57FE86FCBDFD98" blockId="12.[151,1437,261,864]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB2745FFF57FE86FEF0FEBF" bold="true" box="[199,322,297,323]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Overall plumage deep reddish-brown, deeper in color than other taxa, especially in the throat and underparts. Vocalizations of
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<taxonomicName id="09F64D4BFFB2745FFE44FEE1FDFCFE9B" authorityName="Cuervo, Cadena, Isler, & Chesser" authorityYear="2020" box="[468,590,333,360]" class="Aves" family="Grallariidae" genus="Grallaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alvarezi">
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<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB2745FFE44FEE1FDFCFE9B" box="[468,590,333,360]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">G. alvarezi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="56CD2A4DFFB2745FFDCCFEE2FD2DFE94" box="[604,671,333,360]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1252,1276]" captionTargetBox="[156,1434,887,1223]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[152,1436,885,1226]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Songs of Grallaria alvarezi: (A) long song, Páramo de Frontino, Antioquia, Colombia (Krabbe XC27437); (B) short song, Alto de Ventanas, Antioquia (Calderón-F. XC104251)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3954711" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3954711/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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) are distinguished from those of all other taxa in the complex, except
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<taxonomicName id="09F64D4BFFB2745FFF07FEDDFEA4FE77" authorityName="Domaniewski & Stolzmann" authorityYear="1918" box="[151,278,370,396]" class="Aves" family="Grallariidae" genus="Grallaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saturata">
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<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB2745FFF07FEDDFEA4FE77" box="[151,278,370,396]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">G. saturata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by a short song that consists of a single note, followed by a longer interval and ending with a trill. Short songs of
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<taxonomicName id="09F64D4BFFB2745FFF6CFE39FECAFE53" authorityName="Cuervo, Cadena, Isler, & Chesser" authorityYear="2020" box="[252,376,405,432]" class="Aves" family="Grallariidae" genus="Grallaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alvarezi">
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<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB2745FFF6CFE39FECAFE53" box="[252,376,405,432]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">G. alvarezi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differ diagnosably from those of
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<taxonomicName id="09F64D4BFFB2745FFD60FE39FCDDFE53" authorityName="Domaniewski & Stolzmann" authorityYear="1918" box="[752,879,406,432]" class="Aves" family="Grallariidae" genus="Grallaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saturata">
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<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB2745FFD60FE39FCDDFE53" box="[752,879,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">G. saturata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by rounded rather than flat or downslurred notes, and the trill in the short song of
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<taxonomicName id="09F64D4BFFB2745FFD94FE15FD32FE2F" authorityName="Cuervo, Cadena, Isler, & Chesser" authorityYear="2020" box="[516,640,441,468]" class="Aves" family="Grallariidae" genus="Grallaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alvarezi">
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<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB2745FFD94FE15FD32FE2F" box="[516,640,441,468]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">G. alvarezi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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lacks the interruption found in the southern population of
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<taxonomicName id="09F64D4BFFB2745FFA85FE15FA27FE2F" authorityName="Domaniewski & Stolzmann" authorityYear="1918" box="[1301,1429,442,468]" class="Aves" family="Grallariidae" genus="Grallaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saturata">
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<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB2745FFA85FE15FA27FE2F" box="[1301,1429,442,468]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">G. saturata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Peak frequencies of notes in long songs of
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<taxonomicName id="09F64D4BFFB2745FFDE2FE71FD5FFE0B" authorityName="Cuervo, Cadena, Isler, & Chesser" authorityYear="2020" box="[626,749,477,504]" class="Aves" family="Grallariidae" genus="Grallaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alvarezi">
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<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB2745FFDE2FE71FD34FE04" box="[626,646,478,504]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">G</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB2745FFD04FE72FD5FFE0B" box="[660,749,477,503]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">alvarezi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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decline, whereas those of
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<taxonomicName id="09F64D4BFFB2745FFB82FE71FB23FE0B" authorityName="Domaniewski & Stolzmann" authorityYear="1918" box="[1042,1169,478,504]" class="Aves" family="Grallariidae" genus="Grallaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saturata">
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<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB2745FFB82FE71FB23FE0B" box="[1042,1169,478,504]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">G. saturata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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remain nearly constant. In addition, typical notes of long songs of
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<taxonomicName id="09F64D4BFFB2745FFDFEFDADFD5BFDE7" authorityName="Cuervo, Cadena, Isler, & Chesser" authorityYear="2020" box="[622,745,513,540]" class="Aves" family="Grallariidae" genus="Grallaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alvarezi">
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<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB2745FFDFEFDADFD30FDE0" box="[622,642,514,540]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">G</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB2745FFD00FDAEFD5BFDE7" box="[656,745,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">alvarezi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are box-shaped and have a narrow band width, whereas those of
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<taxonomicName id="09F64D4BFFB2745FFF26FD89FE84FDC3" authorityName="Domaniewski & Stolzmann" authorityYear="1918" box="[182,310,550,576]" class="Aves" family="Grallariidae" genus="Grallaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saturata">
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<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB2745FFF26FD89FE84FDC3" box="[182,310,550,576]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">G. saturata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are typically downslurred and have a wider band width, although less commonly they approach the shape of
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<taxonomicName id="09F64D4BFFB2745FFF6CFDE5FEC5FD9F" authorityName="Cuervo, Cadena, Isler, & Chesser" authorityYear="2020" box="[252,375,585,612]" class="Aves" family="Grallariidae" genus="Grallaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alvarezi">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB2745FFF6CFDE5FEC5FD9F" box="[252,375,585,612]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">G. alvarezi</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
notes, especially in extended songs.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="86EC6543FFB2745FFF57FDC2FE59FD50" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="distribution">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="CE4936C8FFB2745FFF57FDC2FE59FD50" blockId="12.[151,1437,261,864]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB2745FFF57FDC2FED3FD7B" bold="true" box="[199,353,621,647]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Endemic to
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="B6E17658FFB2745FFE7DFDC2FDE9FD7B" box="[493,603,621,647]" name="Colombia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
in Western Andes from Paramillo, northwestern
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="0C32F82AFFB2745FFBEBFDC2FB5CFD7B" box="[1147,1262,621,647]" country="Colombia" name="Antioquia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Antioquia</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
, south to northwestern
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="0C32F82AFFB2745FFF65FD3DFE8CFD50" box="[245,318,658,684]" country="Colombia" name="Cauca" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Cauca</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="090E9B2DFFB2745FFED9FD3EFE55FD50" box="[329,487,657,684]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.65" metricValueMin="2.35" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="3000.0" valueMax="3650.0" valueMin="2350.0">2350–3650 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="86EC6543FFB2745FFF57FD19FEC7FC9C" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="materials_examined">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="CE4936C8FFB2745FFF57FD19FEC7FC9C" blockId="12.[151,1437,261,864]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="7E9E3C95FFB2745FFF57FD19FEC7FC9C" collectingDate="2004-08-23" collectorName="Instituto Alexander von Humboldt & Adult & M. A. Echeverry & S. Sierra & La Cumbre" country="Colombia" county="Tatama" elevation="2650" latitude="5.158056" location="Pueblo Rico" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-76.01667" municipality="La Cumbre" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cordoba" typeStatus="holotype">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB2745FFF57FD19FE89FD2C" bold="true" box="[199,315,694,720]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="114D886AFFB2745FFF57FD19FE84FD2C" box="[199,310,694,720]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="6303531EFFB2745FFED1FD1AFD0DFD33" box="[321,703,693,720]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Instituto Alexander von Humboldt</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
(IAvH-A) 13358, prepared as round skin and partial body in fluid, with frozen tissue samples number IAvH-CT-3997.
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="6303531EFFB2745FFD77FD76FC95FD0F" box="[743,807,729,755]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Adult</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
female mist-netted in upper montane wet forest on
|
|||
|
|
<date id="BA481008FFB2745FFA10FD75FE95FCE4" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2004-08-23">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingDate id="AA0CE9E0FFB2745FFA10FD75FE95FCE4" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2004-08-23">23 August 2004</collectingDate>
|
|||
|
|
</date>
|
|||
|
|
by
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="6303531EFFB2745FFEC1FD51FDBEFCEB" box="[337,524,765,792]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">M. A. Echeverry</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
, S.
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="0C32F82AFFB2745FFDA5FD52FD2AFCEB" box="[565,664,765,791]" country="Colombia" name="Cordoba" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Córdoba</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="6303531EFFB2745FFD33FD51FCB1FCEB" box="[675,771,765,792]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. Sierra</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
(collector field number MAE-431, mist-net format number 89) in
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="B6E17658FFB2745FFF70FC8EFEE3FCC7" box="[224,337,801,827]" name="Colombia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, Dpto.
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="0C32F82AFFB2745FFE33FC8EFDA2FCC7" box="[419,528,801,827]" country="Colombia" name="Risaralda" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Risaralda</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
, mpio.
|
|||
|
|
<location id="CB296013FFB2745FFDF2FC8EFD5DFCC7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:465F87DEFFB2745EFF07FF36FC6AFC37:CB296013FFB2745FFDF2FC8EFD5DFCC7" box="[610,751,801,827]" country="Colombia" county="Tatama" latitude="5.158056" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-76.01667" municipality="La Cumbre" name="Pueblo Rico" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" stateProvince="Cordoba">Pueblo Rico</location>
|
|||
|
|
, vda.
|
|||
|
|
<collectorName id="6303531EFFB2745FFCA0FC8DFC00FCC7" box="[816,946,801,828]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingMunicipality id="2E2DACB2FFB2745FFCA0FC8DFC00FCC7" box="[816,946,801,828]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">La Cumbre</collectingMunicipality>
|
|||
|
|
</collectorName>
|
|||
|
|
, PNN
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCounty id="27284E44FFB2745FFC6BFC8DFBFFFCC0" box="[1019,1101,802,828]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Tatamá</collectingCounty>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="ABC2500FFFB2745FFBCDFC8EFB7FFCC0" box="[1117,1229,801,828]" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="9" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="15" seconds="29" value="5.158056">5°9’29”N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="ABC2500FFFB2745FFB49FC8EFAFEFCC7" box="[1241,1356,801,827]" degrees="76" direction="west" minutes="1" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="15" seconds="0" value="-76.01667">76°1’0”W</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<elevation id="45DBD1FBFFB2745FFAC8FC8EFEDBFC9C" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="2.68" metricValueMin="2.62" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="2650.0" valueMax="2680.0" valueMin="2620.0">
|
|||
|
|
elevation
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="090E9B2DFFB2745FFF5AFCEAFEDBFC9C" box="[202,361,837,864]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="2.68" metricValueMin="2.62" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="2650.0" valueMax="2680.0" valueMin="2620.0">2620–2680 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
</elevation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="9A896640FFB2745FFF07FB4BFC86FADD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3954711" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3954711" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3954711/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" startId="12.[151,250,1252,1276]" targetBox="[156,1434,887,1223]" targetPageId="12">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="CE4936C8FFB2745FFF07FB4BFC86FADD" blockId="12.[151,1436,1252,1313]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB2745FFF07FB4BFEBDFB00" bold="true" box="[151,271,1252,1276]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">FIGURE 6</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. Songs of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="09F64D4BFFB2745FFE11FB4BFD8EFB00" authorityName="Cuervo, Cadena, Isler, & Chesser" authorityYear="2020" box="[385,572,1252,1276]" class="Aves" family="Grallariidae" genus="Grallaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alvarezi">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB2745FFE11FB4BFD8EFB00" box="[385,572,1252,1276]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Grallaria alvarezi</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: (A) long song, Páramo de Frontino, Antioquia, Colombia (Krabbe XC27437); (B) short song, Alto de Ventanas, Antioquia (Calderón-F. XC104251).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="86EC6543FFB2745EFF57FAE0FC8FFEE3" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="CE4936C8FFB2745FFF57FAE0FE5CF89E" blockId="12.[151,1437,1359,2034]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB2745FFF57FAE0FE54FA95" bold="true" box="[199,486,1359,1385]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
|||
|
|
Description of
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="114D886AFFB2745FFEE8FAE0FE53FA95" box="[376,481,1359,1385]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Adult female. Overall plumage color intense reddish brown (2.5YR 3/4), especially on crown, nape, mantle, rump and rectrices, and ventrally on throat, sides of neck, upper flanks, and thighs. Facial area including orbital feathers, lores and auriculars also reddish brown (2.5YR 3/4). The breast shows an even more intense saturation of reddish brown (close to 2.5YR 3/4 but more saturated), which suggests a diffuse breast band that grades towards lighter buffy brown (7.5YR 6/6–6/8) at center of belly, particularly at the outer portion of vanes of contour feathers, with inner portions duskier (close to 7.5YR 5/8), giving an appearance of a scaled pattern in lower belly; vent and outer tail coverts slightly paler (7.5YR 7/6). Reddish-brown (5YR 3/4–3/6) on wings mostly due to coloration of outer webs of remiges and wing coverts, whereas inner webs are slightly duskier (5YR 3/2). Axillaries, lesser and median underwing coverts reddish brown (5YR 5/6–5/8). Greater underwing coverts dusky brown (close to 5YR 3/2) with rufescent outer borders (7.5YR 6/8). Ovary 9 x
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="090E9B2DFFB2745FFBB4F93CFBCCF951" box="[1060,1150,1683,1709]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="4.1">4.1 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
, largest follicle 1.2 x 2.0 mm in postovulatory regression, skull 100% pneumatized, abundant fat, no molt. Stomach, syrinx and other organs unexamined but saved intact as partial liquid specimen in ethanol (IAvH-A 13358, MAE-431). Soft part coloration (parentheses in Spanish as originally annotated on label): iris brown (“marrón”), maxilla dusky black (“cuerno oscuro”), mandible dusky black with buffy base and pale tip (“base crema, punta clara, resto cuerno”), feet/legs grayish blue (“azul grisáceo”).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="CE4936C8FFB2745FFF57F8C4FDBAF831" blockId="12.[151,1437,1359,2034]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB2745FFF57F8C4FDBAF879" bold="true" box="[199,520,1899,1925]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
|||
|
|
Measurements of
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="114D886AFFB2745FFE0AF8C4FDB1F879" box="[410,515,1899,1925]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Bill length (total)
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="090E9B2DFFB2745FFD44F8C4FCF5F879" box="[724,839,1899,1925]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.304" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="23.04">23.04 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
, exposed culmen
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="090E9B2DFFB2745FFB9CF8C4FBC3F879" box="[1036,1137,1899,1926]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="20.5">20.5 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
, bill from nares
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="090E9B2DFFB2745FFAB5F8C4FA2AF879" box="[1317,1432,1899,1925]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.249" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="12.49">12.49 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
, bill width
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="090E9B2DFFB2745FFE9AF820FEDDF855" box="[266,367,1935,1962]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.27" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="5.27">5.27 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
, bill depth
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="090E9B2DFFB2745FFE7BF820FDE3F855" box="[491,593,1935,1961]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.01" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="6.01">6.01 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
, wing length (chord)
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="090E9B2DFFB2745FFCD0F820FC06F855" box="[832,948,1935,1961]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.122" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="81.22">81.22 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
, flattened wing length
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="090E9B2DFFB2745FFB23F820FAB1F855" box="[1203,1283,1935,1961]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.4" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="84.0">84 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
, tarsus length
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="090E9B2DFFB2745FFF07F81CFEB9F831" box="[151,267,1971,1997]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3229999999999995" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="43.23">43.23 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
, tail length
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="090E9B2DFFB2745FFE1FF81CFDB6F831" box="[399,516,1971,1997]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7079999999999997" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="37.08">37.08 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="CE4936C8FFB2745EFF57F878FF6AFF2B" blockId="12.[151,1437,1359,2034]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1437,153,972]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="7E9E3C95FFB2745FFF57F878FDC2F80E" box="[199,624,2007,2034]" collectionCode="USNM" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCode="USNM 436485" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB2745FFF57F878FEF4F80D" bold="true" box="[199,326,2007,2033]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="114D886AFFB2745FFF57F878FEF3F80D" box="[199,321,2007,2033]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCode id="9E509EB3FFB2745FFEC8F878FDB4F80E" box="[344,518,2007,2034]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="Museum">USNM 436485</specimenCode>
|
|||
|
|
(female)
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="7E9E3C95FFB2745FFDECF878FC2BF80E" box="[636,921,2007,2034]" collectionCode="AMNH" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCode="AMNH 133533" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCode id="9E509EB3FFB2745FFDECF878FC9CF80E" box="[636,814,2007,2034]" collectionCode="AMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">AMNH 133533</specimenCode>
|
|||
|
|
(female)
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="7E9E3C95FFB2745FFC36F878FB02F80E" box="[934,1200,2007,2034]" collectionCode="LACM" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCode="LACM 37383" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCode id="9E509EB3FFB2745FFC36F878FBF7F80D" box="[934,1093,2007,2033]" collectionCode="LACM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="Museum">LACM 37383</specimenCode>
|
|||
|
|
(female)
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="7E9E3C95FFB2745EFB2DF878FF68FF48" collectionCode="FMNH" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCode="FMNH 249750" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCode id="9E509EB3FFB2745FFB2DF878FAD9F80E" box="[1213,1387,2007,2034]" collectionCode="FMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="Museum">FMNH 249750</specimenCode>
|
|||
|
|
(fe- male)
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="7E9E3C95FFB3745EFF75FF36FDD3FF48" box="[229,609,153,180]" collectionCode="AMNH" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCode="AMNH 109634" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCode id="9E509EB3FFB3745EFF75FF36FE2AFF4F" box="[229,408,153,179]" collectionCode="AMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">AMNH 109634</specimenCode>
|
|||
|
|
(immature male)
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<materialsCitation id="7E9E3C95FFB3745EFDFDFF36FF66FF2B" collectionCode="AMNH" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCode="AMNH 109635" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCode id="9E509EB3FFB3745EFDFDFF36FCADFF48" box="[621,799,153,180]" collectionCode="AMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">AMNH 109635</specimenCode>
|
|||
|
|
(female) (specimen photographs App. 6,
|
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|
|
<figureCitation id="56CD2A4DFFB3745EFB6CFF36FAD9FF4F" box="[1276,1387,153,179]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1793,1817]" captionTargetBox="[277,1295,192,1744]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[249,1339,178,1769]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 19. Map showing the taxonomy and distribution of the Grallaria rufula complex as revised herein, Part 1: populations formerly ascribed to G. rufula. Solid circles represent sectors (Isler 1997) that contain locations of genetic samples used in a companion paper (Chesser et al. 2020) and stars that are sectors containing locations where specimens have been collected or vocalizations recorded. Sectors may contain more than one genetic or vocal sample or specimen. Lines encompass sectors attributed to the same taxon and are not projections of geographic range. Some sectors are placed away from boundary lines (country boundaries, coasts) for clarity which results in discrepancies with geographic range projections which can be found in the companion paper (Chesser et al. 2020)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3954737" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3954737/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs. A19</figureCitation>
|
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|
|
and A34)
|
|||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="CE4936C8FFB3745EFF57FF4EFC8FFEE3" blockId="13.[151,1437,153,972]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB3745EFF57FF4EFE7DFF07" bold="true" box="[199,463,225,251]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Variation in plumage.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Most specimens show pale streaking in the centers of some contour feathers, and in some the intensity of breast feathers suggests a diffuse band.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="86EC6543FFB3745EFF57FE86FE49FDE7" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="etymology">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="CE4936C8FFB3745EFF57FE86FE49FDE7" blockId="13.[151,1437,153,972]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB3745EFF57FE86FEFCFEBF" bold="true" box="[199,334,297,323]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
The scientific name honors Colombian ornithologist
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="B6E17658FFB3745EFC24FE86FBA9FEBF" box="[948,1051,297,323]" name="Mauritius" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Mauricio</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
Álvarez Rebolledo, who led several biological expeditions during the peak of political instability of the 1990s and early 2000s in
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="B6E17658FFB3745EFB71FEE2FAE0FE9B" box="[1249,1362,333,359]" name="Colombia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, while playing an important role in conservation and education.
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="B6E17658FFB3745EFC88FEDEFCCDFE77" box="[792,895,369,395]" name="Mauritius" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Mauricio</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
pioneered avian sound recording in the country, establishing the Colección de Sonidos Ambientales at Instituto Alexander von Humboldt. The English name honors the “people of the mountains,” the Emberá-Chamí indigenous community inhabiting the slopes of northern Western Andes of
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="B6E17658FFB3745EFE95FE72FEC5FE0B" box="[261,375,477,503]" name="Colombia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
. Chamí means mountain, and Tatamá, the name of the
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="114D886AFFB3745EFC70FE71FBA2FE04" box="[992,1040,478,504]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
locality, means “the grandfather of the rivers” in Emberá language.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="86EC6543FFB3745EFF57FD8AFC6AFC37" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="discussion">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="CE4936C8FFB3745EFF57FD8AFC6AFC37" blockId="13.[151,1437,153,972]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB3745EFF57FD8AFE89FDC3" bold="true" box="[199,315,549,575]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
With larger samples of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="09F64D4BFFB3745EFDD2FD8AFD73FDC3" authorityName="Domaniewski & Stolzmann" authorityYear="1918" box="[578,705,549,575]" class="Aves" family="Grallariidae" genus="Grallaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saturata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB3745EFDD2FD8AFD73FDC3" box="[578,705,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. saturata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
from the Central Andes and from southern
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="B6E17658FFB3745EFB32FD8AFAA2FDC3" box="[1186,1296,549,575]" name="Colombia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
in
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="0C32F82AFFB3745EFAA2FD8AFA31FDC3" box="[1330,1411,549,575]" country="Colombia" name="Narino" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Nariño</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
, it appears that additional vocal characters may be found to differ diagnostically between
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="09F64D4BFFB3745EFBF4FDE6FB6DFD9F" authorityName="Cuervo, Cadena, Isler, & Chesser" authorityYear="2020" box="[1124,1247,585,611]" class="Aves" family="Grallariidae" genus="Grallaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alvarezi">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB3745EFBF4FDE6FB6DFD9F" box="[1124,1247,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. alvarezi</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="09F64D4BFFB3745EFA86FDE6FA27FD9F" authorityName="Domaniewski & Stolzmann" authorityYear="1918" box="[1302,1429,585,611]" class="Aves" family="Grallariidae" genus="Grallaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saturata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB3745EFA86FDE6FA27FD9F" box="[1302,1429,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. saturata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. These include the change in pace and intensity in long songs and duration of note intervals in short songs. The rufous coloration of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="09F64D4BFFB3745EFEA2FD3EFE1DFD57" authorityName="Cuervo, Cadena, Isler, & Chesser" authorityYear="2020" box="[306,431,657,683]" class="Aves" family="Grallariidae" genus="Grallaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alvarezi">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB3745EFEA2FD3EFE1DFD57" box="[306,431,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. alvarezi</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is among the darkest and most intense of any population in the complex save
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="09F64D4BFFB3745EFAA4FD3EFA2EFD57" authorityName=", Gary Graves" authorityYear="1987" box="[1332,1436,657,683]" class="Aves" family="Grallariidae" genus="Grallaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blakei">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB3745EFAA4FD3EFA2EFD57" box="[1332,1436,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. blakei</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="09F64D4BFFB3745EFF58FD1AFEFCFD33" authorityName="Hosner, Robbins, Isler, & Chesser" authorityYear="2020" box="[200,334,693,719]" class="Aves" family="Grallariidae" genus="Grallaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="centralis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB3745EFF58FD1AFEFCFD33" box="[200,334,693,719]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. centralis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
; consequently, the plumage of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="09F64D4BFFB3745EFD22FD1AFC9DFD33" authorityName="Cuervo, Cadena, Isler, & Chesser" authorityYear="2020" box="[690,815,693,719]" class="Aves" family="Grallariidae" genus="Grallaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alvarezi">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB3745EFD22FD1AFC9DFD33" box="[690,815,693,719]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. alvarezi</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is distinct from its geographical neighbor
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="09F64D4BFFB3745EFA84FD1AFA27FD33" authorityName="Domaniewski & Stolzmann" authorityYear="1918" box="[1300,1429,693,719]" class="Aves" family="Grallariidae" genus="Grallaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saturata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB3745EFA84FD1AFA27FD33" box="[1300,1429,693,719]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. saturata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. The northern range limit of this new species are the peaks of PNN Paramillo, but determining the southern boundary awaits additional field work. We had no specimens in fresh plumage nor vocal recordings from south of PNN Tatamá in western
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="0C32F82AFFB3745EFEE0FC8EFE6FFCC7" box="[368,477,801,827]" country="Colombia" name="Risaralda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Risaralda</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
. Specimens from Farallones de Cali and Cerro Munchique appear to be even darker than the
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="114D886AFFB3745EFF67FCE9FE95FC9C" box="[247,295,838,864]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
series in
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="0C32F82AFFB3745EFE02FCEAFE4EFCA3" box="[402,508,837,863]" country="Colombia" name="Risaralda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Risaralda</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="0C32F82AFFB3745EFDA0FCEAFD16FCA3" box="[560,676,837,863]" country="Colombia" name="Antioquia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Antioquia</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
. Field work in the isolated upper montane forests and treeline of the Western Andes in Cerro Calima, Farallones de Cali, and Cerro Munchique would help elucidate the range limits of this species, and of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="09F64D4BFFB3745EFEFEFC22FE5EFC5B" authorityName="Domaniewski & Stolzmann" authorityYear="1918" box="[366,492,909,935]" class="Aves" family="Grallariidae" genus="Grallaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saturata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB3745EFEFEFC22FE5EFC5B" box="[366,492,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. saturata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. A single vocal recording attributed to Cerro Munchique appears to be of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="09F64D4BFFB3745EFA87FC22FA27FC5B" authorityName="Domaniewski & Stolzmann" authorityYear="1918" box="[1303,1429,909,935]" class="Aves" family="Grallariidae" genus="Grallaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saturata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="FC82EADAFFB3745EFA87FC22FA27FC5B" box="[1303,1429,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. saturata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, but the precise location of the recording (slope and elevation) is unknown.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|