167 lines
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167 lines
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<document id="7C6C29B9422366799BA3600309C36F37" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.213299" ID-GBIF-Dataset="24078a23-1f4d-4fbd-af23-9c258883170a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="213299" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460461657903" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Nakahara, Sueo & Foottit, Robert G." docDate="2012" docId="1157AE72141BFFB189A85F98FB68FB62" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03251p029.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3251" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Chirothrips Haliday" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="12" masterDocId="ED6ED60A1410FFBA893F5F0FFFD1FFF6" masterDocTitle="Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species" masterLastPageNumber="29" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1698304135388" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="8E0429CC2E4EB32BC105220C86F593FA">
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<mods:title id="E9133C71169BEDD27B201FCF74B03250">Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EBA324BAB32F2918ADF351B8E2F2575C">Nakahara, Sueo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="7D80A8FC659DAB70AC26D3D79B0A868B" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="6B2738D07B54F9DF30F995F6662CCF09">Foottit, Robert G.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="5B006A58E82B76AE166D8BF54D611E06">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="E1C02CD6056C09C0038C5A2EE0C82D0F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="F3C0EFCDD1C60DD10A1491E847A88E4A">
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<mods:date id="7228C40EECE44BB457463019FC814ECB">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="120320DC9E704BA8894F9996AD96BB09" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="52964C21E7BA7A007E7255D6A31BD966">3251</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="6933AE8A184FF632CED882A29FF26B0D">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="353C0C771993B2E71ACBEC517279037F" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.213299</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A043F45E3CDAA5109482C2F432A8FCC6" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4DDC7EC089F7BFD8764C35F9AE148BC5" type="Zenodo-Dep">213299</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="1157AE72141BFFB189A85F98FB68FB62" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6180018" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119512516" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6180018" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1157AE72141BFFB189A85F98FB68FB62" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE72141BFFB189A85F98FB68FB62" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<subSubSection id="D1E44CEF141BFFB189A85F98FE5CFF47" box="[151,397,151,177]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="99411F64141BFFB189A85F98FE5CFF47" blockId="11.[151,397,151,177]" box="[151,397,151,177]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<heading id="C209A808141BFFB189A85F98FE5CFF47" bold="true" box="[151,397,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="5EFE64E7141BFFB189A85F98FE5CFF47" ID-CoL="62M7P" authority="Haliday" authorityName="Haliday" box="[151,397,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Chirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="AB8AC376141BFFB189A85F98FE5CFF47" bold="true" box="[151,397,151,177]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="AB8AC376141BFFB189A85F98FEF2FF47" bold="true" box="[151,291,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Chirothrips</emphasis>
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Haliday
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D1E44CEF141BFFB189A85FD0FDF1FEE4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="99411F64141BFFB189A85FD0FDF1FEE4" blockId="11.[151,1340,222,275]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="B9EE384A141BFFB189A85FD0FDF1FEE4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<taxonomicName id="5EFE64E7141BFFB189A85FD0FF08FF03" ID-CoL="7WCM" box="[151,217,223,245]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Thrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="AB8AC376141BFFB189A85FD0FF08FF03" box="[151,217,223,245]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Thrips</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="5EFE64E7141BFFB1887B5FD0FDAEFF02" ID-CoL="62M7P" authority="Haliday 1836: 444" authorityName="Haliday" authorityPageNumber="444" authorityYear="1836" box="[324,639,222,245]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Chirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="AB8AC376141BFFB1887B5FD0FE68FF03" box="[324,441,223,245]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Chirothrips</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="185F3975141BFFB188805FD1FDAEFF02" author="Haliday" box="[447,639,222,244]" page="444" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1836">
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<bibRefCitation id="FD6F6295141BFFB188805FD1FD9DFF02" author="Haliday" box="[447,588,222,244]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Haliday, A. H. (1836) An epitome of the British genera in the order Thysanoptera, with indications of a few of the species. Entomologist Magazine, 3, 444." type="journal article" year="1836">Haliday 1836</bibRefCitation>
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: 444
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="4645A1C6141BFFB18BB75FD0FD6BFF02" box="[648,698,223,244]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Type</typeStatus>
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Species:
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<taxonomicName id="5EFE64E7141BFFB18A235FD0FB77FF02" authority="Haliday" authorityName="Haliday" box="[796,1190,222,245]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Thrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manicata" subGenus="Chirothrips">
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<emphasis id="AB8AC376141BFFB18A235FD0FC8FFF03" box="[796,862,223,245]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Thrips</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="AB8AC376141BFFB18A535FD0FC30FF03" box="[876,993,223,245]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Chirothrips</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="AB8AC376141BFFB18ACF5FEFFB9EFF03" box="[1008,1103,224,245]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">manicata</emphasis>
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Haliday
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</taxonomicName>
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, by monotypy.
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<taxonomicName id="5EFE64E7141BFFB189A85FF2FDCDFEE4" ID-CoL="62M7P" authority="Amyot and Serville 1843" authorityName="Amyot and Serville" authorityYear="1843" box="[151,540,253,275]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Chirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="AB8AC376141BFFB189A85FF2FEDDFEE5" box="[151,268,253,275]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Chirothrips</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="FD6F6295141BFFB188265FF2FDCDFEE4" author="Amyot" box="[281,540,253,275]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Amyot, F. & Serville, A. (1843) Historie naturelles des insectes Hemipteres, (Append.), Paris, p. 642. Andre, F. (1939) A synopsis of the American species of Chirothrips Haliday (Thysanoptera). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 41, 192 - 204." type="journal article" year="1843">Amyot and Serville 1843</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D1E44CEF141BFFB189A85E4FFF2DFCA6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
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<paragraph id="99411F64141BFFB189A85E4FFC40FD49" blockId="11.[151,1437,319,1172]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="AB8AC376141BFFB189A85E4FFF3FFEAE" bold="true" box="[151,238,320,344]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Female</emphasis>
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. Macropterous or rarely brachypterous. Antennal segment I not enlarged and less than 2.5 times as wide base of II; II symmetrical, asymmetrical, apical part angulate or produced laterally, thin seta on apex of angulation or process or 1 or 2 setae subapical on lateral margin. Head slightly to greatly produced anterior of eyes; vertex with 12 or fewer pairs of short setae, venter with normal bristle-like setae. Pronotum with 2 pairs of well developed posteroangular setae, and relatively few short discal setae; basantra membranous, setae absent; prospinasternum a sclerotized band with conical spina. Fore tibia without outer apical process. Mesonotum with bristle-like median setae far anterior of posterior margin; posterior setae on margin or slightly anterior; mesosternal furcal invaginations approximated. Metanotum with 2 pairs of bristle-like setae. Abdominal tergites with sculpture lines oriented transversely or anastomosing; tergites with posteromarginal lobes, or continuous transverse flange, extending from posterior margin or slightly overlapping tergite. Abdominal sternites with or without posteromarginal flange or lobes. Ovipositor usually well developed.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="99411F64141BFFB189F65DC3FF2DFCA6" blockId="11.[151,1437,319,1172]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="AB8AC376141BFFB189F65DC3FEDCFD12" bold="true" box="[201,269,716,740]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Male.</emphasis>
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Brachypterous. Smaller than females. Head without ocelli; mesosternal furcal invaginations slightly separated in male of
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<taxonomicName id="5EFE64E7141BFFB188B95DFFFDC2FCFE" box="[390,531,752,776]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Chirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aculeatus">
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<emphasis id="AB8AC376141BFFB188B95DFFFDC2FCFE" box="[390,531,752,776]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. aculeatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and in occasional male of other species; other anatomical structures may differ from those of females in shapes and sizes, or may be present or absent. Glandular areas present on abdominal sternites.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D1E44CEF141BFFB189F65C54FB68FB62" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="99411F64141BFFB189F65C54FB68FB62" blockId="11.[151,1437,319,1172]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="AB8AC376141BFFB189F65C54FE80FC82" bold="true" box="[201,337,859,884]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Comments.</emphasis>
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With the assignment of 16 species previously in
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<taxonomicName id="5EFE64E7141BFFB18AB15C53FBDEFC82" box="[910,1039,860,884]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Chirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="AB8AC376141BFFB18AB15C53FBDEFC82" box="[910,1039,860,884]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Chirothrips</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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to
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<taxonomicName id="5EFE64E7141BFFB18D065C53FB6DFC82" box="[1081,1212,860,884]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Arorathrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="AB8AC376141BFFB18D065C53FB6DFC82" box="[1081,1212,860,884]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Arorathrips</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, one to
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<taxonomicName id="5EFE64E7141BFFB18C215C53FA4DFC82" box="[1310,1436,860,884]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Konothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="AB8AC376141BFFB18C215C53FA4DFC82" box="[1310,1436,860,884]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Konothrips</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and one to
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<taxonomicName id="5EFE64E7141BFFB188255C8FFE6CFC6E" box="[282,445,896,920]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Oelschlaegera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="AB8AC376141BFFB188255C8FFE6CFC6E" box="[282,445,896,920]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Oelschlaegera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 17 species remain in this genus in the New World.
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<taxonomicName id="5EFE64E7141BFFB18D1E5C8FFB75FC6E" box="[1057,1188,896,920]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Arorathrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="AB8AC376141BFFB18D1E5C8FFB75FC6E" box="[1057,1188,896,920]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Arorathrips</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="5EFE64E7141BFFB18DE05C8FFA8CFC6E" box="[1247,1373,896,920]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Konothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="AB8AC376141BFFB18DE05C8FFA8CFC6E" box="[1247,1373,896,920]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Konothrips</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have separated mesosternal furcal invaginations, enlarged antennal segment I, and segment II is strongly angulate or prolonged anterior laterally, with an apical or subapical sense cone or seta. In
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<taxonomicName id="5EFE64E7141BFFB18D3C5CC7FB54FC16" box="[1027,1157,968,992]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Chirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="AB8AC376141BFFB18D3C5CC7FB54FC16" box="[1027,1157,968,992]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Chirothrips</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the invaginations of the mesosternal furca are not separated (except for males of some species), antennal segment I is not enlarged, segment II is symmetrical or asymmetrically angulate or produced anterior laterally and with small apical or subapical setae. The differences between
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<taxonomicName id="5EFE64E7141BFFB188885B3BFDE8FBBA" box="[439,569,1076,1100]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Chirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="AB8AC376141BFFB188885B3BFDE8FBBA" box="[439,569,1076,1100]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Chirothrips</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="5EFE64E7141BFFB18B4B5B3BFCC6FBBA" box="[628,791,1076,1100]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Oelschlaegera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="AB8AC376141BFFB18B4B5B3BFCC6FBBA" box="[628,791,1076,1100]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Oelschlaegera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are discussed in the comments for the latter genus. The adventive species are
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<taxonomicName id="5EFE64E7141BFFB188B15B57FD35FB86" authority="Bagnall" authorityName="Bagnall" box="[398,740,1112,1136]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Chirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aculeatus">
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<emphasis id="AB8AC376141BFFB188B15B57FD53FB86" box="[398,642,1112,1136]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Chirothrips aculeatus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Bagnall
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="5EFE64E7141BFFB18BCF5B57FC00FB86" authority="Trybom" authorityName="Trybom" box="[752,977,1112,1136]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Chirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hamatus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="AB8AC376141BFFB18BCF5B57FCA0FB86" box="[752,881,1112,1136]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. hamatus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Trybom
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
and
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="5EFE64E7141BFFB18D365B57FB2FFB86" authority="Haliday" authorityName="Haliday" box="[1033,1278,1112,1136]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Chirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manicatus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="AB8AC376141BFFB18D365B57FB4FFB86" box="[1033,1182,1112,1136]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. manicatus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Haliday
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
from Europe, and
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="5EFE64E7141BFFB189F95B72FE64FB62" authority="Williams" authorityName="Williams" box="[198,437,1148,1172]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Chirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="AB8AC376141BFFB189F95B72FE94FB62" box="[198,325,1148,1172]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. frontalis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Williams
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
, possibly from southern Africa (although described from
|
||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="E1E95FF4141BFFB18D065B73FB7FFB62" box="[1081,1198,1148,1172]" name="Argentina" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
</treatment>
|
||
|
|
</document>
|