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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.165.55948" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6ff8d739-21dc-4fd2-b012-f516d5525103" ID-PMC="PMC7642159" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-165-27" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FACD36B5F24A57F3AD4B88EEDC3EE9B5" ID-PubMed="33192144" ModsDocID="1314-2003-165-27" checkinTime="1603924992291" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Soreng, Robert J., Sylvester, Steven P., Sylvester, Mitsy D. P. V. &amp; Clark, Vincent Ralph" docDate="2020" docId="0922D2D7A7005583A0339418E5D0C393" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 165: 27-50" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 165" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.165.55948" docTitle="Poa binata Nees, Fl. Afr. Austral. Ill. 378. 1841" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="FACD36B5F24A57F3AD4B88EEDC3EE9B5" lastPageNumber="27" masterDocId="FACD36B5F24A57F3AD4B88EEDC3EE9B5" masterDocTitle="New records and key to Poa (Pooideae, Poaceae) from the Flora of Southern Africa region and notes on taxa including a diclinous breeding system in Poa binata" masterLastPageNumber="50" masterPageNumber="27" pageNumber="27" updateTime="1668140099267" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>New records and key to Poa (Pooideae, Poaceae) from the Flora of Southern Africa region and notes on taxa including a diclinous breeding system in Poa binata</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Soreng, Robert J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC 20560, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8358-4915</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">sorengr@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sylvester, Steven P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Long Pan Road No. 159, Nanjing, 210037, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5577-8782</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sylvester, Mitsy D. P. V.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Long Pan Road No. 159, Nanjing, 210037, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3582-0327</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Clark, Vincent Ralph</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Afromontane Research Unit and Department of Geography, University of the Free State, Qwaqwa Campus, Phuthaditjhaba, 9866, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5058-0742</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>165</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>27</mods:start>
<mods:end>50</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.165.55948</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.165.55948</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-165-27</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FACD36B5F24A57F3AD4B88EEDC3EE9B5</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="168653234" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0922D2D7A7005583A0339418E5D0C393" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0922D2D7A7005583A0339418E5D0C393" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName LSID="0922D2D7-A700-5583-A033-9418E5D0C393" authority="Nees, Fl. Afr. Austral. Ill. 378. 1841." class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poa binata" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="binata">Poa binata Nees, Fl. Afr. Austral. Ill. 378. 1841.</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Poa binata. A whole plants B basal part of plant showing fibrous basal sheaths C, D portions of inflorescence. Image A of S. P. Sylvester et al. 3489 (US) B of S. P. Sylvester et al. 3412 (US) C of S. P. Sylvester et al. 3518 (US) D of S. P. Sylvester et al. 3677 (US)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.165.55948.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/468629" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
=
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stapf" authorityYear="1900" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poa atherstonei" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="atherstonei">Poa atherstonei</taxonomicName>
Stapf, Fl. Cape. 7: 713. 1900. Type: SOUTH AFRICA. Central Region: Graaff Reinet. Div., summit of Compass Berg, Atherstone 46 (holotype: K (K000345194 [image!]); isotype: PRE fragm. ex K!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
=
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stapf" authorityYear="1900" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poa bidentata" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bidentata">Poa bidentata</taxonomicName>
Nees, Fl. Afr. Austral. Ill. 3-379. 1841. Type: SOUTH AFRICA. (without precise location), Zeyher s.n. [1832] (holotype: K (K000345195 [image!]); isotype: PRE fragm. ex K!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
=
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poa heterogama" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterogama">Poa heterogama</taxonomicName>
Hack., Rec. Albany Mus. 1: 112. 1904. Type: SOUTH AFRICA. Kentani, [valleys after grass fire, 1000 ft [305 m], frequent], Aug 1902 [1904 on BM and BOL isotypes; 4 Oct 1904 on GRA isotype; Oct 1904 on K isotypes], Mis Alice Pegler No. 50 (holotype: W (W19160014385 [image!); isotypes: BM (BM000922785 [image!]), BOL (BOL139269 [image!]), GRA (GRA0000194-0 [image!]), K (K000345191 [image!], K000345192 [image!]), PRE (PRE0029722!), US (US00956065 fragm. ex W!)).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
[South Africa. Eastern Cape:] In montibus inter Katrivier et Klipplaatarivier flumina locis graminocis et paludosis alt. 4000-5000' [1219-1525 m], atque in monte Los Tafelberg. alt. 6000' [1829 m],
<normalizedToken originalValue="Drège">Drege</normalizedToken>
s.n. (lectotype, &quot;9/11 32. [9 Nov 1832] Sumpf auf Gras[
<normalizedToken originalValue="flächen">flaechen</normalizedToken>
{or}
<normalizedToken originalValue="plätzen">plaetzen</normalizedToken>
?].auf dem Katberg, 4000-5000' [1219-1525 m], | af (I af.&quot; {original
<normalizedToken originalValue="Drège">Drege</normalizedToken>
ticket}, {second ticket:} &quot;&amp;. c. 389b |
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poa binata" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="binata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Poa binata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
N.ab. E. | 27)&quot; (lectotype,
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">designated here</emphasis>
: P (P00434748 [image!])).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">- sect. unplaced.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Lesotho, South Africa, reaching Zimbabwe. Native, endemic to southern Africa.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">cool temperate grasslands.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="flowering">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Flowering.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">December to March.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="economics">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Economics.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">common, an important component of high elevation grasslands.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="vouchers">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Vouchers.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Lesotho</emphasis>
. AfriSki area, in valley adjoining and northwest of the valley of the AfriSki resort, on the north side of the A1 highway,
<geoCoordinate degrees="28.808394" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-28.808393">S28.808394</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate degrees="28.708658" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="28.708658">E28.708658</geoCoordinate>
, 3104 m alt., basaltic substrate, dry upper slopes above valley, 27 Feb 2020, S.P. Sylvester et al. 3653 (NU, PRE, US); Bokong Nature Reserve, ca. 350 m north from the information centre,
<geoCoordinate degrees="29.067203" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-29.067204">S29.067203</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate degrees="28.421496" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="28.421495">E28.421496</geoCoordinate>
, 2972 m alt., basaltic substrate, Afro-alpine grassland dominated by
<taxonomicName authority="var. barbuligera" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Lachnagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lachnagrostis barbuligera subsp. var. var. barbuligera" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="barbuligera" subSpecies="var." variety="barbuligera">Lachnagrostis barbuligera var. barbuligera</taxonomicName>
with moderately-controlled grazing and burning, 2 Mar 2020, S.P. Sylvester et al. 3677 (NU, PRE, US); Bokong Nature Reserve, east of Mafica Lisiu Pass, below the ridge south of the road,
<geoCoordinate degrees="29.066689" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-29.066689">S29.066689</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate degrees="28.40595" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="28.40595">E28.40595</geoCoordinate>
, 3100 m alt., basaltic substrate, Afro-alpine grassland E, facing burned slope, dominant grass, rich organic topsoil, with many orchids and
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Senecio" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Senecio macrocephalus" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocephalus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Senecio macrocephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 3 Mar 2020, S.P. Sylvester et al. 3698 (NU, PRE, US); Matebeng Pass, below highest summit close to the pass,
<geoCoordinate degrees="29.868524" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-29.868525">S29.868524</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate degrees="28.976439" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="28.976439">E28.976439</geoCoordinate>
, 3125 m alt., basaltic substrate, &quot;Lesotho Highland Basalt Grassland&quot; with clear elements of &quot;Drakensberg Afro-alpine Heathland&quot; with
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Erica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Erica" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Erica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Helichrysum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Helichrysum" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Helichrysum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shrubs dominating the landscape, heavy horse grazing, 22 Feb 2020S.P. Sylvester et al. 3582b (NU, PRE, US); Menoaneng Pass, on road between Rafolatsane and Thaba-Tseka,
<geoCoordinate degrees="29.427403" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-29.427402">S29.427403</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate degrees="28.951124" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="28.951124">E28.951124</geoCoordinate>
, 3039 m alt., basaltic substrate, Afro-alpine grassland, windy ridge, grazed by horses down to low turf, 24 Feb 2020, S.P. Sylvester et al. 3598 (PRE, US); Sani Pass area, ca. 250 m east of Sani Mountain Lodge,
<geoCoordinate degrees="29.584906" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-29.584906">S29.584906</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate degrees="29.291216" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="29.291216">E29.291216</geoCoordinate>
, 2882 m alt., basaltic substrate, short Afro-alpine grassland, frequently to heavily grazed, soil gravelly loam to 5 cm deep, 25 Feb 2020, S.P. Sylvester et al. 3616 (NU, PRE, US); Sehlabathebe National Park, lower end of the park on the border,
<geoCoordinate degrees="29.860061" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-29.860062">S29.860061</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate degrees="29.095497" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="29.095497">E29.095497</geoCoordinate>
, 2719 m alt., basaltic substrate, wet Afro-alpine tussock grassland, soil damp, under dripping crag, heavily grazed, close to livestock paths, 19 Feb 2020, S.P. Sylvester et al. 3525 (NU, PRE, US); Sehlabathebe National Park, lower end of the park on the border,
<geoCoordinate degrees="29.877593" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-29.877592">S29.877593</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate degrees="29.086461" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="29.08646">E29.086461</geoCoordinate>
, 2606 m alt., basaltic substrate, wet Afro-alpine tussock grassland, soil damp, not grazed recently, 20 Feb 2020, S.P. Sylvester et al. 3541 (NU, PRE, US); Tsehlanyane National Park, along path next to 'Black
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pool’">Pool'</normalizedToken>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="28.900154" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-28.900154">S28.900154</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate degrees="28.452053" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="28.452053">E28.452053</geoCoordinate>
, 2120 m alt., basaltic substrate,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Leucosidea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leucosidea" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Leucosidea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
woodland, S facing slope, 4 Mar 2020, S.P. Sylvester et al. 3705 (NU, PRE, US).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">South Africa</emphasis>
. Eastern Cape: Barclay Pass area, Mountain Shadows Hotel, in grassy field behind guest bungalows,
<geoCoordinate degrees="31.203522" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-31.203522">S31.203522</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate degrees="27.838044" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="27.838043">E27.838044</geoCoordinate>
, 2052 m alt., basaltic substrate, remnant patch of ungrazed native upland grassland, on east facing slope, 14 Feb 2020, S.P. Sylvester et al. 3518 (NU, PRE, US); Eastern Cape: Naudes Nek pass, near Rhodes,
<geoCoordinate degrees="30.764792" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-30.764791">S30.764792</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate degrees="28.105164" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="28.105164">E28.105164</geoCoordinate>
, 2589 m alt., basaltic substrate, alpine tussock grassland, gently sloping, good soil, 13 Feb 2020, S.P. Sylvester et al. 3489 (US [3 sheets]); Eastern Cape: Tiffindell Ski Area,
<geoCoordinate degrees="30.649239" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-30.649239">S30.649239</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate degrees="27.928720" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="27.92872">E27.928720</geoCoordinate>
, 2845 m alt., basaltic substrate, alpine grassland, 10 Feb 2020, S.P. Sylvester et al. 3448 (US); Eastern Cape: Tiffindell Ski Area, next to ski lift,
<geoCoordinate degrees="30.651034" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-30.651033">S30.651034</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate degrees="27.925149" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="27.92515">E27.925149</geoCoordinate>
, 2778 m alt., basaltic substrate, alpine grassland, annually burnt, appears to be seeded with exotic species, 10 Feb 2020, S.P. Sylvester et al. 3453 (NU, PRE, US); Eastern Cape: Tiffindell Ski Area, Ben Macdhui summit,
<geoCoordinate degrees="30.647683" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-30.647682">S30.647683</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate degrees="27.934042" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="27.934042">E27.934042</geoCoordinate>
, 2995 m alt., basaltic substrate, alpine grassland, 11 Feb 2020, S.P. Sylvester et al. 3458a (NU, PRE, US); Eastern Cape: Tiffindell Ski Area, Ben Macdhui summit,
<geoCoordinate degrees="30.647683" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-30.647682">S30.647683</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate degrees="27.934042" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="27.934042">E27.934042</geoCoordinate>
, 2995 m alt., basaltic substrate, alpine grassland, 11 Feb 2020, S.P. Sylvester et al. 3458b (US); Eastern Cape: Tiffindell Ski Area,
<geoCoordinate degrees="30.676696" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-30.676697">S30.676696</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate degrees="27.958347" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="27.958347">E27.958347</geoCoordinate>
, 2522 m alt., basaltic substrate, alpine tussock grassland, 12 Feb 2020, S.P. Sylvester et al. 3481a (NU, PRE, US); Free State: Sentinel trail before reaching the chain ladders that take you up to Amphitheatre,
<geoCoordinate degrees="28.740954" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-28.740953">S28.740954</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate degrees="28.886656" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="28.886656">E28.886656</geoCoordinate>
, 2857 m alt., basaltic substrate, ungrazed mesic alpine grassland on steep N-facing slope, 5 Feb 2020, S.P. Sylvester et al. 3412 (NU, PRE, US); Kwazulu-Natal: Amphitheatre, slopes near the Tugela waterfall,
<geoCoordinate degrees="28.754008" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-28.754007">S28.754008</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate degrees="28.893853" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="28.893852">E28.893853</geoCoordinate>
, 2983 m alt., basaltic substrate, alpine grassland, 5 Feb 2020, S.P. Sylvester et al. 3404 (PRE, US); Kwazulu-Natal: Amphitheatre, slopes near the Tugela waterfall,
<geoCoordinate degrees="28.754498" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-28.754498">S28.754498</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate degrees="28.892780" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="28.89278">E28.892780</geoCoordinate>
, 2979 m alt., basaltic substrate, alpine grassland, 5 Feb 2020, S.P. Sylvester et al. 3407 (US); Kwazulu-Natal: Sani Pass area, below southwest facing cliffs to the southeast of Sani Mountain Lodge,
<geoCoordinate degrees="29.585365" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-29.585365">S29.585365</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate degrees="29.290839" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="29.290838">E29.290839</geoCoordinate>
, 2866 m alt., basaltic substrate, short Afro-alpine grassland, frequently to heavily grazed, 26 Feb 2020, S.P. Sylvester et al. 3638 (PRE, US).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poa binata" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="binata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Poa binata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a common species in the upper Maloti-Drakensberg mountains. In areas with enough moisture and low grazing pressure, the species can be the dominant grass species, forming dense tussocks to 0.5 m diameter. As in many large grass tussocks, a few shoots can appear to be rhizomatous, but are actually stooling shoots as in
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. bidentata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="bidentata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">P. bidentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see below). Under high grazing pressure, plants become smaller and weaker and sparsely distributed. Plants seem to tolerate burning well. The species displays unusual diversity in lemma pubescence, varying from glabrous to pubescent on three veins, to pubescent on five veins and sometimes between veins and callus hairs may be present or absent. Flowers are pistillate and/or perfect within plants, anthers are 1.5-2.7 mm long or vestigial. 2
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">n</emphasis>
= 28, 42, 56. -
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Ha</emphasis>
genotype (Gillespie and Soreng, unpublished).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
The species exhibits a diclinous breeding system. Most species of
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poa" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Poa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are hermaphroditic. Dicliny occurs in about one quarter of the species of
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poa" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Poa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
examined and ranges from simple gynomonoecy to full dioecy (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12647" author="Soreng, RJ" journalOrPublisher="Madrono" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" refId="B23" refString="Soreng, RJ, Olonova, MV, Probatova, NS, Gillespie, LJ, 2020. Breeding systems and phylogeny in Poa L., with special attention to Northeast Asia: the problem of Poashumushuensis Ohwi and sect. Nivicolae (Poaceae). Journal of Systematics and Evolution. [Early view doi:] https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12647" title="Breeding systems and phylogeny in Poa L., with special attention to Northeast Asia: the problem of Poashumushuensis Ohwi and sect. Nivicolae (Poaceae). Journal of Systematics and Evolution. [Early view doi:]" url="https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12647" year="2020">Soreng et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
). In
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. binata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="binata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">P. binata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, many plants have spikelets with pistillate upper flowers. Other plants exhibit more pistillate flowers within spikelets and wholly pistillate spikelets. The latter are concentrated on the lower branches of panicles. Some plants were judged to be completely pistillate. The sterile rudiments of anthers (staminodes), present in pistillate flowers, are believed to result from genetic control, not from apomixis. All other florets, spikelets and sometimes whole plants examined were perfect-flowered. The breeding system of
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. binata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="binata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">P. binata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
needs further study, but seems to match sequential gynomonoecy as described by
<bibRefCitation author="Soreng, RJ" journalOrPublisher="Madrono" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" pagination="300 - 306" refId="B22" refString="Soreng, RJ, Keil, DJ, 2003. [2004]) Sequentially adjusted sex-ratios in gynomonoecism, and Poa diaboli (Poaceae), a new species from California. Madrono 50 (4): 300 - 306" title="[2004]) Sequentially adjusted sex-ratios in gynomonoecism, and Poa diaboli (Poaceae), a new species from California." volume="50" year="2003">Soreng and Keil (2003)</bibRefCitation>
. This breeding system is estimated by RJS to occur in 28 species equally divided between the Americas and east Asia (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12647" author="Soreng, RJ" journalOrPublisher="Madrono" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" refId="B23" refString="Soreng, RJ, Olonova, MV, Probatova, NS, Gillespie, LJ, 2020. Breeding systems and phylogeny in Poa L., with special attention to Northeast Asia: the problem of Poashumushuensis Ohwi and sect. Nivicolae (Poaceae). Journal of Systematics and Evolution. [Early view doi:] https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12647" title="Breeding systems and phylogeny in Poa L., with special attention to Northeast Asia: the problem of Poashumushuensis Ohwi and sect. Nivicolae (Poaceae). Journal of Systematics and Evolution. [Early view doi:]" url="https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12647" year="2020">Soreng et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
), almost all of which have anthers averaging 2 mm long or longer.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
The lectotype at P is selected as it is one of two sheets with
<normalizedToken originalValue="Drège’s">Drege's</normalizedToken>
original handwritten location and date, the other original set of tickets being destroyed (
<bibRefCitation author="Gunn, M" journalOrPublisher="South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. Strelizia 36" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" refId="B10" refString="Gunn, M, Codd, LE, 1981. Botanical exploration of Southern Africa. CRC Press, 415 pp." title="Botanical exploration of Southern Africa. CRC Press, 415 pp." year="1981">Gunn and Codd 1981</bibRefCitation>
). The lectotype is clearly distinct from all the others, which may or may not be duplicates of the second collection cited by
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.7585" author="Nees ab Esenbeck, CDG" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" refId="B14" refString="Nees ab Esenbeck, CDG, 1841. Florae Africae Australioris Illustrationes Monographicae I. Gramineae. Glogaviae, Prausnitzainis. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.7585" title="Florae Africae Australioris Illustrationes Monographicae I. Gramineae. Glogaviae, Prausnitzainis." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.7585" year="1841">Nees ab Esenbeck (1841)</bibRefCitation>
. Other syntypes or original material have only secondary notes from Ernst
<normalizedToken originalValue="Meyer’s">Meyer's</normalizedToken>
distribution of
<normalizedToken originalValue="Drège">Drege</normalizedToken>
sets (in 1837, 1840, 1847;
<bibRefCitation author="Meyer, E" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" refId="B13" refString="Meyer, E, 1837, 1840, 1847. Catalogus plantarum exsiccatarum Africae Australioris quas emturis offert - Johann Franz Drege (1837, 1840, 1847)." title="Catalogus plantarum exsiccatarum Africae Australioris quas emturis offert - Johann Franz Drege (1837, 1840, 1847)." year="1837, 1840, 1847">Meyer 1837, 1840, 1847</bibRefCitation>
) or guessed at from other duplicates, some of which may actually have been collected by Zeyer (who joined the
<normalizedToken originalValue="Drège">Drege</normalizedToken>
brothers in 28 Nov 1832 into early December and then collected on his own for some months before departing South Africa, for example, the K000345193 sheet which originally said Zeyer, but that was crossed out and replaced by Dredge and a location where they collected together). For further reading, see
<bibRefCitation author="Gunn, M" journalOrPublisher="South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. Strelizia 36" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" refId="B10" refString="Gunn, M, Codd, LE, 1981. Botanical exploration of Southern Africa. CRC Press, 415 pp." title="Botanical exploration of Southern Africa. CRC Press, 415 pp." year="1981">Gunn and Codd (1981)</bibRefCitation>
. Some of the other distributions say Tafelberg 6000-7000 ft [1829-2134 m], but these may be tertiary writings or collections not used in the protologue, as the protologue did not mention anything above 6000 ft [1819 m]. We have located various specimens:
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<normalizedToken originalValue="….">....</normalizedToken>
7/12 32. [7 Dec 1932] Unter den
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hängen">Haengen</normalizedToken>
vom Los-Tafelberg, 5000-6000' [1524-1829 m], | b (I af. {original
<normalizedToken originalValue="Drège">Drege</normalizedToken>
label} (syntype, P000434747 [image!])
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<normalizedToken originalValue="….">....</normalizedToken>
&quot;
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poa binata" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="binata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Poa binata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
N.ab.E. a&quot; {
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">original ticket from E. Meyer distribution</emphasis>
}, Los Tafelberg, in dem Kranzen und auf feuchten und felsigen, Bergplatte, 6000-7000 fuss [1829-2134 m], December, J.F.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Drège">Drege</normalizedToken>
{penned by someone} (E00200327 [image!])
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<normalizedToken originalValue="….">....</normalizedToken>
&quot;
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poa binata" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="binata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Poa binata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
N.ab.E. a&quot; {
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">original ticket from E. Meyer distribution</emphasis>
} J.F.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Drège">Drege</normalizedToken>
{stamped on that}, in monte Tafelberg 6000' [1829 m], J. F.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Drège">Drege</normalizedToken>
{typed later} (HAL [image!])
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<normalizedToken originalValue="….">....</normalizedToken>
&quot;
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poa binata" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="binata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Poa binata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
N.ab.E. a&quot; {
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">original ticket from E. Meyer 1840 distribution</emphasis>
}, Afr. Austr.,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Drège">Drege</normalizedToken>
, 1840, {old note, year 1840 presumably referring to E Meyer distribution of
<normalizedToken originalValue="Drège">Drege</normalizedToken>
set}, Hb. Benth. Table Mountain, Queenstown Div. 6000-7000 ft {penned by someone} [1829-2134 m] (K000345242 [image!])
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<normalizedToken originalValue="….">....</normalizedToken>
&quot;
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poa binata" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="binata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Poa binata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
N.ab.E. a&quot; {
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">original ticket from E. Meyer distribution</emphasis>
},
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poa binata" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="binata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Poa binata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
N.ab.E., Gramin Africa p. 378 No 2., Africa Austr.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Drège">Drege</normalizedToken>
No. {
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">original duplicate ticket from E. Meyer</emphasis>
?} (BM ex hb. Shuttleworth)
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<normalizedToken originalValue="….">....</normalizedToken>
&quot;
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poa binata" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="binata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Poa binata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
N.ab.E. a 1840, 324&quot; {
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">original ticket from E. Meyer 1840 distribution</emphasis>
}, &quot;Los Tafelberg, in den Kranzen und auf der feuchten und felsigen Bergplatte, 6000-7000 fuss [1829-2134 m], December&quot; {typed ticket} (S-C-4936)
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<normalizedToken originalValue="….">....</normalizedToken>
&quot;
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poa binata" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="binata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Poa binata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
N.ab.E. a&quot; {
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">original ticket from E. Meyer distribution</emphasis>
}, 210
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poa binata" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="binata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Poa binata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
N. ab. E. 117.11 ex Bernhardi herbarium (MO2112449 (bc) 2397251)
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stapf" authorityYear="1900" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poa bidentata" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bidentata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Poa bidentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Nees is usually placed in
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. pratensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="pratensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">P. pratensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but in our opinion, it is merely a stooling example of
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. binata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="binata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">P. binata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It has lemmas that, in addition to having pubescence like
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. pratensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="pratensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">P. pratensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, are quite scabrous in the margins and between the veins, ruling out
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. pratensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="pratensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">P. pratensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. There are various sheets and fragments of
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. atherstonei" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="atherstonei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">P. atherstonei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. binata" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="binata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">P. binata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) at PRE, collected by Ms. Pelger between 1901 and 1914, but only one that matches the date and cited by
<bibRefCitation author="Hackel, E" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Albany Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" pagination="112 - 113" refId="B11" refString="Hackel, E, 1904. On some South African Grasses in the Herbarium of the Albany Museum. Records of the Albany Museum 1 (2): 112 - 113" title="On some South African Grasses in the Herbarium of the Albany Museum." volume="1" year="1904">Hackel (1904)</bibRefCitation>
. That one has lemmas that are glabrous or sparsely pubescent on the keel and marginal veins, web short and scant or absent.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.165.55948.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/468629" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poa binata" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="binata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Poa binata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">A</emphasis>
whole plants
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">B</emphasis>
basal part of plant showing fibrous basal sheaths
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C, D</emphasis>
portions of inflorescence. Image
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">A</emphasis>
of S.P. Sylvester et al. 3489 (US)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">B</emphasis>
of S.P. Sylvester et al. 3412 (US)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C</emphasis>
of S.P. Sylvester et al. 3518 (US)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">D</emphasis>
of S.P. Sylvester et al. 3677 (US).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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