treatments-xml/data/03/92/27/0392270A92142F30489FFF080440FCFF.xml

<document id="7E296B6101197CE210AB31675CA2BFBA" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.650.1.1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13216191" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1722605311978" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Carrión, Juan F. &amp; Amorim, André M." docDate="2024" docId="0392270A92142F30489FFF080440FCFF" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.650.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 650 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.650.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Bernardia fluviatilis J. F. Carrion, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="6" masterDocId="FFAB5F7292152F354817FB5C0704FFE3" masterDocTitle="A new species of Bernardia (Euphorbiaceae, Acalyphoideae) with stellate trichomes from South America" masterLastPageNumber="7" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="2" updateTime="1724369911901" updateUser="carolina" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="1E58FC5D7E2DB524457627FD54BC6C5D">A new species of Bernardia (Euphorbiaceae, Acalyphoideae) with stellate trichomes from South America</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8104AE85C84F1DAEBDC8BADF231D9234">Carrión, Juan F.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B50A2CDA765308786D2D90C994B64906">Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Exactas y Tecnología, Universidad de Panamá, Campus Dr. Octavio Méndez Pereira, apartado 3366, Panama 4, Panama &amp; Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI), SENACYT, Ciudad del Saber, Clayton, Panama, Panama</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9C90CAED49F123D334039708538BF4F3">Amorim, André M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="30B7F608E0C5BC31ED1C90489D97200A">Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Avenida Transnordestina s / n, Novo Horizonte, 44036 - 900, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil &amp; Departamento de Ciências Biológicas. Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Km 16 Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna, 45600 - 970, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="A6C993E910C4B08B8AA07481468A93F9">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="C321C59792142F34489FFF0805E4FB8D" box="[136,736,1108,1135]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B84961C92142F34489FFF0805E4FB8D" blockId="1.[136,736,1108,1135]" box="[136,736,1108,1135]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3BED9F92142F34489FFF0806FAFB8D" authority="J.F. Carrion" authorityName="J. F. Carrion" box="[136,510,1108,1135]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Bernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fluviatilis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92142F34489FFF080676FB8C" bold="true" box="[136,370,1108,1135]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Bernardia fluviatilis</emphasis>
J.F. Carrión
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, 
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92142F344A1DFF09055BFB8D" box="[522,607,1109,1134]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27CF77592142F344A1DFF09055BFB8D" box="[522,607,1109,1134]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13008A9992142F344A7AFF0805D3FB8D" box="[621,727,1108,1134]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="2.[136,229,1922,1944]" captionStartId-1="3.[136,229,1337,1359]" captionTargetBox-0="[330,1251,692,1890]" captionTargetBox-1="[156,1431,196,1304]" captionTargetId-0="figure-239@2.[312,1276,674,1895]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@3.[151,1436,190,1312]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Bernardia fluviatilis. A, fertile branch; B, detail of young branch showing indumentum; C, detail of abaxial leaf surface with basilaminar glands; D, detail of adaxial leaf surface with indumentum; E, detail of abaxial leaf surface with indumentum; F, detail of leaf margin with glandular teeth; G, fruits and staminate inflorescence; H, staminate cymule and flower at anthesis; I, staminate bract in ventral view; J, staminate bracteoles; K, pistillate flower; L, gynoecium; M, pistillate bract; N, pistillate sepal; O, seeds, from left to right in ventral, dorsal and lateral view. Drawings by Klei Sousa, based on Carrión &amp; Antunes 1875." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Bernardia fluviatilis: A, habit; B, fertile branches with detail of leaf blade margin; C, staminate inflorescence with detail of flower; D, fruits. Photographs by J.F. Carrión." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13216195" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13216197" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13216195/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13216197/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Figs. 1–2</figureCitation>
)
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C321C59792142F3448AAFF240329FB39" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B84961C92142F3448AAFF240329FB39" blockId="1.[136,1452,1144,2071]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<materialsCitation id="3B539C4192142F3448AAFF2403F6FB55" collectingDate="2018-11-24" collectionCode="HUEFS" country="Brazil" elevation="120" latitude="-18.039999" location="Porto Amolar" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-57.49111" municipality="Corumba" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Mato Grosso do Sul" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92142F3448AAFF240605FB71" bold="true" box="[189,257,1144,1170]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Type:</emphasis>
— 
<collectingCountry id="F32CD68C92142F344908FF240683FB71" box="[287,391,1144,1170]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="49FF58FE92142F344987FF250571FB71" box="[400,629,1144,1171]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso do Sul" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Mato Grosso do Sul</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE00C6692142F344A97FF2405EFFB71" box="[640,747,1144,1170]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Corumbá</collectingMunicipality>
, 
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, atrás da base da 
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. 
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, 
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, 
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<elevation id="0016712F92142F34489FFFC007D4FB54" box="[136,208,1180,1207]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="m" value="120.0">120 m</elevation>
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elev., 
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<collectingDate id="EFC1493492142F34490DFFC006F0FB55" box="[282,500,1180,1206]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2018-11-24">24 November 2018</collectingDate>
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(
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fl., 
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fl., and fr.), 
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<location id="8EE4C0C792142F344AFAFFC004C2FB55" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392270A92142F30489FFF080440FCFF:8EE4C0C792142F344AFAFFC004C2FB55" box="[749,966,1180,1206]" country="Brazil" latitude="-18.039999" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-57.49111" municipality="Corumba" name="Carrion &amp; Antunes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" stateProvince="Mato Grosso do Sul">Carrión &amp; Antunes</location>
1875
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(
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: 
<collectionCode id="ED2A0ED992142F344C9EFFC003EEFB55" box="[1161,1258,1180,1206]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" name="Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">HUEFS</collectionCode>
!,
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<materialsCitation id="3B539C4192142F344CEDFFC00329FB39" collectionCode="CEPEC, CGMS, COR, K, MO, NY, PMA, RB" country="United States of America" location="US" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="isotype">
<typeStatus id="548028BE92142F344CEDFFC00252FB55" box="[1274,1366,1180,1206]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="isotype">isotypes</typeStatus>
will be sent to the following herbaria: 
<collectionCode id="ED2A0ED992142F3449F6FF9C053FFB39" box="[481,571,1216,1242]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15526" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15526" name="CEPEC, CEPLAC" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">CEPEC</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="ED2A0ED992142F344A51FF9C059CFB39" box="[582,664,1216,1242]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15107" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15107" name="Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">CGMS</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="ED2A0ED992142F344AB4FF9C05DBFB39" box="[675,735,1216,1242]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14331" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14331" name="Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">COR</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="ED2A0ED992142F344AFCFF9D0406FB38" box="[747,770,1217,1243]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="ED2A0ED992142F344B1AFF9C0439FB39" box="[781,829,1216,1242]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="ED2A0ED992142F344B5FFF9D0474FB38" box="[840,880,1217,1243]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15556" name="William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">NY</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="ED2A0ED992142F344B6CFF9C04BFFB39" box="[891,955,1216,1242]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a5s1-0agm" name="Provincial Museum of Alberta" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">PMA</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="ED2A0ED992142F344BD2FF9D04E9FB38" box="[965,1005,1217,1243]" country="Brazil" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15528" name="Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">RB</collectionCode>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F32CD68C92142F344BEEFF9C0325FB39" box="[1017,1057,1216,1242]" name="United States of America" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">US</collectingCountry>
).
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321C59792142F3448AAFFB8026CFA51" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B84961C92142F3448AAFFB8026CFA51" blockId="1.[136,1452,1144,2071]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92142F3448AAFFB80652FB1D" bold="true" box="[189,342,1252,1278]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Diagnosis:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BED9F92142F344941FFB80539FB1D" box="[342,573,1252,1278]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Bernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92142F344941FFB80539FB1D" box="[342,573,1252,1278]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Bernardia fluviatilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BED9F92142F344AF7FFB9039EFB1D" authority="Lourteig &amp; O'Donell" authorityName="Lourteig &amp; O'Donell" box="[736,1178,1252,1278]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Bernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="argentinensis">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92142F344AF7FFB9049DFB1D" box="[736,921,1253,1278]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">B. argentinensis</emphasis>
Lourteig &amp; O’Donell
</taxonomicName>
(in 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAEBED92142F344CC7FFB802A7FB1C" author="Lourteig, A." box="[1232,1443,1252,1279]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="71 - 87" refId="ref4570" refString="Lourteig, A. (1955) Euphorbiaceae argentinae. Addenda II. Arkiv for Botanik 3: 71 - 87." type="journal article" year="1955">Lourteig 1955: 75</bibRefCitation>
) because it is usually monoecious and has a membranaceous leaf blade with stellate trichomes, staminate inflorescences racemiform and elongated, and staminate flowers conspicuously pedicellate, but differs by its young branches covered by a sparsely (vs. densely) sericeous indumentum of simple trichomes (vs. simple and/or stellate trichomes), staminate peduncles 3–6 (vs. 5–25) mm long, cymules scattered (vs. congested to scattered) along the axis of the staminate inflorescences, and staminate flower pedicel usually glabrous (vs. covered by simple and/or stellate trichomes).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321C59792142F3648AAFEE00331F86C" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B84961C92142F3748AAFEE006F1FD6F" blockId="1.[136,1452,1144,2071]" lastBlockId="2.[136,1452,158,652]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92142F3448AAFEE00669FA35" bold="true" box="[189,365,1468,1494]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Description:—</emphasis>
Usually monoecious shrubs, 
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tall, with indumentum of simple and stellate trichomes. Stem and old branches glabrous, lenticellate; branches striate, cylindrical, young branches covered by sparsely sericeous indumentum of simple trichomes. Stipules 0.9–1.5 × 
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, lanceolate, attenuate, rigid, thickened, covered by appressed, simple trichomes, persistent after the leaf falls. Leaves alternate; blade membranaceous, ovate to elliptic, 3–11 × 
<quantity id="4CC33BF992142F3448C8FD100633F984" box="[223,311,1612,1639]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="cm" value="3.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.0">1–5 cm</quantity>
; discolorous; base cuneate; margin serrate, with glandular teeth, basally entire; a conspicuous pair of circular basilaminar glands present, these sometimes reddish, and 3–7 inconspicuous circular glands present around the blade; apex attenuate to acute, sometimes obtuse; abaxial surface pubescent, trichomes stellate, with 3–11 arms, simple trichomes present on the veins and margin, adaxial surface puberulent, trichomes stellate, with 2–9 arms, smaller than those on abaxial surface; venation palmati-pinnate, secondary veins in 5–9 pairs, intersecondary veins percurrent, usually depressed; petiole 
<quantity id="4CC33BF992142F344A3AFC5C058DF8F8" box="[557,649,1792,1819]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="2.0">2–6 mm</quantity>
long, covered by appressed, simple trichomes. Staminate inflorescences axillary, spiciform, 
<quantity id="4CC33BF992142F344972FC7806E7F8DC" box="[357,483,1828,1855]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="cm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.9" valueMin="0.6">0.6–2.9 cm</quantity>
long at anthesis, pedunculate, peduncle 
<quantity id="4CC33BF992142F344BB8FC780309F8DC" box="[943,1037,1828,1855]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="3.0">3–6 mm</quantity>
long, erect, covered with appressed, simple trichomes, bracts (1–)2–10, scattered along the axis, concave, ovate, apex acuminate, 1–1.7 × 
<quantity id="4CC33BF992142F344CFDFC140276F880" box="[1258,1394,1864,1891]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="1.3" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.1">1.1–1.5 mm</quantity>
, pale yellow, thickened, ciliate, outer surface covered with sparse, appressed, simple trichomes, inner surface glabrous; each bract subtending cymules of 3–8 flowers; surrounded by many linear bracteoles, these 
<quantity id="4CC33BF992142F344C63FCCC03EDF848" box="[1140,1257,1936,1963]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="0.75" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5–1 mm</quantity>
long, pubescent. Staminate flowers pedicellate, pedicel articulate, conspicuously exserted to the bract at anthesis, 
<quantity id="4CC33BF992142F344CC8FCE80257F82C" box="[1247,1363,1972,1999]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="3.1" valueMax="4.2" valueMin="2.0">2–4.2 mm</quantity>
long at anthesis, glabrous to glabrescent; sepals 3(–4), valvate, ovate, 0.8–1.1 × 
<quantity id="4CC33BF992142F344BDFFC840357F810" box="[968,1107,2008,2035]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="0.65" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.8 mm</quantity>
, hyphodromous, outer surface with sparse, simple trichomes, these denser at the apex and base, inner surface glabrous; stamens 7–10; filaments 
<quantity id="4CC33BF992172F37489FFBC2060AFF5A" box="[136,270,158,185]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="0.5" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.7 mm</quantity>
long, alternating with shortly stalked segments of dissected disc; anthers 0.1–0.2 × 
<quantity id="4CC33BF992172F374CBCFBC20237FF5A" box="[1195,1331,158,185]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="0.15" valueMax="0.2" valueMin="0.1">0.1–0.2 mm</quantity>
, basifixed, 4-locellate, dehiscent through longitudinal slits, connective emarginate. Pistillate inflorescence terminal, a sessile or shortly glomeruliform cyme, a pedunculate short, spiciform inflorescence, or an individual flower. Pistillate flowers sessile; each one subtended by 3 bracts, these ovate to lanceolate, ciliate, concave, unequal in size and shape, 1.2–1.9 × 
<quantity id="4CC33BF992172F3748B6FA720628FEAA" box="[161,300,302,329]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0499999999999998" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="1.0499999999999998" valueMax="1.4" valueMin="0.7">0.7–1.4 mm</quantity>
, one bract conspicuously broader that the other two bracts, with an acute to attenuate apex, covered by appressed simple trichomes on the outer surface, glabrous on the inner surface, sometimes thickened on the basal sides, appearing glandulate; sepals 4–5, ovate, persistent, 0.8–1.8 × 
<quantity id="4CC33BF992172F374B63FA2A04FFFE72" box="[884,1019,374,401]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="14.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="0.95" valueMax="1.4" valueMin="0.5">0.5–1.4 mm</quantity>
, conspicuously ciliate, hyphodromous, outer surface with sparse, simple, appressed trichomes, inner surface glabrous; ovary globose, sericeous, styles 3(–4), bipartite, recurved, 
<quantity id="4CC33BF992172F374970FAE206F4FE3A" box="[359,496,446,473]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.8 mm</quantity>
long, branches to 
<quantity id="4CC33BF992172F374AD1FAE20424FE3A" box="[710,800,446,473]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
, entire, stigmatic surface smooth, glabrous or sometimes with sparse, adpressed simple trichomes. Fruits globose, trilobed, 4.5–7 × 
<quantity id="4CC33BF992172F374BCAFABE033BFE1E" box="[989,1087,482,509]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="7.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="5.0">5–9 mm</quantity>
, verrucose, green when mature, sparsely sericeous, with persistent styles, bracts, and calyx; sometimes pedicellate, pedicel to 
<quantity id="4CC33BF992172F374CA6F95A03F7FDC2" box="[1201,1267,518,545]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
long; mericarps 2-valved, splitting septicidally then loculicidally; columella 
<quantity id="4CC33BF992172F374B25F97604A2FDA6" box="[818,934,554,581]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="3.25" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.5">2.5–4 mm</quantity>
long, trilobed, persistent. Seeds carinate, 3–5 (long) × 2–4 (deep) × 2.5–3.5 (wide) mm, with sinuate carina, cordiform in ventral view, verrucose to smooth, shiny, buff, sometimes marbled brown.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF44C69492172F37489FFCDE031DF7CB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13216195" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13216195" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13216195/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" startId="2.[136,229,1922,1944]" targetBox="[330,1251,692,1890]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B84961C92172F37489FFCDE031DF7CB" blockId="2.[136,1452,1922,2089]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92172F37489FFCDE07F9F87B" bold="true" box="[136,253,1922,1944]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BED9F92172F374914FCDF06C2F87B" box="[259,454,1923,1944]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Bernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92172F374914FCDF06C2F87B" box="[259,454,1923,1944]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Bernardia fluviatilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A, fertile branch; B, detail of young branch showing indumentum; C, detail of abaxial leaf surface with basilaminar glands; D, detail of adaxial leaf surface with indumentum; E, detail of abaxial leaf surface with indumentum; F, detail of leaf margin with glandular teeth; G, fruits and staminate inflorescence; H, staminate cymule and flower at anthesis; I, staminate bract in ventral view; J, staminate bracteoles; K, pistillate flower; L, gynoecium; M, pistillate bract; N, pistillate sepal; O, seeds, from left to right in ventral, dorsal and lateral view. Drawings by Klei Sousa, based on 
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92172F374B33F34F0317F7CB" box="[804,1043,2067,2088]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Carrión &amp; Antunes 1875</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF44C69492162F36489FFE650547FA90" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13216197" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13216197" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13216197/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" startId="3.[136,229,1337,1359]" targetBox="[156,1431,196,1304]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B84961C92162F36489FFE650547FA90" blockId="3.[136,1451,1337,1395]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92162F36489FFE6507FAFAAD" bold="true" box="[136,254,1337,1359]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BED9F92162F364912FE6506CCFAAD" box="[261,456,1337,1358]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Bernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92162F364912FE6506CCFAAD" box="[261,456,1337,1358]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Bernardia fluviatilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: A, habit; B, fertile branches with detail of leaf blade margin; C, staminate inflorescence with detail of flower; D, fruits. Photographs by J.F. Carrión.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B84961C92162F3648AAFEFD0331F86C" blockId="3.[136,1452,1441,2044]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<materialsCitation id="3B539C4192162F3648AAFEFD0617F9E0" collectingDate="2010-11-23" collectionCode="CGMS" collectorName="Yule" country="Bolivia" county="German Busch" latitude="-18.196972" location="Puerto Isabel" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-57.5105" municipality="Puerto Quijarro" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Santa Cruz" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92162F3648AAFEFD0401FA58" bold="true" box="[189,773,1441,1467]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Additional specimens examined (
<typeStatus id="548028BE92162F364A49FEFD05DEFA58" box="[606,730,1441,1467]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
):—
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F32CD68C92162F364B12FEFD0478FA58" box="[773,892,1441,1467]" name="Bolivia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">BOLIVIA</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="49FF58FE92162F364B99FEFD0312FA58" box="[910,1046,1441,1467]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingCounty id="62E5EE9092162F364C3FFEFD03DEFA58" box="[1064,1242,1441,1467]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Germán Busch</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE00C6692162F364CFAFEFE02ACFA58" box="[1261,1448,1441,1468]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Puerto Quijarro</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8EE4C0C792162F36489FFE9A0624FA3C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392270A92142F30489FFF080440FCFF:8EE4C0C792162F36489FFE9A0624FA3C" box="[136,288,1477,1504]" country="Bolivia" county="German Busch" latitude="-18.196972" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-57.5105" municipality="Puerto Quijarro" name="Puerto Isabel" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" stateProvince="Santa Cruz">Puerto Isabel</location>
, 
<location id="8EE4C0C792162F36493BFE9A06FDFA3C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392270A92142F30489FFF080440FCFF:8EE4C0C792162F36493BFE9A06FDFA3C" box="[300,505,1477,1504]" country="Bolivia" county="German Busch" latitude="-18.196972" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-57.5105" municipality="Puerto Quijarro" name="Laguna Mandiore" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" stateProvince="Santa Cruz">Laguna Mandiore</location>
, 
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, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FF0DB92162F364AB9FE990456FA03" box="[686,850,1477,1504]" degrees="57" direction="west" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="1" seconds="37.8" value="-57.5105">57°30’37.8”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FF85B0DC92162F364B48FE99033FFA3C" box="[863,1083,1477,1503]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2010-11-23">
<collectingDate id="EFC1493492162F364B48FE99033FFA3C" box="[863,1083,1477,1503]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2010-11-23">23 November 2010</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D3D5D9592162F364C5BFE990365FA3C" box="[1100,1121,1477,1503]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
fl., 
<specimenCount id="9D3D5D9592162F364C85FE9A03A3FA03" box="[1170,1191,1478,1504]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
fl., and fr.), 
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92162F364D2DFE9907A0F9E0" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<collectorName id="26CEF3CA92162F364D2DFE99026DFA3C" box="[1338,1385,1477,1503]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Yule</collectorName>
et al. 81
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2A0ED992162F3648A2FEB5060EF9E0" box="[181,266,1513,1539]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15107" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15107" name="Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="Herbarium">CGMS</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="3B539C4192162F364937FEB50260F9C4" collectingDate="2001-05-04" collectionCode="COR, SP" collectorName="Damasceno Junior" country="Brazil" county="Pocone" elevation="100" latitude="-17.850555" location="Ilha Fluvial" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-57.448055" municipality="Morro do Caracara" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">
<collectingCountry id="F32CD68C92162F364937FEB5068DF9E0" box="[288,393,1513,1539]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="49FF58FE92162F364982FEB60529F9E0" box="[405,557,1513,1540]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Mato Grosso</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingCounty id="62E5EE9092162F364A2DFEB5058BF9E0" box="[570,655,1513,1539]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Poconé</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE00C6692162F364A8BFEB60471F9E0" box="[668,885,1513,1540]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Morro do Caracará</collectingMunicipality>
(
<location id="8EE4C0C792162F364B90FEB50315F9E0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392270A92142F30489FFF080440FCFF:8EE4C0C792162F364B90FEB50315F9E0" box="[903,1041,1513,1539]" country="Brazil" county="Pocone" latitude="-17.850555" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-57.448055" municipality="Morro do Caracara" name="Ilha Fluvial" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Ilha Fluvial</location>
), 
<location id="8EE4C0C792162F364C31FEB60270F9E0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392270A92142F30489FFF080440FCFF:8EE4C0C792162F364C31FEB60270F9E0" box="[1062,1396,1513,1540]" country="Brazil" county="Pocone" latitude="-17.850555" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-57.448055" municipality="Morro do Caracara" name="Parque Nacional do Pantanal" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Parque Nacional do Pantanal</location>
, 
<quantity id="4CC33BF992162F364D96FEB5079AF9CB" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="100.0">
<elevation id="0016712F92162F364D96FEB5079AF9CB" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FF0DB92162F3648FFFD510664F9CB" box="[232,352,1549,1576]" degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="51" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" seconds="2" value="-17.850555">17°51’2”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FF0DB92162F36497AFD5106F9F9CB" box="[365,509,1549,1576]" degrees="57" direction="west" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" seconds="53" value="-57.448055">57°26’53”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FF85B0DC92162F364A1EFD510596F9C4" box="[521,658,1549,1576]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2001-05-04">
<collectingDate id="EFC1493492162F364A1EFD510596F9C4" box="[521,658,1549,1576]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2001-05-04">4 May 2001</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D3D5D9592162F364AB5FD5105B3F9C4" box="[674,695,1549,1575]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
fl., 
<specimenCount id="9D3D5D9592162F364AF1FD5205FFF9CB" box="[742,763,1550,1576]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
fl., and fr.), 
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92162F364B9DFD5203DBF9C4" box="[906,1247,1549,1575]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<collectorName id="26CEF3CA92162F364B9DFD52035BF9C4" box="[906,1119,1550,1575]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Damasceno Junior</collectorName>
et al. 2290
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2A0ED992162F364CF8FD510229F9C4" box="[1263,1325,1549,1575]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14331" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14331" name="Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="Herbarium">COR</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="ED2A0ED992162F364D2FFD51025FF9C4" box="[1336,1371,1549,1575]" country="Brazil" name="Instituto de Botânica" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="Herbarium">SP</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B539C4192162F364D67FD5204CCF98C" collectingDate="1980-03-30" collectionCode="N, MO, NY" collectorName="Bernardi" country="United States of America" county="Cerro Pedrera" location="Riacho Navileque" municipality="Cerro Morrino" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Mato Grosso do Sul">
<collectingRegion id="49FF58FE92162F364D67FD520629F9A8" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso do Sul" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Mato Grosso do Sul</collectingRegion>
: “ 
<collectingCounty id="62E5EE9092162F364954FD6D06E1F9A8" box="[323,485,1585,1611]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Cerro Pedrera</collectingCounty>
, circa 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE00C6692162F364A27FD6D05DCF9A8" box="[560,728,1585,1611]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Cerro Morriño</collectingMunicipality>
, sed trans 
<location id="8EE4C0C792162F364B47FD6D031AF9A8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392270A92142F30489FFF080440FCFF:8EE4C0C792162F364B47FD6D031AF9A8" box="[848,1054,1585,1611]" country="United States of America" county="Cerro Pedrera" municipality="Cerro Morrino" name="Riacho Navileque" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" stateProvince="Mato Grosso do Sul">Riacho Navileque</location>
, 
<quantity id="4CC33BF992162F364C3DFD6D0398F9A8" box="[1066,1180,1585,1612]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="km" value="55.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="50.0">
<locationDeviation id="9A368F3E92162F364C3DFD6D0398F9A8" box="[1066,1180,1585,1612]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="km" value="55.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="50.0">50–60 km</locationDeviation>
</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2A0ED992162F364CB3FD6E03BFF9AF" box="[1188,1211,1586,1612]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13092" name="Nanjing University" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="Herbarium">N</collectionCode>
. 
<location id="8EE4C0C792162F364CD0FD6E026AF9A8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392270A92142F30489FFF080440FCFF:8EE4C0C792162F364CD0FD6E026AF9A8" box="[1223,1390,1585,1612]" country="United States of America" county="Cerro Pedrera" municipality="Cerro Morrino" name="Fuerte Olimpo" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" stateProvince="Mato Grosso do Sul">Fuerte Olimpo</location>
, 
<location id="8EE4C0C792162F364D6DFD6D07F1F98C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392270A92142F30489FFF080440FCFF:8EE4C0C792162F364D6DFD6D07F1F98C" country="United States of America" county="Cerro Pedrera" municipality="Cerro Morrino" name="Alto Paraguay" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" stateProvince="Mato Grosso do Sul">Alto Paraguay</location>
”, 
<date id="FF85B0DC92162F36491CFD0906BCF98C" box="[267,440,1621,1647]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1980-03-30">
<collectingDate id="EFC1493492162F36491CFD0906BCF98C" box="[267,440,1621,1647]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1980-03-30">30 March 1980</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D3D5D9592162F3649DCFD0906DAF98C" box="[459,478,1621,1647]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
fl. and fr.), 
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92162F364A72FD090413F98C" box="[613,791,1621,1647]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<collectorName id="26CEF3CA92162F364A72FD0905CDF98C" box="[613,713,1621,1647]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Bernardi</collectorName>
20410
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2A0ED992162F364B30FD09045CF98C" box="[807,856,1621,1647]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="ED2A0ED992162F364B73FD0A0488F993" box="[868,908,1622,1648]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15556" name="William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="Herbarium">NY</collectionCode>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F32CD68C92162F364B80FD0904BBF98C" box="[919,959,1621,1647]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">US</collectingCountry>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B539C4192162F364BC3FD090376F970" collectingDate="1972-07-12" collectionCode="RB" country="United States of America" county="Corumba" elevation="200" location="Jacadigo" municipality="Bolivia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<collectingCounty id="62E5EE9092162F364BC3FD09033BF98C" box="[980,1087,1621,1647]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Corumbá</collectingCounty>
, a 
<quantity id="4CC33BF992162F364C49FD0903A2F993" box="[1118,1190,1621,1648]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="200.0">
<elevation id="0016712F92162F364C49FD0903A2F993" box="[1118,1190,1621,1648]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
da divisa com 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE00C6692162F364D45FD0902A3F98C" box="[1362,1447,1621,1647]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Bolivia</collectingMunicipality>
, estrada do 
<location id="8EE4C0C792162F36491FFD250669F970" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392270A92142F30489FFF080440FCFF:8EE4C0C792162F36491FFD250669F970" box="[264,365,1657,1683]" country="United States of America" county="Corumba" municipality="Bolivia" name="Jacadigo" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Jacadigo</location>
, 
<date id="FF85B0DC92162F36496BFD250510F970" box="[380,532,1657,1683]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1972-07-12">
<collectingDate id="EFC1493492162F36496BFD250510F970" box="[380,532,1657,1683]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1972-07-12">12 July 1972</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D3D5D9592162F364A30FD250538F970" box="[551,572,1657,1683]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
fl., 
<specimenCount id="9D3D5D9592162F364A66FD260582F977" box="[625,646,1658,1684]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
fl., and fr.), 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BED9F92162F364B37FD250328F970" authority="de Jesus 1706" authorityName="de Jesus" authorityYear="1706" box="[800,1068,1657,1683]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Almeida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92162F364B37FD250328F970" box="[800,1068,1657,1683]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Almeida de Jesus 1706</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2A0ED992162F364C57FD25036EF970" box="[1088,1130,1657,1683]" country="Brazil" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15528" name="Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="Herbarium">RB</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B539C4192162F364C96FD2506D6F938" collectingDate="2010-11-25" collectionCode="CGMS" collectorName="Stefanello" country="United States of America" county="Corumba" elevation="645" latitude="-18.019222" location="Morro do Amolar" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-57.53439" municipality="Sub-regiao Pantanal do Paraguai" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1">
ibid., 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE00C6692162F364CD2FD250617F954" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Sub-região Pantanal do Paraguai</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8EE4C0C792162F364937FDC206E8F954" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392270A92142F30489FFF080440FCFF:8EE4C0C792162F364937FDC206E8F954" box="[288,492,1693,1720]" country="United States of America" county="Corumba" latitude="-18.019222" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-57.53439" municipality="Sub-regiao Pantanal do Paraguai" name="Morro do Amolar" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Morro do Amolar</location>
, 
<quantity id="4CC33BF992162F3649EDFDC10540F95B" box="[506,580,1693,1720]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.45" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="645.0">
<elevation id="0016712F92162F3649EDFDC10540F95B" box="[506,580,1693,1720]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.45" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="645.0">645 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FF0DB92162F364A85FDC10424F954" box="[658,800,1693,1719]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="1" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="1" seconds="09.2" value="-18.019222">18°1’09.2”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FF0DB92162F364B39FDC104C0F95B" box="[814,964,1693,1720]" degrees="57" direction="west" minutes="32" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="1" seconds="3.8" value="-57.53439">57°32’3.8”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FF85B0DC92162F364BC5FDC103B4F954" box="[978,1200,1693,1720]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2010-11-25">
<collectingDate id="EFC1493492162F364BC5FDC103B4F954" box="[978,1200,1693,1720]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2010-11-25">25 November 2010</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D3D5D9592162F364CD5FDC103D3F954" box="[1218,1239,1693,1719]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
fl., 
<specimenCount id="9D3D5D9592162F364D1DFDC2021BF95B" box="[1290,1311,1694,1720]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
fl., and fr.), 
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92162F36489FFD9D0662F938" box="[136,358,1729,1755]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<collectorName id="26CEF3CA92162F36489FFD9D07FCF938" box="[136,248,1729,1755]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Stefanello</collectorName>
et al. 258
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2A0ED992162F364962FD9D06CEF938" box="[373,458,1729,1755]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15107" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15107" name="Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="Herbarium">CGMS</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B539C4192162F3649CAFD9D05A0F91C" collectingDate="2010-11-26" collectionCode="CGMS" collectorName="Stefanello" country="United States of America" county="Corumba" elevation="88" latitude="-18.041166" location="Baia do Taquaral" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-57.490612" municipality="Sub-regiao Pantanal do Paraguai" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1">
ibid., 
<location id="8EE4C0C792162F364A0AFD9D05DAF938" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392270A92142F30489FFF080440FCFF:8EE4C0C792162F364A0AFD9D05DAF938" box="[541,734,1729,1755]" country="United States of America" county="Corumba" latitude="-18.041166" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-57.490612" municipality="Sub-regiao Pantanal do Paraguai" name="Baia do Taquaral" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Baía do Taquaral</location>
, 
<quantity id="4CC33BF992162F364AFFFD9D0424F93F" box="[744,800,1729,1756]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="88.0">
<elevation id="0016712F92162F364AFFFD9D0424F93F" box="[744,800,1729,1756]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="88.0">88 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FF0DB92162F364B70FD9D04F1F938" box="[871,1013,1729,1755]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="2" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="1" seconds="28.2" value="-18.041166">18°2’28.2”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FF0DB92162F364C17FD9D03A1F93F" box="[1024,1189,1729,1756]" degrees="57" direction="west" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="1" seconds="26.2" value="-57.490612">57°29’26.2”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FF85B0DC92162F364CA7FD9D0283F938" box="[1200,1415,1729,1755]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2010-11-26">
<collectingDate id="EFC1493492162F364CA7FD9D0283F938" box="[1200,1415,1729,1755]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2010-11-26">26 November 2010</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D3D5D9592162F364D81FD9D02AFF938" box="[1430,1451,1729,1755]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
fl., 
<specimenCount id="9D3D5D9592162F3648B8FDBA07C0F8E3" box="[175,196,1766,1792]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
fl., and fr.), 
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92162F364943FDB90533F91C" box="[340,567,1765,1791]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<collectorName id="26CEF3CA92162F364943FDB906C0F91C" box="[340,452,1765,1791]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Stefanello</collectorName>
et al. 263
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2A0ED992162F364A50FDB90598F91C" box="[583,668,1765,1791]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15107" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15107" name="Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="Herbarium">CGMS</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B539C4192162F364AA7FDB9030AF8C0" collectingDate="2010-11-26" collectionCode="ECOA, CGMS" collectorName="Neves" country="United States of America" county="Corumba" elevation="88" latitude="-18.041166" location="Regiao da Serra do Amolar" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-57.490585" municipality="Sub-regiao Pantanal do Paraguai" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1">
ibid., 
<location id="8EE4C0C792162F364AE5FDB9032CF91C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392270A92142F30489FFF080440FCFF:8EE4C0C792162F364AE5FDB9032CF91C" box="[754,1064,1765,1791]" country="United States of America" county="Corumba" latitude="-18.041166" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-57.490585" municipality="Sub-regiao Pantanal do Paraguai" name="Regiao da Serra do Amolar" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Região da Serra do Amolar</location>
, próximo à 
<collectionCode id="ED2A0ED992162F364CA7FDB903FBF91C" box="[1200,1279,1765,1791]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">ECOA</collectionCode>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FF0DB92162F364D1CFDB902A3F91C" box="[1291,1447,1765,1791]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="02" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="1" seconds="28.2" value="-18.041166">18°02’28.2”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FF0DB92162F36489FFC550629F8C7" box="[136,301,1801,1828]" degrees="57" direction="west" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="1" seconds="26.1" value="-57.490585">57°29’26.1”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FF85B0DC92162F364920FC55050BF8C0" box="[311,527,1801,1827]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2010-11-26">
<collectingDate id="EFC1493492162F364920FC55050BF8C0" box="[311,527,1801,1827]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2010-11-26">26 November 2010</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D3D5D9592162F364A09FC550537F8C0" box="[542,563,1801,1827]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
fl., 
<specimenCount id="9D3D5D9592162F364A48FC560570F8C7" box="[607,628,1802,1828]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
fl., and fr.), 
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92162F364AE8FC5604A6F8C0" box="[767,930,1801,1827]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<collectorName id="26CEF3CA92162F364AE8FC560446F8C0" box="[767,834,1802,1827]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Neves</collectorName>
et al. 68
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2A0ED992162F364BA7FC550301F8C0" box="[944,1029,1801,1827]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15107" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15107" name="Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="Herbarium">CGMS</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B539C4192162F364C0EFC550244F8A4" collectingDate="2018-11-24" collectionCode="HUEFS" collectorName=" Carrion &amp; Antunes" country="United States of America" county="Corumba" elevation="120" latitude="-18.039999" location="Porto Amolar" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-57.49111" municipality="Sub-regiao Pantanal do Paraguai" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
ibid., 
<location id="8EE4C0C792162F364C4EFC5603F5F8C0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392270A92142F30489FFF080440FCFF:8EE4C0C792162F364C4EFC5603F5F8C0" box="[1113,1265,1801,1828]" country="United States of America" county="Corumba" latitude="-18.039999" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-57.49111" municipality="Sub-regiao Pantanal do Paraguai" name="Porto Amolar" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Porto Amolar</location>
, atrás da base 
<collectorName id="26CEF3CA92162F364D86FC5507C7F8AB" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">da Ecoa</collectorName>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FF0DB92162F3648D8FC710640F8A4" box="[207,324,1837,1863]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="2" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" seconds="24" value="-18.039999">18º2’24”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FF0DB92162F364946FC7106DAF8AB" box="[337,478,1837,1864]" degrees="57" direction="west" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" seconds="28" value="-57.49111">57º29’28”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CC33BF992162F3649FDFC710535F8AB" box="[490,561,1837,1864]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="120.0">
<elevation id="0016712F92162F3649FDFC710535F8AB" box="[490,561,1837,1864]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="120.0">120 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<date id="FF85B0DC92162F364A6CFC710450F8A4" box="[635,852,1837,1863]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2018-11-24">
<collectingDate id="EFC1493492162F364A6CFC710450F8A4" box="[635,852,1837,1863]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2018-11-24">24 November 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D3D5D9592162F364B73FC71047DF8A4" box="[868,889,1837,1863]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
fl.), 
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92162F364BA5FC7203CEF8A4" box="[946,1226,1837,1864]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<collectorName id="26CEF3CA92162F364BA5FC720308F8AB" box="[946,1036,1838,1864]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Carrión</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26CEF3CA92162F364C27FC72038EF8AB" box="[1072,1162,1838,1864]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Antunes</collectorName>
1877
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2A0ED992162F364CCEFC71023CF8A4" box="[1241,1336,1837,1863]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" name="Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="Herbarium">HUEFS</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B539C4192162F364D5BFC7105E1F888" collectingDate="2018-11-24" collectionCode="HUEFS" collectorName="Carrion &amp; Antunes" country="United States of America" county="Corumba" elevation="120" latitude="-18.039999" location="Porto Amolar" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-57.49111" municipality="Sub-regiao Pantanal do Paraguai" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1">
ibid., (
<specimenCount id="9D3D5D9592162F364D81FC7102AFF8A4" box="[1430,1451,1837,1863]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
fl., 
<specimenCount id="9D3D5D9592162F3648B8FC0E07C0F88F" box="[175,196,1874,1900]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
fl., and fr.), 
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92162F364943FC0E056AF888" box="[340,622,1873,1900]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<collectorName id="26CEF3CA92162F364943FC0E06AAF88F" box="[340,430,1874,1900]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Carrión</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26CEF3CA92162F3649C3FC0E052AF88F" box="[468,558,1874,1900]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Antunes</collectorName>
1879
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2A0ED992162F364A69FC0D05D9F888" box="[638,733,1873,1899]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15506" name="Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="Herbarium">HUEFS</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="3B539C4192162F364AE7FC0D0335F86C" collectingDate="1916-12" collectionCode="A, SI" collectorName="Rojas" country="Paraguay" county="Chaco Paraguayo" location="Obraje Mosquito" municipality="Puerto Casado" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Alto Paraguay">
<collectingCountry id="F32CD68C92162F364AE7FC0D0483F888" box="[752,903,1873,1899]" name="Paraguay" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">PARAGUAY</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="49FF58FE92162F364B86FC0D033CF88F" box="[913,1080,1873,1900]" country="Paraguay" name="Alto Paraguay" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Alto Paraguay</collectingRegion>
: (as “ 
<collectingCounty id="62E5EE9092162F364C62FC0D0240F888" box="[1141,1348,1873,1899]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Chaco Paraguayo</collectingCounty>
”), 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE00C6692162F364D75FC0E07D9F86C" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Puerto Casado</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8EE4C0C792162F3648FFFC2906AEF86C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392270A92142F30489FFF080440FCFF:8EE4C0C792162F3648FFFC2906AEF86C" box="[232,426,1909,1935]" country="Paraguay" county="Chaco Paraguayo" municipality="Puerto Casado" name="Obraje Mosquito" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" stateProvince="Alto Paraguay">Obraje Mosquito</location>
, 
<date id="FF85B0DC92162F3649A2FC290563F86C" box="[437,615,1909,1935]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1916-12">
<collectingDate id="EFC1493492162F3649A2FC290563F86C" box="[437,615,1909,1935]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1916-12">December 1916</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D3D5D9592162F364A60FC290588F86C" box="[631,652,1909,1935]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
fl., 
<specimenCount id="9D3D5D9592162F364AADFC2A05CBF873" box="[698,719,1910,1936]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
fl., and fr.), 
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92162F364B4DFC2A04DDF86C" box="[858,985,1909,1935]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<collectorName id="26CEF3CA92162F364B4DFC2A049EF86C" box="[858,922,1910,1935]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Rojas</collectorName>
2169
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2A0ED992162F364BFEFC290304F86C" box="[1001,1024,1909,1935]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="ED2A0ED992162F364C1BFC29032CF86C" box="[1036,1064,1909,1935]" country="Argentina" name="Museo Botánico (SI)" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="Herbarium">SI</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321C59792162F3648AAFCC5020CF818" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B84961C92162F3648AAFCC5020CF818" blockId="3.[136,1452,1441,2044]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92162F3648AAFCC50671F850" bold="true" box="[189,373,1945,1971]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Distribution:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BED9F92162F364962FCC5055CF850" box="[373,600,1945,1971]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Bernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92162F364962FCC5055CF850" box="[373,600,1945,1971]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Bernardia fluviatilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in the Pantanal wetland, in border areas of 
<collectingCountry id="F32CD68C92162F364C85FCC503E0F850" box="[1170,1252,1945,1971]" name="Bolivia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
(Puerto Quijarro, 
<collectingRegion id="49FF58FE92162F36489FFCE1060DF834" box="[136,265,1981,2007]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
), 
<collectingCountry id="F32CD68C92162F364908FCE10667F834" box="[287,355,1981,2007]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(Poconé, 
<collectingRegion id="49FF58FE92162F3649C0FCE2056EF834" box="[471,618,1981,2008]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Mato Grosso</collectingRegion>
and Corumbá, 
<collectingRegion id="49FF58FE92162F364B0BFCE20302F834" box="[796,1030,1981,2008]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso do Sul" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Mato Grosso do Sul</collectingRegion>
), and 
<collectingCountry id="F32CD68C92162F364C5AFCE203B1F83B" box="[1101,1205,1982,2008]" name="Paraguay" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
(Puerto Casado, 
<collectingRegion id="49FF58FE92162F364D6DFCE107F1F818" country="Paraguay" name="Alto Paraguay" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Alto Paraguay</collectingRegion>
), which partially coincides with the riverbed of the 
<collectingCountry id="F32CD68C92162F364B21FCBE049AF81F" box="[822,926,2018,2044]" name="Paraguay" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
River and its tributaries (fig. 3).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF44C69492112F31489FFE4A039DFACF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13216199" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13216199" box="[136,1177,1302,1324]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13216199/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" startId="4.[136,229,1302,1324]" targetBox="[169,1419,195,1260]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B84961C92112F31489FFE4A039DFACF" blockId="4.[136,1177,1302,1324]" box="[136,1177,1302,1324]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92112F31489FFE4A07F9FAC8" bold="true" box="[136,253,1302,1324]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Geographical distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BED9F92112F314A0EFE4A05D8FAC8" box="[537,732,1302,1323]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Bernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92112F314A0EFE4A05D8FAC8" box="[537,732,1302,1323]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Bernardia fluviatilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The white triangle indicates the type locality.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C321C59792112F3048AAFE070440FCFF" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B84961C92112F3148AAFE070328FA96" blockId="4.[136,1452,1371,2081]" box="[189,1068,1371,1397]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92112F3148AAFE070660FA96" bold="true" box="[189,356,1371,1397]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Etymology:—</emphasis>
The specific epithet refers to the riparian habitat of this species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84961C92112F3148AAFE220664F992" blockId="4.[136,1452,1371,2081]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92112F3148AAFE220514FA7A" bold="true" box="[189,528,1406,1433]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Conservation assessment:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BED9F92112F314A07FE2305F2FA7A" box="[528,758,1407,1433]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Bernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92112F314A07FE2305F2FA7A" box="[528,758,1407,1433]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Bernardia fluviatilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from seven localities, of which most are difficult to access and only one is in a protected area (Pantanal Matogrossense National Park, municipality of Poconé, 
<collectingRegion id="49FF58FE92112F314D67FEFF061FFA02" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Mato Grosso State</collectingRegion>
). The extent of occurrence (EOO) of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BED9F92112F314AACFE940440FA02" box="[699,836,1479,1505]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Bernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92112F314AACFE940440FA02" box="[699,836,1479,1505]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B. fluviatilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was estimated to be 
<quantity id="4CC33BF992112F314C3AFE9B03AAFA00" box="[1069,1198,1479,1507]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.883799999999999" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="km" value="6883.8">6,883.8 km</quantity>
², which qualifies it for the Vulnerable (VU) category, and the area of occupancy (AOO; grid cell area of 
<quantity id="4CC33BF992112F314C0DFEB70350F9E4" box="[1050,1108,1515,1543]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
²) was calculated to be 
<quantity id="4CC33BF992112F314D42FEB7029AF9E4" box="[1365,1438,1515,1543]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="km" value="28.0">28 km</quantity>
², which qualifies it for the Endangered (EN) category. Thus, following the IUCN Red List categories and criteria (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAEBED92112F314D72FD5307C0F9AE" author="IUCN" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refId="ref4490" refString="IUCN (2022) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 15. Standards and Petitions Committee, 116 pp. Available from: https: // www. iucnredlist. org / resources / redlistguidelines (accessed: 25 June 2023)" type="book" year="2022">IUCN 2022</bibRefCitation>
), we believe that if a formal assessment was conducted 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BED9F92112F314B2DFD6804C7F9AE" box="[826,963,1587,1613]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Bernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92112F314B2DFD6804C7F9AE" box="[826,963,1587,1613]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B. fluviatilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
would probably be classified as vulnerable [VU B1 a, b (i, ii)].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84961C92112F3148AAFD260605F88E" blockId="4.[136,1452,1371,2081]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92112F3148AAFD260562F976" bold="true" box="[189,614,1658,1685]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Habitat, ecology, and phenology:—</emphasis>
This new species grows in areas of seasonally dry forest, rocky outcrops, savannas (cerrados), forest savanna (cerradão), riverine forests, open disturbed areas, and transitional flooded zones associated with the riverbed of the 
<collectingCountry id="F32CD68C92112F314A16FD9F056DF93E" box="[513,617,1731,1757]" name="Paraguay" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
River and its tributaries in the Pantanal wetland.This distribution associated with a watercourse might be related to hydrochorous dispersal. 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BED9F92112F314B75FDBB034CF8E2" box="[866,1096,1767,1793]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Bernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92112F314B75FDBB034CF8E2" box="[866,1096,1767,1793]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Bernardia fluviatilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seems to be a pioneer species, since it has been documented growing in anthropized areas, as observed in the 
<typeStatus id="548028BE92112F314C1FFC57033CF8C6" box="[1032,1080,1803,1829]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">type</typeStatus>
locality where many individuals (ca. 50) of this species were found. It has been recorded with flowers and fruits in March, May, July, November, and December.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84961C92112F3048AAFC2A0638FE73" blockId="4.[136,1452,1371,2081]" lastBlockId="5.[136,1452,158,797]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92112F3148AAFC2A06ECF872" bold="true" box="[189,488,1910,1937]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Taxonomic comments:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BED9F92112F3149FFFC2B05C9F872" box="[488,717,1911,1937]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Bernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92112F3149FFFC2B05C9F872" box="[488,717,1911,1937]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Bernardia fluviatilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BED9F92112F314B59FC2B035BF872" box="[846,1119,1911,1937]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Bernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="argentinensis">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92112F314B59FC2B035BF872" box="[846,1119,1911,1937]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Bernardia argentinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BED9F92112F314C8EFC240260F872" authorityName="Chodat &amp; Hassler" authorityYear="1905" box="[1177,1380,1912,1937]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Bernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paraguariensis">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92112F314C8EFC240260F872" box="[1177,1380,1912,1937]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B. paraguariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its stellate trichomes and spiciform, elongated, pedunculate staminate inflorescence, with flowers that are conspicuously pedicellate and have bifid styles. These three species belong to the same lineage (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAEBED92112F314C0DFCE303B2F83A" author="Carrion, J. F." box="[1050,1206,1983,2009]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refId="ref4296" refString="Carrion, J. F. (2020) Sistematica do Clado Bernardia. Thesis. Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, 356 pp." type="book" year="2020">Carrión 2020</bibRefCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BED9F92112F314CDFFCE302A8F83A" box="[1224,1452,1983,2009]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Bernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92112F314CDFFCE302A8F83A" box="[1224,1452,1983,2009]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Bernardia fluviatilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is sympatric with 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BED9F92112F314958FCBF0576F81E" authorityName="Chodat &amp; Hassler" authorityYear="1905" box="[335,626,2019,2045]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Bernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paraguariensis">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92112F314958FCBF0576F81E" box="[335,626,2019,2045]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Bernardia paraguariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and both have a staminate inflorescence with cymules scattered along the inflorescence axis, but 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BED9F92112F31499AF3540513F7C2" box="[397,535,2055,2081]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Bernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92112F31499AF3540513F7C2" box="[397,535,2055,2081]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B. fluviatilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be differentiated by its usual monoecy (vs. dioecy), young branches covered with a sericeous (vs. velutine-tomentose) indumentum of simple (vs. stellate and simple) trichomes, membranaceous (vs. chartaceous) leaf blade with tertiary veins usually depressed (vs. prominent), and axis of the staminate inflorescence covered by a sericeous (vs. densely tomentose) indumentum of simple (vs. stellate and simple) trichomes. 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BED9F92102F304D2EFBBA07F6FEC7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Bernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92102F304D2EFBBA07F6FEC7" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Bernardia fluviatilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be differentiated from 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BED9F92102F304A57FA5705FFFEC7" box="[576,763,267,292]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Bernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="argentinensis">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92102F304A57FA5705FFFEC7" box="[576,763,267,292]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">B. argentinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the characteristics mentioned in the diagnosis, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BED9F92102F304D84FA57061AFEAB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Bernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="argentinensis">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92102F304D84FA57061AFEAB" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">B. argentinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is endemic to northwestern 
<collectingCountry id="F32CD68C92102F304A71FA7205D1FEAB" box="[614,725,302,328]" name="Argentina" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Argentina</collectingCountry>
and the 
<collectingRegion id="49FF58FE92102F304B2BFA73033CFEAA" box="[828,1080,303,329]" country="Paraguay" name="Boqueron" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Boqueron Department</collectingRegion>
in 
<collectingCountry id="F32CD68C92102F304C76FA7303CEFEAA" box="[1121,1226,303,329]" name="Paraguay" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
, while 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BED9F92102F304D37FA7302A8FEAB" box="[1312,1452,302,328]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Bernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92102F304D37FA7302A8FEAB" box="[1312,1452,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">B. fluviatilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in border areas of 
<collectingCountry id="F32CD68C92102F3049BCFA0E0504FE8F" box="[427,512,338,364]" name="Bolivia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F32CD68C92102F304A1AFA0E0550FE8F" box="[525,596,338,364]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, and 
<collectingCountry id="F32CD68C92102F304A86FA0F05FDFE8E" box="[657,761,339,365]" name="Paraguay" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49FF58FE92102F304B1DFA0E0338FE8F" box="[778,1084,338,365]" country="Paraguay" name="Alto Paraguay" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Alto Paraguay Department</collectingRegion>
) and follows the riverbed of the 
<collectingCountry id="F32CD68C92102F30489FFA2B07F4FE72" box="[136,240,375,401]" name="Paraguay" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
River.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84961C92102F3048AAFAC604B5FDA6" blockId="5.[136,1452,158,797]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Additionally, we considered the possibility that the new species could belong to one of the varieties (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAEBED92102F304D2DFAC60619FE3A" author="Chodat, R. &amp; Hassler, E." pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="288 - 506" refId="ref4394" refString="Chodat, R. &amp; Hassler, E. (1905) Plantae Hasslerianae soit enumeration des plantes recoltees au Paraguay par le Dr. Emile Hassler d'Aarau (Suisse), de 1885 a 1902. Bulletin de l'Herbier Boissier, ser. 2, 5: 288 - 506." type="journal article" year="1905">Chodat &amp; Hassler 1905</bibRefCitation>
) or forms (Pax &amp; Hoffman 1914) described for 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BED9F92102F304B52FAE2036EFE3B" authorityName="Chodat &amp; Hassler" authorityYear="1905" box="[837,1130,446,472]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Bernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paraguariensis">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92102F304B52FAE2036EFE3B" box="[837,1130,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Bernardia paraguariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Particularly, we considered 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BED9F92102F30489FFABF0447FE1E" authority="Chodat &amp; Hassler (1905: 504)" authorityName="Chodat &amp; Hassler" authorityPageNumber="504" authorityYear="1905" box="[136,835,482,509]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Bernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="paraguariensis" variety="fruticosa">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92102F30489FFABF0655FE1F" box="[136,337,483,508]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">B. paraguariensis</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92102F304990FABE06EFFE1F" box="[391,491,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">fruticosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAEBED92102F3049E6FABE0447FE1E" author="Chodat, R. &amp; Hassler, E." box="[497,835,482,509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="288 - 506" refId="ref4394" refString="Chodat, R. &amp; Hassler, E. (1905) Plantae Hasslerianae soit enumeration des plantes recoltees au Paraguay par le Dr. Emile Hassler d'Aarau (Suisse), de 1885 a 1902. Bulletin de l'Herbier Boissier, ser. 2, 5: 288 - 506." type="journal article" year="1905">Chodat &amp; Hassler (1905: 504)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
because it was described from a specimen collected on a riverbank, a similar habitat of the new species, but detailed observations of the 
<typeStatus id="548028BE92102F304C0DF95B034EFDC2" box="[1050,1098,519,545]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
specimen of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BED9F92102F304CF5F95B0618FDA7" authorityName="Chodat &amp; Hassler" authorityYear="1905" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Bernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="paraguariensis" variety="fruticosa">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92102F304CF5F95B02A8FDC3" box="[1250,1452,519,544]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">B. paraguariensis</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92102F3048AFF9760618FDA7" box="[184,284,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">fruticosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
demonstrated that it is conspecific with 
<taxonomicName id="4C3BED9F92102F304AF6F97704AEFDA7" authorityName="Chodat &amp; Hassler" authorityYear="1905" box="[737,938,555,580]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Bernardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paraguariensis">
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92102F304AF6F97704AEFDA7" box="[737,938,555,580]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">B. paraguariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B84961C92102F3048AAF9120440FCFF" blockId="5.[136,1452,158,797]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
The label of the 
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92102F304962F9120522FD8B" box="[373,550,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Bernardi 20410</emphasis>
specimen says the collection was made in Paraguayan territory: “Cerro Pedrera, circa Cerro Morriño, sed trans Riacho Navileque, 
<quantity id="4CC33BF992102F304AD8F92E0447FD6F" box="[719,835,626,653]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="km" value="55.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="50.0">50–60 km</quantity>
N. Fuerte Olimpo, Alto Paraguay.” However, “Cerro Pedrera” maybe = “Morro da Pedreira” that is in the municipality of Corumbá and “Riacho Navileque” maybe = “Rio Nabileque” that is located on the border of the municipalities of Corumbá and Porto Murtinho, which are both completely within 
<collectingRegion id="49FF58FE92102F30494FF983057CFD1B" box="[344,632,734,761]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso do Sul" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Mato Grosso do Sul State</collectingRegion>
. Thus, this collection is probably from 
<collectingCountry id="F32CD68C92102F304C3FF9820368FD1B" box="[1064,1132,734,760]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Brazil</collectingCountry>
near the border of 
<collectingCountry id="F32CD68C92102F304D29F98302ACFD1A" box="[1342,1448,735,761]" name="Paraguay" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
. This possible mistake was also noted by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAEBED92102F304A46F85E0444FCFF" author="Oliveira, L. S. D. &amp; Moro, M. F. &amp; Lughadha, E. M. N. &amp; Martins, F. R. &amp; Melo, A. L. &amp; Esser, H. - J. &amp; Sales, M. F." box="[593,832,770,797]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref4701" refString="Oliveira, L. S. D., Moro, M. F., Lughadha, E. M. N., Martins, F. R., Melo, A. L., Esser, H. - J. &amp; Sales, M. F. (2013) Hidden in the dry woods: Mapping the collection history and distribution of Gymnanthes boticario, a well-collected but very recently described species restricted to the dry vegetation of South America. Phytotaxa 97: 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 97.1.1" type="journal article" year="2013">
Oliveira 
<emphasis id="B94F4A0E92102F304AA4F85F05E1FCFF" box="[691,741,770,796]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al</emphasis>
. (2013)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>