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204 lines
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<mods:title id="C8DDBC819C5B509F3413E3CA7019EA97">Revision of the metallic Lasioglossum (Dialictus) of eastern North America (Hymenoptera: Halictidae: Halictini)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="647677561D8F3E99D313433874C0E233">Gibbs, Jason</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="D8151F7563761759D217055521CD8980">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="DEE4AF26724A30A467F4433AD2F7BB58">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="E686C0C6FED0F70C9B96AE03DC621B61">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5F81BBC913B2BB541D0CF393FDE1F44E">2011-10-28</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="528514E95C1CE7ED18A16B76E2A0B151">3073</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="2359D4D1D30E866CA8511D4F9665BF85" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.1049595</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="9A5987DBA788FF290A9789EBFC160317" ID-GBIF-Taxon="137306871" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9A5987DBA788FF290A9789EBFC160317" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9A5987DBA788FF290A9789EBFC160317" lastPageNumber="159" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">
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<subSubSection id="5AEA6546A788FF290A9789EBFD3D07F3" box="[151,749,727,753]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="124F36CDA788FF290A9789EBFD3D07F3" blockId="158.[151,749,727,753]" box="[151,749,727,753]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">
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<heading id="490781A1A788FF290A9789EBFD3D07F3" bold="true" box="[151,749,727,753]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="D5F04D4EA788FF290A9789EBFD3D07F3" ID-CoL="6P2BG" authority="Robertson" authorityName="Robertson" box="[151,749,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Lasioglossum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pruinosum" subGenus="Dialictus">
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<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF290A9789EBFD3D07F3" bold="true" box="[151,749,727,753]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">
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<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF290A9789EBFEED07F3" bold="true" box="[151,317,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Lasioglossum</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF290B4E89EBFE6B07F3" bold="true" box="[334,443,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Dialictus</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF290BCC89EBFD8007F3" bold="true" box="[460,592,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">pruinosum</emphasis>
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(Robertson)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5AEA6546A788FF290A978823FD080143" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="124F36CDA788FF290A978823FDA50636" blockId="158.[151,1436,798,882]" box="[151,629,798,821]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="32E011E3A788FF290A978823FDA50636" box="[151,629,798,821]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">
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<taxonomicName id="D5F04D4EA788FF290A978823FDEB0636" authority="Robertson, 1892: 269" authorityName="Robertson" authorityPageNumber="269" authorityYear="1892" box="[151,571,798,821]" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Halictus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pruinosus">
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<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF290A978823FE870637" box="[151,343,799,821]" italics="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Halictus pruinosus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="935110DCA788FF290B5D8822FDEB0636" author="Robertson" box="[349,571,798,820]" page="269" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" year="1892">
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<bibRefCitation id="76614B3CA788FF290B5D8822FDD80636" author="Robertson" box="[349,520,798,820]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" refString="Robertson, C. (1892) Descriptions of new North American bees. American Naturalist, 26, 267 - 274." type="journal article" year="1892">Robertson, 1892</bibRefCitation>
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: 269
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Ƥ 3.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="124F36CDA788FF290AC78801FE6D0673" blockId="158.[151,1436,798,882]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">
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<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF290AC78801FEE80650" bold="true" box="[199,312,829,850]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">
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<typeStatus id="CD4B886FA788FF290AC78801FEE40650" box="[199,308,829,850]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Ƥ
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<collectingCountry id="6AE7765DA788FF290B5A8801FE5F0650" box="[346,399,829,850]" name="United States of America" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">USA</collectingCountry>
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, Illinois, Macoupin Co., Carlinville,
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<date id="664E100DA788FF29090C8801FCBF0650" box="[780,879,829,850]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" value="1891-05-22">22.v.1891</date>
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(C. Robertson); [INHS: 11121] by W. E. LaBerge (in
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<bibRefCitation id="76614B3CA788FF290AC78867FEEF0670" author="Webb" box="[199,319,859,882]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" refString="Webb, D. W. (1980) Primary insect types in the Illinois Natural History Survey collection, exclusive of the Collembola and Thysanoptera. Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin, 32, 55 - 191." type="journal article" year="1980">Webb 1980</bibRefCitation>
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). Examined.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="124F36CDA788FF290A9788A6FD080143" blockId="158.[151,1436,921,1558]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">
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<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF290A9788A6FEC106B0" bold="true" box="[151,273,922,946]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="76614B3CA788FF290B1E88A5FE3406B3" author="Robertson" box="[286,484,921,945]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" refString="Robertson, C. (1902 b) Synopsis of Halictinae. The Canadian Entomologist, 34, 243 - 250." type="journal article" year="1902" yearSuffix="b">Robertson, 1902b</bibRefCitation>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="D5F04D4EA788FF290BF288A5FD3B06B3" box="[498,747,921,945]" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Chloralictus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pruinosus">
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<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF290BF288A5FD3B06B3" box="[498,747,921,945]" italics="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Chloralictus pruinosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, p. 248 (key); Cockerell, 1909:
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<taxonomicName id="D5F04D4EA788FF290E5788A5FAF506B3" box="[1111,1317,921,945]" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Halictus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pruinosus">
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<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF290E5788A5FAF506B3" box="[1111,1317,921,945]" italics="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Halictus pruinosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, p. 9 (tax. comp.);
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<bibRefCitation id="76614B3CA788FF290AF08881FE4C06D7" author="Michener" box="[240,412,957,981]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" refString="Michener, C. D. (1951) Superfamily Apoidea. In: Muesebeck, C. F., Krombein, K. V. & Townes, H. K. (Eds.), Hymenoptera of America North of Mexico. USDA Agriculture Monograph No. 2. United States Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., pp. 1043 - 1255." type="book chapter" year="1951">Michener, 1951</bibRefCitation>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="D5F04D4EA788FF290BA68881FC8006D7" ID-CoL="6P2BG" box="[422,848,957,981]" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Lasioglossum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pruinosum" subGenus="Chloralictus">
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<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF290BA68881FDE906D7" box="[422,569,957,981]" italics="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Lasioglossum</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF2908498881FD1E06D7" box="[585,718,957,981]" italics="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Chloralictus</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF2908DE8882FC8006D7" box="[734,848,958,981]" italics="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">pruinosum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, p. 1116 (catalogue);
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<bibRefCitation id="76614B3CA788FF290E388881FB0906D7" author="Mitchell" box="[1080,1241,957,981]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" refString="Mitchell, T. B. (1960) Bees of the Eastern United States: volume I. N. C. Agricultural Experimental Station Technical Bulletin, 141, 1 - 538." type="book chapter" year="1960">Mitchell, 1960</bibRefCitation>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="D5F04D4EA788FF290EE48881FF6906FB" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Dialictus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pruinosus">
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<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF290EE48881FF6906FB" italics="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Dialictus pruinosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Ƥ3, p. 415. (redescription);
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<bibRefCitation id="76614B3CA788FF290BE888DDFD4B06FB" author="Krombein" box="[488,667,993,1017]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" refString="Krombein, K. V. (1967) Superfamily Apoidea. In: Krombein, K. V. & Burks, B. D. (Eds.), Hymenoptera of America North of Mexico. (Agriculture Monograph No. 2) Second supplement. United States Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. pp. 422 - 520." type="book chapter" year="1967">Krombein, 1967</bibRefCitation>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="D5F04D4EA788FF2908A588DDFBFB06FB" ID-CoL="6P2BG" box="[677,1067,993,1017]" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Lasioglossum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pruinosum" subGenus="Dialictus">
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<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF2908A588DDFCE806FB" box="[677,824,993,1017]" italics="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Lasioglossum</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF29094888DDFC7906FB" box="[840,937,993,1017]" italics="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Dialictus</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF2909B888DEFBFB06FB" box="[952,1067,994,1017]" italics="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">pruinosum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, p. 465 (catalogue);
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<taxonomicName id="D5F04D4EA788FF290F0688DDFF0B011F" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Dialictus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pruinosus">
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<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF290F0688DDFF0B011F" italics="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Dialictus pruinosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, p. 1970 (catalogue);
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<bibRefCitation id="76614B3CA788FF290BC68F3AFD7F011F" author="Moure" box="[454,687,1029,1053]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" refString="Moure, J. S. & Hurd, P. D., Jr. (1987) An Annotated Catalog of the Halictid Bees of the Western Hemisphere (Hymenoptera: Halictidae). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C." type="book" year="1987">Moure & Hurd, 1987</bibRefCitation>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="D5F04D4EA788FF2908BA8F39FC5C011F" box="[698,908,1029,1053]" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Dialictus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pruinosus">
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<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF2908BA8F39FC5C011F" box="[698,908,1029,1053]" italics="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Dialictus pruinosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, p. 125 (catalogue);
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<bibRefCitation id="76614B3CA788FF290E6A8F39FB2E011F" author="Gibbs" box="[1130,1278,1029,1053]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" refString="Gibbs, J. (2010 b) Revision of the metallic species of Lasioglossum (Dialictus) in Canada (Hymenoptera, Halictidae, Halictini). Zootaxa, 2591, 1 - 382." type="journal article" year="2010" yearSuffix="b">Gibbs, 2010b</bibRefCitation>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="D5F04D4EA788FF290F098F39FE530143" ID-CoL="6P2BG" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Lasioglossum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pruinosum" subGenus="Dialictus">
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<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF290F098F39FA4C011F" box="[1289,1436,1029,1053]" italics="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Lasioglossum</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF290A9F8F15FED00143" box="[159,256,1065,1089]" italics="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Dialictus</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF290B108F16FE530143" box="[272,387,1066,1089]" italics="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">pruinosum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Ƥ3, p. 269 (redescription, key).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5AEA6546A788FF290AC78F71FD6C00F3" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="124F36CDA788FF290AC78F71FC2801D3" blockId="158.[151,1436,921,1558]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF290AC78F71FEEB0164" bold="true" box="[199,315,1101,1126]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Female
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D5F04D4EA788FF290B9D8F72FDFF0167" box="[413,559,1102,1125]" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Lasioglossum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pruinosum">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF290B9D8F72FE7C0167" box="[413,428,1102,1125]" italics="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">L</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF290BBC8F72FDFF0167" box="[444,559,1102,1125]" italics="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">pruinosum</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
can be recognised by the following diagnostic combination: head long (length/ width ratio = 1.05–1.09); mesoscutal punctation dense (i<d), except on medial portion (i=1–1.5d); mesepisternum rugulose; wings hyaline; pterostigma nearly white pterostigma; and metasomal terga with abundant tomentum. They are most similar to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D5F04D4EA788FF290B028F86FE7901D3" box="[258,425,1210,1233]" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Lasioglossum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="succinipenne">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF290B028F86FEC101D3" box="[258,273,1210,1233]" italics="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">L</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF290B1E8F86FE7901D3" box="[286,425,1210,1233]" italics="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">succinipenne</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, which has the mesoscutal punctures dense throughout.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="124F36CDA788FF290AC78FE1FCD30084" blockId="158.[151,1436,921,1558]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="6AE7765DA788FF290AC78FE1FF2E01F7" box="[199,254,1245,1269]" name="Malta" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Male</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D5F04D4EA788FF290B088FE2FE4A01F7" box="[264,410,1246,1269]" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Lasioglossum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pruinosum">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF290B088FE2FEC701F7" box="[264,279,1246,1269]" italics="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">L</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF290B278FE2FE4A01F7" box="[295,410,1246,1269]" italics="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">pruinosum</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
can be recognised by the following diagnostic combination: head long (length/width ratio = 1.18–1.21), covered in dense white tomentum; clypeus with distal yellow maculation; flagellomeres short (length/width ratio = 1.15–1.30), bright yellow ventrally; mesoscutal punctation moderately sparse medially (i=1–2d); mesepisternum rugoso-reticulate; and metasomal terga bluish green, distinctly punctate. They are most similar to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D5F04D4EA788FF290EC48E76FA9B0063" box="[1220,1355,1353,1377]" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Lasioglossum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albipenne">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF290EC48E76FB030063" box="[1220,1235,1354,1377]" italics="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">L</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF290EE28E75FA9B0063" box="[1250,1355,1353,1377]" italics="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">albipenne</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, which lacks yellow on clypeus and have brown metasomal terga.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="124F36CDA788FF290AC78EAEFDBE00CF" blockId="158.[151,1436,921,1558]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF290AC78EAEFEC700A8" bold="true" box="[199,279,1426,1450]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Range.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
British
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="6AE7765DA788FF290B6C8EADFE0600AB" box="[364,470,1425,1449]" name="United States of America" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Columbia</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
and south to Arizona east to north-eastern
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="6AE7765DA788FF2909A18EADFC0A00AB" box="[929,986,1425,1449]" name="United States of America" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">USA</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF2909E58EADFBCB00A8" bold="true" box="[997,1051,1425,1450]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="6AE7765DA788FF2909E58EADFBCB00A8" box="[997,1051,1425,1450]" name="United States of America" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">USA</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
: AZ, CO, IA, ID, IN, MI, MN, NE, TX, UT, WI.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF290B268E89FE4C00CC" bold="true" box="[294,412,1461,1486]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="6AE7765DA788FF290B268E89FE4C00CC" box="[294,412,1461,1486]" name="Canada" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">CANADA</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
: AB, BC, MB, SK.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="124F36CDA788FF290AC78EE5FD6C00F3" blockId="158.[151,1436,921,1558]" box="[199,700,1497,1522]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF290AC78EE5FEBE00F0" bold="true" box="[199,366,1497,1522]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">DNA Barcode.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Available. Multiple sequences.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="5AEA6546A788FF290AC78EC1FC160317" box="[199,966,1533,1558]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" type="discussion">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="124F36CDA788FF290AC78EC1FC160317" blockId="158.[151,1436,921,1558]" box="[199,966,1533,1558]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="2084EADFA788FF290AC78EC1FE9A0314" bold="true" box="[199,330,1533,1558]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Comments.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Uncommon in the eastern
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="6AE7765DA788FF2908698EC1FD2A0317" box="[617,762,1533,1557]" name="United States of America" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">United States</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
. See Gibbs (2010).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|