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<document id="E7C4A088E442D3B7254005CAFCBD51D2" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5342342" ID-ISSN="2345-7600" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5342342" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630192974077" checkinUser="diego" docAuthor="Inger, Robert F. &amp; Stuebing, Robert B." docDate="2009" docId="1C4E0A52FFA9493AEC0EFF7E63F717AF" docLanguage="en" docName="57rbz527-535.pdf" docOrigin="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 57 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C6443723295B2E4C6F22B9B23F08089C.5:RafflesBZool.2006-2013.journal_article" docStyleId="C6443723295B2E4C6F22B9B23F08089C" docStyleName="RafflesBZool.2006-2013.journal_article" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Meristogenys whiteheadi Ranidae" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="534" masterDocId="E077722AFFAF493DEF77FFC06123127A" masterDocTitle="New Species And New Records Of Bornean Frogs (Amphibia: Anura)" masterLastPageNumber="535" masterPageNumber="527" pageNumber="533" updateTime="1699182198869" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="285DD04E99A5F42AA077B298C1A0E438">New Species And New Records Of Bornean Frogs (Amphibia: Anura)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="858C2710D9CD9842F5F63CE69E555428">Inger, Robert F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="718E860C538990D0F60758C23C3E7E2C">Stuebing, Robert B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="90CBF7527D66FC9F7BB5D70A39BDE362">Raffles Bulletin of Zoology</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="23C4E426F254A309492D0134152AAB01">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A03B08F3D590ABA356FF74F3C080A17E">2009-08-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A236D505CB4A6CFE387E50290968BEC2">57</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="CBE3793D4CAA926C8B05EC4F98CE720F" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5342342</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1148AD8955EA1C06B2C8BD15319C7923" type="ISSN">2345-7600</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="1C4E0A52FFA9493AEC0EFF7E63F717AF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1C4E0A52FFA9493AEC0EFF7E63F717AF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1C4E0A52FFA9493AEC0EFF7E63F717AF" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="534" pageId="6" pageNumber="533">
<subSubSection id="DCFDE8CFFFA9493BEC0EFF7E64A412AF" box="[889,1415,190,214]" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9458BB44FFA9493BEC0EFF7E64A412AF" blockId="6.[889,1415,190,214]" box="[889,1415,190,214]" pageId="6" pageNumber="533">
<heading id="CF100C28FFA9493BEC0EFF7E64A412AF" bold="true" box="[889,1415,190,214]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="53E7C0C7FFA9493BEC0EFF7E64A412AF" ID-CoL="73BD6" authority="(Boulenger)" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[889,1415,190,214]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Meristogenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="whiteheadi">
<emphasis id="A6936756FFA9493BEC0EFF7E65AF12AC" bold="true" box="[889,1164,190,214]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="533">Meristogenys whiteheadi</emphasis>
(Boulenger) (Ranidae)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DCFDE8CFFFA9493AEC36FF3E63F717AF" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="534" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="9458BB44FFA9493BEC36FF3E647F11CF" blockId="6.[833,1472,254,949]" pageId="6" pageNumber="533">
<emphasis id="A6936756FFA9493BEC36FF3E62EB136C" bold="true" box="[833,968,254,278]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="533">Remarks. –</emphasis>
Large samples of
<taxonomicName id="53E7C0C7FFA9493BEBDBFF3E6466136F" authorityName="Yang" authorityYear="1991" box="[1196,1349,254,277]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Meristogenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A6936756FFA9493BEBDBFF3E6466136F" box="[1196,1349,254,277]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="533">Meristogenys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
frogs and tadpoles were collected at Bukit Kana, Bintulu Division,
<collectingCountry id="ECF0FBD4FFA9493BEC36FEFE6280132F" box="[833,931,318,341]" name="Malaysia" pageId="6" pageNumber="533">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
. These frogs are relatively large for species of
<taxonomicName id="53E7C0C7FFA9493BEC36FE9E62F0130F" authorityName="Yang" authorityYear="1991" box="[833,979,350,373]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Meristogenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A6936756FFA9493BEC36FE9E62F0130F" box="[833,979,350,373]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="533">Meristogenys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Males measure
<quantity id="531F16A1FFA9493BEBE3FE9E6416130F" box="[1172,1333,350,373]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.31" metricValueMax="5.74" metricValueMin="4.88" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" unit="mm" value="53.099999999999994" valueMax="57.4" valueMin="48.8">48.8–57.4 mm</quantity>
SVL (mean ± SE = 54.07 ± 0.39, n = 32); females measure
<quantity id="531F16A1FFA9493BEA22FEBE624913CF" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.845000000000001" metricValueMax="7.970000000000001" metricValueMin="7.720000000000001" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" unit="mm" value="78.45" valueMax="79.7" valueMin="77.2">77.2–79.7 mm</quantity>
(n = 3) (FMNH 272607–41). The rear of the thigh in these frogs is brown with large, irregular areas of lighter color (yellow in life?). The ventral surface of the calf is dusted with scattered melanophores. All but two have round black spots on the back, usually covering most of the surface. The sides of the body are much lighter than the back and are heavily spotted in most individuals. The throat is densely dusted. Only
<specimenCount id="82E170CDFFA9493BEB39FDBE658E10EF" box="[1102,1197,638,661]" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" type="generic" typeStatus="type">one type</specimenCount>
of
<taxonomicName id="53E7C0C7FFA9493BEBA0FDBE644410EF" authorityName="Yang" authorityYear="1991" box="[1239,1383,638,661]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Meristogenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A6936756FFA9493BEBA0FDBE644410EF" box="[1239,1383,638,661]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="533">Meristogenys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
tadpole was collected at Bukit Kana (FMNH 272642–78, Gosner stages 25–40). The labial tooth formula of the upper lip is 7(4-7) (n = 22), that of the lower lip 6(1) (n = 2), 7(1) (n = 15), or 8(1) (n = 4). The upper jaw sheath is divided with 8–16 ribs in each half. The lower jaw sheath is single with 14–23 ribs. There are 0–5 glands in the ventral fin (median = 2). Two tadpoles of this sample differ from
<specimenCount id="82E170CDFFA9493BEA36FC9E64E3110F" box="[1345,1472,862,885]" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" type="adult">three adults</specimenCount>
in only three sites of a 442 bp fragment of 12S, verifying association of these larvae with the adult species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9458BB44FFA9493BEC36FC1E646F17AF" blockId="6.[833,1472,990,1493]" pageId="6" pageNumber="533">
Four species of
<taxonomicName id="53E7C0C7FFA9493BEC8CFC1E65AC118F" authorityName="Yang" authorityYear="1991" box="[1019,1167,990,1013]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Meristogenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A6936756FFA9493BEC8CFC1E65AC118F" box="[1019,1167,990,1013]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="533">Meristogenys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been described from
<collectingCountry id="ECF0FBD4FFA9493BEC36FC3E6283166F" box="[833,928,1022,1045]" name="Malaysia" pageId="6" pageNumber="533">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
, one from the southwestern corner of the state and three from central
<collectingCountry id="ECF0FBD4FFA9493BEB7DFBDE654A164F" box="[1034,1129,1054,1077]" name="Malaysia" pageId="6" pageNumber="533">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
.
<taxonomicName id="53E7C0C7FFA9493BEB03FBDE62A3162F" authority="(Gunther, 1872)" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1872" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Meristogenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jerboa">
<emphasis id="A6936756FFA9493BEB03FBDE6472164F" box="[1140,1361,1054,1077]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="533">Meristogenys jerboa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F076C6B5FFA9493BEA17FBDE625A162F" author="Gunther, A" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" pagination="586 - 600" refId="ref8024" refString="Gunther, A., 1872. On the reptiles and amphibians of Borneo. Proceeding of the Zoological Society of London, 1872: 586 - 600." type="journal article" year="1872">Günther, 1872</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
from southwestern
<collectingCountry id="ECF0FBD4FFA9493BEB12FBFE65E0162F" box="[1125,1219,1086,1109]" name="Malaysia" pageId="6" pageNumber="533">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
(
<typeStatus id="4B5C05E6FFA9493BEBA2FBFE6425162F" box="[1237,1286,1086,1109]" pageId="6" pageNumber="533">type</typeStatus>
locality Matang
<geoCoordinate id="F1D3DD83FFA9493BEC36FB9E62AE160F" box="[833,909,1118,1141]" degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" precision="925" value="1.6">1°36'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="F1D3DD83FFA9493BECEFFB9E6522160F" box="[920,1025,1118,1141]" degrees="110" direction="east" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" precision="925" value="110.333336">110°20'E</geoCoordinate>
, Kuching Division) is relatively small. Males are
<quantity id="531F16A1FFA9493BECD8FBBE650116EF" box="[943,1058,1150,1173]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.65" metricValueMax="4.1" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" unit="mm" value="36.5" valueMax="41.0" valueMin="32.0">32–41 mm</quantity>
SVL (mean 35.50 ± 0.25, n = 48), and females
<quantity id="531F16A1FFA9493BECE9FB5E653616CF" box="[926,1045,1182,1205]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.45" metricValueMax="6.8" metricValueMin="6.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" unit="mm" value="64.5" valueMax="68.0" valueMin="61.0">61–68 mm</quantity>
(mean 63.66 ± 0.77, n = 9). The rear of the thigh is brown with irregular large and small light spots. The sides are darker brown than the back. The light median strip of the ventral surface of the calf is immaculate white or, less often, with a few scattered melanophores. The tympanum of the male is distinctly enlarged compared to that of the female. The tadpoles of this species have both jaw sheaths divided, three divided rows of labial teeth on the upper lip and six (rarely five) undivided rows of labial teeth on the lower lip (Inger, unpublished data).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9458BB44FFA9493BEC36FA3E65FF156F" blockId="6.[833,1472,1534,1813]" pageId="6" pageNumber="533">
<taxonomicName id="53E7C0C7FFA9493BEC36FA3E640E146F" authority="(Matsui, 1986)" baseAuthorityName="Matsui" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[833,1325,1534,1557]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Meristogenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrophthalmus">
<emphasis id="A6936756FFA9493BEC36FA3E65AB146F" box="[833,1160,1534,1557]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="533">Meristogenys macrophthalmus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F076C6B5FFA9493BEBE1FA3E6406146F" author="Matsui, M" box="[1174,1317,1534,1557]" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" pagination="623 - 630" refId="ref8432" refString="Matsui, M., 1986. Three new species of Amolops from Borneo (Amphibia, Anura, Ranidae). Copeia, 1986: 623 - 630." type="journal article" year="1986">Matsui, 1986</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(type locality Sg Pesu,
<geoCoordinate id="F1D3DD83FFA9493BECDAF9DE62DA144F" box="[941,1017,1566,1589]" degrees="3" direction="north" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" precision="925" value="3.1166666">3°07'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="F1D3DD83FFA9493BEB73F9DE6549144F" box="[1028,1130,1566,1589]" degrees="113" direction="east" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" precision="925" value="113.8">113°48'E</geoCoordinate>
)
<materialsCitation id="248FB119FFA9493BEB0BF9DE65FA156F" collectionCode="SVL, HBL" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
from the Bintulu Division is small, the unique
<typeStatus id="4B5C05E6FFA9493BEC89F9FE6578142F" box="[1022,1115,1598,1621]" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
male measures
<quantity id="531F16A1FFA9493BEA71F9FE644B142F" box="[1286,1384,1598,1621]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.67" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" unit="mm" value="36.7">36.7 mm</quantity>
. It lacks dark spots on the back. The tympanum is enlarged, TYM/
<collectionCode id="F2F62381FFA9493BEC36F9BE625014EF" box="[833,883,1662,1685]" pageId="6" pageNumber="533">SVL</collectionCode>
= 0.114. Larvae have not been assigned to this species, but three were collected at the type locality. These are small (
<collectionCode id="F2F62381FFA9493BEC3FF97E625C14AF" box="[840,895,1726,1749]" pageId="6" pageNumber="533">HBL</collectionCode>
<quantity id="531F16A1FFA9493BECF0F97E652914AF" box="[903,1034,1726,1749]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.95" metricValueMax="6.7" metricValueMin="5.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" unit="mm" value="5.95" valueMax="6.7" valueMin="5.2">5.2–6.7 mm</quantity>
) stage 25 tadpoles having the lower jaw sheath divided, each half with 6 ribs, and denticular formula 6(4–6)/5(1) (Inger, unpublished data)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9458BB44FFA9493AEC36F8FE63ED134F" blockId="6.[833,1472,1854,2101]" lastBlockId="7.[111,750,190,309]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="534" pageId="6" pageNumber="533">
<taxonomicName id="53E7C0C7FFA9493BEC36F8FE6512152F" baseAuthorityName="Inger &amp; Gritis" baseAuthorityYear="1983" box="[833,1073,1854,1877]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Meristogenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="poecilus">
<emphasis id="A6936756FFA9493BEC36F8FE6512152F" box="[833,1073,1854,1877]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="533">Meristogenys poecilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="53E7C0C7FFA9493BEB10F8FE62A0150F" authority="(Inger &amp; Gritis, 1983)" baseAuthorityName="Inger &amp; Gritis" baseAuthorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Meristogenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phaeomerus">
<emphasis id="A6936756FFA9493BEB10F8FE642D152F" box="[1127,1294,1854,1877]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="533">M. phaeomerus</emphasis>
(Inger &amp; Gritis, 1983)
</taxonomicName>
were described from the Kapit District (Nanga Tekalit,
<geoCoordinate id="F1D3DD83FFA9493BECEDF8BE62C715EF" box="[922,996,1918,1941]" degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" precision="925" value="1.6166667">1°37'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="F1D3DD83FFA9493BEC9CF8BE657115EF" box="[1003,1106,1918,1941]" degrees="113" direction="east" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" precision="925" value="113.583336">113°35'E</geoCoordinate>
). Males of
<taxonomicName id="53E7C0C7FFA9493BEBA7F8BE646F15EF" baseAuthorityName="Inger &amp; Gritis" baseAuthorityYear="1983" box="[1232,1356,1918,1941]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Meristogenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="poecilus">
<emphasis id="A6936756FFA9493BEBA7F8BE646F15EF" box="[1232,1356,1918,1941]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="533">M. poecilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the larger of these two species, measure 34.5–51.0 (mean 44.08), and thus are significantly smaller than the Bukit Kana males (see above). The rear of the thigh in
<taxonomicName id="53E7C0C7FFA9493BEBD5F81E643C158F" baseAuthorityName="Inger &amp; Gritis" baseAuthorityYear="1983" box="[1186,1311,2014,2037]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Meristogenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="533" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="poecilus">
<emphasis id="A6936756FFA9493BEBD5F81E643C158F" box="[1186,1311,2014,2037]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="533">M. poecilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has large light areas on a dark brown background. The area behind the tympanum and above the axilla is dark brown. About 10% of the
<typeStatus id="4B5C05E6FFA8493AEFC0FF7E603E12AF" box="[183,285,190,213]" pageId="7" pageNumber="534" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
have dark spots dorsally. Tadpoles of
<taxonomicName id="53E7C0C7FFA8493AEDA6FF7E61EB128F" baseAuthorityName="Inger &amp; Gritis" baseAuthorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Meristogenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="534" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="poecilus">
<emphasis id="A6936756FFA8493AEDA6FF7E61EB128F" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="534">M. poecilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have both jaw sheaths divided and have only three divided rows of labial teeth on the upper lip and only 4–5 undivided rows on the lower lip (Inger &amp; Gritis, 1983).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9458BB44FFA8493AEF18FE9E60F1102F" blockId="7.[111,750,350,597]" pageId="7" pageNumber="534">
Males of
<taxonomicName id="53E7C0C7FFA8493AEFA9FE9E60AF130F" baseAuthorityName="Inger &amp; Gritis" baseAuthorityYear="1983" box="[222,396,350,373]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Meristogenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="534" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phaeomerus">
<emphasis id="A6936756FFA8493AEFA9FE9E60AF130F" box="[222,396,350,373]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="534">M. phaeomerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
measure 33.0–43.0 mm (mean 38.25) and have the rear of the thigh brown dusted with fine light spots. The side from behind the tympanum and extending almost to the groin is dark brown. The back is marked with small dark spots. Tadpoles of this species have both jaw sheaths divided and only three undivided rows of labial teeth on the upper lip and five undivided rows on the lower lip (Inger &amp; Gritis, 1983).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9458BB44FFA8493AEF18FDBE600C11AF" blockId="7.[111,750,638,981]" pageId="7" pageNumber="534">
The Bukit Kana species differs from all four of the
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species—
<emphasis id="A6936756FFA8493AEFACFD5E639810CF" box="[219,699,670,693]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="534">
<taxonomicName id="53E7C0C7FFA8493AEFACFD5E607310CF" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[219,336,670,693]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Meristogenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="534" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jerboa">M. jerboa</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="53E7C0C7FFA8493AEE28FD5E633F10CF" baseAuthorityName="Matsui" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[351,540,670,693]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Meristogenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="534" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrophthalmus">macrophthalmus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="53E7C0C7FFA8493AED5BFD5E639410CF" baseAuthorityName="Inger &amp; Gritis" baseAuthorityYear="1983" box="[556,695,670,693]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Meristogenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="534" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phaeomerus">phaeomerus</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="A6936756FFA8493AEF18FD7E61C110AF" box="[111,226,702,725]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="534">
<taxonomicName id="53E7C0C7FFA8493AEF18FD7E61E410AF" baseAuthorityName="Inger &amp; Gritis" baseAuthorityYear="1983" box="[111,199,702,725]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Meristogenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="534" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="poecilus">poecilus</taxonomicName>
––
</emphasis>
in several ways. Adults are larger than all four of those. The relative size of the tympanum in males of the Bukit Kana form (median 0.079) is smaller than in males of the four
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species (median TYM/SVL 0.096, 0.114, 0.100, 0.099, respectively Larvae of the Bukit Kana species differ from larvae of
<emphasis id="A6936756FFA8493AEE20FC9E6310110F" box="[343,563,862,885]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="534">
<taxonomicName id="53E7C0C7FFA8493AEE20FC9E60BC110F" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[343,415,862,885]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Meristogenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="534" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jerboa">jerboa</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="53E7C0C7FFA8493AEEDDFC9E630C110F" baseAuthorityName="Inger &amp; Gritis" baseAuthorityYear="1983" box="[426,559,862,885]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Meristogenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="534" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phaeomerus">phaeomerus</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="53E7C0C7FFA8493AED10FC9E63E3110F" baseAuthorityName="Inger &amp; Gritis" baseAuthorityYear="1983" box="[615,704,862,885]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Meristogenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="534" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="poecilus">
<emphasis id="A6936756FFA8493AED10FC9E63E3110F" box="[615,704,862,885]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="534">poecilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and from the larvae found at the
<typeStatus id="4B5C05E6FFA8493AEEE0FCBE60E611EF" box="[407,453,894,917]" pageId="7" pageNumber="534">type</typeStatus>
locality of
<taxonomicName id="53E7C0C7FFA8493AED4CFCBE63CE11EF" baseAuthorityName="Matsui" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[571,749,894,917]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Meristogenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="534" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrophthalmus">
<emphasis id="A6936756FFA8493AED4CFCBE63CE11EF" box="[571,749,894,917]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="534">macrophthalmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the denticular formula and in the lack of division of the lower jaw sheath.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9458BB44FFA8493AEF18FC3E63F717AF" blockId="7.[111,750,1022,1493]" pageId="7" pageNumber="534">
The Bukit Kana species is most similar in size of adults and larval characters to
<emphasis id="A6936756FFA8493AEE3DFBDE60CF164F" box="[330,492,1054,1077]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="534">
<taxonomicName id="53E7C0C7FFA8493AEE3DFBDE60CB164F" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[330,488,1054,1077]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Meristogenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="534" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="whiteheadi">M. whiteheadi</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
which is known so far only from
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at elevations between 200 and
<quantity id="531F16A1FFA8493AED06FBFE6396162F" box="[625,693,1086,1109]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9" pageId="7" pageNumber="534" unit="m" value="990.0">990 m</quantity>
ASL (unpublished data). Males of
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<emphasis id="A6936756FFA8493AEEB2FB9E6340160F" box="[453,611,1118,1141]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="534">M. whiteheadi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingRegion id="562375A6FFA8493AEDDBFB9E63CD160F" box="[684,750,1118,1141]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="7" pageNumber="534">Sabah</collectingRegion>
measure
<quantity id="531F16A1FFA8493AEFA6FBBE604D16EF" box="[209,366,1150,1173]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.555" metricValueMax="6.24" metricValueMin="4.87" pageId="7" pageNumber="534" unit="mm" value="55.55" valueMax="62.4" valueMin="48.7">48.7–62.4 mm</quantity>
(mean 53.90, n = 72) and females
<quantity id="531F16A1FFA8493AEF18FB5E602816CF" box="[111,267,1182,1205]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.22" metricValueMax="8.65" metricValueMin="7.79" pageId="7" pageNumber="534" unit="mm" value="82.2" valueMax="86.5" valueMin="77.9">77.9–86.5 mm</quantity>
(n = 3). Larvae of
<taxonomicName id="53E7C0C7FFA8493AEE99FB5E63AB16CF" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[494,648,1182,1205]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Meristogenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="534" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="whiteheadi">
<emphasis id="A6936756FFA8493AEE99FB5E63AB16CF" box="[494,648,1182,1205]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="534">M. whiteheadi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have the lower jaw sheath single and have four divided rows of labial teeth in the upper lip. Thus in both size of adults and these larval characters there is agreement between the Bukit Kana species and
<emphasis id="A6936756FFA8493AEF82FADE60BB174F" box="[245,408,1310,1333]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="534">
<taxonomicName id="53E7C0C7FFA8493AEF82FADE60B7174F" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[245,404,1310,1333]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Meristogenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="534" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="whiteheadi">M. whiteheadi</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
There are several differences, however. Larvae of
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<emphasis id="A6936756FFA8493AEE14FAFE6327172F" box="[355,516,1342,1365]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="534">M. whiteheadi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
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usually have five undivided rows of labial teeth in the lower lip, in contrast to six in the Bukit Kana species. Adults of
<taxonomicName id="53E7C0C7FFA8493AEDA6FABE61C717CF" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1887" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Meristogenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="534" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="whiteheadi">
<emphasis id="A6936756FFA8493AEDA6FABE61C717CF" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="534">M. whiteheadi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in our
<collectingRegion id="562375A6FFA8493AEE43FA5E605617CF" box="[308,373,1438,1461]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="7" pageNumber="534">Sabah</collectingRegion>
samples lack black spots dorsally, though some individuals have an obscure dark mottling.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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