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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e73829" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1864-8312-80-309" ID-Pensoft-UUID="11907D1B6F665D96B5FD2F9751431366" ID-ZooBank="D5C0468B99A14EF39237D9BC51A8BDA3" ModsDocID="1864-8312-80-309" checkinTime="1660711556436" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Benedetti, Alipio Rezende &amp; Pinto-da-Rocha, Ricardo" docDate="2022" docId="DA7962F9568D543EBFD28BA3F07254F1" docLanguage="en" docName="ArthropodSystPhyl 80: 309-388" docOrigin="Arthropod Systematics &amp; amp; Phylogeny 80" docPubDate="2022-08-16" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e73829" docTitle="T. Kury 1994" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="11907D1B6F665D96B5FD2F9751431366" lastPageNumber="309" masterDocId="11907D1B6F665D96B5FD2F9751431366" masterDocTitle="Systematic revision and total evidence phylogenetic analysis of the Andean family Metasarcidae Kury, 1994 (Opiliones: Laniatores), with description of two new genera and twenty new species" masterLastPageNumber="388" masterPageNumber="309" pageNumber="309" updateTime="1660711556436" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Systematic revision and total evidence phylogenetic analysis of the Andean family Metasarcidae Kury, 1994 (Opiliones: Laniatores), with description of two new genera and twenty new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Benedetti, Alipio Rezende</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociencias, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Caixa Postal: 11.461, 05422 - 970, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil &amp; Instituto Federal de Minas Gerais, campus Sao Joao Evangelista, Av. Primeiro de Junho, 1043, Sao Joao Evangelista, MG, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">alipiobenedetti@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Pinto-da-Rocha, Ricardo</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3959-2205</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociencias, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Caixa Postal: 11.461, 05422 - 970, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Arthropod Systematics &amp; amp; Phylogeny</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-08-16</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>80</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>309</mods:start>
<mods:end>388</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e73829</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e73829</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1864-8312-80-309</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">D5C0468B99A14EF39237D9BC51A8BDA3</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">11907D1B6F665D96B5FD2F9751431366</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DA7962F9568D543EBFD28BA3F07254F1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DA7962F9568D543EBFD28BA3F07254F1" lastPageNumber="309" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="309" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
3.9.
<taxonomicName LSID="DA7962F9-568D-543E-BFD2-8BA3F07254F1" authority="Kury, 1994" authorityName="Kury" authorityYear="1994" family="Metasarcidae" genus="T." higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="family">Metasarcidae Kury, 1994</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="309" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1879" family="Phalangodidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="family">Phalangodidae</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1912" family="Metasarcidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tricommatinae">Tricommatinae</taxonomicName>
[part]:
<bibRefCitation author="Mello-Leitao, CFd" journalOrPublisher="Revista do Museu Paulista" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" pagination="327 - 383" refId="B72" refString="Mello-Leitao, CFd, 1926. Notas sobre Opiliones Laniatores sul-americanos. Revista do Museu Paulista 14: 327 - 383" title="Notas sobre Opiliones Laniatores sul-americanos." volume="14" year="1926">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mello-Leitão">Mello-Leitao</normalizedToken>
1926
</bibRefCitation>
: 330 (key);
<bibRefCitation author="Roewer, CF" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins zu Bremen" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" pagination="527 - 632" refId="B99" refString="Roewer, CF, 1927. Weitere Weberknechte II. (2. Ergaenzung der Weber-knechte der Erde, 1923). Abhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins zu Bremen 23 (3): 527 - 632" title="Weitere Weberknechte II. (2. Ergaenzung der Weber-knechte der Erde, 1923)." volume="23" year="1927">Roewer 1927</bibRefCitation>
: 536 (cit, key); 1935: 45 (cit, key);
<bibRefCitation author="Mello-Leitao, CFd" journalOrPublisher="Archivos do Museu Nacional" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" pagination="87 - 116" refId="B74" refString="Mello-Leitao, CFd, 1935. Algumas notas sobre os Laniatores. Archivos do Museu Nacional 36 (4): 87 - 116" title="Algumas notas sobre os Laniatores." volume="36" year="1935">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mello-Leitão">Mello-Leitao</normalizedToken>
1935
</bibRefCitation>
: 92 (key); 1938: 137 (key);
<bibRefCitation author="Roewer, CF" journalOrPublisher="Senckenbergiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" pagination="11 - 61" refId="B105" refString="Roewer, CF, 1949. Ueber Phalangodiden I. (Subfam. Phalangodinae, Tricommatinae, Samoinae.) Weitere Weberknechte XIII. Senckenbergiana 30 (1-3): 11 - 61" title="Ueber Phalangodiden I. (Subfam. Phalangodinae, Tricommatinae, Samoinae.) Weitere Weberknechte XIII." volume="30" year="1949">Roewer 1949</bibRefCitation>
: 56 (cit);
<bibRefCitation author="Rambla, M" journalOrPublisher="Symposia Zoological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" pagination="303 - 307" refId="B96" refString="Rambla, M, 1980. Systematics of Laniatorid Opiliones. Symposia Zoological Society of London 42: 303 - 307" title="Systematics of Laniatorid Opiliones." volume="42" year="1980">Rambla 1978</bibRefCitation>
: 305 (cit).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1913" family="Metasarcidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Prostygninae">Prostygninae</taxonomicName>
[part.]:
<bibRefCitation author="Roewer, CF" journalOrPublisher="Symposia Zoological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" refId="B97" refString="Roewer, CF, 1913. Die Familie der Gonyleptiden der Opiliones-Laniatores. Archiv fuer Naturgeschichte 79A(4): 1-256." title="Die Familie der Gonyleptiden der Opiliones-Laniatores. Archiv fuer Naturgeschichte 79 A (4): 1 - 256." year="1913">Roewer 1913</bibRefCitation>
: 140 (desc, key); 1923: 449 (rdesc, key); 1943: 30 (cit);
<bibRefCitation author="Mello-Leitao, CFd" journalOrPublisher="Revista do Museu Paulista" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" pagination="327 - 383" refId="B72" refString="Mello-Leitao, CFd, 1926. Notas sobre Opiliones Laniatores sul-americanos. Revista do Museu Paulista 14: 327 - 383" title="Notas sobre Opiliones Laniatores sul-americanos." volume="14" year="1926">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mello-Leitão">Mello-Leitao</normalizedToken>
1926
</bibRefCitation>
: 348 (key);
<bibRefCitation author="Roewer, CF" journalOrPublisher="Senckenbergiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" pagination="37 - 58" refId="B106" refString="Roewer, CF, 1952. Neotropische Arachnida Arthogastra, zumeist aus Peru (I). Senckenbergiana 33 (1-3): 37 - 58" title="Neotropische Arachnida Arthogastra, zumeist aus Peru (I)." volume="33" year="1952">Roewer 1952</bibRefCitation>
: 57 (cit);
<bibRefCitation author="Soares, HEM" journalOrPublisher="Revista Brasileira de Entomologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" pagination="1 - 14" refId="B116" refString="Soares, HEM, Soares, BAM, Jim, RLS, 1992. Monografia dos generos de opilioes neotropicos IV. (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae, Prostygninae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 36 (1): 1 - 14" title="Monografia dos generos de opilioes neotropicos IV. (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae, Prostygninae)." volume="36" year="1992">Soares et al. 1992</bibRefCitation>
: 1 (rdesc, key)
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1879" family="Metasarcidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Mitobatinae">Mitobatinae</taxonomicName>
[part.]:
<bibRefCitation author="Roewer, CF" journalOrPublisher="Symposia Zoological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" refId="B97" refString="Roewer, CF, 1913. Die Familie der Gonyleptiden der Opiliones-Laniatores. Archiv fuer Naturgeschichte 79A(4): 1-256." title="Die Familie der Gonyleptiden der Opiliones-Laniatores. Archiv fuer Naturgeschichte 79 A (4): 1 - 256." year="1913">Roewer 1913</bibRefCitation>
: 284;
<bibRefCitation author="Roewer, CF" journalOrPublisher="Gustav Fischer, Jena, 1" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" refId="B98" refString="Roewer, CF, 1923. Die Weberknechte der Erde. Systematische Bear-beitung der bisher bekannten Opiliones. Gustav Fischer, Jena, 1" title="Die Weberknechte der Erde. Systematische Bear-beitung der bisher bekannten Opiliones." year="1923">1923</bibRefCitation>
: 508 (rdesc, key);
<bibRefCitation author="Mello-Leitao, CFd" journalOrPublisher="Revista do Museu Paulista" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" pagination="1 - 505" refId="B73" refString="Mello-Leitao, CFd, 1932. Opilioes do Brasil. Revista do Museu Paulista 17 (2): 1 - 505" title="Opilioes do Brasil." volume="17" year="1932">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mello-Leitão">Mello-Leitao</normalizedToken>
1932
</bibRefCitation>
: 390 (rdesc, key);
<bibRefCitation author="Soares, BAM" journalOrPublisher="Arquivos de Zoologia do Estado de Sao Paulo" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" pagination="149 - 240" refId="B115" refString="Soares, BAM, Soares, HEM, 1949. Monografia dos generos de opilioes neotropicos II. Arquivos de Zoologia do Estado de Sao Paulo 7 (2): 149 - 240" title="Monografia dos generos de opilioes neotropicos II." volume="7" year="1949">Soares and Soares 1949</bibRefCitation>
: 224 (rdesc), 225 (key).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
<taxonomicName family="Metasarcidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Metasarcinae">Metasarcinae</taxonomicName>
Kury, 1994: 349 (desc);
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1998.tb01297.x" author="Kury, AB" journalOrPublisher="Zoo-logical Journal of Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" pagination="143 - 162" refId="B58" refString="Kury, AB, Maury, EA, 1998. A new genus and five new species of Metasarcinae from Peru (Arachnida, Opiliones, Gonyleptidae). Zoo-logical Journal of Linnean Society 123: 143 - 162, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1998.tb01297.x" title="A new genus and five new species of Metasarcinae from Peru (Arachnida, Opiliones, Gonyleptidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1998.tb01297.x" volume="123" year="1998">Kury and Maury 1998</bibRefCitation>
: 144; (cit);
<bibRefCitation author="Kury, AB" journalOrPublisher="Tropical Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" refId="B51" refString="Kury, AB, 2003. Annotated catalogue of the Laniatores of the New World (Arachnida, Opiliones). Revista Iberica de Aracnologia, vol.7: 1-337." title="Annotated catalogue of the Laniatores of the New World (Arachnida, Opiliones). Revista Iberica de Aracnologia, vol. 7: 1 - 337." year="2003">Kury 2003</bibRefCitation>
, 144 (cat);
<bibRefCitation author="Acosta, LE" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" refId="B1" refString="Acosta, LE, 2002. Patrones zoogeograficos de los opiliones argentinos (Arachnida: Opiliones). Revista Iberica de Aracnologia 6, 69-84." title="Patrones zoogeograficos de los opiliones argentinos (Arachnida: Opiliones). Revista Iberica de Aracnologia 6, 69 - 84." year="2002">Acosta 2002</bibRefCitation>
: 72 (cit), 78 (biog);
<bibRefCitation author="Giribet, G" editor="Pinto- - da-Rocha, R" journalOrPublisher="The Bio-logy of Opiliones. Harvard University Press, Massachussetts" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" pagination="62 - 87" refId="B24" refString="Giribet, G, Kury, AB, 2007. Phylogeny and biogeography. In: Pinto--da-Rocha, R, Machado, G, Giribet, G, Eds., Harvestmen. The Bio-logy of Opiliones. Harvard University Press, Massachussetts: 62 - 87" title="Phylogeny and biogeography." volumeTitle="Harvestmen." year="2007">Giribet and Kury 2007</bibRefCitation>
: 82;
<bibRefCitation author="Kury, AB" journalOrPublisher="Tropical Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" refId="B52" refString="Kury, AB, 2007. Laniatores - Historical systematic synopsis. In: Pinto-da-Rocha R, Machado G. and Giribet G (Eds) Harvestmen. The Biology of Opiliones. Harvard University Press, Massachussetts. 159-168." title="Laniatores - Historical systematic synopsis. In: Pinto-da-Rocha R, Machado G. and Giribet G (Eds) Harvestmen. The Biology of Opiliones. Harvard University Press, Massachussetts. 159 - 168." year="2007">Kury 2007</bibRefCitation>
: 168 (cit);
<bibRefCitation author="Kury, AB" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" refId="B61" refString="Kury, AB, Pinto-da-Rocha, R, 2007a. Cosmetidae Koch, 1839. In: Pinto--da-Rocha R, Machado G and Giribet G (Eds) Harvestmen. The Biology of Opiliones. Harvard University Press, Massachussetts. 182-185." title="Cosmetidae Koch, 1839. In: Pinto- - da-Rocha R, Machado G and Giribet G (Eds) Harvestmen. The Biology of Opiliones. Harvard University Press, Massachussetts. 182 - 185." year="2007 a">Kury and Pinto-da-Rocha 2007a</bibRefCitation>
:185 (cit);
<bibRefCitation author="Kury, AB." journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" refId="B62" refString="Kury, AB., Pinto-da-Rocha, R, 2007b. Gonyleptidae Sundevall, 1833. In: Pinto-da-Rocha R, Machado G and Giribet G (Eds) Harvestmen. The Biology of Opiliones. Harvard University Press, Massachussetts. 196-203." title="Gonyleptidae Sundevall, 1833. In: Pinto-da-Rocha R, Machado G and Giribet G (Eds) Harvestmen. The Biology of Opiliones. Harvard University Press, Massachussetts. 196 - 203." year="2007 b">Kury and Pinto-da-Rocha 2007b</bibRefCitation>
: 196 (cit), 198 (biol), 199 (biol), 201 (key), 203 (biog);
<bibRefCitation author="Pinto-da-Rocha, R" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Arachnology" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" refId="B92" refString="Pinto-da-Rocha, R, Giribet, G, 2007. Taxonomy. In: Pinto-da-Rocha R, Machado G and Giribet G (Eds) Harvestmen. The Biology of Opi-liones. Harvard University Press, Massachussetts. 88-92." title="Taxonomy. In: Pinto-da-Rocha R, Machado G and Giribet G (Eds) Harvestmen. The Biology of Opi-liones. Harvard University Press, Massachussetts. 88 - 92." year="2007">Pinto-da-Rocha and Giribet 2007</bibRefCitation>
: 91 (cit);
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00484.x" author="Yamaguti, HY" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" pagination="319 - 362" refId="B127" refString="Yamaguti, HY, Pinto-da-Rocha, R, 2009. Taxonomic review of Bourguyiinae, cladistic analysis, and a new hypothesis of biogeographic relantioships of the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest (Arachnida: Opiliones, Gonyleptidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 156: 319 - 362, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00484.x" title="Taxonomic review of Bourguyiinae, cladistic analysis, and a new hypothesis of biogeographic relantioships of the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest (Arachnida: Opiliones, Gonyleptidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00484.x" volume="156" year="2009">Yamaguti and Pinto-da-Rocha 2009</bibRefCitation>
: 319 (syst), 320 (biol), 321-324 (cit), 324 (syst), 325 (cit), 326-329 (syst), 358 (syst);
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2108/zsj.27.697" author="Ferreira, CP" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" pagination="697 - 708" refId="B20" refString="Ferreira, CP, Kury, AB, 2010. A review of Roquettea, with description of three new Brazillian species and notes on Gryne (Opiliones, Cosmetidae, Discosomaticinae). Zoological Science 27: 697 - 708, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2108/zsj.27.697" title="A review of Roquettea, with description of three new Brazillian species and notes on Gryne (Opiliones, Cosmetidae, Discosomaticinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.2108/zsj.27.697" volume="27" year="2010">Ferreira and Kury 2010</bibRefCitation>
: 706 (biol).
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00706.x" author="Mendes, AC" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" pagination="437 - 483" refId="B77" refString="Mendes, AC, 2011. Phylogeny and taxonomic revision of Heteropachylinae (Opiliones: Laniatores: Gonyleptidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 163: 437 - 483, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00706.x" title="Phylogeny and taxonomic revision of Heteropachylinae (Opiliones: Laniatores: Gonyleptidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00706.x" volume="163" year="2011">Mendes 2011</bibRefCitation>
:437 (cit), 439 (cit), 441 (cit), 479 (syst).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kury" authorityYear="1994" family="Metasarcidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="family">Metasarcidae</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12065" author="Pinto-da-Rocha, R" journalOrPublisher="Cladistics" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" pagination="519 - 539" refId="B90" refString="Pinto-da-Rocha, R, Bragagnolo, C, Marques, FPL, Antunes Junior, M, 2014. Phylogeny of harvestmen family Gonyleptidae inferred from a multilocus approach (Arachnida: Opiliones). Cladistics 30: 519 - 539, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12065" title="Phylogeny of harvestmen family Gonyleptidae inferred from a multilocus approach (Arachnida: Opiliones)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12065" volume="30" year="2014">Pinto-da-Rocha et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
: 525 (cit), 527 (syt), 532 (syst);
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12225" author="Kury, AB" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" pagination="1 - 46" refId="B63" refString="Kury, AB, Villarreal, MO, 2015. The prickly blade mapped: establishing homologies and a chaetotaxy for macrosetae of penis ventral plate in Gonyleptoidea (Arachnida, Opiliones, Laniatores). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 174 (1): 1 - 46, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12225" title="The prickly blade mapped: establishing homologies and a chaetotaxy for macrosetae of penis ventral plate in Gonyleptoidea (Arachnida, Opiliones, Laniatores)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12225" volume="174" year="2015">Kury and Villarreal 2015</bibRefCitation>
: 3-5, 10, 14, 23, 26, 29-30, 38 (cit);
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4025288" author="Kury, AB" journalOrPublisher="Zoologischer Anzeiger" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" refId="B57" refString="Kury, AB, Carvalho, RN, 2020. Chapter 10. Expansion of the MECO clade (Grassatores: Microsetata). In: Kury AB, Mendes AC, Cardoso L, Kury MS, Granado AA (Eds), WCO-Lite: online world catalogue of harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones). Version 1.0 - Checklist of all valid nomina in Opiliones with authors and dates of publication up to 2018. Self published, Rio de Janeiro. ii + 237 pp. ISBN 978-65-00-06706-4. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4025288" title="Chapter 10. Expansion of the MECO clade (Grassatores: Microsetata). In: Kury AB, Mendes AC, Cardoso L, Kury MS, Granado AA (Eds), WCO-Lite: online world catalogue of harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones). Version 1.0 - Checklist of all valid nomina in Opiliones with authors and dates of publication up to 2018. Self published, Rio de Janeiro. ii + 237 pp. ISBN 978 - 65 - 00 - 06706 - 4." url="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4025288" year="2020">Kury and Carvalho 2020</bibRefCitation>
: 55 (cit);
<bibRefCitation author="Benavides, LR" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" pagination="648 - 659" refId="B5" refString="Benavides, LR, Pinto-da-Rocha, R, Giribet, G, 2021. The phylogeny and evolution of the flashiest of the armored harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones). Systematic Biology 70 (4): 648 - 659" title="The phylogeny and evolution of the flashiest of the armored harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones)." volume="70" year="2021">Benavides et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
: 655 (syst).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="309" type="type genus">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Type genus.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1913" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Metasarcus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metasarcus" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Metasarcus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Roewer, 1913.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="309" type="genera composition">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Genera composition.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1949" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Ayacucho" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ayacucho" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Ayacucho</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Roewer, 1949;
<taxonomicName authorityName="Benedetti &amp; Pinto-da-Rocha" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Huancabamba" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Huancabamba" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Huancabamba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">gen. nov.</emphasis>
;
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kury &amp; Maury" authorityYear="1998" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Incasarcus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Incasarcus" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Incasarcus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Kury and Maury, 1998;
<taxonomicName authorityName="Benedetti &amp; Pinto-da-Rocha" authorityYear="2022" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Lumieria" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lumieria" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Lumieria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">gen. nov.</emphasis>
;
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1913" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Metasarcus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metasarcus" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Metasarcus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Roewer, 1913; and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1957" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Tschaidicancha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tschaidicancha" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Tschaidicancha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Roewer, 1957.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="309" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kury" authorityYear="1994" family="Metasarcidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="family">Metasarcidae</taxonomicName>
can be easily diagnosed by other
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1957" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Tschaidicancha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Gonyleptoidea">Gonyleptoidea</taxonomicName>
by only one feature, the penis with lateral finger-like sacs. Only one genus (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1912" class="Arachnida" family="Cosmetidae" genus="Metalibitia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metalibitia" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Metalibitia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1839" class="Arachnida" family="Cosmetidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cosmetidae</taxonomicName>
) of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1912" class="Arachnida" genus="Metalibitia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Gonyleptoidea">Gonyleptoidea</taxonomicName>
possess lateral sacs on ventral plate but its shape and position is different from it and not homologous. It differs from
<taxonomicName authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1879" class="Insecta" family="Stygnidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Protorthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Stygnidae</taxonomicName>
by having ocularium undivided; by
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sundevall" authorityYear="1833" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Gonyleptidae</taxonomicName>
by pedipalpal femur with long spines; by
<taxonomicName authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1839" class="Arachnida" family="Cosmetidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cosmetidae</taxonomicName>
by pedipalpus somewhat cylindrical and with spines; by
<taxonomicName authorityName="Silhavy" authorityYear="1973" class="Arachnida" family="Agoristenidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Agoristenidae</taxonomicName>
by having tarsal process; by
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1913" class="Arachnida" family="Cranaidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cranaidae</taxonomicName>
by pedipalpal femur smooth or small-tuberculate.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="309" type="redescription">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Redescription.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1912" class="Arachnida" genus="Metalibitia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Gonyleptoidea">Gonyleptoidea</taxonomicName>
with eye mound tall and rounded (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1949" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Ayacucho" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ayacucho" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Ayacucho</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) or low, medially depressed (the other genera); ocularium with a pair of low tubercles, a pair of high spines or unarmed. Chelicerae swollen in males of some species (also in some females of
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. titschacki" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="species" species="titschacki">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">A. titschacki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName genus="Pedipalpus" lsidName="Pedipalpus" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="genus">Pedipalpus</taxonomicName>
long and robustly armed; femur sub cylindrical, not flattened (slightly flattened in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1949" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Ayacucho" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ayacucho" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Ayacucho</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); femur and patella in males with a proapical spine (except
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1949" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Ayacucho" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ayacucho" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Ayacucho</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Alpha-type DSS (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kury &amp; Maury" authorityYear="1998" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Incasarcus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Incasarcus" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Incasarcus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and majority of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1949" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Ayacucho" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ayacucho" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Ayacucho</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), gamma-type DSS (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Benedetti &amp; Pinto-da-Rocha" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Metasarcus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metasarcus fellinii" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fellinii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Metasarcus fellinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">sp. nov.</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Benedetti &amp; Pinto-da-Rocha" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Ayacucho" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ayacucho spielbergi" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spielbergi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Ayacucho spielbergi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">sp. nov.</emphasis>
), gamma-P-type DSS (some
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1913" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Metasarcus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metasarcus" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Metasarcus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Benedetti &amp; Pinto-da-Rocha" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Tschaidicancha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tschaidicancha joseochoai" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="joseochoai">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Tschaidicancha joseochoai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">sp. nov.</emphasis>
) and kappa-type DSS (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Benedetti &amp; Pinto-da-Rocha" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Huancabamba" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Huancabamba" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Huancabamba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">gen. nov.</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Benedetti &amp; Pinto-da-Rocha" authorityYear="2022" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Lumieria" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lumieria" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Lumieria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">gen. nov.</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1957" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Tschaidicancha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tschaidicancha" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Tschaidicancha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and some
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1913" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Metasarcus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metasarcus" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Metasarcus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). DS moderate to densely granulate. Scutal area I undivided or divided (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Benedetti &amp; Pinto-da-Rocha" authorityYear="2022" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Lumieria" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lumieria" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Lumieria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">gen. nov.</emphasis>
and some
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1913" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Metasarcus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metasarcus" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Metasarcus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1957" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Tschaidicancha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tschaidicancha" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Tschaidicancha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); area III generally armed with a pair of high spines, a pair of low spines (
<taxonomicName genus="I." lsidName="I. argenteus" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="species" species="argenteus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">I. argenteus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) or tubercles (most
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1949" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Ayacucho" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ayacucho" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Ayacucho</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Benedetti &amp; Pinto-da-Rocha" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Metasarcus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metasarcus trispinosus" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trispinosus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Metasarcus trispinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">sp. nov.</emphasis>
) or unarmed (some
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1949" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Ayacucho" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ayacucho" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Ayacucho</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName genus="I." lsidName="I. ochoai" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="species" species="ochoai">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">I. ochoai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Benedetti &amp; Pinto-da-Rocha" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Metasarcus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metasarcus vacafloresae" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vacafloresae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Metasarcus vacafloresae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">sp. nov.</emphasis>
). Male coxa IV generally unarmed; armed with an acute long prolateral tubercle in most
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1949" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Ayacucho" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ayacucho" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Ayacucho</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or with a retrolateral armature in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Benedetti &amp; Pinto-da-Rocha" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Metasarcus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metasarcus bergmani" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bergmani">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Metasarcus bergmani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">sp. nov.</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" genus="M." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. limachii" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limachii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">M. limachii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">sp. nov.</emphasis>
Femur IV shorter than DSL in most
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1949" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Ayacucho" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ayacucho" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Ayacucho</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, about same size in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Benedetti &amp; Pinto-da-Rocha" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Huancabamba" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Huancabamba" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Huancabamba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">gen. nov.</emphasis>
and much longer in the other genera. Tarsal process present. VP of penis well defined, generally subrectangular, without cleft, with three to many (more than 13) pairs of MS C, and lateral finger-like sacs. Stylus long and generally laterally flattened, dorsoventrally widened (broad and sturdy
<taxonomicName authorityName="Benedetti &amp; Pinto-da-Rocha" authorityYear="2022" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Lumieria" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lumieria" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Lumieria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">gen. nov.</emphasis>
and cylindrical in some species); generally with swollen apex and with a caruncle. Dorsal process of glans absent or present.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="309" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
The family
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kury" authorityYear="1994" family="Metasarcidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="family">Metasarcidae</taxonomicName>
occurs in Andean Mountains of Bolivia and Peru, the southern limit being the border with Argentina and the northern limit the
<taxonomicName authorityName="Benedetti &amp; Pinto-da-Rocha" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Huancabamba" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Huancabamba" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Huancabamba</taxonomicName>
depression, situated in northern Peru (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Distribution of Ayacucho spp. in Peru" figureDoi="10.3897/asp.80.e73829.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/729902" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">28</figureCitation>
-
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. Distribution of Metasarcus in Bolivia. A M. beni sp. nov., M. bergmani sp. nov., M. fellinii sp. nov., M. limachii sp. nov., M. vacafloresae; B M. clavifemur, M. kurosawai sp. nov., M. trispinosus sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.80.e73829.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/729905" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">31</figureCitation>
). Most species are found in moderate to high altitudes (circa 4,000 m above sea level). The only exception to is
<taxonomicName authorityName="Benedetti &amp; Pinto-da-Rocha" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Metasarcus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metasarcus beni" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="beni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Metasarcus beni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">sp. nov.</emphasis>
(about 170 m above sea level) which occurs in the mountain foothills. A second species, the type-species of the genus
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1913" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Metasarcus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metasarcus" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Metasarcus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" genus="M." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. bolivianus" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bolivianus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">M. bolivianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, has been attributed to the Bolivian lowland region, the Chaco Province, without mention of a more precise locality.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
Most species (28 spp.) are known only from their type-locality, and those known from a few records of distribution (6 spp.) are endemic to small areas, where the maximum distance between two records is 150km. A few localities possess sympatric species, such as: Parque Nacional
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yanachaga-Chemillén">Yanachaga-Chemillen</normalizedToken>
/Peru (
<taxonomicName family="Metasarcidae" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. chaplini" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="species" species="chaplini">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">T. chaplini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">sp. nov.</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName family="Metasarcidae" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. joseochoai" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="species" species="joseochoai">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">T. joseochoai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">sp. nov.</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. pasolinii" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="species" species="pasolinii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">A. pasolinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">sp. nov.</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName family="Metasarcidae" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. scorsesei" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="species" species="scorsesei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">T. scorsesei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">sp. nov.</emphasis>
), Centro Turistico Ilpa/Peru (
<taxonomicName genus="L." lsidName="L. woodyalleni" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="species" species="woodyalleni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">L. woodyalleni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">gen. et sp. nov.</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName genus="L." lsidName="L. antonionii" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="species" species="antonionii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">L. antonionii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">gen. et sp. nov.</emphasis>
), Zongo/Bolivia (
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" genus="M." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. kurosawai" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kurosawai">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">M. kurosawai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">sp. nov.</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" genus="M." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. vacafloresae" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vacafloresae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">M. vacafloresae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">sp. nov.</emphasis>
), Cutervo/Peru (
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. uniseriatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="species" species="uniseriatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">A. uniseriatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">comb. nov.</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName genus="H." lsidName="H. kubricki" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="species" species="kubricki">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">H. kubricki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">gen. et sp. nov.</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. spielbergi" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="species" species="spielbergi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">A. spielbergi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">sp. nov.</emphasis>
).
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1949" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Ayacucho" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ayacucho titschacki" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="titschacki">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Ayacucho titschacki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which occurs in the Peruvian Central Andes, (near to Ocollo, Virgem de Cacharras de Cocha) and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Benedetti &amp; Pinto-da-Rocha" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Ayacucho" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ayacucho tapacocha" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tapacocha">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Ayacucho tapacocha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">nom. nov.</emphasis>
, which occurs in northern Peru, are the species with the largest distributions recorded in the
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1949" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Ayacucho" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ayacucho" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ayacucho</taxonomicName>
and Ancash areas, respectively. This high level of endemism is comparable to the eastern coast of South America, where most species occupy small areas of endemism (see Da-Silva et al. 2017). However, the harvestmen fauna from Peru and Bolivia is poorly sampled, which prevents a more detailed comparison with other regions.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
All Bolivian species of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kury" authorityYear="1994" family="Metasarcidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="family">Metasarcidae</taxonomicName>
belong to the type genus,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1913" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Metasarcus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metasarcus" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Metasarcus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and occur in the eastern Andes from La Paz to Tarija Province (
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" genus="M." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. fellinii" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fellinii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">M. fellinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">sp. nov.</emphasis>
is the southernmost species of the family), the Altiplano being the northern distribution limit. Its sister genus,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kury &amp; Maury" authorityYear="1998" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Incasarcus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Incasarcus" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Incasarcus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is present only in the Peruvian Cusco Department, in Montane tall grass vegetation (Puna) and scrub and montane Rain Forest. Both genera are separated by Puna Seca and Titicaca lake, which means the Altiplano.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1949" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Ayacucho" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ayacucho" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Ayacucho</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is widespread in most of the Peruvian Andean region, from
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1952" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Cajamarca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cajamarca" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cajamarca</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1949" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Ayacucho" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ayacucho" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ayacucho</taxonomicName>
departments, the Rio Apurimac being the southern limit of its distribution. The only metasarcid species recorded from the western Andean foothills is
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. roeweri" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="species" species="roeweri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">A. roeweri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">nom. nov.</emphasis>
, from Rio Fortaleza (2700 m above sea level, Ancash, Cajacay, Peru), where the riparian forest El Bosque de Fortaleza is found. Most species can be found in two types of vegetation, the Mountain short grass and Andean wastes (Quechua) and Mountain tall grass and scrub (Puna). One species,
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. pasolinii" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="species" species="pasolinii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">A. pasolinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">sp. nov.</emphasis>
was recorded from the Mountain Rain Forest (Parque Nacional
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yanachaga-Chemillén">Yanachaga-Chemillen</normalizedToken>
, Oxapampa, Peru).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
The monotypic genus
<taxonomicName authorityName="Benedetti &amp; Pinto-da-Rocha" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Huancabamba" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Huancabamba" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Huancabamba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">gen. nov.</emphasis>
is recorded only in Cutervo (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1952" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Cajamarca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cajamarca" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cajamarca</taxonomicName>
Department), in Mountain Rain Forest.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Benedetti &amp; Pinto-da-Rocha" authorityYear="2022" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Lumieria" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lumieria" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Lumieria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">gen. nov.</emphasis>
has only two species, sympatrically distributed at Centro Turistico Ilpa (Junin Department - Bolivia). This locality is covered by Mountain tall grass and scrub.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="309">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1957" class="Arachnida" family="Metasarcidae" genus="Tschaidicancha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tschaidicancha" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">Tschaidicancha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has four species recorded in only three regions, two of which are very close to each other.
<taxonomicName family="Metasarcidae" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. scorsesei" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="species" species="scorsesei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">T. scorsesei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">sp. nov.</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName family="Metasarcidae" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. joseochoai" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="species" species="joseochoai">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">T. joseochoai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">sp. nov.</emphasis>
, and
<taxonomicName family="Metasarcidae" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. chaplini" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="species" species="chaplini">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">T. chaplini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">sp. nov.</emphasis>
occur in Mountain Rain Forest, and
<taxonomicName family="Metasarcidae" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. weyrauchi" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="309" rank="species" species="weyrauchi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="309">T. weyrauchi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in areas with scrubs of Mountain Tall Grass and Scrub.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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