602 lines
97 KiB
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602 lines
97 KiB
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<mods:title id="49461681F404AAD8E7DD80EA6ED2423B">Notes on Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6E79F42B45B12F7D1E9DA2B9A8D47B53">Xue, Guoxi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5377294C3FA8BCE2F04A81B35556AB3E">College of Tobacco Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 136 Ke Xue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450000, P. R. China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="81129B515CF754317F998DF7E4034156">Zeng, Tingting</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="82EE3A6B9C1F9369B7FE2C0732779C0E" type="email">ttingzeng@yeah.net</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="702FAF091F03950449DAD1A7092398F5">Wang, Qiuling</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D21690F29E73BE7D9FE2788EBA424C8C">Technology Center, China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd., No. 8 Jingkai Third Street, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450000, P. R. China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FD80DEBA2CFC04A84D22E19FA3FE5DD5">Li, Meng</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="C59FF0F3024CE248D7D9FF0A21493FF7" authority="Devyatkin, 2002" authorityName="Devyatkin" authorityYear="2002" box="[151,541,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Halpe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paupera">
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<emphasis id="30EB5762024CE248D7D9FF0A221F3FF7" bold="true" box="[151,331,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Halpe paupera</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024CE248D61DFF0A21493FF7" author="Devyatkin, A. L." box="[339,541,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" pagination="127 - 135" refId="ref3893" refString="Devyatkin, A. L. (2002) Hesperiidae of Vietnam, 11. New taxa of the subfamily Hesperiinae (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Atalanta, 33 (½), 127 - 135." type="journal article" year="2002">Devyatkin, 2002</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="C59FF0F3024CE248D7D9FF41214C3FB2" authority="Devyatkin, 2002: 129" authorityName="Devyatkin" authorityPageNumber="129" authorityYear="2002" box="[151,536,220,244]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Halpe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paupera">
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<emphasis id="30EB5762024CE248D7D9FF4122643FB5" box="[151,304,220,244]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Halpe paupera</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024CE248D676FF41214C3FB2" author="Devyatkin, A. L." box="[312,536,220,244]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" pagination="127 - 135" refId="ref3893" refString="Devyatkin, A. L. (2002) Hesperiidae of Vietnam, 11. New taxa of the subfamily Hesperiinae (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Atalanta, 33 (½), 127 - 135." type="journal article" year="2002">Devyatkin, 2002: 129</bibRefCitation>
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,
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locality: central
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<collectingCountry id="7A88CBE0024CE248D5B2FF4120003FB2" box="[764,852,220,244]" name="Vietnam" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="C05B4592024CE248D411FF4127613FB2" box="[863,1077,220,244]" country="Vietnam" name="Thanh Hoa" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Thanh Hoa Province</collectingRegion>
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, Xuan Mu district, loc. Xuan Lien;
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<treatmentCitation id="833EAD61024CE248D789FF66220C3E54" author="Lo, P. Y. F." box="[199,344,250,274]" page="122" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" year="2005">
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<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024CE248D789FF66220C3E54" author="Lo, P. Y. F." box="[199,344,250,274]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" refId="ref4261" refString="Lo, P. Y. F. (2005) Hong Kong Butterflies. 2 nd Edition. Cosmos Books Ltd., Hong Kong, 565 pp." type="book" year="2005">Lo 2005: 122</bibRefCitation>
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, 123 (description, photos of adults and larva);
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<treatmentCitation id="833EAD61024CE248D405FF6720A93E54" author="Chiba, H." box="[843,1021,250,274]" page="342" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" year="2008">
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<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024CE248D405FF6720A93E54" author="Chiba, H." box="[843,1021,250,274]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" pagination="337 - 344" refId="ref3860" refString="Chiba, H. (2008) Skippers of Hainan (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae). Report on Insect Inventory Project in Tropical Asia, TAIIV, 2008, 337 - 344." type="journal article" year="2008">Chiba 2008: 342</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 344 (check list);
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<treatmentCitation id="833EAD61024CE248D38EFF6726C83E54" author="Devyatkin, A. L." box="[1216,1436,250,274]" page="293" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" year="2008">
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<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024CE248D38EFF6726C83E54" author="Devyatkin, A. L." box="[1216,1436,250,274]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" pagination="292 - 296" refId="ref3931" refString="Devyatkin, A. L. (2008) Hesperiidae of Vietnam, 18. Three new species of Halpe Moore, 1878 (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Atalanta, 39 (1 - 4), 292 - 296." type="journal article" year="2008">Devyatkin 2008: 293</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(comparison with
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<taxonomicName id="C59FF0F3024CE248D6CDFE8722A83E77" authorityName="Devyatkin" authorityYear="2008" box="[387,508,281,305]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Halpe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="babensis">
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<emphasis id="30EB5762024CE248D6CDFE8722A83E77" box="[387,508,281,305]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">H. babensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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);
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<treatmentCitation id="833EAD61024CE248D55DFE8420513E77" author="Wang, M. & Tang, D. M." box="[531,773,281,305]" page="58" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" year="2012">
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<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024CE248D55DFE8420513E77" author="Wang, M. & Tang, D. M." box="[531,773,281,305]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" refId="ref4479" refString="Wang, M. & Tang, D. M. (2012) Butterflies of Guangxi Maoershan National Nature Reserve. Guangxi Nationalities Publishing House, Nanning, 194 pp., 113 pls." type="book" year="2012">Wang & Tang 2012: 58</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(distribution), pl. 109, figs. 13, 14 (photos of male);
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<treatmentCitation id="833EAD61024CE248D262FE8422643E16" author="Yuan, F. & Yuan, X. Q. & Xue, G. X." page="398" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" year="2015">
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<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024CE248D262FE8422643E16" author="Yuan, F. & Yuan, X. Q. & Xue, G. X." pageId="2" pageNumber="289" refId="ref4655" refString="Yuan, F., Yuan, X. Q. & Xue, G. X. (2015) Fauna Sinica: Insecta. Vol. 55. Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae. Science Press, Beijing, 754 pp., 15 pls." type="book" year="2015">
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Yuan
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<emphasis id="30EB5762024CE248D226FE8726C23E77" box="[1384,1430,281,305]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. 2015: 398
|
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|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
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|
|
(description, distribution);
|
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|
|
<treatmentCitation id="833EAD61024CE248D501FEA5207D3E16" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6069740" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6069740" author="Xue, G. X. & Sun, H. & Sun, Z. & Wang, S. N." box="[591,809,311,336]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F138195A3EFF8946ABFC21FBF6FAE6" page="321" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" year="2016">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024CE248D501FEA5207D3E16" author="Xue, G. X. & Sun, H. & Sun, Z. & Wang, S. N." box="[591,809,311,336]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" pagination="311 - 334" refId="ref4590" refString="Xue, G. X., Sun, H., Sun, Z. & Wang, S. N. (2016) A preliminary checklist of the skippers (Rhopalocera: Hesperiidae) of Guangxi, China. Zootaxa, 4147 (3), 311 - 334. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4147.3.5" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
|||
|
|
Xue
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024CE248D5CCFEA521E53E16" box="[642,689,312,336]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. 2016: 321
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
(distribution);
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="833EAD61024CE248D486FEA527ED3E09" author="Wu, C. S. & Hsu, Y. F." box="[968,1209,311,336]" page="1368" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" year="2017">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024CE248D486FEA527ED3E09" author="Wu, C. S. & Hsu, Y. F." box="[968,1209,311,336]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" refId="ref4556" refString="Wu, C. S. & Hsu, Y. F. (Eds.) (2017) Butterflies of China. The Straits Publishing House, Fuzhou, 2036 pp." type="book" year="2017">Wu & Hsu 2017: 1368</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
(description, biology, distribution), 1370 (photos of both sexes);
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="833EAD61024CE248D539FECA20033E28" author="Wang, M. & Liu, J. & Fu, C. R." box="[631,855,342,367]" page="333" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" year="2020">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024CE248D539FECA20033E28" author="Wang, M. & Liu, J. & Fu, C. R." box="[631,855,342,367]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" refId="ref4515" refString="Wang, M., Liu, J. & Fu, C. R. (2020) A Photographic Guide to the Butterflies of Yinggeling, Hainan. South China Sea Publishing Company, Haikou, 369 pp." type="book" year="2020">
|
|||
|
|
Wang
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024CE248D5F6FECA21B13E28" box="[696,741,342,366]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. 2020: 333
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
(description, distribution, photos of adult in nature).
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="02208B70024CE248D7D9FEE820A03EEA" blockId="2.[151,1437,220,489]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitationGroup id="228FAC5E024CE248D7D9FEE820A03EEA" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024CE248D7D9FEE822DE3ECB" box="[151,394,373,397]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">
|
|||
|
|
Haple
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C59FF0F3024CE248D795FEEB22DE3ECB" authorityName="Devyatkin" authorityYear="2002" box="[219,394,374,397]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Halpe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paupera">paupera paupera</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
:
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="833EAD61024CE248D6D6FEE821333ECB" author="Maruyama, K." box="[408,615,373,397]" page="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" year="2010">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024CE248D6D6FEE821333ECB" author="Maruyama, K." box="[408,615,373,397]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" pagination="15 - 19" refId="ref4291" refString="Maruyama, K. (2010) Some notes on hesperiid butterflies of South East Asia (3). Butterflies, 55, 15 - 19." type="journal article" year="2010">Maruyama 2010: 17</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, fig. 2 (photos of male);
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="833EAD61024CE248D42CFEE827FB3ECB" author="Nakamura, N. & Wakahara, H." box="[866,1199,373,397]" page="58" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" year="2012">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024CE248D42CFEE827FB3ECB" author="Nakamura, N. & Wakahara, H." box="[866,1199,373,397]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" pagination="19 - 85" refId="ref4364" refString="Nakamura, N. & Wakahara, H. (2012) A revised checklist of the butterflies of the Lao P. D. R. (Insecta: Lepidoptera). Evolutionary Sciences, 17, 19 - 85." type="journal article" year="2012">Nakamura & Wakahara 2012: 58</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
(check list), pl. 25, fig. He-112 (photos of both sexes);
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="833EAD61024CE248D548FE0920213EED" author="Monastyrskii, A. L. & Devyatkin, A. L." box="[518,885,403,428]" page="77" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" year="2016">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024CE248D548FE0920213EED" author="Monastyrskii, A. L. & Devyatkin, A. L." box="[518,885,403,428]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" refId="ref4319" refString="Monastyrskii, A. L. & Devyatkin, A. L. (2016) Butterflies of Vietnam (An illustrated checklist). 2 nd Edition. Planorama Media Co., Ltd, Hanoi, 95 pp., 17 pls." type="book" year="2016">Monastyrskii & Devyatkin 2016: 77</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
(check list).
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="02208B70024CE248D7D9FE2F276A3EAF" blockId="2.[151,1437,220,489]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitationGroup id="228FAC5E024CE248D7D9FE2F276A3EAF" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024CE248D7D9FE2F22C53E8C" box="[151,401,434,458]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">
|
|||
|
|
Haple
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C59FF0F3024CE248D795FE2E227B3E8C" authorityName="Devyatkin" authorityYear="2002" box="[219,303,435,458]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Halpe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paupera">paupera</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
walthewi
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="833EAD61024CE248D6D8FE2F21263E8C" author="Devyatkin, A. L." box="[406,626,434,458]" page="131" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" year="2002">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024CE248D6D8FE2F21263E8C" author="Devyatkin, A. L." box="[406,626,434,458]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" pagination="127 - 135" refId="ref3893" refString="Devyatkin, A. L. (2002) Hesperiidae of Vietnam, 11. New taxa of the subfamily Hesperiinae (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Atalanta, 33 (½), 127 - 135." type="journal article" year="2002">Devyatkin, 2002: 131</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="DD2435D2024CE248D532FE2E21FC3E8D" box="[636,680,435,459]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
locality:
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="7A88CBE0024CE248D448FE2E202B3E8D" box="[774,895,435,459]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="833EAD61024CE248D4C6FE2E270A3E8C" author="Yuan, F. & Yuan, X. Q. & Xue, G. X." box="[904,1118,434,458]" page="399" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" year="2015">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024CE248D4C6FE2E270A3E8C" author="Yuan, F. & Yuan, X. Q. & Xue, G. X." box="[904,1118,434,458]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" refId="ref4655" refString="Yuan, F., Yuan, X. Q. & Xue, G. X. (2015) Fauna Sinica: Insecta. Vol. 55. Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae. Science Press, Beijing, 754 pp., 15 pls." type="book" year="2015">
|
|||
|
|
Yuan
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024CE248D48FFE2E20B93E8C" box="[961,1005,434,458]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. 2015: 399
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
(description, distribution);
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="833EAD61024CE248D23CFE2E22323EAF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6069740" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6069740" author="Xue, G. X. & Sun, H. & Sun, Z. & Wang, S. N." httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F138195A3EFF8946ABFC21FBF6FAE6" page="321" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" year="2016">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024CE248D23CFE2E22323EAF" author="Xue, G. X. & Sun, H. & Sun, Z. & Wang, S. N." pageId="2" pageNumber="289" pagination="311 - 334" refId="ref4590" refString="Xue, G. X., Sun, H., Sun, Z. & Wang, S. N. (2016) A preliminary checklist of the skippers (Rhopalocera: Hesperiidae) of Guangxi, China. Zootaxa, 4147 (3), 311 - 334. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4147.3.5" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
|||
|
|
Xue
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024CE248D789FE4F23A03EAF" box="[199,244,465,489]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. 2016: 321
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
(discussion on the taxonomic status of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C59FF0F3024CE248D5B9FE4F209F3EAF" authorityName="Devyatkin" authorityYear="2002" box="[759,971,465,489]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Halpe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="paupera" subSpecies="walthewi">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024CE248D5B9FE4F209F3EAF" box="[759,971,465,489]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">H. paupera walthewi</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024CE248D4AFFE4C276A3EAF" bold="true" box="[993,1086,465,489]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">syn. nov.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="4A85D8FB024CE24ED7D9FD8A26363E5B" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="291" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" type="description">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="02208B70024CE248D7D9FD8A262F3D3F" blockId="2.[151,1437,535,850]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">
|
|||
|
|
Although there are only
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="149940F9024CE248D6FAFD85217D3D77" box="[436,553,535,562]" count="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" type="male">two males</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="149940F9024CE248D528FD8521A53D77" box="[614,753,535,562]" count="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" type="female">two females</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
in the
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="DD2435D2024CE248D408FD8520223D74" box="[838,886,536,562]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
series of
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024CE248D4A5FD8A27C33D77" box="[1003,1175,535,561]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">
|
|||
|
|
Haple
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C59FF0F3024CE248D374FD8527C33D77" authorityName="Devyatkin" authorityYear="2002" box="[1082,1175,536,561]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Halpe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paupera">paupera</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, some variation in the wing patterns of both sexes can be noticed, as described by
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024CE248D47FFDA620AE3D13" author="Devyatkin, A. L." box="[817,1018,571,597]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" pagination="127 - 135" refId="ref3893" refString="Devyatkin, A. L. (2002) Hesperiidae of Vietnam, 11. New taxa of the subfamily Hesperiinae (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Atalanta, 33 (½), 127 - 135." type="journal article" year="2002">Devyatkin (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
. By comparing more specimens from different localities, the variability of the species in both external and genital characters are discussed as follows.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="02208B70024CE248D789FD1E20533C17" blockId="2.[151,1437,535,850]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024CE248D789FD1E21003DDB" bold="true" box="[199,596,643,669]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Intraspecific variability in male.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
According to the original description (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024CE248D353FD1E26433DDB" author="Devyatkin, A. L." box="[1053,1303,643,669]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" pagination="127 - 135" refId="ref3893" refString="Devyatkin, A. L. (2002) Hesperiidae of Vietnam, 11. New taxa of the subfamily Hesperiinae (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Atalanta, 33 (½), 127 - 135." type="journal article" year="2002">Devyatkin 2002: 129</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), the upper cell spot on the forewing is well-developed and elongate, while the lower one is much smaller. Judging from the examined specimens in the present paper and figures in literature, the upper cell spot may be elongate (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024CE248D261FD5626213DA3" box="[1327,1397,715,741]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1519,1543]" captionTargetBox="[168,1419,881,1485]" captionTargetId="figure-363@2.[164,1423,871,1493]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Adults of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002. A, B. from Simianshan, Chongqing. A. Specimen ID A46, Genitalia No. CQ162. B. Specimen ID A47, Genitalia No. CQ163. C, D. from Fanjingshan, Guizhou. C. Specimen ID A48, Genitalia No. FJS10. D. Specimen ID A49, Genitalia No. FJS11. E, F. from Longzhou, Guangxi. E. Genitalia No. GXNG67. F. Specimen ID A54, Genitalia No. GXNG16. Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516914" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516914/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: C, F;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024CE248D7FBFD6D22253C4F" author="Maruyama, K." box="[181,369,751,778]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" pagination="15 - 19" refId="ref4291" refString="Maruyama, K. (2010) Some notes on hesperiid butterflies of South East Asia (3). Butterflies, 55, 15 - 19." type="journal article" year="2010">Maruyama 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: fig. 2a, 2b), or equal in size to the spot in space R
|
|||
|
|
<subScript id="9E1B8935024CE248D4EAFC9C20F83C49" attach="left" box="[932,940,769,783]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">5</subScript>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024CE248D4F2FD7227543C4F" box="[956,1024,751,777]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1519,1543]" captionTargetBox="[168,1419,881,1485]" captionTargetId="figure-363@2.[164,1423,871,1493]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Adults of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002. A, B. from Simianshan, Chongqing. A. Specimen ID A46, Genitalia No. CQ162. B. Specimen ID A47, Genitalia No. CQ163. C, D. from Fanjingshan, Guizhou. C. Specimen ID A48, Genitalia No. FJS10. D. Specimen ID A49, Genitalia No. FJS11. E, F. from Longzhou, Guangxi. E. Genitalia No. GXNG67. F. Specimen ID A54, Genitalia No. GXNG16. Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516914" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516914/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: A, B, E); the lower cell spot may be more developed than the upper one (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024CE248D57DFC8E21233C6B" box="[563,631,787,813]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1519,1543]" captionTargetBox="[168,1419,881,1485]" captionTargetId="figure-363@2.[164,1423,871,1493]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Adults of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002. A, B. from Simianshan, Chongqing. A. Specimen ID A46, Genitalia No. CQ162. B. Specimen ID A47, Genitalia No. CQ163. C, D. from Fanjingshan, Guizhou. C. Specimen ID A48, Genitalia No. FJS10. D. Specimen ID A49, Genitalia No. FJS11. E, F. from Longzhou, Guangxi. E. Genitalia No. GXNG67. F. Specimen ID A54, Genitalia No. GXNG16. Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516914" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516914/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: A), or smaller than the latter (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024CE248D49CFC8E27423C6B" box="[978,1046,787,813]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1519,1543]" captionTargetBox="[168,1419,881,1485]" captionTargetId="figure-363@2.[164,1423,871,1493]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Adults of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002. A, B. from Simianshan, Chongqing. A. Specimen ID A46, Genitalia No. CQ162. B. Specimen ID A47, Genitalia No. CQ163. C, D. from Fanjingshan, Guizhou. C. Specimen ID A48, Genitalia No. FJS10. D. Specimen ID A49, Genitalia No. FJS11. E, F. from Longzhou, Guangxi. E. Genitalia No. GXNG67. F. Specimen ID A54, Genitalia No. GXNG16. Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516914" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516914/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: B, C, E;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024CE248D3C8FC8926163C6B" author="Maruyama, K." box="[1158,1346,787,814]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" pagination="15 - 19" refId="ref4291" refString="Maruyama, K. (2010) Some notes on hesperiid butterflies of South East Asia (3). Butterflies, 55, 15 - 19." type="journal article" year="2010">Maruyama 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: fig. 2a, 2b), or absent on the dorsal side of forewing (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024CE248D5D8FCAA218E3C17" box="[662,730,823,849]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1519,1543]" captionTargetBox="[168,1419,881,1485]" captionTargetId="figure-363@2.[164,1423,871,1493]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Adults of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002. A, B. from Simianshan, Chongqing. A. Specimen ID A46, Genitalia No. CQ162. B. Specimen ID A47, Genitalia No. CQ163. C, D. from Fanjingshan, Guizhou. C. Specimen ID A48, Genitalia No. FJS10. D. Specimen ID A49, Genitalia No. FJS11. E, F. from Longzhou, Guangxi. E. Genitalia No. GXNG67. F. Specimen ID A54, Genitalia No. GXNG16. Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516914" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516914/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: F).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="56E0DBF8024CE248D7D9FA72212B3935" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516914" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10516914" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516914/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" startId="2.[151,250,1519,1543]" targetBox="[168,1419,881,1485]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="02208B70024CE248D7D9FA72212B3935" blockId="2.[151,1437,1519,1651]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024CE248D7D9FA7222413941" bold="true" box="[151,277,1519,1543]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Adults of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C59FF0F3024CE248D6CAFA7221803941" authority="Devyatkin, 2002" authorityName="Devyatkin" authorityYear="2002" box="[388,724,1519,1543]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Halpe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paupera">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024CE248D6CAFA7221493941" box="[388,541,1519,1543]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Halpe paupera</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024CE248D568FA7221803941" author="Devyatkin, A. L." box="[550,724,1519,1543]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" pagination="127 - 135" refId="ref3893" refString="Devyatkin, A. L. (2002) Hesperiidae of Vietnam, 11. New taxa of the subfamily Hesperiinae (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Atalanta, 33 (½), 127 - 135." type="journal article" year="2002">Devyatkin, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. A, B. from Simianshan, Chongqing. A. Specimen ID A46, Genitalia No. CQ162. B. Specimen ID A47, Genitalia No. CQ163. C, D. from Fanjingshan, Guizhou. C. Specimen ID A48, Genitalia No. FJS10. D. Specimen ID A49, Genitalia No. FJS11. E, F. from Longzhou, Guangxi. E. Genitalia No. GXNG67. F. Specimen ID A54, Genitalia No. GXNG16. Scale bar = 1 cm.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="02208B70024CE249D789F95822313E07" blockId="2.[151,1437,1733,2012]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,321]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="290" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">
|
|||
|
|
The male genitalia show an impressive variability: the tip of uncus may be rounded (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024CE248D3E2F95827A13999" box="[1196,1269,1733,1759]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1413,1437]" captionTargetBox="[200,1387,357,1379]" captionTargetId="figure-105@3.[188,1400,345,1390]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male genitalia of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Simianshan, Chongqing. Specimen ID A47, Genitalia No. CQ163. A. ring, lateral view. B. uncus and tegumen, dorsal view. C. gnathos and uncus, ventral view. D. ring, anterior view. E. genital capsule, ring removed, lateral view. F. ditto, dorsal view. G. left valva, dorsal view. H. ditto, inner side. I. juxta. J. aedeagus, dorsal view. K. ditto, left side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516916" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516916/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: D;
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024CE248D265F958262639A6" box="[1323,1394,1733,1760]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[201,1385,1297,1941]" captionTargetId="figure-90@5.[189,1398,1288,1949]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. Male genitalia of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Hong Kong. Specimen ID A52, Genitalia No. HK1. A. lateral view. B. oblique view. C. dorsal view. D. ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516922" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516922/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: C;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024CE248D7D9F97722003845" author="Maruyama, K." box="[151,340,1769,1796]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" pagination="15 - 19" refId="ref4291" refString="Maruyama, K. (2010) Some notes on hesperiid butterflies of South East Asia (3). Butterflies, 55, 15 - 19." type="journal article" year="2010">Maruyama 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: fig. 2c) or angled (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024CE248D57FF97421223845" box="[561,630,1769,1795]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1305,1329]" captionTargetBox="[193,1394,314,1276]" captionTargetId="figure-95@4.[183,1403,309,1281]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male genitalia of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Fanjingshan, Guizhou. Specimen ID A45, Genitalia No. FJS9. A. ring, lateral view. B. uncus and tegumen, dorsal view. C. gnathos and uncus, ventral view. D. ring, anterior view. E. genital capsule, ring removed, lateral view. F. ditto, dorsal view. G. left valva, dorsal view. H. ditto, inner side. I. juxta. J. aedeagus, dorsal view. K. ditto, left side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516918" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516918/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: D;
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024CE248D5E8F97421B83845" box="[678,748,1769,1795]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1167,1191]" captionTargetBox="[205,1384,181,1137]" captionTargetId="figure-18@5.[190,1397,181,1143]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male genitalia of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Longzhou, Guangxi. Specimen ID A54, Genitalia No. GXNG16.A. genital capsule, dorsal view. B. ditto, ventral view. C. ditto, lateral view. D. ring, lateral view. E. juxta. F. aedeagus, left side. G. ditto, ventral view. H. ditto, dorsal view. I. right valva, dorsal view. J. ditto, outer side. K. ditto, inner side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516920" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516920/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: A), and the cleft may be shallow and narrow (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024CE248D3B5F97426143845" box="[1275,1344,1769,1795]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1413,1437]" captionTargetBox="[200,1387,357,1379]" captionTargetId="figure-105@3.[188,1400,345,1390]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male genitalia of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Simianshan, Chongqing. Specimen ID A47, Genitalia No. CQ163. A. ring, lateral view. B. uncus and tegumen, dorsal view. C. gnathos and uncus, ventral view. D. ring, anterior view. E. genital capsule, ring removed, lateral view. F. ditto, dorsal view. G. left valva, dorsal view. H. ditto, inner side. I. juxta. J. aedeagus, dorsal view. K. ditto, left side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516916" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516916/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: D;
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024CE248D23EF97423FC3861" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1305,1329]" captionTargetBox="[193,1394,314,1276]" captionTargetId="figure-95@4.[183,1403,309,1281]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male genitalia of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Fanjingshan, Guizhou. Specimen ID A45, Genitalia No. FJS9. A. ring, lateral view. B. uncus and tegumen, dorsal view. C. gnathos and uncus, ventral view. D. ring, anterior view. E. genital capsule, ring removed, lateral view. F. ditto, dorsal view. G. left valva, dorsal view. H. ditto, inner side. I. juxta. J. aedeagus, dorsal view. K. ditto, left side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516918" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516918/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: D), shallow and wide (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024CE248D6E1F89022A03861" box="[431,500,1805,1831]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1167,1191]" captionTargetBox="[205,1384,181,1137]" captionTargetId="figure-18@5.[190,1397,181,1143]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male genitalia of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Longzhou, Guangxi. Specimen ID A54, Genitalia No. GXNG16.A. genital capsule, dorsal view. B. ditto, ventral view. C. ditto, lateral view. D. ring, lateral view. E. juxta. F. aedeagus, left side. G. ditto, ventral view. H. ditto, dorsal view. I. right valva, dorsal view. J. ditto, outer side. K. ditto, inner side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516920" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516920/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: A) or relatively deep (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024CE248D5BFF8902062386E" box="[753,822,1805,1832]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[201,1385,1297,1941]" captionTargetId="figure-90@5.[189,1398,1288,1949]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. Male genitalia of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Hong Kong. Specimen ID A52, Genitalia No. HK1. A. lateral view. B. oblique view. C. dorsal view. D. ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516922" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516922/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: C;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024CE248D42FF890274C3861" author="Devyatkin, A. L." box="[865,1048,1805,1831]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" pagination="127 - 135" refId="ref3893" refString="Devyatkin, A. L. (2002) Hesperiidae of Vietnam, 11. New taxa of the subfamily Hesperiinae (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Atalanta, 33 (½), 127 - 135." type="journal article" year="2002">Devyatkin 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: fig. 3A;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024CE248D331F893266E3861" author="Maruyama, K." box="[1151,1338,1805,1832]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" pagination="15 - 19" refId="ref4291" refString="Maruyama, K. (2010) Some notes on hesperiid butterflies of South East Asia (3). Butterflies, 55, 15 - 19." type="journal article" year="2010">Maruyama 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: fig. 2c); the end of the lateral process of uncus is hooked (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024CE248D587F8AC205B380D" box="[713,783,1841,1867]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1413,1437]" captionTargetBox="[200,1387,357,1379]" captionTargetId="figure-105@3.[188,1400,345,1390]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male genitalia of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Simianshan, Chongqing. Specimen ID A47, Genitalia No. CQ163. A. ring, lateral view. B. uncus and tegumen, dorsal view. C. gnathos and uncus, ventral view. D. ring, anterior view. E. genital capsule, ring removed, lateral view. F. ditto, dorsal view. G. left valva, dorsal view. H. ditto, inner side. I. juxta. J. aedeagus, dorsal view. K. ditto, left side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516916" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516916/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: A;
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024CE248D473F8AC20D7380D" box="[829,899,1841,1867]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1305,1329]" captionTargetBox="[193,1394,314,1276]" captionTargetId="figure-95@4.[183,1403,309,1281]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male genitalia of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Fanjingshan, Guizhou. Specimen ID A45, Genitalia No. FJS9. A. ring, lateral view. B. uncus and tegumen, dorsal view. C. gnathos and uncus, ventral view. D. ring, anterior view. E. genital capsule, ring removed, lateral view. F. ditto, dorsal view. G. left valva, dorsal view. H. ditto, inner side. I. juxta. J. aedeagus, dorsal view. K. ditto, left side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516918" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516918/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: A;
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024CE248D4FFF8AC20A2380A" box="[945,1014,1841,1868]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[201,1385,1297,1941]" captionTargetId="figure-90@5.[189,1398,1288,1949]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. Male genitalia of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Hong Kong. Specimen ID A52, Genitalia No. HK1. A. lateral view. B. oblique view. C. dorsal view. D. ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516922" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516922/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: B;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024CE248D36BF8AF27B6380D" author="Maruyama, K." box="[1061,1250,1841,1868]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" pagination="15 - 19" refId="ref4291" refString="Maruyama, K. (2010) Some notes on hesperiid butterflies of South East Asia (3). Butterflies, 55, 15 - 19." type="journal article" year="2010">Maruyama 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: fig. 2f) or blunt ventrally (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024CE248D645F8C822063829" box="[267,338,1877,1903]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1167,1191]" captionTargetBox="[205,1384,181,1137]" captionTargetId="figure-18@5.[190,1397,181,1143]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male genitalia of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Longzhou, Guangxi. Specimen ID A54, Genitalia No. GXNG16.A. genital capsule, dorsal view. B. ditto, ventral view. C. ditto, lateral view. D. ring, lateral view. E. juxta. F. aedeagus, left side. G. ditto, ventral view. H. ditto, dorsal view. I. right valva, dorsal view. J. ditto, outer side. K. ditto, inner side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516920" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516920/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: D); the costal lobe (“footstalk” by
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024CE248D5A6F8CB20393829" author="Evans, W. H." box="[744,877,1877,1904]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" refId="ref3973" refString="Evans, W. H. (1949) A catalogue of the Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia & Australia in the British Museum (Natural History). The British Museum, London, 502 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 105941" type="book" year="1949">Evans 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
|
) at the base of valva is short and pointed (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024CE248D21FF8C826C33829" box="[1361,1431,1877,1903]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1413,1437]" captionTargetBox="[200,1387,357,1379]" captionTargetId="figure-105@3.[188,1400,345,1390]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male genitalia of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Simianshan, Chongqing. Specimen ID A47, Genitalia No. CQ163. A. ring, lateral view. B. uncus and tegumen, dorsal view. C. gnathos and uncus, ventral view. D. ring, anterior view. E. genital capsule, ring removed, lateral view. F. ditto, dorsal view. G. left valva, dorsal view. H. ditto, inner side. I. juxta. J. aedeagus, dorsal view. K. ditto, left side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516916" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516916/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: F, G, H;
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024CE248D7B6F8E4226838D2" box="[248,316,1913,1940]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[201,1385,1297,1941]" captionTargetId="figure-90@5.[189,1398,1288,1949]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. Male genitalia of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Hong Kong. Specimen ID A52, Genitalia No. HK1. A. lateral view. B. oblique view. C. dorsal view. D. ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516922" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516922/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: C, D;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024CE248D6C5F8E4211738D5" author="Devyatkin, A. L." box="[395,579,1913,1939]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" pagination="127 - 135" refId="ref3893" refString="Devyatkin, A. L. (2002) Hesperiidae of Vietnam, 11. New taxa of the subfamily Hesperiinae (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Atalanta, 33 (½), 127 - 135." type="journal article" year="2002">Devyatkin 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: fig. 3B;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024CE248D5E4F8E7203238D5" author="Maruyama, K." box="[682,870,1913,1940]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" pagination="15 - 19" refId="ref4291" refString="Maruyama, K. (2010) Some notes on hesperiid butterflies of South East Asia (3). Butterflies, 55, 15 - 19." type="journal article" year="2010">Maruyama 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: fig. 2c, 2e, 2f), or missing (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024CE248D3ECF8E427B338D5" box="[1186,1255,1913,1939]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1305,1329]" captionTargetBox="[193,1394,314,1276]" captionTargetId="figure-95@4.[183,1403,309,1281]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male genitalia of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Fanjingshan, Guizhou. Specimen ID A45, Genitalia No. FJS9. A. ring, lateral view. B. uncus and tegumen, dorsal view. C. gnathos and uncus, ventral view. D. ring, anterior view. E. genital capsule, ring removed, lateral view. F. ditto, dorsal view. G. left valva, dorsal view. H. ditto, inner side. I. juxta. J. aedeagus, dorsal view. K. ditto, left side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516918" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516918/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: F, G, H;
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024CE248D21DF8E426CD38D5" box="[1363,1433,1913,1939]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1167,1191]" captionTargetBox="[205,1384,181,1137]" captionTargetId="figure-18@5.[190,1397,181,1143]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male genitalia of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Longzhou, Guangxi. Specimen ID A54, Genitalia No. GXNG16.A. genital capsule, dorsal view. B. ditto, ventral view. C. ditto, lateral view. D. ring, lateral view. E. juxta. F. aedeagus, left side. G. ditto, ventral view. H. ditto, dorsal view. I. right valva, dorsal view. J. ditto, outer side. K. ditto, inner side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516920" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516920/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: A, I, J, K); the proximal branch at distal valva is longer than or equal to the distal one (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024CE248D326F80027FA38F1" box="[1128,1198,1949,1975]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1413,1437]" captionTargetBox="[200,1387,357,1379]" captionTargetId="figure-105@3.[188,1400,345,1390]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male genitalia of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Simianshan, Chongqing. Specimen ID A47, Genitalia No. CQ163. A. ring, lateral view. B. uncus and tegumen, dorsal view. C. gnathos and uncus, ventral view. D. ring, anterior view. E. genital capsule, ring removed, lateral view. F. ditto, dorsal view. G. left valva, dorsal view. H. ditto, inner side. I. juxta. J. aedeagus, dorsal view. K. ditto, left side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516916" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516916/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: E, F, G;
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024CE248D256F800260838F1" box="[1304,1372,1949,1975]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1305,1329]" captionTargetBox="[193,1394,314,1276]" captionTargetId="figure-95@4.[183,1403,309,1281]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male genitalia of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Fanjingshan, Guizhou. Specimen ID A45, Genitalia No. FJS9. A. ring, lateral view. B. uncus and tegumen, dorsal view. C. gnathos and uncus, ventral view. D. ring, anterior view. E. genital capsule, ring removed, lateral view. F. ditto, dorsal view. G. left valva, dorsal view. H. ditto, inner side. I. juxta. J. aedeagus, dorsal view. K. ditto, left side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516918" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516918/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: E, F, G;
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024CE248D7F5F85C2254389A" box="[187,256,1985,2012]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[201,1385,1297,1941]" captionTargetId="figure-90@5.[189,1398,1288,1949]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. Male genitalia of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Hong Kong. Specimen ID A52, Genitalia No. HK1. A. lateral view. B. oblique view. C. dorsal view. D. ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516922" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516922/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: B, C;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024CE248D61EF85C215C389D" author="Devyatkin, A. L." box="[336,520,1985,2011]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" pagination="127 - 135" refId="ref3893" refString="Devyatkin, A. L. (2002) Hesperiidae of Vietnam, 11. New taxa of the subfamily Hesperiinae (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Atalanta, 33 (½), 127 - 135." type="journal article" year="2002">Devyatkin 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: fig. 3B;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024CE248D53FF85F207A389D" author="Maruyama, K." box="[625,814,1985,2012]" pageId="2" pageNumber="289" pagination="15 - 19" refId="ref4291" refString="Maruyama, K. (2010) Some notes on hesperiid butterflies of South East Asia (3). Butterflies, 55, 15 - 19." type="journal article" year="2010">Maruyama 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: fig. 2e), or much shorter than the latter (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024CE248D3B1F85C2612389D" box="[1279,1350,1985,2011]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1167,1191]" captionTargetBox="[205,1384,181,1137]" captionTargetId="figure-18@5.[190,1397,181,1143]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male genitalia of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Longzhou, Guangxi. Specimen ID A54, Genitalia No. GXNG16.A. genital capsule, dorsal view. B. ditto, ventral view. C. ditto, lateral view. D. ring, lateral view. E. juxta. F. aedeagus, left side. G. ditto, ventral view. H. ditto, dorsal view. I. right valva, dorsal view. J. ditto, outer side. K. ditto, inner side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516920" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516920/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="289">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: C, I, J, K); the distal branch is bent upwards (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024DE249D50FFF0A21D23FF7" box="[577,646,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1413,1437]" captionTargetBox="[200,1387,357,1379]" captionTargetId="figure-105@3.[188,1400,345,1390]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male genitalia of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Simianshan, Chongqing. Specimen ID A47, Genitalia No. CQ163. A. ring, lateral view. B. uncus and tegumen, dorsal view. C. gnathos and uncus, ventral view. D. ring, anterior view. E. genital capsule, ring removed, lateral view. F. ditto, dorsal view. G. left valva, dorsal view. H. ditto, inner side. I. juxta. J. aedeagus, dorsal view. K. ditto, left side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516916" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516916/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: E;
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024DE249D5FFFF0A21A13FF7" box="[689,757,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1305,1329]" captionTargetBox="[193,1394,314,1276]" captionTargetId="figure-95@4.[183,1403,309,1281]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male genitalia of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Fanjingshan, Guizhou. Specimen ID A45, Genitalia No. FJS9. A. ring, lateral view. B. uncus and tegumen, dorsal view. C. gnathos and uncus, ventral view. D. ring, anterior view. E. genital capsule, ring removed, lateral view. F. ditto, dorsal view. G. left valva, dorsal view. H. ditto, inner side. I. juxta. J. aedeagus, dorsal view. K. ditto, left side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516918" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516918/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: E;
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024DE249D46FFF0A20323FF7" box="[801,870,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1167,1191]" captionTargetBox="[205,1384,181,1137]" captionTargetId="figure-18@5.[190,1397,181,1143]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male genitalia of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Longzhou, Guangxi. Specimen ID A54, Genitalia No. GXNG16.A. genital capsule, dorsal view. B. ditto, ventral view. C. ditto, lateral view. D. ring, lateral view. E. juxta. F. aedeagus, left side. G. ditto, ventral view. H. ditto, dorsal view. I. right valva, dorsal view. J. ditto, outer side. K. ditto, inner side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516920" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516920/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: C;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024DE249D4DFFF0A271D3FF7" author="Devyatkin, A. L." box="[913,1097,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" pagination="127 - 135" refId="ref3893" refString="Devyatkin, A. L. (2002) Hesperiidae of Vietnam, 11. New taxa of the subfamily Hesperiinae (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Atalanta, 33 (½), 127 - 135." type="journal article" year="2002">Devyatkin 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: fig. 3B;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024DE249D3E1FF0A263F3FF7" author="Maruyama, K." box="[1199,1387,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" pagination="15 - 19" refId="ref4291" refString="Maruyama, K. (2010) Some notes on hesperiid butterflies of South East Asia (3). Butterflies, 55, 15 - 19." type="journal article" year="2010">Maruyama 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: fig. 2d) or semi-erect (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024DE249D626FF2622FA3F93" box="[360,430,186,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[201,1385,1297,1941]" captionTargetId="figure-90@5.[189,1398,1288,1949]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. Male genitalia of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Hong Kong. Specimen ID A52, Genitalia No. HK1. A. lateral view. B. oblique view. C. dorsal view. D. ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516922" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516922/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: A), it may be elongated (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024DE249D59DFF26204D3F93" box="[723,793,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1413,1437]" captionTargetBox="[200,1387,357,1379]" captionTargetId="figure-105@3.[188,1400,345,1390]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male genitalia of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Simianshan, Chongqing. Specimen ID A47, Genitalia No. CQ163. A. ring, lateral view. B. uncus and tegumen, dorsal view. C. gnathos and uncus, ventral view. D. ring, anterior view. E. genital capsule, ring removed, lateral view. F. ditto, dorsal view. G. left valva, dorsal view. H. ditto, inner side. I. juxta. J. aedeagus, dorsal view. K. ditto, left side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516916" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516916/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: E;
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024DE249D408FF2620DF3F93" box="[838,907,186,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[201,1385,1297,1941]" captionTargetId="figure-90@5.[189,1398,1288,1949]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. Male genitalia of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Hong Kong. Specimen ID A52, Genitalia No. HK1. A. lateral view. B. oblique view. C. dorsal view. D. ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516922" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516922/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: B;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024DE249D4F4FF2627263F93" author="Devyatkin, A. L." box="[954,1138,187,213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" pagination="127 - 135" refId="ref3893" refString="Devyatkin, A. L. (2002) Hesperiidae of Vietnam, 11. New taxa of the subfamily Hesperiinae (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Atalanta, 33 (½), 127 - 135." type="journal article" year="2002">Devyatkin 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: fig. 3B;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024DE249D395FF2626CC3F93" author="Maruyama, K." box="[1243,1432,187,213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" pagination="15 - 19" refId="ref4291" refString="Maruyama, K. (2010) Some notes on hesperiid butterflies of South East Asia (3). Butterflies, 55, 15 - 19." type="journal article" year="2010">Maruyama 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: fig. 2d, 2e) or relatively shorter but much more expanded (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024DE249D470FF4220D13FBF" box="[830,901,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1305,1329]" captionTargetBox="[193,1394,314,1276]" captionTargetId="figure-95@4.[183,1403,309,1281]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male genitalia of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Fanjingshan, Guizhou. Specimen ID A45, Genitalia No. FJS9. A. ring, lateral view. B. uncus and tegumen, dorsal view. C. gnathos and uncus, ventral view. D. ring, anterior view. E. genital capsule, ring removed, lateral view. F. ditto, dorsal view. G. left valva, dorsal view. H. ditto, inner side. I. juxta. J. aedeagus, dorsal view. K. ditto, left side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516918" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516918/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: E;
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024DE249D4FBFF4220A93FBF" box="[949,1021,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1167,1191]" captionTargetBox="[205,1384,181,1137]" captionTargetId="figure-18@5.[190,1397,181,1143]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male genitalia of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Longzhou, Guangxi. Specimen ID A54, Genitalia No. GXNG16.A. genital capsule, dorsal view. B. ditto, ventral view. C. ditto, lateral view. D. ring, lateral view. E. juxta. F. aedeagus, left side. G. ditto, ventral view. H. ditto, dorsal view. I. right valva, dorsal view. J. ditto, outer side. K. ditto, inner side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516920" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516920/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: C). Characters of other parts of the male genitalia, such as gnathos, aedeagus and juxta, are identical in the examined specimens and the description by
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024DE249D7D9FEBA22353E07" author="Devyatkin, A. L." box="[151,353,295,321]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" pagination="127 - 135" refId="ref3893" refString="Devyatkin, A. L. (2002) Hesperiidae of Vietnam, 11. New taxa of the subfamily Hesperiinae (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Atalanta, 33 (½), 127 - 135." type="journal article" year="2002">Devyatkin (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="56E0DBF8024DE249D7D9FA182167394C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516916" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10516916" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516916/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" startId="3.[151,250,1413,1437]" targetBox="[200,1387,357,1379]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="02208B70024DE249D7D9FA182167394C" blockId="3.[151,1437,1413,1546]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024DE249D7D9FA1822473ADB" bold="true" box="[151,275,1413,1437]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Male genitalia of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C59FF0F3024DE249D682FA1B20403AD8" authority="Devyatkin, 2002" authorityName="Devyatkin" authorityYear="2002" box="[460,788,1414,1438]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Halpe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paupera">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024DE249D682FA1B21313ADB" box="[460,613,1414,1438]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Halpe paupera</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024DE249D525FA1B20403AD8" author="Devyatkin, A. L." box="[619,788,1414,1438]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" pagination="127 - 135" refId="ref3893" refString="Devyatkin, A. L. (2002) Hesperiidae of Vietnam, 11. New taxa of the subfamily Hesperiinae (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Atalanta, 33 (½), 127 - 135." type="journal article" year="2002">Devyatkin, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
from Simianshan, Chongqing. Specimen ID A47, Genitalia No. CQ163. A. ring, lateral view. B. uncus and tegumen, dorsal view. C. gnathos and uncus, ventral view. D. ring, anterior view. E. genital capsule, ring removed, lateral view. F.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024DE249D5DCFA5321943AA0" box="[658,704,1486,1510]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">ditto</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, dorsal view. G. left valva, dorsal view. H.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024DE249D3CBFA5327E73AA0" box="[1157,1203,1486,1510]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">ditto</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, inner side. I. juxta. J. aedeagus, dorsal view. K.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024DE249D6EEFA6F229A394C" box="[416,462,1522,1546]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">ditto</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, left side.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="02208B70024DE24ED789F9C626363E5B" blockId="3.[151,1437,1627,2014]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,285]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="291" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024DE249D789F9C621093933" bold="true" box="[199,605,1627,1653]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Intraspecific variability in female.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024DE249D52DF9C1207E3930" author="Devyatkin, A. L." box="[611,810,1628,1654]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" pagination="127 - 135" refId="ref3893" refString="Devyatkin, A. L. (2002) Hesperiidae of Vietnam, 11. New taxa of the subfamily Hesperiinae (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Atalanta, 33 (½), 127 - 135." type="journal article" year="2002">Devyatkin (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
described
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024DE249D4ECF9C127E33930" box="[930,1207,1628,1654]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">
|
|||
|
|
Haple
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C59FF0F3024DE249D4A0F9C0271F3930" authorityName="Devyatkin" authorityYear="2002" box="[1006,1099,1629,1654]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Halpe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paupera">paupera</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
walthewi
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
as a new subspecies based upon
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="149940F9024DE249D653F91D22CD39DC" box="[285,409,1664,1690]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" type="female">one female</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
specimen from
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="7A88CBE0024DE249D501F91D218239DC" box="[591,726,1664,1690]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, because the lower cell spot on the forewing of the specimen is well developed (visible as a small dot on both sides of forewing in the nominate subspecies), and there are two small but sharp (especially on the ventral side) spots present in space Cu
|
|||
|
|
<subScript id="9E1B8935024DE249D4C8F94720DA39AE" attach="left" box="[902,910,1754,1768]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">2</subScript>
|
|||
|
|
, directed to the middle of vein 2A (no trace of such spots in the nominate
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C59FF0F3024DE249D682F970217D3840" authorityName="Devyatkin" authorityYear="2002" box="[460,553,1773,1798]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Halpe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paupera">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024DE249D682F970217D3840" box="[460,553,1773,1798]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">paupera</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
) (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024DE249D50CF97120613840" author="Devyatkin, A. L." box="[578,821,1772,1798]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" pagination="127 - 135" refId="ref3893" refString="Devyatkin, A. L. (2002) Hesperiidae of Vietnam, 11. New taxa of the subfamily Hesperiinae (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Atalanta, 33 (½), 127 - 135." type="journal article" year="2002">Devyatkin 2002: 129</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, 131, pl. IV, fig. 5–8). Although
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024DE249D3E7F97126253840" author="Devyatkin, A. L." box="[1193,1393,1772,1798]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" pagination="127 - 135" refId="ref3893" refString="Devyatkin, A. L. (2002) Hesperiidae of Vietnam, 11. New taxa of the subfamily Hesperiinae (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Atalanta, 33 (½), 127 - 135." type="journal article" year="2002">Devyatkin (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
did not provide photos of female
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C59FF0F3024DE249D6AAF88C277A386C" authority=", Nakamura & Wakahara (2012" authorityName=", Nakamura & Wakahara" authorityYear="2012" box="[484,1070,1808,1834]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Halpe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="paupera" subSpecies="paupera">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024DE249D6AAF88C219D386C" box="[484,713,1809,1834]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">H. paupera paupera</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024DE249D596F88D277A386C" author="Nakamura, N. & Wakahara, H." box="[728,1070,1808,1834]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" pagination="19 - 85" refId="ref4364" refString="Nakamura, N. & Wakahara, H. (2012) A revised checklist of the butterflies of the Lao P. D. R. (Insecta: Lepidoptera). Evolutionary Sciences, 17, 19 - 85." type="journal article" year="2012">Nakamura & Wakahara (2012</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
: pl. 25, fig. He-112) illustrated a female specimen from central
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="7A88CBE0024DE249D6BCF8A9217F3808" box="[498,555,1844,1870]" name="Laos" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Laos</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, of which the wing patterns agree with
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024DE249D4BCF8A927EA3808" author="Devyatkin, A. L." box="[1010,1214,1844,1870]" pageId="3" pageNumber="290" pagination="127 - 135" refId="ref3893" refString="Devyatkin, A. L. (2002) Hesperiidae of Vietnam, 11. New taxa of the subfamily Hesperiinae (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Atalanta, 33 (½), 127 - 135." type="journal article" year="2002">Devyatkin (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
’s description of the nominate subspecies. However, judging from the female specimens from
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="7A88CBE0024DE249D48BF8C527133834" box="[965,1095,1880,1906]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
examined in the present study, the lower cell spot on the forewing may be developed (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024DE249D448F8E1201838D0" box="[774,844,1916,1942]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[151,250,612,636]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,185,588]" captionTargetId="figure-20@6.[164,1423,181,588]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. Female adults of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Hong Kong. Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516924" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516924/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: B) or reduced and much smaller than the upper one (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024DE249D7D1F83D23B138FC" box="[159,229,1952,1978]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[151,250,612,636]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,185,588]" captionTargetId="figure-20@6.[164,1423,181,588]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. Female adults of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Hong Kong. Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516924" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516924/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: A, C, D); in space Cu
|
|||
|
|
<subScript id="9E1B8935024DE249D6ADF82F22BF3886" attach="left" box="[483,491,1970,1984]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">2</subScript>
|
|||
|
|
, there is a dot adjacent to the middle of vein 2A, and it is well defined on the dorsal side of the wing but vestigial on the ventral side (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024DE249D5F8F85921AE3898" box="[694,762,1988,2014]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[151,250,612,636]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,185,588]" captionTargetId="figure-20@6.[164,1423,181,588]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. Female adults of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Hong Kong. Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516924" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516924/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="290">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: A, B); the spot, however, is absent on the dorsal side or both sides of forewing in some individuals (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024AE24ED51FFF0A21C33FF7" box="[593,663,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[151,250,612,636]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,185,588]" captionTargetId="figure-20@6.[164,1423,181,588]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. Female adults of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 from Hong Kong. Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516924" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516924/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: C, D). Moreover, a female specimen from Guizhou bears relatively developed lower cell spot but no spot in space Cu
|
|||
|
|
<subScript id="9E1B8935024AE24ED584FF5021863F9D" attach="left" box="[714,722,205,219]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">2</subScript>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024AE24ED5ACFF2620733F93" box="[738,807,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1519,1543]" captionTargetBox="[168,1419,881,1485]" captionTargetId="figure-363@2.[164,1423,871,1493]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Adults of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002. A, B. from Simianshan, Chongqing. A. Specimen ID A46, Genitalia No. CQ162. B. Specimen ID A47, Genitalia No. CQ163. C, D. from Fanjingshan, Guizhou. C. Specimen ID A48, Genitalia No. FJS10. D. Specimen ID A49, Genitalia No. FJS11. E, F. from Longzhou, Guangxi. E. Genitalia No. GXNG67. F. Specimen ID A54, Genitalia No. GXNG16. Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516914" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516914/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: D). Therefore, the population from
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="7A88CBE0024AE24ED388FF26261E3F93" box="[1222,1354,187,213]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
cannot be separated from the nominate subspecies by wing patterns of the female, and the
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="DD2435D2024AE24ED376FF4227CE3FBF" box="[1080,1178,223,249]" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
of
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024AE24ED3F1FF4226703FBF" box="[1215,1316,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">walthewi</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
represents an aberration, as pointed out by
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024AE24ED6B1FE9E219D3E5B" author="Devyatkin, A. L." box="[511,713,259,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" pagination="127 - 135" refId="ref3893" refString="Devyatkin, A. L. (2002) Hesperiidae of Vietnam, 11. New taxa of the subfamily Hesperiinae (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Atalanta, 33 (½), 127 - 135." type="journal article" year="2002">Devyatkin (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
. Thus,
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024AE24ED457FE9E202A3E5B" box="[793,894,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">walthewi</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
is treated as a synonym of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C59FF0F3024AE24ED3FEFE9E26593E5A" authorityName="Devyatkin" authorityYear="2002" box="[1200,1293,259,284]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Halpe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paupera">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024AE24ED3FEFE9E26593E5A" box="[1200,1293,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">paupera</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
herein.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="56E0DBF8024AE24ED7D9FA8421673ADB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516918" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10516918" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516918/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" startId="4.[151,250,1305,1329]" targetBox="[193,1394,314,1276]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="02208B70024AE24ED7D9FA8421673ADB" blockId="4.[151,1437,1305,1437]" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024AE24ED7D9FA8422403A77" bold="true" box="[151,276,1305,1329]" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Male genitalia of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C59FF0F3024AE24ED69DFA84204A3A77" authority="Devyatkin, 2002" authorityName="Devyatkin" authorityYear="2002" box="[467,798,1305,1329]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Halpe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paupera">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024AE24ED69DFA8421383A77" box="[467,620,1305,1329]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Halpe paupera</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024AE24ED53AFA84204A3A77" author="Devyatkin, A. L." box="[628,798,1305,1329]" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" pagination="127 - 135" refId="ref3893" refString="Devyatkin, A. L. (2002) Hesperiidae of Vietnam, 11. New taxa of the subfamily Hesperiinae (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Atalanta, 33 (½), 127 - 135." type="journal article" year="2002">Devyatkin, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
from Fanjingshan, Guizhou. Specimen ID A45, Genitalia No. FJS9. A. ring, lateral view. B. uncus and tegumen, dorsal view. C. gnathos and uncus, ventral view. D. ring, anterior view. E. genital capsule, ring removed, lateral view. F.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024AE24ED5DCFAFC21943A3F" box="[658,704,1377,1401]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">ditto</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, dorsal view. G. left valva, dorsal view. H.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024AE24ED3CBFAFC27E73A3F" box="[1157,1203,1377,1401]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">ditto</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, inner side. I. juxta. J. aedeagus, dorsal view. K.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024AE24ED6EEFA18229A3ADB" box="[416,462,1413,1437]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">ditto</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, left side.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="4A85D8FB024AE24ED789FA722160380B" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" type="distribution">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="02208B70024AE24ED789FA722160380B" blockId="4.[151,1437,1519,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024AE24ED789FA722145394F" bold="true" box="[199,529,1519,1546]" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Distribution and bionomics.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
In the present study, three new localities are found for
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C59FF0F3024AE24ED32DFA72265E394F" authorityName="Devyatkin" authorityYear="2002" box="[1123,1290,1519,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Halpe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paupera">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024AE24ED32DFA72265E394F" box="[1123,1290,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Halpe paupera</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024AE24ED259FA72260E394C" box="[1303,1370,1519,1546]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1573,1597]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,661,1550]" captionTargetId="figure-41@6.[164,1423,661,1550]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 7. Distribution of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002. Black circle. Known locality. Red circle. New record locality. A. Simianshan, Chongqing. B. Fanjingshan, Guizhou. C. Longzhou, Guangxi." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516926" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516926/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), and, therefore, its distribution range is significantly extended northward. At Simianshan in Chongqing, the northernmost locality (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024AE24ED7B5F9AA22153914" box="[251,321,1591,1618]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1573,1597]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,661,1550]" captionTargetId="figure-41@6.[164,1423,661,1550]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 7. Distribution of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002. Black circle. Known locality. Red circle. New record locality. A. Simianshan, Chongqing. B. Fanjingshan, Guizhou. C. Longzhou, Guangxi." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516926" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516926/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: A), the species was found at an altitude of 1,500 meters. At Fanjingshan in Guizhou (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024AE24ED25EF9AA26023914" box="[1296,1366,1591,1618]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1573,1597]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,661,1550]" captionTargetId="figure-41@6.[164,1423,661,1550]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 7. Distribution of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002. Black circle. Known locality. Red circle. New record locality. A. Simianshan, Chongqing. B. Fanjingshan, Guizhou. C. Longzhou, Guangxi." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516926" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516926/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: B), it was observed flying around the canopy at an altitude of
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="67ABEDB7024AE24ED45AF9C120073930" box="[788,851,1628,1654]" degrees="1,000" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" precision="55" value="1.0">1,000</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="67ABEDB7024AE24ED41DF9C120F53930" box="[851,929,1628,1654]" degrees="1,300" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" precision="55" value="-1.3">–1,300</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
meters and sometimes perching on leaves in a typical posture of the subfamily
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C59FF0F3024AE24ED552F9E221F639DF" box="[540,674,1663,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hesperiinae">Hesperiinae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024AE24ED5FDF9E221AC39DC" box="[691,760,1663,1690]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="7.[151,250,990,1014]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,181,967]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[158,1430,181,967]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 8. Male adult of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 20002 in nature (Specimen ID A45, Genitalia No. FJS9). Photographed by Xue Guoxi at Fanjingshan, Guizhou." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516928" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516928/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Near the border with
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="7A88CBE0024AE24ED34CF9E2273539DF" box="[1026,1121,1663,1689]" name="Vietnam" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024AE24ED33FF9E227EC39DC" box="[1137,1208,1663,1690]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1573,1597]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,661,1550]" captionTargetId="figure-41@6.[164,1423,661,1550]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 7. Distribution of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002. Black circle. Known locality. Red circle. New record locality. A. Simianshan, Chongqing. B. Fanjingshan, Guizhou. C. Longzhou, Guangxi." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516926" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516926/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: C), it is a very rare species and was discovered at an altitude of 160 meters, not far from villages. In the northern part of its distribution range (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024AE24ED7AAF95A227D39A4" box="[228,297,1735,1762]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1573,1597]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,661,1550]" captionTargetId="figure-41@6.[164,1423,661,1550]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 7. Distribution of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002. Black circle. Known locality. Red circle. New record locality. A. Simianshan, Chongqing. B. Fanjingshan, Guizhou. C. Longzhou, Guangxi." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516926" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516926/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: A, B), the adult flies from mid-July to mid-August, while in southern Guangxi (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024AE24ED3E4F95A27BB39A4" box="[1194,1263,1735,1762]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1573,1597]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,661,1550]" captionTargetId="figure-41@6.[164,1423,661,1550]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 7. Distribution of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002. Black circle. Known locality. Red circle. New record locality. A. Simianshan, Chongqing. B. Fanjingshan, Guizhou. C. Longzhou, Guangxi." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516926" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516926/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: C) and Hainan it was found in May. The population in
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="7A88CBE0024AE24ED52CF97121B33840" box="[610,743,1772,1798]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
is bivoltine with adult on the wing in May and October and diapause as early instar larva in winter. Larvae in
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="7A88CBE0024AE24ED58EF88D2016386C" box="[704,834,1808,1834]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="9AA497F5024AE24ED41FF89220C0386C" box="[849,916,1807,1834]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1486,1510]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,1075,1462]" captionTargetId="figure-46@7.[158,1430,1075,1462]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 9. Mature larva of Halpe paupera Devyatkin, 2002 on Indocalamus herklotsii. Photographed by Yik Fui Philip Lo in Hong Kong." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516930" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516930/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) are known to feed on
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C59FF0F3024AE24ED3DAF89226C1386F" box="[1172,1429,1807,1833]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Indocalamus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="herklotsii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024AE24ED3DAF89226C1386F" box="[1172,1429,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="291">Indocalamus herklotsii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, a bamboo species of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C59FF0F3024AE24ED6CCF8A9228A3808" authorityName="Barnhart" authorityYear="1895" baseAuthorityName="R.Br." box="[386,478,1844,1870]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="291" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
family.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="56E0DBF8024BE24FD7D9FB12261C3BA9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516920" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10516920" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516920/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="292" startId="5.[151,250,1167,1191]" targetBox="[205,1384,181,1137]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="02208B70024BE24FD7D9FB12261C3BA9" blockId="5.[151,1437,1167,1264]" pageId="5" pageNumber="292">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024BE24FD7D9FB1222413BE1" bold="true" box="[151,277,1167,1191]" pageId="5" pageNumber="292">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Male genitalia of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C59FF0F3024BE24FD697FB12207D3BEE" authority="Devyatkin, 2002" authorityName="Devyatkin" authorityYear="2002" box="[473,809,1167,1192]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Halpe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="292" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paupera">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024BE24FD697FB1221203BE1" box="[473,628,1167,1191]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="292">Halpe paupera</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024BE24FD533FB12207D3BEE" author="Devyatkin, A. L." box="[637,809,1167,1192]" pageId="5" pageNumber="292" pagination="127 - 135" refId="ref3893" refString="Devyatkin, A. L. (2002) Hesperiidae of Vietnam, 11. New taxa of the subfamily Hesperiinae (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Atalanta, 33 (½), 127 - 135." type="journal article" year="2002">Devyatkin, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
from Longzhou, Guangxi. Specimen ID A54, Genitalia No. GXNG16. A. genital capsule, dorsal view. B.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024BE24FD511FB2E21D93B8D" box="[607,653,1203,1227]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="292">ditto</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, ventral view. C.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024BE24FD472FB2E203E3B8D" box="[828,874,1203,1227]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="292">ditto</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, lateral view. D. ring, lateral view. E. juxta. F. aedeagus, left side. G.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024BE24FD65AFB4A22163BA9" box="[276,322,1239,1263]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="292">ditto</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, ventral view. H.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024BE24FD6B9FB4A21713BA9" box="[503,549,1239,1263]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="292">ditto</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, dorsal view. I. right valva, dorsal view. J.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024BE24FD496FB4A27523BA9" box="[984,1030,1239,1263]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="292">ditto</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, outer side. K.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024BE24FD3ECFB4A27843BA9" box="[1186,1232,1239,1263]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="292">ditto</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, inner side.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="56E0DBF8024BE24FD7D9F829205238B6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516922" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10516922" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516922/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="292" startId="5.[151,250,1972,1996]" targetBox="[201,1385,1297,1941]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="02208B70024BE24FD7D9F829205238B6" blockId="5.[151,1437,1972,2032]" pageId="5" pageNumber="292">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024BE24FD7D9F8292241388A" bold="true" box="[151,277,1972,1996]" pageId="5" pageNumber="292">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Male genitalia of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C59FF0F3024BE24FD698F8292077388A" authority="Devyatkin, 2002" authorityName="Devyatkin" authorityYear="2002" box="[470,803,1972,1996]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Halpe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="292" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paupera">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB5762024BE24FD698F8292124388A" box="[470,624,1972,1996]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="292">Halpe paupera</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF681024BE24FD536F8292077388A" author="Devyatkin, A. L." box="[632,803,1972,1996]" pageId="5" pageNumber="292" pagination="127 - 135" refId="ref3893" refString="Devyatkin, A. L. (2002) Hesperiidae of Vietnam, 11. New taxa of the subfamily Hesperiinae (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Atalanta, 33 (½), 127 - 135." type="journal article" year="2002">Devyatkin, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
from Hong Kong. Specimen ID A52, Genitalia No. HK1. A. lateral view. B. oblique view. C. dorsal view. D. ventral view.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="56E0DBF80248E24CD7D9FDF927D03D3A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516924" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10516924" box="[151,1156,612,637]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516924/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="293" startId="6.[151,250,612,636]" targetBox="[164,1423,185,588]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="02208B700248E24CD7D9FDF927D03D3A" blockId="6.[151,1156,612,637]" box="[151,1156,612,637]" pageId="6" pageNumber="293">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB57620248E24CD7D9FDF922473D3B" bold="true" box="[151,275,612,637]" pageId="6" pageNumber="293">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Female adults of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C59FF0F30248E24CD687FDF820453D3B" authority="Devyatkin, 2002" authorityName="Devyatkin" authorityYear="2002" box="[457,785,613,637]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Halpe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paupera">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB57620248E24CD687FDF821353D3A" box="[457,609,613,637]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="293">Halpe paupera</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF6810248E24CD526FDF820453D3B" author="Devyatkin, A. L." box="[616,785,613,637]" pageId="6" pageNumber="293" pagination="127 - 135" refId="ref3893" refString="Devyatkin, A. L. (2002) Hesperiidae of Vietnam, 11. New taxa of the subfamily Hesperiinae (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Atalanta, 33 (½), 127 - 135." type="journal article" year="2002">Devyatkin, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
from Hong Kong. Scale bar = 1 cm.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="56E0DBF80248E24CD7D9F9B820C53927" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10516926" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10516926" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10516926/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="293" startId="6.[151,250,1573,1597]" targetBox="[164,1423,661,1550]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="02208B700248E24CD7D9F9B820C53927" blockId="6.[151,1437,1573,1633]" pageId="6" pageNumber="293">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB57620248E24CD7D9F9B82247397B" bold="true" box="[151,275,1573,1597]" pageId="6" pageNumber="293">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Distribution of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C59FF0F30248E24CD6F9F9B82057397B" authority="Devyatkin, 2002" authorityName="Devyatkin" authorityYear="2002" box="[439,771,1573,1597]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Halpe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paupera">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB57620248E24CD6F9F9B8211B397B" box="[439,591,1573,1597]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="293">Halpe paupera</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF6810248E24CD518F9B82057397B" author="Devyatkin, A. L." box="[598,771,1573,1597]" pageId="6" pageNumber="293" pagination="127 - 135" refId="ref3893" refString="Devyatkin, A. L. (2002) Hesperiidae of Vietnam, 11. New taxa of the subfamily Hesperiinae (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Atalanta, 33 (½), 127 - 135." type="journal article" year="2002">Devyatkin, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. Black circle. Known locality. Red circle. New record locality. A. Simianshan, Chongqing. B. Fanjingshan, Guizhou. C. Longzhou, Guangxi.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="4A85D8FB0248E24CD789F92E270138AB" pageId="6" pageNumber="293" type="discussion">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="02208B700248E24CD789F92E23893818" blockId="6.[151,1436,1715,2030]" pageId="6" pageNumber="293">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB57620248E24CD789F92E2200398B" bold="true" box="[199,340,1715,1741]" pageId="6" pageNumber="293">Conclusion.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C59FF0F30248E24CD611F92E215F398B" authorityName="Devyatkin" authorityYear="2002" box="[351,523,1715,1741]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Halpe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paupera">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB57620248E24CD611F92E215F398B" box="[351,523,1715,1741]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="293">Halpe paupera</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
exhibits remarkable morphological variability in both wing patterns and male genitalia.The subspecies
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB57620248E24CD6E0F94A214739B7" box="[430,531,1751,1777]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="293">walthewi</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
cannot be distinguished from the nominate subspecies by any stable morphological characters, and therefore should be considered a synonym of the latter. The north boundary of this species reaches southwestern
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="C05B45920248E24CD67FF88222F9387F" box="[305,429,1823,1849]" country="China" name="Chongqing" pageId="6" pageNumber="293">Chongqing</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
of
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="7A88CBE00248E24CD69EF8822143387F" box="[464,535,1823,1849]" name="China" pageId="6" pageNumber="293">China</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
. The taxon was observed at the altitude of 160–1500 meters within its distribution range.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="02208B700248E24CD789F8FA270138AB" blockId="6.[151,1436,1715,2030]" pageId="6" pageNumber="293">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB57620248E24CD789F8FA221838C7" bold="true" box="[199,332,1895,1921]" pageId="6" pageNumber="293">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
A very similar species,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C59FF0F30248E24CD52AF8FA208A38C4" authority="Devyatkin, 2008" authorityName="Devyatkin" authorityYear="2008" box="[612,990,1895,1922]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Halpe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="babensis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB57620248E24CD52AF8FA204038C7" box="[612,788,1895,1921]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="293">Halpe babensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF6810248E24CD450F8FA208A38C4" author="Devyatkin, A. L." box="[798,990,1895,1922]" pageId="6" pageNumber="293" pagination="292 - 296" refId="ref3931" refString="Devyatkin, A. L. (2008) Hesperiidae of Vietnam, 18. Three new species of Halpe Moore, 1878 (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Atalanta, 39 (1 - 4), 292 - 296." type="journal article" year="2008">Devyatkin, 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, was described from northern
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="7A88CBE00248E24CD273F8FA26C838C7" box="[1341,1436,1895,1921]" name="Vietnam" pageId="6" pageNumber="293">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
based upon
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="149940F90248E24CD653F81122D638E3" box="[285,386,1931,1958]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="293" type="male">one male</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
specimen. Judging from the original description (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="660EF6810248E24CD4FFF81627F638E0" author="Devyatkin, A. L." box="[945,1186,1931,1958]" pageId="6" pageNumber="293" pagination="292 - 296" refId="ref3931" refString="Devyatkin, A. L. (2008) Hesperiidae of Vietnam, 18. Three new species of Halpe Moore, 1878 (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Atalanta, 39 (1 - 4), 292 - 296." type="journal article" year="2008">Devyatkin 2008: 293</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, fig. 3; pl. 19A: fig. 5, 6), characters of the wing pattern and male genitalia of this species fall into the intraspecific variation of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C59FF0F30248E24CD250F82D26C8388F" authorityName="Devyatkin" authorityYear="2002" box="[1310,1436,1968,1993]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Halpe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paupera">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB57620248E24CD250F82D26C8388F" box="[1310,1436,1968,1993]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="293">H. paupera</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
as discussed above. Hence the taxonomic status of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C59FF0F30248E24CD59DF849200338AB" authorityName="Devyatkin" authorityYear="2008" box="[723,855,2003,2029]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Halpe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="babensis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="30EB57620248E24CD59DF849200338AB" box="[723,855,2003,2029]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="293">H. babensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
requires further study.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|