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<mods:title id="EE5FBEF3DC7D504DF5174A6B7408BC6F">Descriptions of ten new species of Turraea L. (Meliaceae, Turraeeae) from Madagascar with notes on the species described by Buchenau</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5F88D6016E15879BBB3C4AE989CCFE94">Callmander, Martin W.</mods:namePart>
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<emphasis id="ACDFEAF9E3623133894A18E5FD86FF0A" bold="true" box="[340,567,215,242]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Turraea sambavensis</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="9E1436EBE362313388A018C5FD7CFEEA" blockId="15.[190,717,215,306]" box="[190,717,248,274]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">J.-F. Leroy &amp; Lescot ex Callm. &amp; Nusb., sp. nov.</paragraph>
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(
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)
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. — 
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<emphasis id="ACDFEAF9E3623133893F196CFE53FE90" box="[289,482,336,360]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Turraea sambavensis</emphasis>
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can be distinguished by its large flowers (
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long), white becoming sulfur yellow with a sweet fragrance, the length of its staminal tube ([3-]5-5.5[- 6] cm long) and appendices (
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long) with a tapering blade, twisted at apex, and by its glabrous capsule.
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. — 
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<collectingCountry id="E6BC767BE362313388F619D7FEEDFDFA" box="[232,348,490,514]" name="Madagascar" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
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• 
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[Prov. 
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], au 
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; fl., imm. fr.; 
<emphasis id="ACDFEAF9E3623133889C1A22FEE3FDCF" box="[130,338,543,567]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Service Forestier 27118</emphasis>
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(
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, 
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.
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<paragraph id="9E1436EBE3623133889A1A54FE05FD63" blockId="15.[130,777,336,1387]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">
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. — Flowers in September to December, immature fruits in November-December.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D6B16560E3623133889A1A8EFE03FD1D" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="9E1436EBE3623133889A1A8EFE03FD1D" blockId="15.[130,777,336,1387]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY. — The new species is restricted to littoral forests at low elevation.</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="D6B16560E3623133889A1AC3FE20FB7A" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" type="etymology">
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. — The species epithet refers to the city of Sambava where the new species has been collected.
</paragraph>
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. — The new species has not been collected since 1966 and is restricted to highly threatened littoral forests south of Sambava that are under severe pressure from local communities through logging for construction and firewood, slash-and-burn agriculture and large-scale oil palm plantations (
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Consiglio 
<emphasis id="ACDFEAF9E36231338AC81B8FFCB9FC31" box="[726,776,945,969]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">et al.</emphasis>
2006
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="FA3A4B1AE362313388DA1BF1FEEAFC1C" author="DE BLOCK P." box="[196,347,971,996]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" pagination="1 - 99" refId="ref17428" refString="DE BLOCK P. 2022. - Monograph of the western Indian Ocean genus Paracephaelis (Rubiaceae - Pavetteae), with description of thirteen new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 801: 1 - 99. https: // doi. org / 10.5852 / ejt. 2022.801.1685" type="journal article" year="2022">De Block 2022</bibRefCitation>
). The new species has not been collected or observed for more than fifty-five years and could therefore be possibly extinct. With an AOO of 
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² and two known localities, none situated within a protected area network, 
<taxonomicName id="59AB4D68E36231338A591C21FCB7FBCB" authorityName="Callmander &amp; Nusbaumer" authorityYear="2024" box="[583,774,1051,1075]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Meliaceae" genus="Turraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sambavensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="ACDFEAF9E36231338A591C21FCB7FBCB" box="[583,774,1051,1075]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Turraea sambavensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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is therefore preliminary assessed as “Critically Endangered (PE)” [CR (PE)] in accordance with IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (
<bibRefCitation id="FA3A4B1AE362313389171C57FE32FB7A" author="IUCN" box="[265,387,1130,1154]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" refId="ref17802" refString="IUCN 2012. - IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 3.1. Ed. 2. IUCN Species Survival Commission, IUCN, Gland and Cambridge." type="journal volume" year="2012">IUCN 2012</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D6B16560E3623133889A1CA7FC70FB68" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" type="description">
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. — 
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</emphasis>
• 
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[Prov. 
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], env. de 
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; [
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, 
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; 
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; 
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&amp; 
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24387
</emphasis>
(
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[
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])
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• 
<materialsCitation id="2EC33CB6E3623133889A1CD4FE06FAE4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4906767354" collectingDate="1956-12-19" collectionCode="P" collectorName="Reserves Naturelles" country="Madagascar" location="Antalaha" municipality="Cant. Ambohitalanana" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" specimenCode="P05275076" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antsiranana">
<collectingMunicipality id="7E70AC91E3623133889A1CD4FED8FAF9" box="[132,361,1257,1281]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Cant. Ambohitalanana</collectingMunicipality>
, distr. 
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; 
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</date>
; fl.; 
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<collectorName id="335E533DE36231338AA11CD7FF6EFAE4" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Réserves Naturelles</collectorName>
7972
</emphasis>
(
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[
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])
</materialsCitation>
• 
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; [
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, 
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]; 
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<collectingDate id="FA51E9C3E362313389191D23FEC4FACE" box="[263,373,1310,1334]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" value="1950-12-03">3.XII.1950</collectingDate>
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; fl.; 
<emphasis id="ACDFEAF9E362313389841D23FDE2FACE" box="[410,595,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">
<collectorName id="335E533DE362313389841D23FD9BFACE" box="[410,554,1310,1334]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Service Forestier</collectorName>
899
</emphasis>
(
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[
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])
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="2EC33CB6E3623133889A1D05FD49FA93" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4906767362" collectingDate="1954-09-29" collectionCode="G, P, TEF" collectorName="Service Forestier" country="Madagascar" latitude="-14.3" location="Sambava" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="50.19167" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" specimenCode="G00408545, P00853200, P00800359" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antsiranana">
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; [
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, 
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]; 
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; fl.; 
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<collectorName id="335E533DE36231338A861D04FF02FA93" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Service Forestier</collectorName>
9247
</emphasis>
(
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[
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], 
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[
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, 
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], 
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)
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.
</paragraph>
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Small to medium-sized trees, 
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tall, 
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in diam.; young stems brownish, longitudinally striated, glabrous. Leaves unifoliolate; leaf blade broadly elliptic to suborbicular, chartaceous to subcoriaceous, glabrous, (2.5-)3.5-5(-7) × (1-)1.5-2.5(-3) cm, base acute to obtuse, margin entire, sub-revolute, apex rounded or obtuse to mucronate, adaxial surface dark green, abaxial surface pale green, domatia present, in pockets at the axils of the secondary veins; primary and secondary veins prominent on both surfaces; reticulum slightly distinct; petiole 
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long, puberulent to glabrescent. Inflorescences pauciflorous, 1(-2) flowers. Flower buds enlarged and obtuse at the apex. Flowers 
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long; pedicel 
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long, glabrous to glabrescent. Calyx cupuliform, 4 × 
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, 5-lobed, each lobe with an apical tooth 2-2.5 × 
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, glabrous to glabrescent on the outside, tomentose on the inside. Corolla white becoming sulfur yellow with a sweet fragrance (
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, 
<emphasis id="ACDFEAF9E36231338A741F8FFF1CF814" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Service forestier 899</emphasis>
) of 5 linear-spathulate petals, longer than the staminal tube, 
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long, 
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wide at base, 
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wide in the proximal part, apex acute, puberulent outside, glabrous inside. Staminal tube cylindrical, slightly enlarged distally, (30-)50- 55(-60) mm long, glabrous outside, papillose on the inside; appendices 10 with a tapering blade, twisted at apex, bifid at base, 
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long, glabrous; anthers 10, subsessile, oblong, 1 × 
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, apiculate, apicule 
<emphasis id="ACDFEAF9E36231338C9519A5FB2DFE49" box="[1163,1180,408,433]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">c.</emphasis>
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; ovary oblate to globose, 2 × 
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, with sparse hairs, locules (8-)10(-14), each with 2 superposed ovules; style exserted 
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, beyond the staminal tube 
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in diam. Receptaculum pollinis ellipsoid, 3 × 
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; stigma capitate, 0.4 × 
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. Fruit a capsule, globose ovoid, 
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diam., blackish, dehiscing by 10 valved, glabrous; pericarp 
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thick; calyx persistent. Seeds centrally grouped, reniform, 3 × 
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; testa brownish, smooth, 
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thick; aril present.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9E1436EBE36231338B331AEAFCC9FD17" blockId="15.[811,1457,727,1168]" box="[813,888,727,753]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">
<smallCapsWord id="98F2A037E36231338B331AEAFCC9FD17" baselines="746,746" box="[813,888,727,753]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Notes" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">NOTES</smallCapsWord>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9E1436EBE36231338B331ACAFBA2FC48" blockId="15.[811,1457,727,1168]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">
<taxonomicName id="59AB4D68E36231338B331ACAFC4FFCE8" authorityName="Callmander &amp; Nusbaumer" authorityYear="2024" box="[813,1022,758,784]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Meliaceae" genus="Turraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sambavensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="ACDFEAF9E36231338B331ACAFC4FFCE8" box="[813,1022,758,784]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Turraea sambavensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B7EC5782E36231338C1C1ACAFBE3FCE9" box="[1026,1106,759,785]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
ressembles 
<taxonomicName id="59AB4D68E36231338CD41ACAFA1EFCE9" authority="Danguy" authorityName="Danguy" box="[1226,1455,759,785]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Meliaceae" genus="Turraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="geayi">
<emphasis id="ACDFEAF9E36231338CD41ACAFAE5FCE8" box="[1226,1364,759,784]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Turraea geayi</emphasis>
Danguy
</taxonomicName>
in its leaves with domatia and staminal tube bearing 10 long appendices. The latter species also occurs in littoral forests of the east coast. The new species can be distinguised by its larger leaves and flowers, and its ovary with (8-)10(-14) locules (vs 
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<taxonomicName id="59AB4D68E36231338BAA1BAAFBB2FC48" box="[948,1027,919,944]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Meliaceae" genus="Turraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="geayi">
<emphasis id="ACDFEAF9E36231338BAA1BAAFBB2FC48" box="[948,1027,919,944]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">T. geayi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9E1436EBE36231338B5D1B8AFA01FC08" blockId="15.[811,1457,727,1168]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">We attribute this name to Leroy &amp; Lescot. No new collections have been gathered since their unpublished description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9E1436EBE36231338B5F1BCBFC70FB68" blockId="15.[811,1457,727,1168]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">
The recently described 
<taxonomicName id="59AB4D68E36231338C271BCBFA1EFBE8" authority="De Block" authorityName="De Block" authorityYear="2022" box="[1081,1455,1014,1041]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Paracephaelis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sambavensis">
<emphasis id="ACDFEAF9E36231338C271BCBFAF5FBE8" box="[1081,1348,1014,1040]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Paracephaelis sambavensis</emphasis>
De Block
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="59AB4D68E36231338B2D1C2BFC15FBC8" box="[819,932,1046,1072]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rubiaceae</taxonomicName>
), also “Critically Endangered” and possibly extinct has been collected in the same forest and on the same day as the 
<typeStatus id="41108849E36231338B491C6BFC34FB88" box="[855,901,1110,1136]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">type</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="59AB4D68E36231338BAE1C6AFB37FB88" authorityName="Callmander &amp; Nusbaumer" authorityYear="2024" box="[944,1158,1110,1136]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Meliaceae" genus="Turraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sambavensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="ACDFEAF9E36231338BAE1C6AFB37FB88" box="[944,1158,1110,1136]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Turraea sambavensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B7EC5782E36231338C901C6BFB52FB88" box="[1166,1251,1110,1136]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
by René Capuron (1921-1971).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>