plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/03/A3/6F/03A36F53CA625A69F0ECFC6DFD3968AE.xml

270 lines
32 KiB
XML
Raw Normal View History

added 03
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00
<document id="6E332BB67EB22B5D0F8652DA9A93CB49" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.186743" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ec14c88f-d887-4567-a824-dbf1078cda03" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="186743" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461056560098" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Namin, Samimi &amp; Ofwegen, Van" docDate="2009" docId="03A36F53CA625A69F0ECFC6DFD3968AE" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02058p052.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2058" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Sarcophyton minusculum Namin &amp; Ofwegen, 2009, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="FF9A172BCA615A6EF07BFFC9FFEC6934" masterDocTitle="Some shallow water octocorals (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of the Persian Gulf" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1698581236381" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="A623DFC31A0AD47786D2C7D79AF55BF5" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="2340F23CFE22343CAD30AC154F0540D5">
<mods:title id="9260734CBD2860EF240F53936196C07E">Some shallow water octocorals (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of the Persian Gulf</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="6B56E2C9F7F8B7BCAB49220390F4A021" type="personal">
<mods:role id="8658A8D9874818583CAEF03BB3C086C4">
<mods:roleTerm id="5106DA875B8677E0CF6CA6BD90F3F394">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E932E6237E938EA90201455F2FDCD40C">Namin, Samimi</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="3EEC9D950FE668EC38D4CE3C4632CF16" type="personal">
<mods:role id="6258F6FBE8C9EE8DB6BD508C53972A76">
<mods:roleTerm id="4D60C643D3A30A67D3F69E13CB20C7FC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="CC46A492E69BF5C9BF560C3164C61873">Ofwegen, Van</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="A39E34AB9EFA512A24CDFFD051D00A3C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="B54AF5AAD0151F2CAB7AE9B69898E9FD" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="B162DFB955AF6B727CD7C6FC4D3EE3EB">
<mods:title id="D33B18A9BF1762FCEDD32FABB628548C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="45F32886D572E7ECF1D27BC1AC645FF3">
<mods:date id="0F23388FF4EE36F336F48D23B15356D9">2009</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="C9AF112BADDE08D4AA1A5B3644204918" type="volume">
<mods:number id="0DD8BDD107F3B6B1A879732EFAF4C560">2058</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="1EF9F7E80F084C0D53CC3E48C4F32E3A" unit="page">
<mods:start id="5A93BC1C06491DBF5560057B83633CA5">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="EFA9B7B7BBA07141DB945854D99140E1">52</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="98718DF0FAAAFC0DC48FB31AAC557240">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="6BEC4F400BAE8703B832FE574B482705" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.186743</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5FEEDF308049CDFA6A99C868A70A1DAB" type="GBIF-Dataset">ec14c88f-d887-4567-a824-dbf1078cda03</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="BF966F344CD7C7FC5FB1E7C849341922" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="AD53A78652C4E0DC4FAA8B16FBCBF1D4" type="Zenodo-Dep">186743</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03A36F53CA625A69F0ECFC6DFD3968AE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6220135" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119613195" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6220135" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A36F53CA625A69F0ECFC6DFD3968AE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A36F53CA625A69F0ECFC6DFD3968AE" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<subSubSection id="C3108DCECA625A6DF0ECFC6DFEB36AD4" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BB5DE45CA625A6DF0ECFC6DFDF46A89" blockId="3.[151,536,931,992]" box="[151,536,931,958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<heading id="D0FD6929CA625A6DF0ECFC6DFDF46A89" bold="true" box="[151,536,931,958]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B97E0257CA625A6DF0ECFC6DFDF46A89" bold="true" box="[151,536,931,958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C0AA5C6CA625A6DF0ECFC6DFE226A8A" ID-CoL="6XMSV" box="[151,462,932,958]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Sarcophyton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="minusculum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97E0257CA625A6DF0ECFC6DFE226A8A" bold="true" box="[151,462,932,958]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Sarcophyton minusculum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24DBF2CCA625A6DF1AEFC6AFDF46A89" box="[469,536,931,957]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5DE45CA625A6DF0ECFC0FFEB36AD4" blockId="3.[151,536,931,992]" box="[151,351,966,992]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
(
<figureCitation id="1331C2C0CA625A6DF0E4FC0FFEF16AD4" box="[159,285,966,992]" captionStart="FIGURE 2. a – b" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1930,1954]" captionTargetBox="[180,1403,181,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[180,1405,175,1903]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. a – b, RMNH Coel. 38756, holotype of Sarcophyton minusculum n. sp.; a, lateral view, b, view from above; c, RMNH Coel. 38767, Muricella sp.; d, RMNH Coel. 38778, holotype of Euplexaura plana n. sp.; e, RMNH Coel. 38779, Euplexaura sp. a; f, RMNH Coel. 38780, Euplexaura sp. b. Scales 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186745/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 2a–b</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1331C2C0CA625A6DF152FC0FFEBA6AD4" box="[297,342,966,992]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 3" captionStart-1="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="5.[151,255,1956,1980]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,256,1858,1882]" captionTargetBox-0="[183,1406,194,1922]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,178,1834]" captionTargetId-0="figure@5.[183,1408,194,1922]" captionTargetId-1="figure@6.[151,1436,178,1834]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 3. Sarcophyton minusculum n. sp., holotype RMNH Coel. 38756, sclerites of the polyparium: a, polyp rods; b, capstans of surface layer; c, clubs of surface; d, spindles of interior; e, shuttles." captionText-1="FIGURE 4. Sarcophyton minusculum n. sp., holotype RMNH Coel. 38756, sclerites of base of colony: a, capstans of surface layer; b, clubs of surface layer; c-d, spindles of interior. Scale at c also applies to a." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/186746/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/186747/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">3–4</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3108DCECA625A6DF0ECFBDAFCBC6D4F" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BB5DE45CA625A6DF0ECFBDAFDDA6D60" blockId="3.[151,1437,1043,2037]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B97E0257CA625A6DF0ECFBDAFEE26D19" bold="true" box="[151,270,1043,1069]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Material:</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54B160E7CA625A6DF16FFBDDFE686D1A" box="[276,388,1044,1070]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
,
<collectionCode id="ED1B4680CA625A6DF1EBFBDDFE046D1A" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" box="[400,488,1044,1070]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">RMNH</collectionCode>
Coel. 38756, Larak Island,
<geoCoordinate id="EE3EB882CA625A6DF356FBDDFC1D6D1A" box="[813,1009,1044,1070]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="1" value="26.887611">26º 53' 15.40&quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE3EB882CA625A6DF386FBDDFB516D1A" box="[1021,1213,1044,1070]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="1" value="56.393574">56º 23' 36.86&quot; E</geoCoordinate>
, depth
<quantity id="4CF273A0CA625A6DF56AFBDDFAB26D1A" box="[1297,1374,1044,1070]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 m</quantity>
, coll. K. Samimi Namin,
<date id="FFB4F885CA625A6DF107FBF3FDDE6D60" box="[380,562,1082,1108]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2007-01-03">3 January 2007</date>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5DE45CA625A6DF0BDFBA9FCBC6D4F" blockId="3.[151,1437,1043,2037]" box="[198,848,1120,1147]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B97E0257CA625A6DF0BDFBA9FEAE6D4E" bold="true" box="[198,322,1120,1146]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<typeStatus id="54B160E7CA625A6DF0BDFBA9FED16D4E" box="[198,317,1120,1146]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="ED1B4680CA625A6DF132FBA8FE4D6D4F" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" box="[329,417,1121,1147]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">RMNH</collectionCode>
Coel. 38757, same data as
<typeStatus id="54B160E7CA625A6DF299FBA8FCA06D4F" box="[738,844,1121,1147]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3108DCECA625A6DF0BDFB4EFAA96FAC" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB5DE45CA625A6DF0BDFB4EFC276DFC" blockId="3.[151,1437,1043,2037]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B97E0257CA625A6DF0BDFB4EFEB26D95" bold="true" box="[198,350,1159,1185]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Description.</emphasis>
The
<typeStatus id="54B160E7CA625A6DF1DDFB41FDE16D96" box="[422,525,1160,1186]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is
<quantity id="4CF273A0CA625A6DF241FB41FD956D96" box="[570,633,1160,1186]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="cm" value="5.0">5 cm</quantity>
high, the stalk is rather short, only
<quantity id="4CF273A0CA625A6DF43EFB41FB696D96" box="[1093,1157,1160,1186]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
high (
<figureCitation id="1331C2C0CA625A6DF4A0FB41FAB96D96" box="[1243,1365,1160,1186]" captionStart="FIGURE 2. a – b" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1930,1954]" captionTargetBox="[180,1403,181,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[180,1405,175,1903]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. a – b, RMNH Coel. 38756, holotype of Sarcophyton minusculum n. sp.; a, lateral view, b, view from above; c, RMNH Coel. 38767, Muricella sp.; d, RMNH Coel. 38778, holotype of Euplexaura plana n. sp.; e, RMNH Coel. 38779, Euplexaura sp. a; f, RMNH Coel. 38780, Euplexaura sp. b. Scales 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186745/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 2a–b</figureCitation>
). The polyparium is
<quantity id="4CF273A0CA625A6DF13BFB67FE966DFC" box="[320,378,1198,1224]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="cm" value="6.0">6 cm</quantity>
by
<quantity id="4CF273A0CA625A6DF1DDFB67FE0C6DFC" box="[422,480,1198,1224]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="cm" value="9.0">9 cm</quantity>
in diameter, its margin is strongly folded.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5DE45CA625A6DF0BEFB1CFE1A6C08" blockId="3.[151,1437,1043,2037]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
The polyps have eight points with many sclerites; flattened rods, up to
<quantity id="4CF273A0CA625A6DF469FB1CFB976DDB" box="[1042,1147,1237,1263]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="0.35">0.35 mm</quantity>
long, with a few simple tubercles. The tentacles also have many rods, similar to those of the points, but smaller in size, the largest being
<quantity id="4CF273A0CA625A6DF0A4FAEBFEA46C08" box="[223,328,1314,1340]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.10 mm</quantity>
long (
<figureCitation id="1331C2C0CA625A6DF1E8FAEBFE356C08" box="[403,473,1314,1340]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1956,1980]" captionTargetBox="[183,1406,194,1922]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[183,1408,194,1922]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Sarcophyton minusculum n. sp., holotype RMNH Coel. 38756, sclerites of the polyparium: a, polyp rods; b, capstans of surface layer; c, clubs of surface; d, spindles of interior; e, shuttles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186746/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
a).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5DE45CA625A6DF0BEFA80FBE96CBE" blockId="3.[151,1437,1043,2037]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
The surface layer of the polyparium has many small capstans, about
<quantity id="4CF273A0CA625A6DF47BFA80FB876C57" box="[1024,1131,1353,1379]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="0.05">0.05 mm</quantity>
long (
<figureCitation id="1331C2C0CA625A6DF4C2FA80FAED6C57" box="[1209,1281,1353,1379]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1956,1980]" captionTargetBox="[183,1406,194,1922]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[183,1408,194,1922]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Sarcophyton minusculum n. sp., holotype RMNH Coel. 38756, sclerites of the polyparium: a, polyp rods; b, capstans of surface layer; c, clubs of surface; d, spindles of interior; e, shuttles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186746/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
b), and clubs with poorly developed heads (
<figureCitation id="1331C2C0CA625A6DF183FAB9FDD26CBE" box="[504,574,1392,1418]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1956,1980]" captionTargetBox="[183,1406,194,1922]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[183,1408,194,1922]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Sarcophyton minusculum n. sp., holotype RMNH Coel. 38756, sclerites of the polyparium: a, polyp rods; b, capstans of surface layer; c, clubs of surface; d, spindles of interior; e, shuttles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186746/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
c); these clubs are
<quantity id="4CF273A0CA625A6DF36CFAB9FC2E6CBE" box="[791,962,1392,1418]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="0.16" valueMax="0.25" valueMin="0.07">0.07–0.25 mm</quantity>
long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5DE45CA625A6DF0BEFA5FFDFB6CE3" blockId="3.[151,1437,1043,2037]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
The interior of the polyparium has slender spindles, with simple tubercles or spines (
<figureCitation id="1331C2C0CA625A6DF49CFA5FFADE6C84" box="[1255,1330,1430,1456]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1956,1980]" captionTargetBox="[183,1406,194,1922]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[183,1408,194,1922]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Sarcophyton minusculum n. sp., holotype RMNH Coel. 38756, sclerites of the polyparium: a, polyp rods; b, capstans of surface layer; c, clubs of surface; d, spindles of interior; e, shuttles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186746/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
d); these spindles are up to
<quantity id="4CF273A0CA625A6DF117FA74FE386CE3" box="[364,468,1469,1495]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="0.45">0.45 mm</quantity>
long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5DE45CA625A6DF0BEFA2DFB0A6F10" blockId="3.[151,1437,1043,2037]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
The surface layer of the stalk has capstans and clubs, similar to those of the polyparium. The capstans are somewhat longer than those in the polyparium (
<figureCitation id="1331C2C0CA625A6DF2BDF9C3FCE16F10" box="[710,781,1546,1572]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,256,1858,1882]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,178,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,178,1834]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Sarcophyton minusculum n. sp., holotype RMNH Coel. 38756, sclerites of base of colony: a, capstans of surface layer; b, clubs of surface layer; c-d, spindles of interior. Scale at c also applies to a." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186747/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
a), the clubs somewhat shorter (
<figureCitation id="1331C2C0CA625A6DF4FAF9C3FB246F10" box="[1153,1224,1546,1572]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,256,1858,1882]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,178,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,178,1834]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Sarcophyton minusculum n. sp., holotype RMNH Coel. 38756, sclerites of base of colony: a, capstans of surface layer; b, clubs of surface layer; c-d, spindles of interior. Scale at c also applies to a." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186747/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
b).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5DE45CA625A6DF0BEF9F8FB136F46" blockId="3.[151,1437,1043,2037]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
The interior of the stalk has spindles with spines, or simple or complex tubercles (
<figureCitation id="1331C2C0CA625A6DF4B3F9F8FAE16F7F" box="[1224,1293,1585,1611]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,256,1858,1882]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,178,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,178,1834]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Sarcophyton minusculum n. sp., holotype RMNH Coel. 38756, sclerites of base of colony: a, capstans of surface layer; b, clubs of surface layer; c-d, spindles of interior. Scale at c also applies to a." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186747/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig 4</figureCitation>
c–d). These spindles have the same length as those of the interior of the polyparium, but are distinctly wider.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5DE45CA625A6DF0BEF9B7FAA96FAC" blockId="3.[151,1437,1043,2037]" box="[197,1349,1662,1688]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B97E0257CA625A6DF0BEF9B7FECD6FAC" bold="true" box="[197,289,1662,1688]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Colour.</emphasis>
Alive the
<typeStatus id="54B160E7CA625A6DF1E7F9B7FDEF6FAC" box="[412,515,1662,1688]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
was bluish to greenish, with brown polyps. Preserved it is light brown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3108DCECA625A6DF0BEF96CFE796E39" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BB5DE45CA625A6DF0BEF96CFA616F8B" blockId="3.[151,1437,1043,2037]" box="[197,1421,1701,1727]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B97E0257CA625A6DF0BEF96CFEA66F8B" bold="true" box="[197,330,1701,1727]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Etymology</emphasis>
. The Latin “minusculus”, rather small, refers to the small spindles in the interior of the stalk.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5DE45CA625A6DF0BEF902FE796E39" blockId="3.[151,1437,1043,2037]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B97E0257CA625A6DF0BEF902FEBE6FD1" bold="true" box="[197,338,1739,1765]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Variability.</emphasis>
The
<typeStatus id="54B160E7CA625A6DF1EBF905FE196FD2" box="[400,501,1740,1766]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
is of similar size as the
<typeStatus id="54B160E7CA625A6DF363F905FC6F6FD2" box="[792,899,1740,1766]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, but has a shorter stalk. Its sclerites resemble those of the
<typeStatus id="54B160E7CA625A6DF15CF93AFE7E6E39" box="[295,402,1779,1805]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3108DCECA625A69F0BEF8D1FD3968AE" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BB5DE45CA625A6DF0BEF8D1FF326EC1" blockId="3.[151,1437,1043,2037]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B97E0257CA625A6DF0BEF8D1FED36E06" bold="true" box="[197,319,1816,1842]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Remarks.</emphasis>
According to the groupings of
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BA3B4CA625A6DF2CDF8D0FC5B6E07" author="Verseveldt" box="[694,951,1817,1843]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" refString="Verseveldt, J. (1982) A revision of the genus Sarcophyton Lesson (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea). Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden 192, 1 - 91." type="journal article" year="1982">Verseveldt (1982: 10)</bibRefCitation>
the present species falls in his group III, “in surface disc are small sclerites along with larger ones, which are not club-shaped, but rods, spindles, ovals or irregularly formed bodies”. In this group almost all species have spindles in the interior which are twice as long as in
<taxonomicName id="4C0AA5C6CA625A6DF168F844FE2C6E92" box="[275,448,1933,1958]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Sarcophyton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="minusculum">
<emphasis id="B97E0257CA625A6DF168F844FE2C6E92" box="[275,448,1933,1958]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">S. minusculum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Only
<taxonomicName id="4C0AA5C6CA625A6DF268F844FC2C6E93" authority="Tixier-Durivault, 1966" authorityName="Tixier-Durivault" authorityYear="1966" box="[531,960,1933,1959]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Sarcophyton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flexuosum">
<emphasis id="B97E0257CA625A6DF268F844FD456E92" box="[531,681,1933,1958]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">S. flexuosum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BA3B4CA625A6DF2CAF844FC2C6E93" author="Tixier-Durivault" box="[689,960,1933,1959]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" refString="Tixier-Durivault, A. (1966) Octocoralliaires de Madagascar et des iles avoisinantes. Faune Madagascar 21, 1 - 456." type="journal article" year="1966">Tixier-Durivault, 1966</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, has similarly sized spindles, up to
<quantity id="4CF273A0CA625A6DF513F844FF296EFA" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.50 mm</quantity>
long. But this species has no clubs at all in the surface layer of the polyparium while
<taxonomicName id="4C0AA5C6CA625A6DF4BBF87DFA806EF9" box="[1216,1388,1972,1997]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Sarcophyton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="minusculum">
<emphasis id="B97E0257CA625A6DF4BBF87DFA806EF9" box="[1216,1388,1972,1997]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">S. minusculum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has many.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF758ECDCA655A6AF0ECF843FC026ED3" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186745/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" targetBox="[180,1403,181,1902]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BB5DE45CA655A6AF0ECF843FC026ED3" blockId="4.[151,1436,1930,2023]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B97E0257CA655A6AF0ECF843FEF66E96" bold="true" box="[151,282,1930,1954]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
a–b, RMNH Coel. 38756, holotype of
<taxonomicName id="4C0AA5C6CA655A6AF2BBF842FC226E96" box="[704,974,1931,1954]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Sarcophyton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="minusculum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97E0257CA655A6AF2BBF842FC226E96" box="[704,974,1931,1954]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Sarcophyton minusculum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24DBF2CCA655A6AF3AEF842FBE36E96" box="[981,1039,1931,1954]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
; a, lateral view, b, view from above; c, RMNH Coel. 38767,
<taxonomicName id="4C0AA5C6CA655A6AF1DBF867FDE06EF1" box="[416,524,1966,1989]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acanthogorgiidae" genus="Muricella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97E0257CA655A6AF1DBF867FDE06EF1" box="[416,524,1966,1989]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Muricella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.; d, RMNH Coel. 38778, holotype of
<taxonomicName id="4C0AA5C6CA655A6AF3AFF867FB766EF1" box="[980,1178,1966,1989]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Euplexaura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="plana" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97E0257CA655A6AF3AFF867FB766EF1" box="[980,1178,1966,1989]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Euplexaura plana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24DBF2CCA655A6AF4D9F864FB0D6EF0" box="[1186,1249,1965,1988]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
; e, RMNH Coel. 38779,
<taxonomicName id="4C0AA5C6CA655A6AF09CF819FE886ED3" box="[231,356,2000,2023]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Euplexaura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97E0257CA655A6AF09CF819FE886ED3" box="[231,356,2000,2023]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Euplexaura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. a; f, RMNH Coel. 38780,
<taxonomicName id="4C0AA5C6CA655A6AF2DEF819FCCE6ED3" box="[677,802,2000,2023]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Euplexaura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97E0257CA655A6AF2DEF819FCCE6ED3" box="[677,802,2000,2023]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Euplexaura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. b. Scales 1 cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF758ECDCA645A6BF0ECF86DFC0C6EEA" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186746/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" targetBox="[183,1406,194,1922]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BB5DE45CA645A6BF0ECF86DFC0C6EEA" blockId="5.[151,1436,1956,2014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B97E0257CA645A6BF0ECF86DFEF56E88" bold="true" box="[151,281,1956,1980]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0AA5C6CA645A6BF15BF86CFDC16E88" box="[288,557,1957,1980]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Sarcophyton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="minusculum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97E0257CA645A6BF15BF86CFDC16E88" box="[288,557,1957,1980]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Sarcophyton minusculum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24DBF2CCA645A6BF248F86CFD826E88" box="[563,622,1957,1980]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype RMNH Coel. 38756, sclerites of the polyparium: a, polyp rods; b, capstans of surface layer; c, clubs of surface; d, spindles of interior; e, shuttles.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF758ECDCA675A68F0ECF88BFBB36E48" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186747/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" targetBox="[151,1436,178,1834]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BB5DE45CA675A68F0ECF88BFBB36E48" blockId="6.[151,1435,1858,1916]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B97E0257CA675A68F0ECF88BFEF06E6E" bold="true" box="[151,284,1858,1882]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0AA5C6CA675A68F158F88AFDDA6E6E" box="[291,566,1859,1882]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Sarcophyton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="minusculum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97E0257CA675A68F158F88AFDDA6E6E" box="[291,566,1859,1882]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Sarcophyton minusculum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24DBF2CCA675A68F246F88AFD966E6E" box="[573,634,1859,1882]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype RMNH Coel. 38756, sclerites of base of colony: a, capstans of surface layer; b, clubs of surface layer; c-d, spindles of interior. Scale at c also applies to a.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BB5DE45CA675A69F0BEF862FDD26812" blockId="6.[151,1437,1963,2027]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,152,410]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
Because of the small sized interior spindles we also compared the species with those included by Verseveldt in his group I, “most coenenchymal sclerites are short, up to about
<quantity id="4CF273A0CA675A68F444F818FB456EDF" box="[1087,1193,2001,2027]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.40 mm</quantity>
long”. In this group only
<taxonomicName id="4C0AA5C6CA665A69F0A2FF51FD346986" authority="Thomson &amp; Dean, 1931" authorityName="Thomson &amp; Dean" authorityYear="1931" box="[217,728,152,178]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Sarcophyton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spongiosum">
<emphasis id="B97E0257CA665A69F0A2FF51FE786985" box="[217,404,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. spongiosum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BA3B4CA665A69F1E6FF51FD346986" author="Thomson" box="[413,728,152,178]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Dean, L. M. (1931) The Alcyonacea of the Siboga Expedition with an addendum to the Gorgonacea. Siboga-Expeditie Monograph 13 d, 1 - 227." type="journal article" year="1931">Thomson &amp; Dean, 1931</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C0AA5C6CA665A69F365FF51FABE6986" authority="Thomson &amp; Dean, 1931" authorityName="Thomson &amp; Dean" authorityYear="1931" box="[798,1362,152,178]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Sarcophyton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tenuispiculatum">
<emphasis id="B97E0257CA665A69F365FF51FBE36985" box="[798,1039,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. tenuispiculatum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BA3B4CA665A69F463FF51FABE6986" author="Thomson" box="[1048,1362,152,178]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Dean, L. M. (1931) The Alcyonacea of the Siboga Expedition with an addendum to the Gorgonacea. Siboga-Expeditie Monograph 13 d, 1 - 227." type="journal article" year="1931">Thomson &amp; Dean, 1931</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, have mushroom-shaped colonies with surface layer clubs with poorly developed heads. Both of these differ in lacking the capstans in the surface layer of the polyparium, having needles in the interior of the polyparium and ovals in the interior of the stalk.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB5DE45CA665A69F0BEFEFBFD3968AE" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,410]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
It is noteworthy that we have noticed that the differences between
<taxonomicName id="4C0AA5C6CA665A69F3A7FEFBFB6B687F" box="[988,1159,306,331]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Sarcophyton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spongiosum">
<emphasis id="B97E0257CA665A69F3A7FEFBFB6B687F" box="[988,1159,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. spongiosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C0AA5C6CA665A69F4BAFEFBFA77687F" box="[1217,1435,306,331]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Sarcophyton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tenuispiculatum">
<emphasis id="B97E0257CA665A69F4BAFEFBFA77687F" box="[1217,1435,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. tenuispiculatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are very small and probably only based on different sclerite sampling positions on the colony, as the
<typeStatus id="54B160E7CA665A69F54BFE90FA776847" box="[1328,1435,345,371]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C0AA5C6CA665A69F0CDFE49FE8C68AD" box="[182,352,384,409]" class="Anthozoa" family="Alcyoniidae" genus="Sarcophyton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spongiosum">
<emphasis id="B97E0257CA665A69F0CDFE49FE8C68AD" box="[182,352,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. spongiosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is missing the base of the stalk.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue Copy permalink