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150 lines
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.364.6459" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ad262947-4322-4d61-99ee-c776e818943c" ID-PMC="PMC3890662" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-364-19" ID-PubMed="24453543" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-364-19" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 364" ModsDocTitle="Are some prepupae and pupae of male mealybugs and root mealybugs (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Pseudococcidae and Rhizoecidae) mobile?" checkinTime="1451246547231" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Williams, D. J. & Hodgson, Chris J." docDate="2013" docId="97205DDA1B5372922F8A0A044C19ADA5" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 364: 19-28" docOrigin="ZooKeys 364" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.364.6459" docTitle="Promyrmococcus dilli Williams" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="506ED34FFFEC854F3117FF98FFE5DD3B" masterDocTitle="Are some prepupae and pupae of male mealybugs and root mealybugs (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Pseudococcidae and Rhizoecidae) mobile?" masterLastPageNumber="28" masterPageNumber="19" pageNumber="22" updateTime="1668157205064" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Are some prepupae and pupae of male mealybugs and root mealybugs (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Pseudococcidae and Rhizoecidae) mobile?</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Williams, D. J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hodgson, Chris J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>364</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>19</mods:start>
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<mods:end>28</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.364.6459</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.364.6459</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-364-19</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152050195" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:97205DDA1B5372922F8A0A044C19ADA5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/97205DDA1B5372922F8A0A044C19ADA5" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="22" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Promyrmococcus_dilli" authority="Williams" class="Insecta" genus="Promyrmococcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Promyrmococcus dilli" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dilli">Promyrmococcus dilli Williams</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="22" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="Promyrmococcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Promyrmococcus dilli" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dilli">Promyrmococcus dilli</taxonomicName>
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Williams (In
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<bibRefCitation author="Dill, M" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 373" title="Herdsman ants and their mealybug partners." volume="557" year="2002">Dill et al. 2002</bibRefCitation>
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: 170).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="22" type="material studied">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Material studied.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
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Sabah, Kinabalu, Poring, in nest of
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<taxonomicName class="Secernentea" family="Heteroderidae" genus="Dolichodorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dolichodorus" order="Tylenchida" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">Dolichodorus</taxonomicName>
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, 18.vii.1991, M. Dill (BMNH): 7/2 prepupa (one pharate) + 5 pupae (3 pharate) (good - descriptions taken from non-pharate individuals, with details checked on others).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="22" type="prepupa">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Prepupa</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">(Fig. 1)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" type="mounted material">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Mounted material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Moderate sized, body 1.23-1.38 mm long, 0.7-0.84 mm widest; oval. Body with numerous very long flagellate setae. Legs and antennae well developed; mouthparts present but lacking stylets; wing buds absent. Ostioles present both anteriorly and posteriorly.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
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Dorsum membranous, segmentation obvious, particularly on abdomen. Each segment densely covered in fine flagellate setae, each 40-50
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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long; also with frequent, extremely long setae with very flagellate apices, each up to about 350
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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long, distributed approximately as follows: with medial pairs on pro-, meso- and metathorax and on abdominal segments
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–VI">I-VI</normalizedToken>
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; with 1 long and 1 slightly shorter seta on each side of each segment but with more on abdominal segments VI and VII; with 1-4 slightly shorter setae anterior to each ostiole, and with intermediate fine flagellate setae (each about 100 or so
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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long) sparsely throughout. Loculate pores absent but small simple pores frequent throughout, each about 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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wide. Ostioles each 90-95
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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wide. Anus about 45
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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wide, with two setae of intermediate length on either side and a pair on posterior body margin.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
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Margin not demarcated; without wing buds. Eyespot 33-35
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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wide.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
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Venter membranous. Circulus present medially between abdominal segments II and III. Fine, flagellate setae similar to those on dorsum, covering most of venter; extremely long flagellate setae only present submarginally on abdominal segments V and VI, and perhaps only marginally on VII; setae of intermediate length infrequent, but present sparsely on VII. Loculate pores, each 6-7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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wide with an uncertain number of loculi, mainly present medially and submedially on thorax and anterior abdominal segments; simple pores frequent throughout.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
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Antennae about 515
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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long, 6 segmented but with segment II clearly partially divided and with a campaniform pore present distally on more proximal half of this segment; each segment with many flagellate setae similar to those covering most of body, but with fewest on distal half of segment II; subapical segment with 1 fleshy seta and apical segment with 3 or 4 fleshy setae. Mouthparts clearly present; tentorium barely sclerotized but quite large; labium perhaps 3 segmented, 50-65
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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long, with (on ventral surface) 2 pairs of setae on basal segment, 2 pairs on medial segment and 5 pairs on apical segment; also with 2 pairs on dorsal surface. Spiracles each with peritreme 20-24
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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wide. Legs particularly well developed, lengths (in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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for metathoracic leg): coxa about 120-135; trochanter+ femur 275-310; tibia
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="23" start="start">190</pageBreakToken>
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-210; tarsus 95-112; claw 35-38; each trochanter with 2 roundish campaniform pores on each side; each tibia and tarsus without tibial spurs; tarsi one-segmented; tarsi each with a tarsal campaniform pore; tarsal digitules long, extending as long as claw and capitate; claw digitules setose and barely reaching claw apex; claws without a denticle.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="23" type="pupa">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="23">Pupa</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="23">(Fig. 2)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="23" type="mounted material">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="23">Mounted material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="23">Moderate sized, body 1.20-1.4 mm long, 0.63-0.73 mm widest; oval. Body with numerous very long flagellate setae. Legs and antennae well developed; mouthparts present but very reduced and without stylets; wing buds absent. Ostioles present both anteriorly and posteriorly.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="23">Dorsum almost identical to that of the prepupa, and with 0-3 setae of intermediate length on either side of anus.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="23">
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Margin not demarcated, without wing buds. Eyespot 33-35
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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wide.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="23">Venter membranous. As for prepupa except loculate pores absent.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="23">
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Antennae 6 segmented as in prepupa, length about 520-615
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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long. Mouthparts very reduced; tentorium a small, roundish membranous area and labium short, about 35
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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long, with a few setae both dorsally and ventrally. Spiracles each with peritreme 20-28
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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wide. Legs particularly well developed, lengths (in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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for metathoracic leg): coxa about 125-150; trochanter+ femur 295-330; tibia 200-225; tarsus 95-105; claw 35-38; legs otherwise as on prepupa.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="23" type="comment">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="23">Comment.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="23">
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The basic morphology of the prepupa and pupa of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="Promyrmococcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Promyrmococcus dilli" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dilli">Promyrmococcus dilli</taxonomicName>
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is very similar to that of the adult male (
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<bibRefCitation author="Williams, DJ" journalOrPublisher="The Natural History Museum, London, U. K. and Southdene SDN. BHD., Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" title="Mealybugs of Southern Asia." year="2004">Williams 2004</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Hodgson, CJ" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 79" title="Comparison of the morphology of the adult males of the rhizoecine, phenacoccine and pseudococcine mealybugs (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha; Coccoidea) with the recognition of the family Rhizoecidae Williams." volume="3291" year="2012">Hodgson 2012</bibRefCitation>
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), except that they lack the genital structures, have (at most) 7-segmented antenna (9 segmented on the adult male) and their tarsi appear to be only one segmented. Reduced mouthparts lacking stylets are also present on the adult male.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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