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<document id="581E673CF3102F59EA8B8542E693FA5B" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.177278" ID-GBIF-Dataset="44e92dc8-7d91-43bd-900b-36f28549b744" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="177278" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459857368899" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Wallach, Van" docDate="2007" docId="03B587D9FF9B381C90A8FBDFF04DFE57" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01515p068.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1515" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Letheobia pallida Cope" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="45" masterDocId="FF8CFFA1FF953813903FFFBDF365FFA5" masterDocTitle="A review of East and Central African species of Letheobia Cope, revived from the synonymy of Rhinotyphlops Fitzinger, with descriptions of five new species (Serpentes: Typhlopidae)" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="31" pageNumber="45" updateTime="1698225740277" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="2DBD5D5B55DC7B1D010F04868C365119" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="1D768E331B7B5E919797169B0B451126">A review of East and Central African species of Letheobia Cope, revived from the synonymy of Rhinotyphlops Fitzinger, with descriptions of five new species (Serpentes: Typhlopidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="090F718481D87D7D67DFEB83740B4DC6">Wallach, Van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F5777CEBAFFD4027A512D8164A88AF92">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:date id="62F777A0D87139DA539F4B7CD702DABC">2007</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="3C82F2ED87FB173D4B769289639D872C" type="volume">
<mods:number id="12EEC7CFC576AB458239904D853B464D">1515</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="7BBAF402588B44084A1446AB757F185A">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="328B122BD9649BE2AB7CAE5B8EE6FA41" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.177278</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E53CB2F6F8D349936DEFAD9A679D5264" type="GBIF-Dataset">44e92dc8-7d91-43bd-900b-36f28549b744</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="437AA27F3404C133527972D7BDF5C05F" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="31375AA2B232CA781D997BD9DAE70F14" type="Zenodo-Dep">177278</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B587D9FF9B381C90A8FBDFF04DFE57" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6237808" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119363123" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6237808" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587D9FF9B381C90A8FBDFF04DFE57" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587D9FF9B381C90A8FBDFF04DFE57" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
<subSubSection id="C3066544FF9B381D90A8FBDFF399FB3A" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA336CFFF9B381D90A8FBDFF2D7FBD9" blockId="14.[151,450,1122,1223]" box="[151,434,1122,1148]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
<heading id="D0EB81A3FF9B381D90A8FBDFF2D7FBD9" bold="true" box="[151,434,1122,1148]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D4CFF9B381D90A8FBDFF2D7FBD9" authority="Cope" authorityName="Cope" box="[151,434,1122,1148]" class="Reptilia" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Letheobia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallida">
<emphasis id="B968EADDFF9B381D90A8FBDFF2D7FBD9" bold="true" box="[151,434,1122,1148]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="B968EADDFF9B381D90A8FBDFF20CFBD9" bold="true" box="[151,361,1122,1148]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Letheobia pallida</emphasis>
Cope
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336CFFF9B381D90A8FB38F399FB3A" blockId="14.[151,450,1122,1223]" box="[151,252,1157,1183]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
(
<figureCitation id="13272A4AFF9B381D90A0FB38F3BBFB3A" box="[159,222,1157,1183]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="15.[151,255,1615,1639]" captionTargetBox="[380,1205,544,1614]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[359,1227,518,1618]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 4. The Letheobia pallida complex: A. L. pallida (BMNH 68.2. 9.135 – Zanzibar, after Roux-Estève, 1974: Fig. 151); B. L. swahilica sp. nov. (MCZ 40076, holotype – Ngatana, Tana River, Kenya, J. Boundy illustration); C. L. toritensis sp. nov. (NMZB 16722, paratype – Torit, Sudan, J. Boundy illustration). The lines indicate 1 mm to scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177282/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Fig 4</figureCitation>
A)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3066544FF9B381D90A8FB10F2A7FB62" box="[151,450,1197,1223]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA336CFFF9B381D90A8FB10F2A7FB62" blockId="14.[151,450,1122,1223]" box="[151,450,1197,1223]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Pallid gracile blind-snake</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3066544FF9B381D90A8FB40F20BF9B1" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BA336CFFF9B381D90A8FB40F2A8FAF1" blockId="14.[151,1437,1277,1556]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D4CFF9B381D90A8FB40F2BDFAB1" authority="Cope 1869" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1869" box="[151,472,1277,1300]" class="Reptilia" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Letheobia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallida">
<emphasis id="B968EADDFF9B381D90A8FB40F230FAB1" box="[151,341,1277,1300]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Letheobia pallida</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B3EFF9B381D9160FB40F2BDFAB1" author="Cope" box="[351,472,1277,1300]" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" refString="Cope, E. D. (1869) Observations on reptiles of the Old World. Art. II. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, (1868) 20 (5), 316 - 323." type="journal article" year="1869">Cope 1869</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 20: 322.
<typeStatus id="54A7886DFF9B381D93F1FB40F766FAB1" box="[974,1027,1277,1300]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
<collectingCountry id="F30B765FFF9B381D9453FB40F7AEFAB1" box="[1132,1227,1277,1300]" name="Tanzania" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Zanzibar</collectingCountry>
[
<collectingCountry id="F30B765FFF9B381D94E6FB40F67AFAB1" box="[1241,1311,1277,1300]" name="Iceland" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Island</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30B765FFF9B381D9512FB40F6F7FAB1" box="[1325,1426,1277,1300]" name="Tanzania" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
], collected by C. Cooke,
<typeStatus id="54A7886DFF9B381D91F6FAA0F14EFA91" box="[457,555,1309,1332]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
MCZ 5723 (ex-Essex Inst. 504), designated herein;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B3EFF9B381D9454FAA0F6FDFA91" author="Barbour" box="[1131,1432,1309,1332]" pageId="14" pageNumber="64" refString="Barbour, T. &amp; Loveridge, A. (1929) Typical reptiles and amphibians. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University (Cambridge), 69 (10), 205 - 360." type="journal article" year="1929">Barbour &amp; Loveridge 1929</bibRefCitation>
: 295;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B3EFF9B381D90C2FA80F2F1FAF1" author="Malnate" box="[253,404,1341,1364]" pageId="14" pageNumber="66" refString="Malnate, E. V. (1971) A catalog of primary types in the herpetological collections of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia (ANSP). Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 123 (9), 345 - 375." type="journal article" year="1971">Malnate 1971</bibRefCitation>
: 370.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336CFFF9B381D90A8FAE0F0F5FA11" blockId="14.[151,1437,1277,1556]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0C11E1FF9B381D90A8FAE0F0F5FA11" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="B968EADDFF9B381D90A8FAE0F20DFAD1" box="[151,360,1373,1396]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D4CFF9B381D90A8FAE0F231FAD1" box="[151,340,1373,1396]" class="Reptilia" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Typhlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallidus">Typhlops pallidus</taxonomicName>
–
</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10DEFF9B381D9150FAE0F123FAD1" author="Boulenger" box="[367,582,1373,1396]" page="54" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" year="1893">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B3EFF9B381D9150FAE0F17BFAD1" author="Boulenger" box="[367,542,1373,1396]" pageId="14" pageNumber="64" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1893) Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History), Volume I, containing the families Typhlopidae, Glauconiidae, Boidae, Ilysiidae, Uropeltidae, Xenopeltidae, and Colubridae aglyphae, part. British Museum (Natural History), London, xiii + 448 pp., Pls. 1 - 38." type="book chapter" year="1893">Boulenger 1893</bibRefCitation>
: 54
</treatmentCitation>
, 1915b: 616 (part);
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10DEFF9B381D9323FAE0F0B6FAD1" author="Tornier" box="[796,979,1373,1396]" page="66" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" year="1896">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B3EFF9B381D9323FAE0F0CFFAD1" author="Tornier" box="[796,938,1373,1396]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" refString="Tornier, G. (1896) Die Kreichtheire Deutsch-Ost-Afrikas. Beitrage zur Systematik und Descendenzlehre. Reptilien und Amphibien. Dietrich Reimer, Berlin, xiii + 164 pp., Pls. 1 - 5." type="book chapter" year="1896">Tornier 1896</bibRefCitation>
: 66
</treatmentCitation>
; Sternfeld 1908: 242, 1910: 12;
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10DEFF9B381D9511FAE0F242FA31" author="Loveridge" page="82" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" year="1916">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B3EFF9B381D9511FAE0F265FA31" author="Loveridge" pageId="14" pageNumber="66" refString="Loveridge, A. (1916) Report on the collection of Ophidia in the Society's Museum. The Journal of the East Africa and Uganda Natural History Society (Nairobi), 5 (10), 76 - 87." type="journal article" year="1916">Loveridge 1916</bibRefCitation>
: 82
</treatmentCitation>
, 1924: 4 (part), 1936: 227;
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10DEFF9B381D9275FAC0F068FA31" author="Werner" box="[586,781,1405,1428]" page="330" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" year="1921">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B3EFF9B381D9275FAC0F1BDFA31" author="Werner" box="[586,728,1405,1428]" pageId="14" pageNumber="68" refString="Werner, F. (1921) Synopsis der Schlangenfamilie der Typhlopiden auf Grund des Boulenger'schen Schlangenkatalogs (1893 - 1896). Archiv fur Naturgeschichte (Berlin), 87 A (7), 266 - 338." type="journal article" year="1921">Werner 1921</bibRefCitation>
: 330
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10DEFF9B381D9327FAC0F708FA31" author="Moreau" box="[792,1133,1405,1428]" page="108" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" year="1941">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B3EFF9B381D9327FAC0F75EFA31" author="Moreau" box="[792,1083,1405,1428]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="14" pageNumber="66" refString="Moreau, R. E. &amp; Pakenham, R. H. W. (1941) The land vertebrates of Pemba, Zanzibar, and Mafia: a zoogeograpgical study. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, (A) 110, 97 - 128." type="journal article" year="1941">Moreau &amp; Pakenham 1941</bibRefCitation>
: 108
</treatmentCitation>
(part);
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10DEFF9B381D9482FAC0F6F9FA31" author="Loveridge" box="[1213,1436,1405,1428]" page="244" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" year="1957">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B3EFF9B381D9482FAC0F60FFA31" author="Loveridge" box="[1213,1386,1405,1428]" pageId="14" pageNumber="66" refString="Loveridge, A. (1957) Check list of the reptiles and amphibians of East Africa (Uganda; Kenya; Tanganyika; Zanzibar). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College (Cambridge), 117 (2), 151 - 362 + i - xxxvi." type="journal article" year="1957">Loveridge 1957</bibRefCitation>
: 244
</treatmentCitation>
(part);
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10DEFF9B381D912FFA20F2A4FA11" author="Pitman" box="[272,449,1437,1460]" page="64" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" year="1974">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B3EFF9B381D912FFA20F2FEFA11" author="Pitman" box="[272,411,1437,1460]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" refString="Pitman, C. R. S. (1974) A guide to the snakes of Uganda. Revised Edition. Wheldon &amp; Wesley, Codicote, xxii + 290 pp., Pls. A - AC." type="book" year="1974">Pitman 1974</bibRefCitation>
: 64
</treatmentCitation>
(part);
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10DEFF9B381D922FFA20F02DFA11" author="Broadley" box="[528,840,1437,1460]" page="21" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" year="1991">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B3EFF9B381D922FFA20F047FA11" author="Broadley" box="[528,802,1437,1460]" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" refString="Broadley, D. G. &amp; Howell, K. M. (1991) A checklist of the reptiles of Tanzania, with synoptic keys. Syntarsus (Bulawayo), (1), 1 - 70." type="journal article" year="1991">Broadley &amp; Howell 1991</bibRefCitation>
: 21
</treatmentCitation>
(part).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336CFFF9B381D90A8FA00F20BF9B1" blockId="14.[151,1437,1277,1556]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0C11E1FF9B381D90A8FA00F20BF9B1" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D4CFF9B381D90A8FA00F2EBFA71" box="[151,398,1469,1492]" class="Reptilia" family="Typhlopidae" genus="Rhinotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallidus">
<emphasis id="B968EADDFF9B381D90A8FA00F2EBFA71" box="[151,398,1469,1492]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Rhinotyphlops pallidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10DEFF9B381D9194FA00F1CEFA71" author="Roux-Esteve" box="[427,683,1469,1492]" page="217" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" year="1974">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B3EFF9B381D9194FA00F110FA71" author="Roux-Esteve" box="[427,629,1469,1492]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" refString="Roux-Esteve, R. (1974). Revision systematique des Typhlopidae d'Afrique: Reptilia - Serpentes. Memoirs du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris), (N. S.) (A, Zoologie), 87, 1 - 313." type="journal article" year="1974">Roux-Estève 1974</bibRefCitation>
: 217
</treatmentCitation>
, Fig. 151, 1975: 445 (part);
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10DEFF9B381D93E2FA00F7E5FA71" author="Hahn" box="[989,1152,1469,1492]" page="32" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" year="1980">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B3EFF9B381D93E2FA00F732FA71" author="Hahn" box="[989,1111,1469,1492]" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" refString="Hahn, D. E. (1980) Liste der rezenten Amphibien und Reptilien: Anomalepididae, Leptotyphlopidae, Typhlopidae. Das Tierreich (Berlin), 101, i - xii, 1 - 93." type="journal article" year="1980">Hahn 1980</bibRefCitation>
: 32
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10DEFF9B381D94B3FA00F659FA71" author="Meirte" box="[1164,1340,1469,1492]" page="20" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" year="1992">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B3EFF9B381D94B3FA00F671FA71" author="Meirte" box="[1164,1300,1469,1492]" pageId="14" pageNumber="66" refString="Meirte, D. (1992) Cles de determination des serpents d _ ' Afrique. Annales du Musee Royal du Congo Belge (Tervuren), (8 vo - Sciences Zoologiques), 267, 1 - 152." type="journal article" year="1992">Meirte 1992</bibRefCitation>
: 20
</treatmentCitation>
, Fig. 35;
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10DEFF9B381D90F8FA60F175FA51" author="Broadley" box="[199,528,1501,1524]" page="45" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" year="1996">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B3EFF9B381D90F8FA60F28EFA51" author="Broadley" box="[199,491,1501,1524]" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" refString="Broadley, D. G. &amp; Broadley, S. (1996) Geographical Distribution: Serpentes, Typhlopidae. Rhinotyphlops pallidus (Cope). African Herp News (Durban North), (25), 45." type="journal article" year="1996">Broadley &amp; Broadley 1996</bibRefCitation>
: 45
</treatmentCitation>
(part); McDiarmid
<emphasis id="B968EADDFF9B381D92DDFA60F072FA51" box="[738,791,1501,1524]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">et al.</emphasis>
1999: 83 (part);
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10DEFF9B381D93F5FA60F7A1FA51" author="Spawls" box="[970,1220,1501,1524]" page="295" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" year="2002">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B3EFF9B381D93F5FA60F7F7FA51" author="Spawls" box="[970,1170,1501,1524]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" refString="Spawls, S., Howell, K. M., Drewes, R. C. &amp; Ashe, J. (2002) A field guide to the reptiles of East Africa: Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda and Burundi. Academic Press, San Diego, 543 pp." type="book" year="2002">
Spawls
<emphasis id="B968EADDFF9B381D9421FA60F736FA51" box="[1054,1107,1501,1524]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">et al.</emphasis>
2002
</bibRefCitation>
: 295
</treatmentCitation>
(part);
<treatmentCitation id="0ABD10DEFF9B381D952CFA60F240F9B1" author="Spawls" page="92" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" year="2006">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B3EFF9B381D952CFA60F265F9B1" author="Spawls" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" refString="Spawls, S., Howell, K. M. &amp; Drewes, R. C. (2006) Reptiles and amphibians of East Africa. Princeton University Press, Princeton, 240 pp." type="book" year="2006">
Spawls
<emphasis id="B968EADDFF9B381D9558FA60F6F9FA51" box="[1383,1436,1501,1524]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">et al.</emphasis>
2006
</bibRefCitation>
: 92
</treatmentCitation>
(part).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3066544FF9B381D90A8F9F8F70EF882" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA336CFFF9B381D90A8F9F8F08DF972" blockId="14.[151,1436,1605,2031]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="B968EADDFF9B381D90A8F9F8F24AF9FA" bold="true" box="[151,303,1605,1631]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Description.</emphasis>
Snout rounded, prominent. Rostral very broad, truncated posteriorly; frontal crescentic; supraocular transverse, its lateral apex between nasal and ocular, the latter separated from the lip by a large subocular; eye not visible; nasal suture arising from second labial;
<collectingCountry id="F30B765FFF9B381D9313F928F033F90A" box="[812,854,1685,1711]" name="Cyprus" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">SIP</collectingCountry>
X (N1, P, O, O); scale rows 24-22-22; MD 418– 433; vertebrae 274; MD/V ratio 1.54–1.58; L/D ratio 53–62. Colourless.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336CFFF9B381D90F8F958F73AF95A" blockId="14.[151,1436,1605,2031]" box="[199,1119,1765,1791]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="B968EADDFF9B381D90F8F958F265F95A" bold="true" box="[199,256,1765,1791]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Size.</emphasis>
Largest specimen (MCZ 5723 –
<collectingCountry id="F30B765FFF9B381D92BAF958F188F95A" box="[645,749,1765,1791]" name="Tanzania" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Zanzibar</collectingCountry>
Island)
<quantity id="4CE49B2AFF9B381D9372F958F0CBF95A" box="[845,942,1765,1791]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.92" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="192.0">192 mm</quantity>
in total length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336CFFF9B381D90F8F8B0F70EF882" blockId="14.[151,1436,1605,2031]" box="[199,1131,1805,1831]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="B968EADDFF9B381D90F8F8B0F24BF882" bold="true" box="[199,302,1805,1831]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Habitat.</emphasis>
Coastal mosaic. One of the
<typeStatus id="54A7886DFF9B381D92BEF8B0F1DAF882" box="[641,703,1805,1831]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">types</typeStatus>
was taken from a well (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B3EFF9B381D93E7F8B0F73BF882" author="Cope" box="[984,1118,1805,1831]" pageId="14" pageNumber="65" refString="Cope, E. D. (1869) Observations on reptiles of the Old World. Art. II. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, (1868) 20 (5), 316 - 323." type="journal article" year="1869">Cope 1869</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3066544FF9B381D90F8F888F124F83A" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA336CFFF9B381D90F8F888F0FCF8EA" blockId="14.[151,1436,1605,2031]" box="[199,921,1845,1871]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="B968EADDFF9B381D90F8F888F202F8EA" bold="true" box="[199,359,1845,1871]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Distribution.</emphasis>
Endemic to
<collectingCountry id="F30B765FFF9B381D91C3F888F101F8EA" box="[508,612,1845,1871]" name="Tanzania" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Zanzibar</collectingCountry>
Island,
<collectingCountry id="F30B765FFF9B381D92FDF888F04EF8EA" box="[706,811,1845,1871]" name="Tanzania" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="13272A4AFF9B381D9304F888F0E9F8EA" box="[827,908,1845,1871]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="29.[151,255,1699,1723]" captionTargetBox="[269,1322,196,1675]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[264,1323,194,1676]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution of the East African species of Letheobia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177288/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Fig 10</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336CFFF9B381D90F8F8E0F124F83A" blockId="14.[151,1436,1605,2031]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="B968EADDFF9B381D90F8F8E0F222F8D2" bold="true" box="[199,327,1885,1911]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Localities.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F30B765FFF9B381D9165F8E0F2A7F8D2" box="[346,450,1885,1911]" name="Tanzania" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Zanzibar</collectingCountry>
Island (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B3EFF9B381D9207F8E0F06FF8D2" author="Pakenham" box="[568,778,1885,1911]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" refString="Pakenham, R. H. W. (1983) The reptiles and amphibians of Zanzibar and Pemba Islands (with a note on the freshwater fishes). The Journal of the East Africa Natural History Society and National Museum (Nairobi), (177), 1 - 40." type="journal article" year="1983">Pakenham, 1983</bibRefCitation>
) ANSP 3300 (
<typeStatus id="54A7886DFF9B381D93E5F8E0F71AF8D2" box="[986,1151,1885,1911]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
); BMNH 68.2.29.135, 1950.1.5.34; MCZ 5723 (
<typeStatus id="54A7886DFF9B381D91FDF838F151F83A" box="[450,564,1925,1951]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3066544FF9B381C90F8F810F04DFE57" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA336CFFF9B381C90F8F810F04DFE57" blockId="14.[151,1436,1605,2031]" lastBlockId="15.[151,1437,152,498]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="B968EADDFF9B381D90F8F810F22FF862" bold="true" box="[199,330,1965,1991]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Comment.</emphasis>
C. Cooke collected the two
<typeStatus id="54A7886DFF9B381D92A4F810F064F862" box="[667,769,1965,1991]" pageId="14" pageNumber="45" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
from
<collectingCountry id="F30B765FFF9B381D9374F810F0D0F862" box="[843,949,1965,1991]" name="Tanzania" pageId="14" pageNumber="45">Zanzibar</collectingCountry>
, East Africa: ANSP 3300 (ex-Essex Inst. no. 411) &amp; MCZ 5723 (ex-Essex Inst. no. 504).
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B3EFF9B381D92D8F868F718F84A" author="Barbour" box="[743,1149,2005,2031]" pageId="14" pageNumber="64" refString="Barbour, T. &amp; Loveridge, A. (1929) Typical reptiles and amphibians. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University (Cambridge), 69 (10), 205 - 360." type="journal article" year="1929">Barbour &amp; Loveridge (1929: 295)</bibRefCitation>
cited MCZ 5723 as the “
<typeStatus id="54A7886DFF9A381C909EFF25F26EFF17" box="[161,267,152,178]" pageId="15" pageNumber="46" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and genotype”whereas
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B3EFF9A381C9216FF25F07BFF17" author="Malnate" box="[553,798,152,178]" pageId="15" pageNumber="66" refString="Malnate, E. V. (1971) A catalog of primary types in the herpetological collections of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia (ANSP). Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 123 (9), 345 - 375." type="journal article" year="1971">Malnate (1971: 370)</bibRefCitation>
cited ANSP 3300 as a “
<typeStatus id="54A7886DFF9A381C9479FF25F7CCFF17" box="[1094,1193,152,178]" pageId="15" pageNumber="46" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
,” noting that Cope’s Essex Institute specimen (no. 504) was the presumed MCZ “
<typeStatus id="54A7886DFF9A381C934BFF7DF085FF7F" box="[884,992,192,218]" pageId="15" pageNumber="46" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
” listed by Barbour &amp; Loveridge. In support of this the MCZ Reptile Catalogue reads “from a well” in the remarks column; the specimen was received from the Peabody Museum, which incorporated the Essex Institute, in 1886. However, in Cope’s description (1869: 322) he states that the ANSP specimen he described was “presented by C. Cooke to the Essex Institute, Salem, Mass. (Mus. 504)” and that “it was taken from a well.” His measurement of the specimen was
<quantity id="4CE49B2AFF9A381C913BFE35F20DFE07" box="[260,360,392,418]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="15" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="160.0">160 mm</quantity>
; the MCZ specimen measures
<quantity id="4CE49B2AFF9A381C92F1FE35F04AFE07" box="[718,815,392,418]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.96" pageId="15" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="196.0">196 mm</quantity>
in length. We have examined both specimens: ANSP 3300 bears an old tag reading 411 and measures
<quantity id="4CE49B2AFF9A381C92EBFE0DF053FE6F" box="[724,822,432,458]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.58" pageId="15" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="158.0">158 mm</quantity>
in length. We hereby designate the larger and better preserved specimen at the MCZ (5723) as the
<typeStatus id="54A7886DFF9A381C928AFE65F041FE57" box="[693,804,472,498]" pageId="15" pageNumber="46" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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