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203 lines
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.252.3588" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a4366e50-a271-44c0-bdef-b52c8cad0b85" ID-PMC="PMC3560839" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-252-1" ID-PubMed="23378811" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-252-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 252" ModsDocTitle="Phylogenetic treatment and taxonomic revision of the trapdoor spider genus Aptostichus Simon (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Euctenizidae)" checkinTime="1451247847790" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Bond, Jason E." docDate="2012" docId="B0E955A8212C1FED768165066927C458" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 252: 1-209" docOrigin="ZooKeys 252" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.252.3588" docTitle="Aptostichus angelinajolieae Bond 2008" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="46" masterDocId="FFAD871BFFD4FF8CFFED1A5CFFE7FFA0" masterDocTitle="Phylogenetic treatment and taxonomic revision of the trapdoor spider genus Aptostichus Simon (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Euctenizidae)" masterLastPageNumber="209" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="43" updateTime="1668155039594" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Phylogenetic treatment and taxonomic revision of the trapdoor spider genus Aptostichus Simon (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Euctenizidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Bond, Jason E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>252</mods:number>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.252.3588</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.252.3588</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-252-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152039278" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B0E955A8212C1FED768165066927C458" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B0E955A8212C1FED768165066927C458" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<subSubSection pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<taxonomicName LSID="‘The Angelina Jolie Trapdoor Spider’" authority="Bond, 2008" authorityName="Bond" authorityYear="2008" class="Arachnida" family="Euctenizidae" genus="Aptostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aptostichus angelinajolieae" order="Araneae" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angelinajolieae">Aptostichus angelinajolieae Bond, 2008</taxonomicName>
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Figures 91-97Maps 6, 7
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Euctenizidae" genus="Aptostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aptostichus angelinajolieae" order="Araneae" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angelinajolieae">Aptostichus angelinajolieae</taxonomicName>
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Bond, 2008: 646. Female holotype (MY3310; EU569958), California, Monterey Co., Carmel Valley Rd/G16, 5.9km N of Arroyo Seco Rd, 36.29045, -121.46594 1, elev. 337m, coll. A. Stockman 9.vi.05, in CAS; male paratype (AP167) from Carmel, 36.5495, -121.9103 6, elev. 74m, coll. 8.ii.54, in AMNH examined.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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Individuals of this species are difficult to diagnose from
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Euctenizidae" genus="Aptostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aptostichus atomarius" order="Araneae" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atomarius">Aptostichus atomarius</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Euctenizidae" genus="Aptostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aptostichus stanfordianus" order="Araneae" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stanfordianus">Aptostichus stanfordianus</taxonomicName>
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on the basis of morphological features alone (Figs 91-94) but can be diagnosed on the basis of a set of unique mtDNA site substitutions (see Bond & Stockman 2008). The species is restricted in distribution to northern Monterey Co. (California) localities west of the Salinas Valley (Maps 6, 7) and can be distinguished from geographically proximate populations of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Euctenizidae" genus="Aptostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aptostichus stephencolberti" order="Araneae" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stephencolberti">Aptostichus stephencolberti</taxonomicName>
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on the basis of its darker coloration (Figs 95-97) and absence from coastal dune habitat.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Descriptions.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Described by Bond (2008).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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United States: California: Monterey Co.: 1.6km W Seaside, 36.6227, -121.8363 5, 30m, M Irwin 23.viii.68 [AP289, 3juv, AMNH]; 2.2km from intersection G16/Carmel Valley Rd & Cachagua Rds on Cachagua Rd, 36.4411, -121.6877 1, 387m, J Bond 5.v.97 [AP754-76, 2♀, AUMNH; 1♀, AMNH]; 24km W Greenfield on Arroyo-Seco Rd, 36.2263, -121.4947 5, 300m, W. Icenogle 31.v.74 [AP193, 2♀, CAS]; Aguajito Rd & Monhollan Rd jct, 36.5753, -121.8737 1, 56m, A Stockman 10.vi.05 [MY3317, 1♀, AMNH; MY3318, 3380 2♀, AUMNH]; Cachagua Rd, 160m W jct w/ Carmel Valley Rd, 36.4455, -121.6827 1, 191m, A Stockman 10.vi.05 [MY3311-13, 2juv, 2♀, AUMNH]; Cachagua Rd, 13.7km W jct w/ Carmel Valley Rd, 36.392, -121.6252 1, 333m, A Stockman 10.vi.05 [MY3315, 3316 2♀, AUMNH]; Cachagua Rd, just S intersection w/G16, 36.4447, -121.6855 1 1, 245m, M Hedin, J Starrett, D Leavitt 21.xii.07 [MY3620, 3626, 3627, 3630, 3631, 2♀ 1♂ 2juv, AUMNH]; Cachagua Rd, 160m from jct Carmel Valley Rd, 36.4454, -121.6833 1, 225m, J Bond, M van der Merwe 13.xii.99 [MY708, 716 2♀, AUMNH]; J Bond, M van der Merwe 13.xii.99 [MY716, 1♀, AUMNH]; Calera Canyon Rd, 1.6km S Corral De Tierra Rd, 36.5383, -121.7376 1, 137m, A Stockman
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<pageBreakToken pageId="43" pageNumber="44" start="start">10</pageBreakToken>
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.vi.05 [MY3319, 3321 2♀, AUMNH; MY3320, 1♀, AMNH]; Carmel, 36.5495, -121.9103 6, 74m, 25.vii.67 [AP155, 1♂, AMNH], 8.ii.54 [AP167, 1♂, AMNH], 5.x.58 [AP177, 1♂, AMNH], V Roth 21.xii.53 [AP267, 2juv, AMNH]; Carmel Valley Rd, 36.4511, -121.6919 1, 165m, A Stockman 15.v.05 [MY3129-3131 3♀, AUMNH]; Carmel Valley Rd (G16), 1.3km N Tassajara Rd, 36.4096, -121.5934 4, 426m, J Starrett 29.xi.03 [AP1198, 1♀, AUMNH]; Carmel Valley Rd/G16, 5.9km N Arroyo Seco Rd, 36.2904, -121.4659 1, 337m, A Stockman 9.vi.05 [MY3309, 3310 2♀, AUMNH]; County Rd G16, 17.7km S Martin Rd intersection, 36.2776, -121.4503 5, 335m, F Coyle 30.vii.72 [AP268, 1♀, AMNH]; Cachagua Rd 6.5 miles SE Carmel Valley Village, 4.2km S intersection w/Carmel Valley Rd, 36.4278, -121.6825 4, 460m, W Icenogle 2.vi.74 [AP279, 1♀, CAS]; G20 (Laureles Grade Rd), ~1.3km S Laureles Summit, 36.524, -121.7558 1, 315m, M Hedin, J Starrett, D Leavitt 21.xii.07 [MY3623, 3628 2♀, AUMNH]; Intersection of Valenzuela & Viejo Rds, 36.5761, -121.8998 1, 120m, J Bond 1.iv.96 [AP723, 727 1♀ 1juv, AUMNH], 2.iv.96 [AP742, 1♀, AUMNH], 5.v.97 [AP751, 752-3, 6, 2juv, 2♀, AUMNH]; Klondike Rd, 6.4km E G16/Carmel Valley Rd, 36.4731, -121.707 1, 169m, J Bond, W Bond 27.vii.08 [MY3736, 1♀, AUMNH]; Monterey, ~100m N intersection Vieja & Valenzuela Rds, 36.5759, -121.8996 1, 91m, M Hedin, P Paquin, J Starrett 27.vii.02 [MY0632, 1♀, AUMNH]; Near jct Cachagua & Tassajara Rds, 36.3908, -121.5955 4, 410m, W Icenogle 2.vi.74 [AP277, 1♀, CAS]; Pacific Grove, 36.628, -121.9253 6, 30m, 7.xi.53 [AP163, 1♂, AMNH], W Ivie 1.ix.37 [AP274, 1juv, AMNH], 16.viii.31 [AP472, 1♀, 6juv, AMNH]; Palo Colorado Rd, 1.4km E Hwy 1, near Rocky Point, 36.3997, -121.8914 1, 105m, J Bond, A Stockman, D Beamer 17.iii.05 [MY3057, 3060, 2♀, AUMNH]; Pebble Beach, 36.5688, -121.9478 6, 25m, W Icenogle 1.vi.74 [AP291, 1♀, AMNH]; Sycamore Canyon Rd ~0.72km W jct HWY 1, 36.2418, -121.7841 1, 104m, J Bond 7.xii.05 [MY3452-54, 2♀ 1juv, AUMNH]; Viejo Rd, 36.5778, -121.90076 5, 138m, W Icenogle 1.vi.74 [AP197, 1♀, 3juv, CAS].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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Variation, males (5). Cl 5.81-7.50, 6.30
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.31; Cw 5.00-6.19, 5.34
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.22; STRl 3.20-4.19, 3.49
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.18; STRw 2.70-3.27, 2.90
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.1; LBw 0.85-1.02, 0.94
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.04; LBl 0.43-0.63, 0.56
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.04; leg I: 5.25-6.44, 5.58
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.22; 3.50-4.25, 3.73
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.14; 3.65-4.44, 3.91
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.15; 2.25-2.61, 2.34
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.07; 1.75-2.55, 2.25
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.14; leg IV: 5.06-6.25, 5.43
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.28; 2.50-3.13, 2.81
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.13; PTl 2.51-3.00, 2.72
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.08; PTw 0.76-1.02, 0.89
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.04; Bl 1.19-1.49, 1.32
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.05; TSp 3-6, 4.20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.58; TSr 3-5, 4.20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.37; TSrd 4-5, 4.40
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0.24.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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Variation, females (5). Cl 6.69-8.96, 7.55
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.45; Cw 5.31-8.16, 6.50
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.53; STRl 3.75-5.70, 4.41
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.39; STRw 3.12-4.75, 3.70
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.33; LBw 1.07-1.55, 1.31
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.1; LBl 0.71-1.19, 0.93
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.08; Leg I: 14.56-20.94, 17.27
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1.32; ANTd 6-8, 7.20
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0.37; PTLs 14-17, 15.00
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.55; TBs 2-5, 3.00
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0.55.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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Figures 91-94.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Euctenizidae" genus="Aptostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aptostichus angelinajolieae" order="Araneae" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angelinajolieae">Aptostichus angelinajolieae</taxonomicName>
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Bond, 2008. 91-93 male paratype from Monterey Co., Carmel (AP167); scale bars = 1.0mm 91 retrolateral aspect right leg I [805766] 92 prolateral aspect right leg I [805770] 93 retrolateral aspect pedipalp [805772] 94 cleared spermathecae, female holotype from Monterey Co., Carmel Valley (MY3310) [805773]; scale bar = 0.25mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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Figures 95-97.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Euctenizidae" genus="Aptostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aptostichus angelinajolieae" order="Araneae" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angelinajolieae">Aptostichus angelinajolieae</taxonomicName>
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specimens from Monterey Co., Monterey, live photographs. 95 female specimen (AUMS62) 96, 97 malespecimen (MY3630) 97 close up shot of leg I, retrolateral aspect, in life.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="genbank accessions">
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<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">GenBank accessions.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">16S-tRNAval-12S: EU569940-EU569958, EU569991, JX103243-JX103249; 18S (partial)-ITS1-5.8S-ITS2: EU569880-EU569883.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Distribution and natural history.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Euctenizidae" genus="Aptostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aptostichus angelinajolieae" order="Araneae" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angelinajolieae">Aptostichus angelinajolieae</taxonomicName>
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is restricted in distribution to the Santa Lucia Range of Monterey County (Map 6), bounded to
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<pageBreakToken pageId="44" pageNumber="45" start="start">the</pageBreakToken>
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east by the Salinas River Valley (SRV). The ecoregion is characterized as California Coastal Chaparral Forest and Shrub. As discussed in
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<bibRefCitation author="Bond, JE" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" pagination="628 - 646" title="An Integrative Method for Delimiting Cohesion Species: Finding the Population-Species Interface in a Group of Californian Trapdoor Spiders with Extreme Genetic Divergence and Geographic Structuring." url="10.1080/10635150802302443" volume="57" year="2008">Bond and Stockman (2008)</bibRefCitation>
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the DM (Map 7) predicts the areas with the highest probability of occurrence in the regions east of the SRV, with the valley likely serving as a barrier to dispersal. The few male specimens known were collected during the late fall through winter months (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="October–December">October-December</normalizedToken>
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, February), with one specimen collected in July that molted to the final adult stage a month later in August. Female specimens are frequently found on shaded, damp steep banks and road cuts throughout the region. Burrows are generally shallow comprising a white silken lined retreat, covered by a thin silk-soil trapdoor.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<paragraph pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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Maps 6, 7.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Euctenizidae" genus="Aptostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aptostichus angelinajolieae" order="Araneae" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angelinajolieae">Aptostichus angelinajolieae</taxonomicName>
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Bond, 2008. 6 distribution of known specimens 7 predicted distribution; cooler
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<normalizedToken originalValue="colors–blue">colors-blue</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="shades–represent">shades-represent</normalizedToken>
|
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areas of high probability of occurrence, warmer
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="colors–yellow">colors-yellow</normalizedToken>
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and orange
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="shades–represent">shades-represent</normalizedToken>
|
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|
areas of low probability of occurrence.
|
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</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
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|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="conservation status">
|
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|
|
<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
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|
|
<pageBreakToken pageId="45" pageNumber="46" start="start">Conservation</pageBreakToken>
|
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|
|
status.
|
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|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
|||
|
|
The conservation status of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Euctenizidae" genus="Aptostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aptostichus angelinajolieae" order="Araneae" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angelinajolieae">Aptostichus angelinajolieae</taxonomicName>
|
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|
|
is likely classified as secure because it is widespread, abundant, and appears to thrive in moderately developed residential areas.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="species concept applied">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Species concept applied.</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
|||
|
|
Cohesion.
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Euctenizidae" genus="Aptostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aptostichus angelinajolieae" order="Araneae" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angelinajolieae">Aptostichus angelinajolieae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is considered a cohesion species on the basis of it exclusivity as a lineage in DNA studies and lack of genetic exchangeability (gene flow) with other
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="Atomarius" lsidName="Atomarius" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" rank="genus">Atomarius</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
Sibling Species Complex lineages as a consequence of the SRV barrier to gene flow.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|