100 lines
9.5 KiB
XML
100 lines
9.5 KiB
XML
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.614.9368" ID-GBIF-Dataset="84e0cf1f-5f21-413e-81af-b789d349cb42" ID-PMC="PMC5027657" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-614-87" ID-PubMed="27667933" ID-ZBK="4F84989FA4D649EFB5E92058BB0EDF00" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-614-87" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 614" ModsDocTitle="Sumakuru, a deeply-diverging new genus of lyssomanine jumping spiders from Ecuador (Araneae: Salticidae)" checkinTime="1472760768432" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Maddison, Wayne P." docDate="2016" docId="18E5BA64B990A495E8F751B0B28A2E3B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 614: 87-96" docOrigin="ZooKeys 614" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.614.9368" docTitle="Sumakuru Maddison, gen. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="AF495AC9-F56E-44B3-AB88-D1D73AA1089D" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="89" masterDocId="FF9FFF8DFFB2BF233D39FF8530514B12" masterDocTitle="Sumakuru, a deeply-diverging new genus of lyssomanine jumping spiders from Ecuador (Araneae: Salticidae)" masterLastPageNumber="96" masterPageNumber="87" pageNumber="89" updateTime="1668163469852" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Sumakuru, a deeply-diverging new genus of lyssomanine jumping spiders from Ecuador (Araneae: Salticidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Maddison, Wayne P.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>614</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>87</mods:start>
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<mods:end>96</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.614.9368</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.614.9368</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-614-87</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">4F84989FA4D649EFB5E92058BB0EDF00</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">4F84989FA4D649EFB5E92058BB0EDF00</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127902659" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AF495AC9-F56E-44B3-AB88-D1D73AA1089D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/18E5BA64B990A495E8F751B0B28A2E3B" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="2" pageNumber="89">
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="89" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="89">Taxon classification Animalia Araneae Salticidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="89" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="89">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/AF495AC9-F56E-44B3-AB88-D1D73AA1089D" authority="Maddison" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Sumakuru" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sumakuru" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sumakuru Maddison</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="2" pageNumber="89">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="89" type="type species">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="89">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="89">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Sumakuru" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sumakuru bigal" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bigal">Sumakuru bigal</taxonomicName>
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Maddison, sp. n.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="89" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="89">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="89">
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From the Quechua sumak, "great, marvellous" and uru,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“spider”">"spider"</normalizedToken>
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. The same root sumak is the source of the name of the volcano Sumaco, from whose southeastern slopes the type species is known.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Sumakuru" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sumakuru" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sumakuru</taxonomicName>
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is to be treated as grammatically masculine.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="89" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="89">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="89">
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Delicate, pale, and long legged as in other lyssomanines, but with a distinctive palp in which the smoothly arching embolus is connected to the tegulum by a thin sclerite and twisted hematodocha (Fig. 3 arrow). The carapace is narrow, but higher than in
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Chinoscopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chinoscopus" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chinoscopus</taxonomicName>
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; the male chelicerae are simple and relatively short, not long and diverging as in many species of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Lyssomanes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lyssomanes" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lyssomanes</taxonomicName>
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. While the form of the embolus is unique among known lyssomanines, the other features cited are not fully distinctive, as some
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Lyssomanes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lyssomanes" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lyssomanes</taxonomicName>
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have a narrow carapace and short male chelicerae. It is unfortunate that we do not yet have morphological synapomorphies to distinguish each of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Sumakuru" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sumakuru" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sumakuru</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Lyssomanes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lyssomanes" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lyssomanes</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Chinoscopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chinoscopus" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chinoscopus</taxonomicName>
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from one another. However, the molecular data strongly support the distinction of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Sumakuru" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sumakuru" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sumakuru</taxonomicName>
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from other lyssomanines, as discussed below. Some specific sites in the alignments submitted to Dryad at which
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Sumakuru" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sumakuru" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sumakuru</taxonomicName>
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is unique are: at site 562 of the 28S alignment,
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Sumakuru" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sumakuru" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sumakuru</taxonomicName>
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has T instead of G or A; site 861 of 28S, A instead of G; site 589 of 16SND1, A instead of T (thus rendering the 10th amino acid of ND1 translated as asparagine instead of either isoleucine or valine). Comments on monophyly are given under "Phylogeny and Discussion".
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="89">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="89">
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Figures 1-11.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Sumakuru" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sumakuru bigal" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bigal">Sumakuru bigal</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., holotype, except 7 (
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Lyssomanes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lyssomanes" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lyssomanes</taxonomicName>
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for comparison). 1-6 Left palp. 1 Prolateral view 2 Oblique prolateral-ventral view (scale bar 0.1 mm) 3 Ventral view 4 Retrolateral view 5 Oblique prolateral-ventral view showing path of spermophore (as seen by clove oil clearing) and interpretation of parts 6 Same, ventral view 7 Trypsin-cleared left palp of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Lyssomanes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lyssomanes viridis" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridis">Lyssomanes viridis</taxonomicName>
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, ventral view, showing path of spermophore 8 Carapace, dorsal view 9 face (scale bar 1.0 mm) 10 Carapace, lateral view 11 Photograph of holotype, with left palp and left second leg separated. Abbreviations: e = embolus; c = conductor; ma = median apophysis; t = tegulum; st = subtegulum.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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