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<document id="E7860503066A36D88FA0D13B88A8FC89" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3691.1.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8aa312d2-5105-4aea-8c40-191f8ea619b3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="222205" ID-ZooBank="D25D3DD9-8C09-4F9B-91AB-48853F444756" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460649862587" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Cairns, Stephen D. &amp; Polonio, Virginia" docDate="2013" docId="03FD87D6D2361413FF6A939035AD504A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03691p086.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3691 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Bathelia candida Moseley 1881" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" masterDocId="FFC4FFAED2321417FFFD934D314F570A" masterDocTitle="New records of deep-water Scleractinia off Argentina and the Falkland Islands" updateTime="1698337781375" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="2CAD75BBD3D1F34119B7DBB2531FBA20">
<mods:title id="3378F5F7293F01C5F5CE8A197EF823AC">New records of deep-water Scleractinia off Argentina and the Falkland Islands</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="85D523FDBA6EB1541CDA0096EC653013" type="personal">
<mods:role id="D8BFC311BCDB641C8121222AA51893A0">
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<mods:namePart id="0D7269A34190E40862695E85C8C7F151">Cairns, Stephen D.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="822BC6E8FF6D31A2CAADE2D9628A93A7">Polonio, Virginia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="0D6E3A749EA092A7FBC90638D4DA6292">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="8A18CA100F138463A5C22EB27062E347">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="0114E046B96F8B204ACD06E8763915AD">
<mods:date id="1795623E061D63B43BE20A7E3A405FAC">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="1B95C9FACC7D1027A7207CD95239756E">3691</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="8DB115B32DC66EA1C7B55AA4C446B2DC">journal volume</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="3A401D6713596576298253B74851A6BB" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3691.1.2</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D3AE057B927D48C549A142367D0F0A2B" type="GBIF-Dataset">8aa312d2-5105-4aea-8c40-191f8ea619b3</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="859346788FFD3BF6CC926DB0473DEA05" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03FD87D6D2361413FF6A939035AD504A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6151591" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119572513" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6151591" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD87D6D2361413FF6A939035AD504A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FD87D6D2361413FF6A939035AD504A" pageId="4">
<subSubSection id="C34E654BD2361413FF6A939034D75674" pageId="4" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BEB36C0D2361413FF6A9390335457FD" blockId="4.[151,539,221,279]" box="[151,539,221,247]" pageId="4">
<heading id="D0A381ACD2361413FF6A9390335457FD" bold="true" box="[151,539,221,247]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C544D43D2361413FF6A9390335457FD" ID-CoL="KW9C" authority="Moseley, 1881" authorityName="Moseley" authorityYear="1881" box="[151,539,221,247]" class="Anthozoa" family="Oculinidae" genus="Bathelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="candida">
<emphasis id="B920EAD2D2361413FF6A9390335457FD" bold="true" box="[151,539,221,247]" pageId="4">
<emphasis id="B920EAD2D2361413FF6A9390302A57FD" bold="true" box="[151,357,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="4">Bathelia candida</emphasis>
Moseley, 1881
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEB36C0D2361413FF6A93B2302C561D" blockId="4.[151,539,221,279]" box="[151,355,255,279]" pageId="4">
<figureCitation id="136F2A45D2361413FF6A93B231AF561D" box="[151,224,255,279]" captionStart="FIGURE 1. A" captionStartId="5.[151,250,906,929]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,193,873]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[155,1440,193,873]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. A, Flabellum curvatum, in situ, 46 ° 21.2253 ’ S, 59 ° 19.6271 ’ W, 200 m; B, Bathelia candida, in situ, 46 ° 16.5152 ’ S, 60 ° 41.4169 ’ W, 130 m." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222206/files/figure.png" pageId="4">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
B, 2A–C, 5
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEB36C0D2361413FF6A920534D75674" blockId="4.[151,1435,328,383]" pageId="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C544D43D2361413FF6A9205336E5657" authority="Moseley, 1881: 177" authorityName="Moseley" authorityPageNumber="177" authorityYear="1881" box="[151,545,328,350]" class="Anthozoa" family="Oculinidae" genus="Bathelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="candida">
<emphasis id="B920EAD2D2361413FF6A920530085654" box="[151,327,328,350]" italics="true" pageId="4">Bathelia candida</emphasis>
Moseley, 1881: 177
</taxonomicName>
–178, pl. 8, figs. 1–6.—Cairns, 1982: 13, pl. 3, figs. 1–3, Map 1 (re-description and illustrations).—Kitahara &amp; Cairns, 2005: fig. 2E.—Kitahara, 2007: 500, 501 (listed).—Kitahara
<emphasis id="B920EAD2D2361413FB649225359E5674" box="[1177,1233,358,383]" italics="true" pageId="4">et al.</emphasis>
, 2009: 228 (listed).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34E654BD2361413FF6A92E135CB54EB" pageId="4" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BEB36C0D2361413FF6A92E132285596" blockId="4.[151,1436,428,1857]" pageId="4">
<emphasis id="B920EAD2D2361413FF6A92E1304456CE" bold="true" box="[151,267,428,452]" pageId="4">Remarks.</emphasis>
The species was well described by Cairns (1982). The uncommon asexual reproduction mode of distomadeal intratentacular budding, alluded to by Cairns (1982), is illustrated herein (
<figureCitation id="136F2A45D2361413FB909282358756ED" box="[1133,1224,463,487]" captionStart="FIGURE 2. A – C" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1879,1902]" captionTargetBox="[175,1411,195,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[175,1411,195,1843]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. A – C, Bathelia candida: A, PAT 1008 DR 5, rarely observed case of intratentacular budding; B – C, PAT 0210 DR 10, a calice and branch fragment, respectively. D – E, Caryophyllia antarctica, PAT 0209 DR 4, calicular and lateral views of corallum. F – G, C. squiresi, PAT 1208 DR 6, calicular and lateral views of corallum. H – I, C. kellerae, holotype, stereo calicular and lateral views of corallum. J – K, C. coronula, holotype, stereo calicular and lateral views of corallum. L – M, Crispatotrochus cornu, PAT 0209 DR 14, stereo calicular and lateral views of corallum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222207/files/figure.png" pageId="4">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
).
<collectingCountry id="F3437650D2361413FB209282345456ED" box="[1245,1307,463,487]" name="Spain" pageId="4">Septa</collectingCountry>
of the four cycles are virtually indistinguishable in size, all being uniformly narrow with finely dentate axial edges, although the S1–2 are sometimes slightly exsert, conferring a symmetry to the calice. The paliform lobes (incorrectly called pali by Cairns 1982) are tall slender ribbons sometimes occurring two to a septum, but often missing from all or some of the septa within a calice. The paliform lobes (P3) are indistinguishable from the centrally placed columellar elements, altogether forming a robust axial structure.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEB36C0D2361413FF3A91EA30F3545A" blockId="4.[151,1436,428,1857]" pageId="4">
The normally extratentacular (sympodial) budding of this species is usually sufficient to distinguish it from the only other colonial scleractinian known from this region,
<taxonomicName id="4C544D43D2361413FC909181353E55EE" box="[877,1137,716,740]" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Solenosmilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B920EAD2D2361413FC909181353E55EE" box="[877,1137,716,740]" italics="true" pageId="4">Solenosmilia australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which has consistently distomadeal intratentacular budding. But, on rare occasions,
<taxonomicName id="4C544D43D2361413FCB591BC328C5402" box="[840,963,752,776]" class="Anthozoa" family="Oculinidae" genus="Bathelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="candida">
<emphasis id="B920EAD2D2361413FCB591BC328C5402" box="[840,963,752,776]" italics="true" pageId="4">B. candida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known to have this
<typeStatus id="54EF8862D2361413FB3591BC35B75403" box="[1224,1272,753,777]" pageId="4">type</typeStatus>
of budding as well (
<figureCitation id="136F2A45D2361413FF2A9059307E5426" box="[215,305,788,812]" captionStart="FIGURE 2. A – C" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1879,1902]" captionTargetBox="[175,1411,195,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[175,1411,195,1843]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. A – C, Bathelia candida: A, PAT 1008 DR 5, rarely observed case of intratentacular budding; B – C, PAT 0210 DR 10, a calice and branch fragment, respectively. D – E, Caryophyllia antarctica, PAT 0209 DR 4, calicular and lateral views of corallum. F – G, C. squiresi, PAT 1208 DR 6, calicular and lateral views of corallum. H – I, C. kellerae, holotype, stereo calicular and lateral views of corallum. J – K, C. coronula, holotype, stereo calicular and lateral views of corallum. L – M, Crispatotrochus cornu, PAT 0209 DR 14, stereo calicular and lateral views of corallum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222207/files/figure.png" pageId="4">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
). In that case,
<taxonomicName id="4C544D43D2361413FE29905833025426" box="[468,589,788,812]" class="Anthozoa" family="Oculinidae" genus="Bathelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="candida">
<emphasis id="B920EAD2D2361413FE29905833025426" box="[468,589,788,812]" italics="true" pageId="4">B. candida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished by its large columella, paliform lobes (P3), and finely dentate septal axial edges.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEB36C0D2361413FF3A901135CB54EB" blockId="4.[151,1436,428,1857]" pageId="4">
Dead coralla of this species form the substrate for at least six species of solitary
<taxonomicName id="4C544D43D2361413FBA3901135AD547E" box="[1118,1250,860,884]" class="Anthozoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="order">Scleractinia</taxonomicName>
and many other encrusting organisms (see Material). The species occurs in such local abundance (
<figureCitation id="136F2A45D2361413FB8990CD359E5492" box="[1140,1233,896,920]" captionStart="FIGURE 1. A" captionStartId="5.[151,250,906,929]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,193,873]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[155,1440,193,873]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. A, Flabellum curvatum, in situ, 46 ° 21.2253 ’ S, 59 ° 19.6271 ’ W, 200 m; B, Bathelia candida, in situ, 46 ° 16.5152 ’ S, 60 ° 41.4169 ’ W, 130 m." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222206/files/figure.png" pageId="4">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
) that it must be considered to be a framework-forming (or constructional) azooxanthellate species, along with 18 other species discussed by Roberts
<emphasis id="B920EAD2D2361413FE779084308C54EA" box="[394,451,968,992]" italics="true" pageId="4">et al.</emphasis>
(2009: Table 2.3). The tissue of the living coral is pale orange.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34E654BD2361413FF3A90A6325F53B2" pageId="4" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BEB36C0D2361413FF3A90A6325F53B2" blockId="4.[151,1436,428,1857]" pageId="4">
<emphasis id="B920EAD2D2361413FF3A90A6302F530E" bold="true" box="[199,352,1003,1028]" pageId="4">Distribution.</emphasis>
Southernmost
<collectingCountry id="F3437650D2361413FDF190A1331F530E" box="[524,592,1004,1028]" name="Brazil" pageId="4">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(off Rio Grande), entire coast of
<collectingCountry id="F3437650D2361413FC2F90A1350E530E" box="[978,1089,1004,1028]" name="Argentina" pageId="4">Argentina</collectingCountry>
to latitude of Bahía Desvelos, and off Peninsula de Taito,
<collectingCountry id="F3437650D2361413FE19975D336E5322" box="[484,545,1040,1064]" name="Chile" pageId="4">Chile</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="136F2A45D2361413FDC8975D33325322" box="[565,637,1040,1064]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1434,1457]" captionText="FIGURE 5. Distribution of Bathelia candida." pageId="4">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
),
<quantity id="4CAC9B25D2361413FD64975D32615322" box="[665,814,1040,1064]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.063" metricValueMax="1.626" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="4" unit="m" value="1063.0" valueMax="1626.0" valueMin="500.0">500–1626 m</quantity>
. Previously known only from the
<typeStatus id="54EF8862D2361413FB34975D34645322" box="[1225,1323,1040,1064]" pageId="4" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and nine additional records (Cairns 1982), the numerous specimens reported herein add many records of this species from off
<collectingCountry id="F3437650D2361413FF429715307D537A" box="[191,306,1112,1136]" name="Argentina" pageId="4">Argentina</collectingCountry>
, and slightly increase its deepest known depth range from
<quantity id="4CAC9B25D2361413FC36971535CD537A" box="[971,1154,1112,1136]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.438" metricValueMax="1.626" metricValueMin="1.25" pageId="4" unit="m" value="1438.0" valueMax="1626.0" valueMin="1250.0">
<date id="FFEA1000D2361413FC369715352E537A" box="[971,1121,1112,1136]" pageId="4" value="1250" valueMax="1626">1250 to 1626</date>
m
</quantity>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C544D43D2361413FB7097143448537A" box="[1165,1287,1112,1136]" class="Anthozoa" family="Oculinidae" genus="Bathelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="candida">
<emphasis id="B920EAD2D2361413FB7097143448537A" box="[1165,1287,1112,1136]" italics="true" pageId="4">B. candida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is one of the few species to occur in cold temperate as well as the southern warm temperate region of the western Atlantic. It is also noteworthy in occurring on both sides of Patagonia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34E654BD2361413FF3A978E35AD504A" pageId="4" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BEB36C0D2361413FF3A978E35AD504A" blockId="4.[151,1436,428,1857]" pageId="4">
<emphasis id="B920EAD2D2361413FF3A978E306053D6" bold="true" box="[199,303,1219,1244]" pageId="4">Material</emphasis>
: PAT0108DR1, 10, MNCN; PAT0108DR2, 10, MNCN; PAT0108DR7, 10, MNCN; PAT0108DR8, 1, MNCN; PAT0108DR11, 5, MNCN, and as dead substrate for
<taxonomicName id="4C544D43D2361413FCA697A43290520A" box="[859,991,1256,1280]" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Monohedotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="capitolii">
<emphasis id="B920EAD2D2361413FCA697A43290520A" box="[859,991,1256,1280]" italics="true" pageId="4">M. capitolii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, USNM; PAT0108DR12, 10, MNCN; PAT0108DR15, 5, MNCN, and as dead substrate for
<taxonomicName id="4C544D43D2361413FCF8964032DD522E" box="[773,914,1293,1316]" class="Anthozoa" family="Flabellidae" genus="Flabellum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cinctutum">
<emphasis id="B920EAD2D2361413FCF8964032DD522E" box="[773,914,1293,1316]" italics="true" pageId="4">F. cinctutum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, USNM 1193314; PAT1008DR1, 3, MNCN; PAT1008DR4, 5, MNCN; PAT1008DR5, 5, MNCN, and 1 calice, USNM 1193268; PAT1008DR6, 3, MNCN; PAT1008DR9, 2, MNCN; PAT1008DR10, 1, MNCN; PAT1008DR13, 5, MNCN; PAT1008BC24, 1 as dead substrate for
<taxonomicName id="4C544D43D2361413FED7963430AF529A" box="[298,480,1401,1424]" class="Anthozoa" family="Flabellidae" genus="Javania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cristata">
<emphasis id="B920EAD2D2361413FED7963430AF529A" box="[298,480,1401,1424]" italics="true" pageId="4">Javania cristata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, USNM 1193330; PAT1108DR3, 3, MNCN; PAT1108DR4, 5, MNCN and 1 colony, USNM 1193271; PAT1108DR8, 2, MNCN; PAT1108DR9, 10, MNCN; PAT1108DR11, 3, MNCN; PAT1208DR4, 5, MNCN; PAT1208DR5, 5, MNCN; PAT 1208DR6, 5, MNCN; PAT1208DR7, 5, MNCN; PAT1208DR9, 4, MNCN; PAT1208DR10, 5, MNCN; PAT1208DR11, 5, MNCN; PAT1208DR14, 3, MNCN; PAT1208DR16, 5, MNCN; PAT0209DR1, 5, MNCN; PAT0209DR2, 3, MNCN; PAT0209DR3, 5, MNCN; PAT0209DR4, 5, MNCN; PAT0209DR5, 5, MNCN; PAT0209DR7, 5, MNCN; PAT0209DR8, 7, MNCN; PAT0209DR9, 4, MNCN; PAT0209DR10, 3, MNCN; PAT0209DR11, 3, MNCN and as dead substrate for
<taxonomicName id="4C544D43D2361413FBBD951C35895162" box="[1088,1222,1616,1640]" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Desmophyllum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dianthus">
<emphasis id="B920EAD2D2361413FBBD951C35895162" box="[1088,1222,1616,1640]" italics="true" pageId="4">D. dianthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, USNM 1192949; PAT0209DR12, 5, MNCN; PAT0209DR14, 5, MNCN and as dead substrate for
<taxonomicName id="4C544D43D2361413FB99953835825186" box="[1124,1229,1653,1676]" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Crispatotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cornu">
<emphasis id="B920EAD2D2361413FB99953835825186" box="[1124,1229,1653,1676]" italics="true" pageId="4">C. cornu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, USNM1193289; PAT0209DR15, 5, MNCN; PAT0209DR16, dead substrate for
<taxonomicName id="4C544D43D2361413FC8695D432AD51BA" box="[891,994,1689,1712]" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Crispatotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cornu">
<emphasis id="B920EAD2D2361413FC8695D432AD51BA" box="[891,994,1689,1712]" italics="true" pageId="4">C. cornu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, USNM 1193291; PAT0210DR5, 15, MNCN; PAT0210DR6, 10, MNCN; PAT0210DR7, 23, MNCN; PAT0210DR8, 10, MNCN; PAT0210DR9, 5, MNCN; PAT0210DR10, 1 colony, USNM 1193269; PAT0210DR11, 2, MNCN, and 2 branches, USNM 1193270; ATL08Lo17, 1, MNCN; ATL08Lo104, 10, MNCN; ATL09Lo8, 2, MNCN; ATL0310Lo32, 5, MNCN; ATL0310Lo94, 5, MNCN;
<emphasis id="B920EAD2D2361413FE37946430B9504A" box="[458,502,1833,1856]" italics="true" pageId="4">WH</emphasis>
328/71, dead substrate for
<typeStatus id="54EF8862D2361413FCDB946432C9504B" box="[806,902,1833,1857]" pageId="4" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C544D43D2361413FC5194643561504A" box="[940,1070,1832,1856]" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Monohedotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="capitolii">
<emphasis id="B920EAD2D2361413FC5194643561504A" box="[940,1070,1832,1856]" italics="true" pageId="4">M. capitolii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, USNM 83381.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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