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<mods:title id="33A4571871F97F60F1D19C7B1950D0FE">On the identity of species of the huntsman spider genus Thelcticopis Karsch, 1884 (Araneae: Sparassidae: Sparianthinae) from India, Myanmar, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0ABED05AFC2BDE6975CA3FA3103B52F9">Sankaran, Pradeep M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A79E076255F0373506FDB89F0E0CF4B8">Sherwood, Danniella</mods:namePart>
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<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFC3FFB6FF02F8DED7A1BD14" bold="true" box="[151,426,1826,1853]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">Thelcticopis nalandica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="91564B61FFC3FFB6FE2CF8DED46ABD15" author="Karsch, F." box="[441,609,1826,1852]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" pagination="267 - 310" refId="ref17916" refString="Karsch, F. (1892) Arachniden von Ceylon und von Minikoy gesammelt von den Herren Doctoren P. und F. Sarasin. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 36 (2), 267 - 310, pls 10 - 12. [1891]" type="journal article" year="1892">Karsch, 1892</bibRefCitation>
)
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comb. rest.
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<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFC3FFB6FF02F8BBD71CBD48" box="[151,279,1863,1889]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 13" captionStart-1="FIGURES 14" captionStartId-0="18.[151,264,1590,1614]" captionStartId-1="19.[151,264,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,181,1567]" captionTargetBox-1="[214,1374,193,1885]" captionTargetId-0="figure-23@18.[151,1436,181,1567]" captionTargetId-1="figure-19@19.[214,1374,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId-0="18" captionTargetPageId-1="19" captionText-0="FIGURES 13A–D. Thelcticopis nalandica (Karsch, 1892) comb. rest., holotype male.A–B Left palp (A ventral, B retrolateral); C Eye arrangement, dorsal; D Left chelicera, ventral. Abbreviations: aE—apical narrow part of embolus; bE—basal broad part of embolus; C—conductor; CT—conductor tip; iT—internal tooth; TA—tegular apophysis; VO—ventral outgrowth of RTA. Drawings by Peter Jäger." captionText-1="FIGURES 14A–L. Thelcticopis nalandica (Karsch, 1892) comb. rest, holotype male of Stasina nigropicta (A–E), female (F–L). A–B Left palp (A ventral, B retrolateral); C, I Eye arrangement, dorsal; D, J–K Chelicerae, ventral (D, K left, J right); E Habitus, dorsal; F Epigyne, ventral; G Vulva, dorsal. H Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal. L Opisthosoma, dorsal. Abbreviation: CT—conductor tip. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611323" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611325" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/11611323/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/11611325/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">Figs 13–14</figureCitation>
, 
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<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFC3FFB6FF02F870D746BD8A" box="[151,333,1931,1955]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">Stasina nalandica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="91564B61FFC3FFB6FEC1F877D41BBD8A" author="Karsch, F." box="[340,528,1931,1955]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" pagination="267 - 310" refId="ref17916" refString="Karsch, F. (1892) Arachniden von Ceylon und von Minikoy gesammelt von den Herren Doctoren P. und F. Sarasin. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 36 (2), 267 - 310, pls 10 - 12. [1891]" type="journal article" year="1892">Karsch, 1892: 293</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 11, fig. 15 (
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, imm.). 
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="74661081FFC3FFB6FF02F856D41FBDEB" author="Pocock, R. I." box="[151,532,1962,1986]" page="753" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" year="1899">
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<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFC3FFB6FF02F856D75ABDEB" box="[151,337,1962,1986]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">Stasina nigropicta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="91564B61FFC3FFB6FEC2F856D41FBDEB" author="Pocock, R. I." box="[343,532,1962,1986]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" pagination="744 - 753" refId="ref18521" refString="Pocock, R. I. (1899) Diagnoses of some new Indian Arachnida. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 12, 744 - 753." type="journal article" year="1899">Pocock, 1899: 753</bibRefCitation>
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(
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<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFC3FFB6FF02F835D776BDC8" box="[151,381,1993,2017]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">Thelcticopis nalandica</emphasis>
(Karsch)
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: 
<bibRefCitation id="91564B61FFC3FFB6FE7DF835D496BDC8" author="Pocock, R. I." box="[488,669,1993,2017]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" refId="ref18551" refString="Pocock, R. I. (1900) The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Arachnida. Taylor and Francis, London, 279 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 48423" type="book" year="1900">Pocock 1900: 270</bibRefCitation>
(transfer from 
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<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFC3FFB6FCA0F835D58BBDC9" box="[821,896,1993,2016]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">Stasina</emphasis>
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, synonymy of 
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<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFC3FFB6FB80F835D2C5BDC9" box="[1045,1230,1993,2016]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">Stasina nigropicta</emphasis>
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, description of adult 
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<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FE4AFF6BD466BA98" box="[479,621,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">T. nalandica</emphasis>
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, 
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<collectingCountry id="8DD07600FFDDFFA8FCCCFF6AD5F6BA99" box="[857,1021,150,176]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">SRI LANKA</collectingCountry>
: 
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<collectingRegion id="3703F872FFDDFFA8FB9AFF6AD2D3BA98" box="[1039,1240,150,177]" country="Sri Lanka" name="Central" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Central Province</collectingRegion>
:
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between 
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[ca. 
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; 
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<elevation id="7EEAD1A3FFDDFFA8FDBEFF47D479BAFC" box="[555,626,187,213]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6399999999999997" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" unit="m" value="364.0">364 m</elevation>
</quantity>
a.s.l] and Nalanda [
<geoCoordinate id="90F35057FFDDFFA8FCC4FF46D5FFBAFC" box="[849,1012,186,213]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" precision="1" seconds="59.33" value="7.6664805">7°39’59.33”N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="90F35057FFDDFFA8FB95FF47D2A7BAFC" box="[1024,1196,187,213]" degrees="80" direction="east" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" precision="1" seconds="23.42" value="80.63984">80°38’23.42”E</geoCoordinate>
; 
<elevation id="7EEAD1A3FFDDFFA8FB22FF47D330BAFC" box="[1207,1339,187,213]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" unit="m" value="300.0">
<quantity id="323F9B75FFDDFFA8FB22FF47D2F5BAFC" box="[1207,1278,187,213]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
], 
<collectorName id="58325346FFDDFFA8FAC4FF47D6E2BAD0" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">P. &amp; F. Sarasin</collectorName>
leg., ST. XI, F. 15, 6 (
<specimenCode id="A5619EEBFFDDFFA8FE79FF23D4DABAD0" box="[492,721,223,249]" collectionCode="ZMB" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" type="Museum">ZMB 31203–31204</specimenCode>
; examined). 
<typeStatus id="2A7C8832FFDDFFA8FCF6FF23D5C0BAD0" box="[867,971,223,249]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="32C74D13FFDDFFA8FC66FF23D2C9BAD1" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1899" box="[1011,1218,223,249]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Stasina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigropicta">
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FC66FF23D2C9BAD1" box="[1011,1218,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Stasina nigropicta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<specimenCount id="E3C1FD19FFDDFFA8FB5FFF23D2EABAD0" box="[1226,1249,223,249]" count="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
, 
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FB7AFF22D76FBB34" bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">
<collectingCountry id="8DD07600FFDDFFA8FB7AFF22D399BAD1" box="[1263,1426,222,248]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">SRI LANKA</collectingCountry>
: 
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FF02FEFED76FBB34" bold="true" box="[151,356,258,285]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">
<collectingRegion id="3703F872FFDDFFA8FF02FEFED756BB34" box="[151,349,258,285]" country="Sri Lanka" name="Central" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Central Province</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
</emphasis>
Pundaloya [ca. 
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, 
<geoCoordinate id="90F35057FFDDFFA8FD25FEFFD556BB34" box="[688,861,259,285]" degrees="80" direction="east" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" precision="1" seconds="49.77" value="80.663826">80°39’49.77”E</geoCoordinate>
; 
<elevation id="7EEAD1A3FFDDFFA8FCF3FEFFD5FEBB34" box="[870,1013,259,285]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.072" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" unit="m" value="1072.0">
<quantity id="323F9B75FFDDFFA8FCF3FEFFD5B1BB34" box="[870,954,259,285]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.072" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" unit="m" value="1072.0">1072 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
], 
<collectorName id="58325346FFDDFFA8FB9CFEFFD28EBB34" box="[1033,1157,259,285]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">E.G. Green</collectorName>
leg., (
<specimenCode id="A5619EEBFFDDFFA8FB5DFEFFD393BB34" box="[1224,1432,259,285]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" type="Museum">NHMUK 9010.22</specimenCode>
; examined).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="A1B86618FFDCFFA9FF02F927D567BD8E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611321" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11611321" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611321/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" startId="16.[151,264,1755,1779]" targetBox="[159,1426,209,1722]" targetPageId="16" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="F5783690FFDCFFA9FF02F927D567BD8E" blockId="16.[151,1437,1755,1960]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDCFFA9FF02F927D76FBCDA" bold="true" box="[151,356,1755,1779]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">FIGURES 12A–D.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="32C74D13FFDCFFA9FEE4F927D5F8BCDA" authority="Sunil Jose &amp; Sebastian, 2007" authorityName="Sunil Jose &amp; Sebastian" authorityYear="2007" box="[369,1011,1755,1779]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Thelcticopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="moolampilliensis">
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDCFFA9FEE4F927D4ADBCDA" box="[369,678,1755,1779]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">Thelcticopis moolampilliensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="91564B61FFDCFFA9FD27F927D5F8BCDA" author="Sunil Jose, K. &amp; Sebastian, P. A." box="[690,1011,1755,1779]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" pagination="41 - 46" refId="ref19173" refString="Sunil Jose, K. &amp; Sebastian, P. A. (2007) New species of Thelcticopis (Araneae: Sparassidae) from India. Entomon, 32, 41 - 46." type="journal article" year="2007">Sunil Jose &amp; Sebastian, 2007</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, genitalia of non-type male (A–B) and female (C–D) (ZSI/WGRC/I.R.INV.26579). A–B Left palp (A ventral, B retrolateral); C Epigyne, ventral; D Vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: C—conductor; CD—copulatory duct; CO—copulatory opening; CS—cymbial scopula; E—embolus; FD— fertilisation duct; GA—glandular appendage; LL—lateral lobe of epigyne; RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis; S—spermatheca; Sp—spermophor; T—tegulum; TA—tegular apophysis; UA—unpaired appendage; VDL—ventro-distal lobe of palpal tibia. Scale bars: A–B, 1 mm; C–D, 0.5 mm. Drawings by Pradeep Sankaran.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="BDDD651BFFDDFFA8FF52FEB6D292B8E4" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="F5783690FFDDFFA8FF52FEB6D292B8E4" blockId="17.[151,1437,150,1689]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FF52FEB6D749BB4D" bold="true" box="[199,322,330,356]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Males of 
<taxonomicName id="32C74D13FFDDFFA8FE22FEB7D44FBB4C" baseAuthorityName="Karsch" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[439,580,331,357]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Thelcticopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nalandica">
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FE22FEB7D44FBB4C" box="[439,580,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">T. nalandica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FDD9FEB7D4DABB4C" bold="true" box="[588,721,331,357]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">comb. rest.</emphasis>
are very similar to those of 
<taxonomicName id="32C74D13FFDDFFA8FB83FEB7D28CBB4D" baseAuthorityName="Karsch" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[1046,1159,331,356]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Stasina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paripes">
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FB83FEB7D28CBB4D" box="[1046,1159,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">T. paripes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FB05FEB7D31FBB4C" bold="true" box="[1168,1300,331,357]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">comb. rest.</emphasis>
in having a heavily enlarged embolus and conductor, the latter situated in the retrolateral half of tegulum, as well as the elongated dRTA with acuminate distad tip, but are distinguished by (1) RTA simple, i.e., without ventro-medial branch (vs. with such branch in 
<taxonomicName id="32C74D13FFDDFFA8FEECFE4BD7E2BBF9" baseAuthorityName="Karsch" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[377,489,439,464]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Stasina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paripes">
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FEECFE4BD7E2BBF9" box="[377,489,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">T. paripes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FE7AFE4BD479BBF8" bold="true" box="[495,626,439,465]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">comb. rest.</emphasis>
), (2) dRTA with ventral outgrowth (vs. dRTA without such outgrowth in 
<taxonomicName id="32C74D13FFDDFFA8FF02FE27D70EBBDD" baseAuthorityName="Karsch" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[151,261,475,500]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Stasina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paripes">
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FF02FE27D70EBBDD" box="[151,261,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">T. paripes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FE9EFE27D786BBDC" bold="true" box="[267,397,475,501]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">comb. rest.</emphasis>
), (3) conductor tip long, i.e., extending distinctly into prolateral half of tegulum (vs. short, not extending in prolateral half of tegulum in 
<taxonomicName id="32C74D13FFDDFFA8FDE4FE03D4EAB831" baseAuthorityName="Karsch" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[625,737,511,536]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Stasina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paripes">
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FDE4FE03D4EAB831" box="[625,737,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">T. paripes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FD7CFE03D567B830" bold="true" box="[745,876,511,537]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">comb. rest.</emphasis>
) (
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFDDFFA8FC10FE03D219B830" box="[901,1042,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURES 13" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1590,1614]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1567]" captionTargetId="figure-23@18.[151,1436,181,1567]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 13A–D. Thelcticopis nalandica (Karsch, 1892) comb. rest., holotype male.A–B Left palp (A ventral, B retrolateral); C Eye arrangement, dorsal; D Left chelicera, ventral. Abbreviations: aE—apical narrow part of embolus; bE—basal broad part of embolus; C—conductor; CT—conductor tip; iT—internal tooth; TA—tegular apophysis; VO—ventral outgrowth of RTA. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611323" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611323/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Figs 13A–B</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFDDFFA8FB8BFE03D264B830" box="[1054,1135,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURES 14" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[214,1374,193,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-19@19.[214,1374,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 14A–L. Thelcticopis nalandica (Karsch, 1892) comb. rest, holotype male of Stasina nigropicta (A–E), female (F–L). A–B Left palp (A ventral, B retrolateral); C, I Eye arrangement, dorsal; D, J–K Chelicerae, ventral (D, K left, J right); E Habitus, dorsal; F Epigyne, ventral; G Vulva, dorsal. H Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal. L Opisthosoma, dorsal. Abbreviation: CT—conductor tip. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611325" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611325/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">14A–B</figureCitation>
vs. 
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFDDFFA8FB0BFE03D320B830" box="[1182,1323,510,537]" captionStart="FIGURES 15" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1663,1687]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,237,1634]" captionTargetId="figure-23@20.[160,1427,237,1640]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 15A–D. Thelcticopis paripes (Karsch, 1879) comb. rest., holotype male. A–B Left palp (A ventral, B retrolateral); C Eye arrangement, dorsal; D Left chelicera, ventral. Abbreviations: aE—apical narrow part of embolus; bE—basal broad part of embolus; C—conductor; CT—conductor tip; TA—tegular apophysis; vmB—ventro-medial branch of RTA. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611327" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611327/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Figs 15A–B</figureCitation>
). Females of 
<taxonomicName id="32C74D13FFDDFFA8FF20FDDFD74BB814" baseAuthorityName="Karsch" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[181,320,547,573]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Thelcticopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nalandica">
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FF20FDDFD74BB814" box="[181,320,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">T. nalandica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FED3FDDFD7C2B814" bold="true" box="[326,457,547,573]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">comb. rest.</emphasis>
are similar to those of 
<taxonomicName id="32C74D13FFDDFFA8FD5DFDDFD531B814" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1897" box="[712,826,547,573]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Thelcticopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FD5DFDDFD531B814" box="[712,826,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">T. flavipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having median septum with posterior part distinctly narrower than anterior part and being twice as long as wide, but distinguished by (1) lateral lobes medially distinctly concave (vs. not in 
<taxonomicName id="32C74D13FFDDFFA8FEEDFD97D7E7B8AC" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1897" box="[376,492,619,645]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Thelcticopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FEEDFD97D7E7B8AC" box="[376,492,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">T. flavipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and (2) internal duct system simple, i.e., running in a semicircle from anterior to posteriorly situated spermathecae (vs. with anteriad first winding and additional windings laterally before reaching spermathecae postero-laterally in 
<taxonomicName id="32C74D13FFDDFFA8FD87FD4FD48FB8E4" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1897" box="[530,644,691,717]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Thelcticopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FD87FD4FD48FB8E4" box="[530,644,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">T. flavipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFDDFFA8FD08FD4FD528B8E4" box="[669,803,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 14" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[214,1374,193,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-19@19.[214,1374,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 14A–L. Thelcticopis nalandica (Karsch, 1892) comb. rest, holotype male of Stasina nigropicta (A–E), female (F–L). A–B Left palp (A ventral, B retrolateral); C, I Eye arrangement, dorsal; D, J–K Chelicerae, ventral (D, K left, J right); E Habitus, dorsal; F Epigyne, ventral; G Vulva, dorsal. H Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal. L Opisthosoma, dorsal. Abbreviation: CT—conductor tip. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611325" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611325/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Figs 14F–H</figureCitation>
vs. 
<bibRefCitation id="91564B61FFDDFFA8FCC4FD4FD5EDB8E4" author="Pocock, R. I." box="[849,998,691,717]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" pagination="591 - 629" refId="ref18385" refString="Pocock, R. I. (1897) Spinnen (Araneae). In: Kukenthal, W. (ed.), Ergebnisse einer zoologische Forschungsreise in den Molukken und Borneo. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 23, 591 - 629." type="journal article" year="1897">Pocock 1897</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 26, fig. 26).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BDDD651BFFDDFFA8FF52FD2AD5E1BF18" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" type="description">
<paragraph id="F5783690FFDDFFA8FF52FD2AD59ABE1C" blockId="17.[151,1437,150,1689]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FF52FD2AD752B8D9" bold="true" box="[199,345,726,752]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Description.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FEF0FD2BD794B8D8" box="[357,415,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Male</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="2A7C8832FFDDFFA8FE27FD2BD412B8D8" box="[434,537,727,753]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
; 
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFDDFFA8FDBFFD2BD4B1B8D8" box="[554,698,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURES 13" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1590,1614]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1567]" captionTargetId="figure-23@18.[151,1436,181,1567]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 13A–D. Thelcticopis nalandica (Karsch, 1892) comb. rest., holotype male.A–B Left palp (A ventral, B retrolateral); C Eye arrangement, dorsal; D Left chelicera, ventral. Abbreviations: aE—apical narrow part of embolus; bE—basal broad part of embolus; C—conductor; CT—conductor tip; iT—internal tooth; TA—tegular apophysis; VO—ventral outgrowth of RTA. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611323" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611323/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Figs 13A–D</figureCitation>
) [after 
<bibRefCitation id="91564B61FFDDFFA8FC82FD2BD5A0B8D8" author="Karsch, F." box="[791,939,727,753]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" pagination="267 - 310" refId="ref17916" refString="Karsch, F. (1892) Arachniden von Ceylon und von Minikoy gesammelt von den Herren Doctoren P. und F. Sarasin. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 36 (2), 267 - 310, pls 10 - 12. [1891]" type="journal article" year="1892">Karsch 1892</bibRefCitation>
(
<taxonomicName id="32C74D13FFDDFFA8FC55FD2BD25AB8D8" baseAuthorityName="Karsch" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[960,1105,727,753]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Thelcticopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nalandica">
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FC55FD2BD25AB8D8" box="[960,1105,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">T. nalandica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
): body length 12.5; 
<bibRefCitation id="91564B61FFDDFFA8FADFFD2BD6C4B93C" author="Pocock, R. I." pageId="17" pageNumber="318" pagination="744 - 753" refId="ref18521" refString="Pocock, R. I. (1899) Diagnoses of some new Indian Arachnida. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 12, 744 - 753." type="journal article" year="1899">Pocock 1899</bibRefCitation>
(
<taxonomicName id="32C74D13FFDDFFA8FF77FD07D77FB93D" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1899" box="[226,372,763,788]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Stasina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigropicta">
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FF77FD07D77FB93D" box="[226,372,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">T. nigropicta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
): body length 9.5, carapace 4–5; 
<bibRefCitation id="91564B61FFDDFFA8FD6FFD07D599B93C" author="Pocock, R. I." box="[762,914,763,789]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" refId="ref18551" refString="Pocock, R. I. (1900) The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Arachnida. Taylor and Francis, London, 279 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 48423" type="book" year="1900">Pocock 1900</bibRefCitation>
: leg I length 18.0]. 
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FBEDFD07D2B9B93C" box="[1144,1202,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Male</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFDDFFA8FB56FD07D359B93C" box="[1219,1362,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 13" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1590,1614]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1567]" captionTargetId="figure-23@18.[151,1436,181,1567]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 13A–D. Thelcticopis nalandica (Karsch, 1892) comb. rest., holotype male.A–B Left palp (A ventral, B retrolateral); C Eye arrangement, dorsal; D Left chelicera, ventral. Abbreviations: aE—apical narrow part of embolus; bE—basal broad part of embolus; C—conductor; CT—conductor tip; iT—internal tooth; TA—tegular apophysis; VO—ventral outgrowth of RTA. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611323" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611323/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Figs 13C–D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFDDFFA8FAF5FD07D6A7B910" captionStart="FIGURES 14" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[214,1374,193,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-19@19.[214,1374,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 14A–L. Thelcticopis nalandica (Karsch, 1892) comb. rest, holotype male of Stasina nigropicta (A–E), female (F–L). A–B Left palp (A ventral, B retrolateral); C, I Eye arrangement, dorsal; D, J–K Chelicerae, ventral (D, K left, J right); E Habitus, dorsal; F Epigyne, ventral; G Vulva, dorsal. H Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal. L Opisthosoma, dorsal. Abbreviation: CT—conductor tip. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611325" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611325/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">14C– E</figureCitation>
): opisthosoma dorsally and ventrally vividly spotted (
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFDDFFA8FCB0FCE3D584B910" box="[805,911,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURES 14" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[214,1374,193,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-19@19.[214,1374,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 14A–L. Thelcticopis nalandica (Karsch, 1892) comb. rest, holotype male of Stasina nigropicta (A–E), female (F–L). A–B Left palp (A ventral, B retrolateral); C, I Eye arrangement, dorsal; D, J–K Chelicerae, ventral (D, K left, J right); E Habitus, dorsal; F Epigyne, ventral; G Vulva, dorsal. H Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal. L Opisthosoma, dorsal. Abbreviation: CT—conductor tip. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611325" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611325/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Fig. 14E</figureCitation>
). Chelicerae with three promarginal and five retromarginal teeth, two distal of the latter separated by a small gap from others of the retromargin (
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFDDFFA8FB73FCBFD35AB974" box="[1254,1361,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURES 13" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1590,1614]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1567]" captionTargetId="figure-23@18.[151,1436,181,1567]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 13A–D. Thelcticopis nalandica (Karsch, 1892) comb. rest., holotype male.A–B Left palp (A ventral, B retrolateral); C Eye arrangement, dorsal; D Left chelicera, ventral. Abbreviations: aE—apical narrow part of embolus; bE—basal broad part of embolus; C—conductor; CT—conductor tip; iT—internal tooth; TA—tegular apophysis; VO—ventral outgrowth of RTA. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611323" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611323/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Figs 13D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFDDFFA8FAC9FCBFD39BB974" box="[1372,1424,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURES 14" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[214,1374,193,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-19@19.[214,1374,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 14A–L. Thelcticopis nalandica (Karsch, 1892) comb. rest, holotype male of Stasina nigropicta (A–E), female (F–L). A–B Left palp (A ventral, B retrolateral); C, I Eye arrangement, dorsal; D, J–K Chelicerae, ventral (D, K left, J right); E Habitus, dorsal; F Epigyne, ventral; G Vulva, dorsal. H Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal. L Opisthosoma, dorsal. Abbreviation: CT—conductor tip. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611325" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611325/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">14D</figureCitation>
). Anterior eye row straight, posterior eye row slightly procurved; AME largest, others of similar, smaller size (
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFDDFFA8FAFFFC9BD6C3B98C" captionStart="FIGURES 13" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1590,1614]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1567]" captionTargetId="figure-23@18.[151,1436,181,1567]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 13A–D. Thelcticopis nalandica (Karsch, 1892) comb. rest., holotype male.A–B Left palp (A ventral, B retrolateral); C Eye arrangement, dorsal; D Left chelicera, ventral. Abbreviations: aE—apical narrow part of embolus; bE—basal broad part of embolus; C—conductor; CT—conductor tip; iT—internal tooth; TA—tegular apophysis; VO—ventral outgrowth of RTA. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611323" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611323/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Figs 13C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFDDFFA8FF40FC77D70CB98C" box="[213,263,907,933]" captionStart="FIGURES 14" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[214,1374,193,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-19@19.[214,1374,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 14A–L. Thelcticopis nalandica (Karsch, 1892) comb. rest, holotype male of Stasina nigropicta (A–E), female (F–L). A–B Left palp (A ventral, B retrolateral); C, I Eye arrangement, dorsal; D, J–K Chelicerae, ventral (D, K left, J right); E Habitus, dorsal; F Epigyne, ventral; G Vulva, dorsal. H Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal. L Opisthosoma, dorsal. Abbreviation: CT—conductor tip. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611325" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611325/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">14C</figureCitation>
). Spination of legs: femur I–II 323, III 322, IV 321; patella I–IV 000; tibia I 222(15), II 222(14), 
<date id="81791050FFDDFFA8FAC0FC77D6D8B9E0" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" value="2226-03" valueMax="2226-04-31" valueMin="2226-03-00">III–IV 2226</date>
. 
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FF4AFC53D71FB9E0" box="[223,276,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Palp</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFDDFFA8FEB1FC53D7B9B9E0" box="[292,434,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURES 13" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1590,1614]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1567]" captionTargetId="figure-23@18.[151,1436,181,1567]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 13A–D. Thelcticopis nalandica (Karsch, 1892) comb. rest., holotype male.A–B Left palp (A ventral, B retrolateral); C Eye arrangement, dorsal; D Left chelicera, ventral. Abbreviations: aE—apical narrow part of embolus; bE—basal broad part of embolus; C—conductor; CT—conductor tip; iT—internal tooth; TA—tegular apophysis; VO—ventral outgrowth of RTA. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611323" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611323/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Figs 13A–B</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFDDFFA8FE2AFC53D41EB9E0" box="[447,533,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURES 14" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[214,1374,193,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-19@19.[214,1374,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 14A–L. Thelcticopis nalandica (Karsch, 1892) comb. rest, holotype male of Stasina nigropicta (A–E), female (F–L). A–B Left palp (A ventral, B retrolateral); C, I Eye arrangement, dorsal; D, J–K Chelicerae, ventral (D, K left, J right); E Habitus, dorsal; F Epigyne, ventral; G Vulva, dorsal. H Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal. L Opisthosoma, dorsal. Abbreviation: CT—conductor tip. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611325" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611325/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">14A–B</figureCitation>
): cymbium with straight proximo-retrolateral margin. Tibia short, i.e., less than half the length of cymbium. RTA with one broad branch, slightly acuminate tip and ventrad outgrowth subdistally. Tegular apophysis situated medio-retrolaterally. Conductor complex, with acuminate, proximo-prolaterad tip. Embolus with narrow apical part visible centrally, with widened tip.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F5783690FFDDFFA8FF52FBC3D5E1BF18" blockId="17.[151,1437,150,1689]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FF52FBC3D710BE70" box="[199,283,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Female</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFDDFFA8FEBCFBC3D7AEBE70" box="[297,421,1087,1113]" captionStart="FIGURES 14" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[214,1374,193,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-19@19.[214,1374,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 14A–L. Thelcticopis nalandica (Karsch, 1892) comb. rest, holotype male of Stasina nigropicta (A–E), female (F–L). A–B Left palp (A ventral, B retrolateral); C, I Eye arrangement, dorsal; D, J–K Chelicerae, ventral (D, K left, J right); E Habitus, dorsal; F Epigyne, ventral; G Vulva, dorsal. H Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal. L Opisthosoma, dorsal. Abbreviation: CT—conductor tip. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611325" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611325/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Figs 14I–L</figureCitation>
[after 
<bibRefCitation id="91564B61FFDDFFA8FE7BFBC3D488BE70" author="Pocock, R. I." box="[494,643,1087,1113]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" refId="ref18551" refString="Pocock, R. I. (1900) The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Arachnida. Taylor and Francis, London, 279 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 48423" type="book" year="1900">Pocock 1900</bibRefCitation>
: body length 13.5, carapace length 6.0, leg I length 18.5]. Opisthosoma dorsally and ventrally vividly spotted (
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFDDFFA8FDC4FB9FD4B3BE54" box="[593,696,1123,1149]" captionStart="FIGURES 14" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[214,1374,193,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-19@19.[214,1374,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 14A–L. Thelcticopis nalandica (Karsch, 1892) comb. rest, holotype male of Stasina nigropicta (A–E), female (F–L). A–B Left palp (A ventral, B retrolateral); C, I Eye arrangement, dorsal; D, J–K Chelicerae, ventral (D, K left, J right); E Habitus, dorsal; F Epigyne, ventral; G Vulva, dorsal. H Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal. L Opisthosoma, dorsal. Abbreviation: CT—conductor tip. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611325" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611325/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Fig. 14L</figureCitation>
). Chelicerae with 3 promarginal and 5–6 retromarginal teeth, the latter with gap between the three proximal teeth and the rest (
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFDDFFA8FCAFFB7BD5B4BE88" box="[826,959,1159,1185]" captionStart="FIGURES 14" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[214,1374,193,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-19@19.[214,1374,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 14A–L. Thelcticopis nalandica (Karsch, 1892) comb. rest, holotype male of Stasina nigropicta (A–E), female (F–L). A–B Left palp (A ventral, B retrolateral); C, I Eye arrangement, dorsal; D, J–K Chelicerae, ventral (D, K left, J right); E Habitus, dorsal; F Epigyne, ventral; G Vulva, dorsal. H Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal. L Opisthosoma, dorsal. Abbreviation: CT—conductor tip. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611325" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611325/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Figs 14J–K</figureCitation>
). Spination of legs: femur I–II 323, III 322, IV 321; patella I–IV 000; tibia I 000(16), II 000(14), III–IV 0006. 
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FC1FFB57D5FFBEEC" box="[906,1012,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFDDFFA8FB91FB57D29ABEEC" box="[1028,1169,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURES 14" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[214,1374,193,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-19@19.[214,1374,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 14A–L. Thelcticopis nalandica (Karsch, 1892) comb. rest, holotype male of Stasina nigropicta (A–E), female (F–L). A–B Left palp (A ventral, B retrolateral); C, I Eye arrangement, dorsal; D, J–K Chelicerae, ventral (D, K left, J right); E Habitus, dorsal; F Epigyne, ventral; G Vulva, dorsal. H Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal. L Opisthosoma, dorsal. Abbreviation: CT—conductor tip. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611325" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611325/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Figs 14F–H</figureCitation>
): epigynal field slightly wider than long, without anterior bands (
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFDDFFA8FDCBFB33D4CABEC0" box="[606,705,1231,1257]" captionStart="FIGURES 14" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[214,1374,193,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-19@19.[214,1374,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 14A–L. Thelcticopis nalandica (Karsch, 1892) comb. rest, holotype male of Stasina nigropicta (A–E), female (F–L). A–B Left palp (A ventral, B retrolateral); C, I Eye arrangement, dorsal; D, J–K Chelicerae, ventral (D, K left, J right); E Habitus, dorsal; F Epigyne, ventral; G Vulva, dorsal. H Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal. L Opisthosoma, dorsal. Abbreviation: CT—conductor tip. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611325" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611325/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Fig. 14F</figureCitation>
). Lateral lobes kidney-shaped, without posterior projections (
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFDDFFA8FAFAFB33D6CDBF24" captionStart="FIGURES 14" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[214,1374,193,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-19@19.[214,1374,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 14A–L. Thelcticopis nalandica (Karsch, 1892) comb. rest, holotype male of Stasina nigropicta (A–E), female (F–L). A–B Left palp (A ventral, B retrolateral); C, I Eye arrangement, dorsal; D, J–K Chelicerae, ventral (D, K left, J right); E Habitus, dorsal; F Epigyne, ventral; G Vulva, dorsal. H Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal. L Opisthosoma, dorsal. Abbreviation: CT—conductor tip. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611325" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611325/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Fig. 14F</figureCitation>
). Median septum with anterior median ridge (
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFDDFFA8FD4EFB0FD549BF24" box="[731,834,1267,1293]" captionStart="FIGURES 14" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[214,1374,193,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-19@19.[214,1374,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 14A–L. Thelcticopis nalandica (Karsch, 1892) comb. rest, holotype male of Stasina nigropicta (A–E), female (F–L). A–B Left palp (A ventral, B retrolateral); C, I Eye arrangement, dorsal; D, J–K Chelicerae, ventral (D, K left, J right); E Habitus, dorsal; F Epigyne, ventral; G Vulva, dorsal. H Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal. L Opisthosoma, dorsal. Abbreviation: CT—conductor tip. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611325" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611325/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Fig. 14F</figureCitation>
). Internal duct system with narrow copulatory ducts widening posteriorly, fertilisation ducts narrow, long and laterad (
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFDDFFA8FCE0FAEBD5D5BF18" box="[885,990,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURES 14" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[214,1374,193,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-19@19.[214,1374,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 14A–L. Thelcticopis nalandica (Karsch, 1892) comb. rest, holotype male of Stasina nigropicta (A–E), female (F–L). A–B Left palp (A ventral, B retrolateral); C, I Eye arrangement, dorsal; D, J–K Chelicerae, ventral (D, K left, J right); E Habitus, dorsal; F Epigyne, ventral; G Vulva, dorsal. H Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal. L Opisthosoma, dorsal. Abbreviation: CT—conductor tip. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611325" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611325/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Fig. 14G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BDDD651BFFDDFFA8FF52FAC6D44EBF7C" box="[199,581,1338,1365]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="F5783690FFDDFFA8FF52FAC6D44EBF7C" blockId="17.[151,1437,150,1689]" box="[199,581,1338,1365]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FF52FAC6D76ABF7D" bold="true" box="[199,353,1338,1364]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="8DD07600FFDDFFA8FEF2FAC7D7DEBF7C" box="[359,469,1339,1365]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFDDFFA8FE71FAC7D432BF7C" box="[484,569,1339,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1449,1473]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1425]" captionTargetId="figure-19@35.[151,1435,181,1425]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 27. Distribution of the genus Thelcticopis Karsch, 1884 in southern India and Sri Lanka." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611352" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611352/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BDDD651BFFDDFFA8FF52FAA3D269BCB0" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="F5783690FFDDFFA8FF52FAA3D269BCB0" blockId="17.[151,1437,150,1689]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FF52FAA3D730BF50" bold="true" box="[199,315,1375,1401]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Remarks.</emphasis>
Internal tooth on RTA not observed in 
<typeStatus id="2A7C8832FFDDFFA8FC9CFAA3D560BF50" box="[777,875,1375,1401]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
male of 
<taxonomicName id="32C74D13FFDDFFA8FC42FAA3D261BF51" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1899" box="[983,1130,1375,1401]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Stasina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigropicta">
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FC42FAA3D5EEBF50" box="[983,997,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">S</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FC63FAA3D261BF51" box="[1014,1130,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">nigropicta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The 
<typeStatus id="2A7C8832FFDDFFA8FB3AFAA3D30DBF50" box="[1199,1286,1375,1401]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
female of 
<taxonomicName id="32C74D13FFDDFFA8FA1DFAA3D70CBFB4" baseAuthorityName="Karsch" baseAuthorityYear="1892" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Thelcticopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nalandica">
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FA1DFAA3D70CBFB4" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">T. nalandica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FE85FA7FD79EBFB4" bold="true" box="[272,405,1411,1437]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">comb. rest.</emphasis>
is immature (in contrast to what was indicated by the 
<bibRefCitation id="91564B61FFDDFFA8FB9EFA7FD342BFB4" author="World Spider Catalog" box="[1035,1353,1411,1437]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" refId="ref19499" refString="World Spider Catalog (2024) World Spider Catalog. Version 25.0. Natural History Museum, Bern. Available from: http: // wsc. nmbe. ch (accessed 11 February 2024) https: // doi. org / 10.24436 / 2" type="book" year="2024">World Spider Catalog 2024</bibRefCitation>
). Thus, 
<bibRefCitation id="91564B61FFDDFFA8FF02FA5BD732BFE8" author="Pocock, R. I." box="[151,313,1447,1473]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" refId="ref18551" refString="Pocock, R. I. (1900) The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Arachnida. Taylor and Francis, London, 279 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 48423" type="book" year="1900">Pocock (1900)</bibRefCitation>
provided the first description of the female for that species. The suggested record for 
<collectingCountry id="8DD07600FFDDFFA8FB4FFA5BD332BFE8" box="[1242,1337,1447,1473]" name="Pakistan" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="3703F872FFDDFFA8FAD3FA5BD393BFE8" box="[1350,1432,1447,1473]" country="Pakistan" name="Punjab" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Punjab</collectingRegion>
, Lahore, Dane Park; 
<bibRefCitation id="91564B61FFDDFFA8FEE9FA37D425BFCC" author="Dyal, S." box="[380,558,1482,1509]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" pagination="119 - 252" refId="ref17418" refString="Dyal, S. (1935) Fauna of Lahore. 4. Spiders of Lahore. Bulletin of the Department of Zoology of the Panjab University, 1, 119 - 252, pls 11 - 17." type="journal article" year="1935">Dyal 1935: 213</bibRefCitation>
) is considered doubtful here. First of all, the 
<specimenCount id="E3C1FD19FFDDFFA8FBA7FA37D2BBBFCC" box="[1074,1200,1483,1509]" count="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" type="female">two female</specimenCount>
specimens listed are immature. The other two 
<taxonomicName id="32C74D13FFDDFFA8FE57FA13D4ACBC20" box="[450,679,1519,1545]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FE57FA13D440BC20" box="[450,587,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Thelcticopis</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
described in the same paper are doubted to be even 
<taxonomicName id="32C74D13FFDDFFA8FA8DFA13D397BC20" authorityName="Bertkau" authorityYear="1872" box="[1304,1436,1519,1545]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sparassidae</taxonomicName>
(see remarks under 
<taxonomicName id="32C74D13FFDDFFA8FEEDF9EFD7F2BC05" authorityName="Dyal" authorityYear="1935" box="[376,505,1555,1580]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Thelcticopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ancorum">
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FEEDF9EFD7F2BC05" box="[376,505,1555,1580]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">T. ancorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="32C74D13FFDDFFA8FDA6F9EFD4C9BC04" authorityName="Dyal" authorityYear="1935" box="[563,706,1555,1581]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Thelcticopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="telonotata">
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FDA6F9EFD4C9BC04" box="[563,706,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">T. telonotata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), thus it is assumed that 
<bibRefCitation id="91564B61FFDDFFA8FC74F9EFD260BC04" author="Dyal, S." box="[993,1131,1554,1581]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" pagination="119 - 252" refId="ref17418" refString="Dyal, S. (1935) Fauna of Lahore. 4. Spiders of Lahore. Bulletin of the Department of Zoology of the Panjab University, 1, 119 - 252, pls 11 - 17." type="journal article" year="1935">Dyal (1935)</bibRefCitation>
did not use the concept of 
<taxonomicName id="32C74D13FFDDFFA8FF02F9CBD72BBC78" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1884" box="[151,288,1591,1617]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Thelcticopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFDDFFA8FF02F9CBD72BBC78" box="[151,288,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Thelcticopis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as described by L. 
<bibRefCitation id="91564B61FFDDFFA8FD9CF9CBD494BC78" author="Koch, L." box="[521,671,1590,1617]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" pagination="577 - 740" refId="ref18021" refString="Koch, L. (1875) Die Arachniden Australiens, nach der Natur beschrieben und abgebildet [Erster Theil. Lieferung 12 - 16]. Bauer &amp; Raspe, Nurnberg, pp. 577 - 740, pls. XLIV - LXV. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 121660" type="book chapter" year="1875">Koch (1875)</bibRefCitation>
. Moreover, the large gap of 
<quantity id="323F9B75FFDDFFA8FC79F9CBD258BC78" box="[1004,1107,1591,1617]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" unit="km" value="2000.0">2000 km</quantity>
between the nearest records for the genus in southern and eastern 
<collectingCountry id="8DD07600FFDDFFA8FDD2F9A7D48ABC5C" box="[583,641,1627,1653]" name="India" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">India</collectingCountry>
and the rather dry environments in Lahore suggest that the otherwise tropically distributed subfamily 
<taxonomicName id="32C74D13FFDDFFA8FE6AF983D526BCB0" authority="(Jager 2001)" baseAuthorityName="Jager" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[511,813,1663,1689]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Sparianthinae">
Sparianthinae (
<bibRefCitation id="91564B61FFDDFFA8FD3DF983D52EBCB0" author="Jager, P." box="[680,805,1663,1689]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" pagination="1 - 136" refId="ref17576" refString="Jager, P. (2001) Diversitat der Riesenkrabbenspinnen im Himalaya. Uber eine Radiation zweier Gattungen in den Schneetropen (Araneae: Sparassidae: Heteropodinae). Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, 232, 1 - 136." type="journal article" year="2001">Jäger 2001</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
does not occur in 
<collectingCountry id="8DD07600FFDDFFA8FC6EF983D255BCB0" box="[1019,1118,1663,1689]" name="Pakistan" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>