treatments-xml/data/03/48/58/0348587A9F598C217BB71AB0A4E30BDF.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-200-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="7A6D49A85B285350A8D2FC5C9C36B90B" ModsDocID="1314-2003-200-1" checkinTime="1655292389427" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Barboza, Gloria E., Garcia, Carolina Carrizo, Bianchetti, Luciano de Bem, Romero, Maria V. &amp; Scaldaferro, Marisel" docDate="2022" docId="0348587A9F598C217BB71AB0A4E30BDF" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 200: 1-423" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 200" docPubDate="2022-06-14" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667" docTitle="Capsicum mirum Barboza 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" id="7A6D49A85B285350A8D2FC5C9C36B90B" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="7A6D49A85B285350A8D2FC5C9C36B90B" masterDocTitle="Monograph of wild and cultivated chili peppers (Capsicum L., Solanaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="423" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1655292705827" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Monograph of wild and cultivated chili peppers (Capsicum L., Solanaceae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Barboza, Gloria E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1085-036X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia Vegetal (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cordoba), Casilla de Correo 495, 5000 Cordoba, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">gbarboza@imbiv.unc.edu.ar</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Garcia, Carolina Carrizo</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia Vegetal (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cordoba), Casilla de Correo 495, 5000 Cordoba, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">ccarrizo@imbiv.unc.edu.ar</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Bianchetti, Luciano de Bem</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria-Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Recursos Geneticos e Biotecnologia (EMBRAPA-Recursos Geneticos e Biotecnologia), PqEB Parque Estacao Biologica, Av. W / 5 final, Brasilia-DF, CEP 70770 - 917, Caixa Postal 02372, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Romero, Maria V.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia Vegetal (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cordoba), Casilla de Correo 495, 5000 Cordoba, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Scaldaferro, Marisel</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia Vegetal (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cordoba), Casilla de Correo 495, 5000 Cordoba, Argentina &amp; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-06-14</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>200</mods:number>
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>423</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-200-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">7A6D49A85B285350A8D2FC5C9C36B90B</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0348587A9F598C217BB71AB0A4E30BDF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0348587A9F598C217BB71AB0A4E30BDF" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
30. 
<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77299337-1" authority="Barboza" authorityName="Barboza" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capsicum mirum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mirum" status="sp. nov.">Capsicum mirum Barboza</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 91" captionStartId="F91" captionText="Figure 91. Capsicum mirum A plant B flowering branch C bud on geniculate pedicel D flower in pre-anthesis E flower, lateral view F flower, in front view G flower, seen from behind H fruiting calyx I immature fruits. No specimen vouchers. Photos taken in situ by J. Lackey (Associazione PepperFriends)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667.figure91" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/695506" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 91</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barboza" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capsicum mirum" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mirum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Capsicum mirum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is morphologically most similar to 
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. cornutum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cornutum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. cornutum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Hiern) Hunz., but differs in having antrorse pubescence on stems and leaves, longer petioles, a 2-3-flowered inflorescence, shorter pedicels, purple buds, subequal calyx appendages, smaller corollas almost entirely purplish outside and within and longer filaments.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2006-02-26" collectorName="de Bananal, G. E. Barboza, E. M. Filippa, A. Gutierrez, G. Bertone" country="Brazil" elevation="1150" latitude="-22.758612" location="Sertao do Bocaina" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-44.385834" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sao Paulo" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry name="Brazil">Brazil</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo">
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
Paulo
</collectingRegion>
: Mun. Bananal, a unos 
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" unit="km" value="17.0">17 km</quantity>
al sur 
<collectorName>de Bananal</collectorName>
, por ruta SP 247, rumbo a 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0348587A9F598C217BB71AB0A4E30BDF:D8ECDF211F24929298DAB061AB810CE4" country="Brazil" latitude="-22.758612" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-44.385834" name="Sertao do Bocaina" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sertão">Sertao</normalizedToken>
do Bocaina
</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="31" value="-22.758612">22°45'31&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="44" direction="west" minutes="23" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="09" value="-44.385834">44°23'09&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" unit="m" value="1150.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" unit="m" value="1150.0">1150 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<collectingDate value="2006-02-26">26 Feb 2006</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectorName>G.E. Barboza</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName>E.M. Filippa</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName>A. Gutierrez</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName>G. Bertone</collectorName>
1648
</emphasis>
(fl, fr) (
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
: CORD [CORD 00101760], isotypes: BHCB [BHCB 195615], CORD [CORD00101760])
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Erect to compact shrubs 1.5-2 (-3) m tall, much branched above, the branches dichotomous, much spreading horizontally and leafy. Young stems angled, fragile, green, densely pubescent with flexuous, antrorse, curved, simple, uniseriate, 4-7-celled, eglandular trichomes 0.3-0.8 mm long; nodes solid, purple; bark of older stems brown, moderately pubescent; lenticels absent. Sympodial units difoliate, the leaves geminate, the leaf pair unequal in size and similar or dissimilar in shape. Leaves membranous, slightly discolorous, green adaxially, pale green with the mid-vein and the secondary veins prominent abaxially, moderately pubescent on both surfaces and margins, abaxial veins densely pubescent with antrorse, curved, 3-6-celled, eglandular trichomes; blades of major leaves 7-10.5 cm long, 2.5-3.5 cm wide, elliptic or ovate, the major veins 5-6 on each side of mid-vein, the base unequal and attenuate, the margins entire, the apex acute to acuminate; petioles 1.4-2.5 cm long, green adaxially and abaxially, moderately pubescent, the trichomes antrorse; blades of minor leaves 4.5-5.7 cm long, 2.5-2.7 cm wide, ovate, the major veins 3-4 on each side of mid-vein, the base attenuate or rounded, the margins entire, the apex acute; petioles 0.8-1 cm long, green, moderately pubescent, the trichomes antrorse. Inflorescences axillary, 2-3 flowers per axil or flowers solitary; flowering pedicels 12-17 mm long, thin, angled, erect to slightly spreading, geniculate at anthesis, green or with purple lines, the youngest purple, densely pubescent, the eglandular trichomes long and spreading, the glandular trichomes sparse, small; pedicels scars inconspicuous. Buds globose to ovoid, purple to strongly purple and green at the base. Flowers 5-merous. Calyx 1.8-2 mm long, ca. 2.5 mm wide, cup-shaped, circular in outline, fleshy, green, strongly 10-nerved, the veins purple, densely pubescent with short antrorse eglandular trichomes, the calyx appendages 10, (1.7-) 2-3.2 mm long, subequal, thin, spreading, cylindrical, green, inserted very close to the margin, densely pubescent with spreading, long, eglandular trichomes. Corolla 6-8 mm long, 11-14 mm in diameter, almost entirely purple, with a thin white margin and yellowish-green centre outside and within, stellate with thin interpetalar membrane, lobed halfway to the base, pubescent adaxially with glandular trichomes (stalk long, 2-3-celled; head globose, peltate, unicellular) in the throat and base of the lobes, glabrous abaxially, the tube 2-3 mm long, the lobes 4-5 mm long, 3.5-4 mm wide, triangular, the margins with short eglandular trichomes, the tips papillate or with short eglandular trichomes. Stamens five, equal; filaments 3-3.2 mm long, white, inserted on the corolla ca. 1 mm from the base, with auricles fused to the corolla at the point of insertion; anthers 1.3-1.6 mm long, ellipsoid, lilac or pale blue, with a broad cream connective before opening, not connivent at anthesis. Gynoecium with ovary ca. 1.2 mm in diameter, light green, globose; ovules more than two per locule; nectary ca. 0.5 mm tall, paler than the ovary; styles homomorphic, 3.5-5 mm long, barely exserted beyond the anthers, cream, clavate; stigma 0.2-0.3 mm long, ca. 0.8-0.9 mm wide, discoid, cream. Berry globose, green when immature (mature berries not seen), pungent, the pericarp with giant cells (endocarp alveolate), stone cells absent; fruiting pedicels 20-30 mm long, pendent and curved, angled, slightly widened at the apex, green; fruiting calyx 3-4 mm in diameter, persistent, not accrescent, discoid, green or purple, the appendages 2.5-3.5 mm long, spreading, straight or slightly curved. Seeds 9-12 per fruit, 2.4-3.2 mm long, 1.8-2.3 mm wide, C-shaped, brownish-black to black, the seed coat reticulate and tuberculate at margins (SM), reticulate with pillar-like outgrowths at margins (SEM); the cells irregular in shape, the lateral walls sinuate, polygonal at margins; embryo imbricate.</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667.figure91" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/695506" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 91" startId="F91">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 91.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barboza" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capsicum mirum" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mirum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Capsicum mirum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
plant 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
flowering branch 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
bud on geniculate pedicel 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
flower in pre-anthesis 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
flower, lateral view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
flower, in front view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
flower, seen from behind 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
fruiting calyx 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
immature fruits. No specimen vouchers. Photos taken 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in situ</emphasis>
by J. Lackey (Associazione PepperFriends).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barboza" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capsicum mirum" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mirum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Capsicum mirum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in a very restricted area in south-eastern Brazil (
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
Paulo State) (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 92" captionStartId="F92" captionText="Figure 92. Distribution of C. mirum, C. muticum, C. neei and C. parvifolium." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667.figure92" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/695507" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">92</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667.figure92" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/695507" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 92" startId="F92">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 92.</emphasis>
Distribution of 
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. mirum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mirum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. mirum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. muticum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="muticum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. muticum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. neei" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="neei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. neei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. parvifolium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="parvifolium">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. parvifolium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barboza" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capsicum mirum" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mirum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Capsicum mirum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in small populations in the coastal Atlantic Forests (Mata 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Atlântica">Atlantica</normalizedToken>
), at the margins of the forest usually in the sun, between 1,100 and 1,300 m elevation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="phenology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The species has been collected in flower and in immature fruits (but mature seeds) in February and April.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="chromosome number">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chromosome number.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Not known.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The specific epithet comes from the Latin 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">mirus</emphasis>
(wonderful, extraordinary), referring to the remarkable beauty of this species given by the colourful corolla and the showy calyx.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">None recorded.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="uses">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Uses.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">None recorded.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation assessment">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation assessment.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
EOO (1.205 km2); AOO (8 km2). 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barboza" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capsicum mirum" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mirum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Capsicum mirum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the species with the narrowest extent of occurrence in the genus and with only three collections probably belonging to a single population. The species has been collected in an unprotected clearing of the Atlantic Forest where a continuing decline of the mature individuals has been observed. According to IUCN criteria, 
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. mirum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mirum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. mirum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is proposed as a Critically Endangered species (CR; B1ab; C2a(i)).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barboza" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capsicum mirum" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mirum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Capsicum mirum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs to the Atlantic Forest clade (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcw079" author="Carrizo Garcia, C" journalOrPublisher="Annals of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="35 - 51" refId="B79" refString="Carrizo Garcia, C, Barfuss, MHJ, Sehr, EM, Barboza, GE, Samuel, R, Moscone, EA, Ehrendorfer, F, 2016. Phylogenetic relationships, diversification and expansion of chili peppers (Capsicum, Solanaceae). Annals of Botany 118: 35 - 51, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcw079" title="Phylogenetic relationships, diversification and expansion of chili peppers (Capsicum, Solanaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcw079" volume="118" year="2016">
Carrizo 
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
et al. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
, as 
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. hunzikerianum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="hunzikerianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. hunzikerianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). It is a beautiful species due to its profuse flowering branches (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 91" captionStartId="F91" captionText="Figure 91. Capsicum mirum A plant B flowering branch C bud on geniculate pedicel D flower in pre-anthesis E flower, lateral view F flower, in front view G flower, seen from behind H fruiting calyx I immature fruits. No specimen vouchers. Photos taken in situ by J. Lackey (Associazione PepperFriends)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667.figure91" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/695506" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">91A</figureCitation>
), the intensely purple buds and corollas (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 91" captionStartId="F91" captionText="Figure 91. Capsicum mirum A plant B flowering branch C bud on geniculate pedicel D flower in pre-anthesis E flower, lateral view F flower, in front view G flower, seen from behind H fruiting calyx I immature fruits. No specimen vouchers. Photos taken in situ by J. Lackey (Associazione PepperFriends)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667.figure91" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/695506" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">91C-G</figureCitation>
) and the long and spreading calyx appendages (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 91" captionStartId="F91" captionText="Figure 91. Capsicum mirum A plant B flowering branch C bud on geniculate pedicel D flower in pre-anthesis E flower, lateral view F flower, in front view G flower, seen from behind H fruiting calyx I immature fruits. No specimen vouchers. Photos taken in situ by J. Lackey (Associazione PepperFriends)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667.figure91" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/695506" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">91E, H, I</figureCitation>
). Although 
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. mirum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mirum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. mirum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a very attractive plant, it has been poorly collected.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barboza" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capsicum mirum" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mirum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Capsicum mirum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is morphologically similar to 
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. cornutum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cornutum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. cornutum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. mirabile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mirabile">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. mirabile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. carassense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="carassense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. carassense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with which it shares geniculate flowering pedicels at anthesis, stellate corollas, pungent fruits, brownish-black to black seeds with seed coat reticulate and tuberculate at margins and similar habitat. Differences between these species are provided in Table 
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="T4" captionText="Table 4. Differences between C. mirum, C. cornutum, Capsicum carassense and C. mirabile." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/12BEDE7721F4EC6B3BDAA7E31F81D20A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="12BEDE7721F4EC6B3BDAA7E31F81D20A">4</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barboza" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capsicum mirum" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mirum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Capsicum mirum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(as 
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. hunzikerianum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="hunzikerianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. hunzikerianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) resolved as sister to 
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. schottianum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="schottianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. schottianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcw079" author="Carrizo Garcia, C" journalOrPublisher="Annals of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="35 - 51" refId="B79" refString="Carrizo Garcia, C, Barfuss, MHJ, Sehr, EM, Barboza, GE, Samuel, R, Moscone, EA, Ehrendorfer, F, 2016. Phylogenetic relationships, diversification and expansion of chili peppers (Capsicum, Solanaceae). Annals of Botany 118: 35 - 51, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcw079" title="Phylogenetic relationships, diversification and expansion of chili peppers (Capsicum, Solanaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcw079" volume="118" year="2016">
Carrizo 
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
et al. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
). The two species have an overlapping range in 
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
Paulo and their habitats are close enough for the two species to interact. 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capsicum schottianum" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schottianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Capsicum schottianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is easily differentiated from 
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. mirum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mirum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. mirum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its glabrescent to moderate pubescence, greenish-white buds, lack of calyx appendages (or five minute appendages) and mostly white corolla with a different intensity of the purple spots within (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 116" captionStartId="F116" captionText="Figure 116. Capsicum schottianum A plant B flower buds on geniculate pedicel C flower, in pre-anthesis D-J flowers, in front view, showing variations in the purple and greenish pigmentation of the corolla K, L flowers, seen from behind M flower in lateral view, showing not connivent anthers and style slightly exserted N immature fruits O mature fruit A, C Barboza et al. 1638 B, J, K, M from Barboza 5043 D, G, L from Barboza &amp; Deanna 5019 E from Barboza &amp; Deanna 5017 F from Barboza &amp; Deanna 5029 H from Barboza &amp; Deanna 5018 I, O from Barboza &amp; Deanna 5014 N from Barboza &amp; Deanna 5006. Photos by G. E. Barboza and R. Deanna." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667.figure116" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/695531" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">116B-H</figureCitation>
). No intermediate individuals have been found in the area, but intensive field explorations are needed to better understand the range of 
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. mirum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mirum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. mirum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and if it hybridises with 
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. schottianum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="schottianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. schottianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="paratypes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratypes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Brazil. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
Paulo: Mun. Bananal, a unos 17 km al sur de Bananal, por ruta SP 247, rumbo a 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sertão">Sertao</normalizedToken>
do Bocaina, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="50" value="-22.76389">22°45'50&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="44" direction="west" minutes="23" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="35" value="-44.39306">44°23'35&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 1150 m elev., 26 Feb 2006 (fl, fr), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G.E. Barboza et al. 1649</emphasis>
(CORD); do cruzamento de Bananal rumo 
<normalizedToken originalValue="à">a</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Estacão">Estacao</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ecológica">Ecologica</normalizedToken>
de Bananal, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="46" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="55.8" value="-22.782166">22°46'55.8&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="44" direction="west" minutes="22" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="41.1" value="-44.378082">44°22'41.1&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 1333 m elev., 5 Apr 2018 (fl, fr), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J.R. Stehmann et al. 6474</emphasis>
(= 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G.E. Barboza &amp; R. Deanna 5028</emphasis>
) (BHCB).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>