<documentid="49634D1ACEFF16EE52CBE3A3BAF059DF"ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.640.1.4"ID-ISSN="1179-3163"ID-Zenodo-Dep="13213472"IM.bibliography_approvedBy="guilherme"IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe"IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme"IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe"IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe"IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe"checkinTime="1722601995758"checkinUser="felipe"docAuthor="Averyanov, Leonid V., Nguyen, Van Canh, Bui, Van Huong, Vuong, Truong Ba, Wynn-Jones, Bleddyn, Nuraliev, Maxim S., Maisak, Tatiana V., Krupkina, Ludmila I., Luu, Hong Truong, Nguyen, Khang Sinh & Nguyen, Van Khuong"docDate="2024"docId="0384B624FFE22C30FF6AFEB2FDC1FC8E"docLanguage="en"docName="phytotaxa.640.1.4.pdf"docOrigin="Phytotaxa 640 (1)"docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.640.1.4"docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article"docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9"docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article"docStyleVersion="13"docTitle="Aspidistra quanii Aver. & V. C. Nguyen, sp. nov."docType="treatment"docVersion="4"lastPageNumber="47"masterDocId="FFBDCE5CFFE42C38FFE2FFC4FFF0FFCE"masterDocTitle="Novelties in Aspidistra (Asparagaceae, Convallarioideae) with erect stems in the flora of Vietnam: A. quanii, a new species, and A. erecta, a new national record"masterLastPageNumber="49"masterPageNumber="39"pageNumber="45"updateTime="1724675596349"updateUser="guilherme"zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED"zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:titleid="AB9DEB11CCCABB33D35EC1A65B46F5C7">Novelties in Aspidistra (Asparagaceae, Convallarioideae) with erect stems in the flora of Vietnam: A. quanii, a new species, and A. erecta, a new national record</mods:title>
<mods:affiliationid="AB8645F2481645A57A1109AA3EC5E1D1">Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2, Prof. Popov Street, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="49F7D934FC98239934AA32A522B29C8E">Institute of Applied Technology, Thu Dau Mot University, No. 6, Tran Van On Street, Phu Hoa Ward, Thu Dau Mot City, Binh Duong Province, Vietnam.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:namePartid="F1453344C17A00BF3CB5F282581403EF">Bui, Van Huong</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliationid="60052F1F64BB0C9E11E3D2212CC54425">Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18, Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay District, Hanoi, Vietnam. & Vietnam National Museum of Nature, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18, Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay District, Hanoi, Vietnam.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="F31DACC3D96ABC6211D2CE162CD94AB0">Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 85, Tran Quoc Toan Street, District 3, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="2C573B18825EF97C2E348BEBBDEA1966">Department of Higher Plants, Biological Faculty, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1, 12, Leninskie Gory, 119234 Moscow, Russia. & Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Scientific and Technological Center, 63, Nguyen Van Huyen Street, Cau Giay District, 122000 Hanoi, Vietnam.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="19FE0F86D2131B4364E00661A715C7B2">Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2, Prof. Popov Street, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="B7192772F93CC1FB736B03B073927C60">Southern Institute of Ecology, Institute of Applied Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 1 D, TL 29 Street, Thanh Loc Ward, District 12, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="3662BBC40489ABB637A5E766812B0C70">Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18, Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay District, Hanoi, Vietnam. & Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18, Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay District, Hanoi, Vietnam.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="0E1501D98CB245CA1A81B9F33FC13F7E">Institute of Applied Technology, Thu Dau Mot University, No. 6, Tran Van On Street, Phu Hoa Ward, Thu Dau Mot City, Binh Duong Province, Vietnam.</mods:affiliation>
<taxonomicNameid="4C2D7CB1FFE22C3EFF6AFEB2FDCFFE5E"authority="Aver. & V.C.Nguyen"authorityName="Aver. & V. C. Nguyen"box="[136,575,374,401]"class="Liliopsida"family="Asparagaceae"genus="Aspidistra"kingdom="Plantae"order="Asparagales"pageId="6"pageNumber="45"phylum="Tracheophyta"rank="species"species="quanii"status="sp. nov.">
<figureCitationid="13161BB7FFE22C3EFF72FE5EFF23FE7A"box="[144,211,410,436]"captionStart="FIGURE 1"captionStartId="2.[136,229,1558,1580]"captionTargetBox="[358,1230,187,1531]"captionTargetId="figure-23@2.[358,1230,187,1531]"captionTargetPageId="2"captionText="FIGURE 1. Distribution map of Aspidistra erecta, A. globosa and A. quanii (the map is not aimed to show countries in their entire borders)."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13213474"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13213474/files/figure.png"pageId="6"pageNumber="45">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="13161BB7FFE22C3EFF15FE5EFEF6FE7A"box="[247,262,410,436]"captionStart="FIGURE 4"captionStartId="7.[136,229,1883,1905]"captionTargetBox="[238,1350,190,1859]"captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[238,1350,190,1859]"captionTargetPageId="7"captionText="FIGURE 4. Aspidistra quanii. A. Flowering plant under cultivation. B. Prop roots at base of aerial stem. C. Upper part of stem with flowers, side and front view. D. Flowering plant. E. Leaves, abaxial and adaxial side. F. Flowers, side, front view and view from below. G. Sagittal section of flower with intact pistil. H. Sagittal sections of perianth, showing stamens. I. Anthers. J. Peduncle with bracts and pistil, side view. K. Pistil, side view. L. Stigma, view from above. M. Stigma, view from below. N. Sagittal sections of peduncle and pistil. Photos by Nguyen Van Canh, made from the specimen used for the holotype preparation (Nguyen Van Canh, AL2461), correction and design by L. Averyanov and T. Maisak."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13213480"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13213480/files/figure.png"pageId="6"pageNumber="45">4</figureCitation>
<materialsCitationid="3B450D6FFFE22C3EFF5FFDB6FD60FC8E"collectingDate="2023-06-13"collectionCode="LE"country="Vietnam"elevation="1200"location="Hon Nga Mountain"municipality="Lam Ha District"pageId="6"pageNumber="45"specimenCode="LE01253756"specimenCount="1"stateProvince="Lam Dong Province"typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingMunicipalityid="6BF69D48FFE22C3EFD47FDB7FC91FD42"box="[677,865,626,653]"pageId="6"pageNumber="45">Lam Ha District</collectingMunicipality>
,
<locationid="8EF251E9FFE22C3EFC8CFDB7FBBEFD42"LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0384B624FFE22C30FF6AFEB2FDC1FC8E:8EF251E9FFE22C3EFC8CFDB7FBBEFD42"box="[878,1102,626,653]"country="Vietnam"municipality="Lam Ha District"name="Hon Nga Mountain"pageId="6"pageNumber="45"stateProvince="Lam Dong Province">Hon Nga Mountain</location>
, evergreen broad-leaved forest at elevation of about
, rare. Herbarium and photos prepared from these plants cultivated in Buon Ma Thuot Town (Dak Lak Province) by Nguyen Van Canh, flowers globular, dark violet to almost black,
https://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=210950, analytical photos of living plants used for the preparation of the type specimen LE LE01124735 https://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=208243).
erect, stout, (1.5)2–2.5(3) cm tall (or longer?), (4)4.5–5(5.5) mm in diameter, with numerous cataphylls and (2)3–4(5) individually arranged (not tufted) foliage leaves, supported by (2)3–4 densely adpressed prop roots.
distinctly petiolate; petiole suberect, (1.5)2–3(3.5) cm long, (1.8)1–1.5(1.8) mm in diameter, adaxially canaliculate, at the base slightly swollen; leaf blade arcuate, leathery, narrowly ovate, (7)8–11(12) cm long, (1.8)2–3(3.5) cm wide, acute to shortly acuminate, at base cuneate to unequally roundish, uniformly grassy green adaxially, light pale green abaxially, with prominent midvein and indistinct secondary veins more or less parallel to midvein.
mostly consisting of a tube, with 6 very small lobes at top, spherical to broadly ellipsoid, (1.2)1.3(1.4) cm long and wide, uniformly dark purple violet to almost black outside and inside, smooth and somewhat glossy outside, finely papillose inside, apically with orifice
in diameter between lobes; lobes horizontal (pointing toward the orifice), with overlapping bases, broadly triangular, obtuse, (1.6)1.8–2(2.2) mm long, (1.8)2–2.2(2.4) mm wide.
in diameter, dark purple; stigma widely obconoid, (2.4)2.6–3.8(4) mm tall, (7.5)8–9(9.5) mm in diameter, dark purple except for upper surface, with 12 equal very prominent narrow longitudinal ridges, upper surface flat, star-shaped, papillose, dull yellowish flushed with purple, with thin upright, dark purple margin and three dark purple, prominent broad radial ridges.
—The species is currently known from a single location where it was observed as an occasional plant scattered in understory of a primary forest in an expected area of surely less than
. This area has no legal protection status and suffers from uncontrolled selective logging, which reduces the habitat quality. Following the formal criteria B1ab(iii) + 2ab(iii) of the
<bibRefCitationid="EFBC7AC3FFE22C3EFD1BF862FC62F80E"author="IUCN Standards & Petitions Committee"box="[761,914,1958,1984]"pageId="6"pageNumber="45"refId="ref7014"refString="IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee (2023) Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List categories and criteria. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. Available from: https: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf (accessed: 16 June 2023)."type="url"year="2023">IUCN (2023)</bibRefCitation>
, we preliminarily assign the conservation status of this species as Critically Endangered (CR).
belongs to a distinct group of species that is characterized by erect stem supported by prop roots and globular or obconoid chamber-like perianth with short or missing lobes and narrow orifice. This group is confined to
<taxonomicNameid="4C2D7CB1FFEC2C30FCADFF23FB3CFECF"authority="C. R. Lin & B. Pan"authorityName="C. R. Lin & B. Pan"box="[847,1228,230,257]"class="Liliopsida"family="Asparagaceae"genus="Aspidistra"kingdom="Plantae"order="Asparagales"pageId="8"pageNumber="47"phylum="Tracheophyta"rank="species"species="brachypetala">
<bibRefCitationid="EFBC7AC3FFEC2C30FB13FF23FF4EFEEB"author="Pan, B. & Yuan, Q. & Lin, C. - R."pageId="8"pageNumber="47"pagination="195 - 198"refId="ref7733"refString="Pan, B., Yuan, Q. & Lin, C. - R. (2020) Aspidistra brachypetala (Asparagaceae), a new species from Guangxi, China. Taiwania 65 (2): 195 - 198. https: // doi. org / 10.6165 / tai. 2020.65.195"type="journal article"year="2020">
<taxonomicNameid="4C2D7CB1FFEC2C30FEB6FECFFCB1FEEB"authority="Averyanov & Tillich (2014: 753"authorityName="Averyanov & Tillich"authorityYear="2014"box="[340,833,266,293]"class="Liliopsida"family="Asparagaceae"genus="Aspidistra"kingdom="Plantae"order="Asparagales"pageId="8"pageNumber="47"phylum="Tracheophyta"rank="species"species="khangii">
<bibRefCitationid="EFBC7AC3FFEC2C30FE2DFECEFCB1FEEB"author="Averyanov, L. V. & Tillich, H. - J."box="[463,833,266,293]"pageId="8"pageNumber="47"pagination="752 - 760"refId="ref5728"refString="Averyanov, L. V. & Tillich, H. - J. (2014) Aspidistra albopurpurea, A. khangii, A. lubae and A. stellata spp. nov. (Asparagaceae, Convallariaceae s. s.) from Indochina. Nordic Journal of Botany 32 (6): 752 - 760. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1756 - 1051.2013.00273. x"type="journal article"year="2014">Averyanov & Tillich (2014: 753</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitationid="EFBC7AC3FFEC2C30FCAFFECEFBABFEEA"author="Averyanov, L. V. & Nguyen, K. S. & Son, H. T. & Tillich, H. - J. & Maisak, T. V."box="[845,1115,266,292]"pageId="8"pageNumber="47"refId="ref6011"refString="Averyanov, L. V., Nguyen, K. S., Son, H. T., Tillich, H. - J. & Maisak, T. V. (2019 a) New taxa and taxonomic notes in Aspidistra (Convallariaceae s. s.) of Laos and Vietnam. Nordic Journal of Botany 37 (7): e 02352. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / njb. 02352"type="journal volume"year="2019">
<taxonomicNameid="4C2D7CB1FFEC2C30FB8DFECFFA5BFEEB"authority="Arnautov & Bogner"authorityName="Arnautov & Bogner"box="[1135,1451,266,293]"class="Liliopsida"family="Asparagaceae"genus="Aspidistra"kingdom="Plantae"order="Asparagales"pageId="8"pageNumber="47"phylum="Tracheophyta"rank="species"species="locii">
<bibRefCitationid="EFBC7AC3FFEC2C30FF44FEEBFDFDFE86"author="Bogner, J. & Arnautov, N."box="[166,525,302,329]"pageId="8"pageNumber="47"pagination="203 - 208"refId="ref6709"refString="Bogner, J. & Arnautov, N. (2004) Aspidistra locii (Convallariaceae), an unusual new species from Vietnam. Willdenowia 34 (1): 203 - 208. https: // doi. org / 10.3372 / wi. 34.34119"type="journal article"year="2004">Bogner & Arnautov (2004: 203</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitationid="EFBC7AC3FFEC2C30FDFAFEEAFCD1FE86"author="Averyanov, L. V. & Nguyen, K. S. & Son, H. T. & Tillich, H. - J. & Maisak, T. V."box="[536,801,302,328]"pageId="8"pageNumber="47"refId="ref6011"refString="Averyanov, L. V., Nguyen, K. S., Son, H. T., Tillich, H. - J. & Maisak, T. V. (2019 a) New taxa and taxonomic notes in Aspidistra (Convallariaceae s. s.) of Laos and Vietnam. Nordic Journal of Botany 37 (7): e 02352. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / njb. 02352"type="journal volume"year="2019">
<taxonomicNameid="4C2D7CB1FFEC2C30FC83FEEBFAF5FE86"authority="Vislobokov & Nuraliev"authorityName="Vislobokov & Nuraliev"box="[865,1285,302,329]"class="Liliopsida"family="Asparagaceae"genus="Aspidistra"kingdom="Plantae"order="Asparagales"pageId="8"pageNumber="47"phylum="Tracheophyta"rank="species"species="micrantha">
<bibRefCitationid="EFBC7AC3FFEC2C30FAC8FEEAFE92FEA2"author="Vislobokov, N. A. & Nuraliev, M. S. & Kuznetsov, A. N. & Kuznetsova, S. P."pageId="8"pageNumber="47"pagination="289 - 294"refId="ref8448"refString="Vislobokov, N. A., Nuraliev, M. S., Kuznetsov, A. N. & Kuznetsova, S. P. (2019 c) Aspidistra micrantha (Asparagaceae, Nolinoideae), a new species from Vietnam with unusually small flowers. Phytotaxa 422 (3): 289 - 294. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 422.3.8"type="journal article"year="2019">
<taxonomicNameid="4C2D7CB1FFEC2C30FE19FE97FBE3FEA2"authority="D. Dien, T. A. Le & Vislobokov"authorityName="D. Dien, T. A. Le & Vislobokov"authorityYear="2023"box="[507,1043,338,365]"class="Liliopsida"family="Asparagaceae"genus="Aspidistra"kingdom="Plantae"order="Asparagales"pageId="8"pageNumber="47"phylum="Tracheophyta"rank="species"species="phongdiensis">
<bibRefCitationid="EFBC7AC3FFEC2C30FBD9FE96FAB4FEA3"author="Chinh, V. T. & Dinh, D. & Le, T. A. & Doan, Q. T. & Le, N. T. & Le, V. H. & Tran, N. T. & Vislobokov, N. A."box="[1083,1348,338,365]"pageId="8"pageNumber="47"pagination="64 - 70"refId="ref6791"refString="Chinh, V. T., Dinh, D., Le, T. A., Doan, Q. T., Le, N. T., Le, V. H., Tran, N. T. & Vislobokov, N. A. (2023) Aspidistra phongdiensis (Asparagaceae), a new species from Central Vietnam. Phytotaxa 591 (1): 64 - 70. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 591.1.6"type="journal article"year="2023">
possibly belongs here, because the available images of this species suggest presence of a very short vertical stem that bears flowers (although the description provided in the protologue states that the vegetative shoot is represented only by an epigeous creeping rhizome). Among them,
<collectingRegionid="49E9C9D0FFEC2C30FF06FE26FE59FE32"box="[228,425,482,508]"country="Vietnam"name="Gia Lai"pageId="8"pageNumber="47">Gia Lai Province</collectingRegion>
) in diameter, with 12 equally prominent longitudinal ridges (vs. 6 prominent longitudinal ridges alternating with 6 somewhat less prominent ridges), and smooth (vs. tuberculate or verruculose) fruit surface. The most important differences of the new species from the rest of the species group outlined above include the horizontal perianth lobes, stamens inserted near the base of perianth tube and obconoid stigma.
