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<document id="74B911FCC3406602E63DAD70999750AE" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.336.3.3" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13720188" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1725658609491" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Devecchi, Marcelo F., Thomas, William W. &amp; Pirani, José R." docDate="2018" docId="855987EDFFE1FFA7FF632BDEA36104A4" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.336.3.3.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 336 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.336.3.3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Homalolepis pumila Devecchi &amp; Pirani 2018, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="261" masterDocId="7960FF95FFE4FFAEFFEB2A3CA1560535" masterDocTitle="Two new dwarf species of Homalolepis (Simaroubaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado (Neotropical savanna)" masterLastPageNumber="262" masterPageNumber="252" pageNumber="257" updateTime="1725670162883" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="CEDBBB15EE7B29EEF638BA2AEB53BFE1" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="076D460FE0238546D2FFACFA2C90FB42">Two new dwarf species of Homalolepis (Simaroubaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado (Neotropical savanna)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="4D86112E99FB915EF6D4F136D6783E43" type="personal">
<mods:role id="28FBB6FAE8954B85BE7361800F3E98CE">
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<mods:namePart id="97509CC5FD723DBABAD8FF9D4BA5F6AB">Devecchi, Marcelo F.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8A95E730C82B8C8F4117AD07A0B09DB7">Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Edifício do Herbário SPF, Rua do Matão 277, 05508 - 900, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D77065E275563A185D624F71AA79C57C">Thomas, William W.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="9F71DD36E30E2834A1098477BD36C3EF">Institute of Systematic Botany, The New York Botanical Garden, 2900 Southern Boulevard, Bronx, NY, 10458 - 5126 U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="22F0CE14E47BC308541600E1608F6062">Pirani, José R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="7D332450EB3EFFC6826FC6279F755CF6">Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Edifício do Herbário SPF, Rua do Matão 277, 05508 - 900, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="76DC3A32125014AADF7E9DE1B2C66D32">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="AC7D33B97A3103621ABC52C839624098">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6D420DE9C5ADE869137B346D18B995CA">2018-02-02</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="94BE77569B98AB9AB9A1CA0C7A2AF54F">336</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="AC957C2F3D69F960C5ED130C2659DE5B">3</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="18E07C19BE26ED6C3658D05792ED0DED">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.336.3.3</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="46B26A155F61D67FE0BF284B00F62817" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="855987EDFFE1FFA7FF632BDEA36104A4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13720396" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13720396" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:855987EDFFE1FFA7FF632BDEA36104A4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/855987EDFFE1FFA7FF632BDEA36104A4" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="261" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">
<subSubSection id="45EA6570FFE1FFABFF632BDEA2B404C8" box="[136,994,482,509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="0D4F36FBFFE1FFABFF632BDEA2B404C8" blockId="5.[136,994,482,509]" box="[136,994,482,509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">
<heading id="56078197FFE1FFABFF632BDEA2B404C8" box="[136,994,482,509]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFE1FFABFF632BDEA31B04C8" ID-CoL="3MD9W" authority="Devecchi &amp; Pirani" authorityName="Devecchi &amp; Pirani" authorityYear="2018" box="[136,589,482,509]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Homalolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pumila" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE1FFABFF632BDEA02404C8" bold="true" box="[136,370,482,509]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">Homalolepis pumila</emphasis>
Devecchi &amp; Pirani
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE1FFABFDB32BD8A3FB04C8" box="[600,685,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="24B75792FFE1FFABFDB32BD8A3FB04C8" box="[600,685,484,509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
<figureCitation id="95CB2A7EFFE1FFABFD582BD8A20204C8" box="[691,852,484,509]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[136,229,1973,1994]" captionTargetBox="[212,1380,227,1934]" captionTargetId="figure-14@6.[195,1392,209,1948]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Homalolepis pumila. A. Habit, the inflorescence at ground level. B. Individual bearing only flowers, before leaf sprouting. C. Flower. D. Stamen bearing a laminar appendage. E. Distal portion of the style showing the stigma lobed. F. Two fruits, one with four drupelets, the other with only one (A–H. Devecchi &amp; Alves 323)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13720196" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13720196/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">Figures 3 A–F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="95CB2A7EFFE1FFABFCB42BD8A2FF04C8" box="[863,937,484,509]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[136,229,1973,1994]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,209,1948]" captionTargetId="figure-13@7.[203,1385,209,1948]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Homalolepis pumilaA. Habit. B. Flowers at anthesis. C. Habit, showing the underground system and inflorescence at ground level. D. Underground system with sprouting lateral inflorescences. E. An individual bearing only flowers, lateral view. F. View from above of the plant shown in E. G. Habitat of the new species: open cerrado physiognomy." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13720198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13720198/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">4 A–G</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="95CB2A7EFFE1FFABFC272BD8A28A04C8" box="[972,988,484,509]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[136,229,1124,1145]" captionTargetBox="[170,1389,221,1055]" captionTargetId="figure-14@8.[151,1436,190,1099]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Map showing the distribution of the two new species and their closely related species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13720200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13720200/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">5</figureCitation>
.
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="45EA6570FFE1FFABFF632836A24402A8" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="0D4F36FBFFE1FFABFF632836A2720776" blockId="5.[136,1453,522,579]" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">
<materialsCitation id="BD983CA6FFE1FFABFF632836A2760776" collectingDate="2014-09-08" collectionCode="M, F, G, SPF, NY, RB" collectorName="Parque Nacional das Emas" country="Brazil" elevation="788" latitude="-18.265638" location="Chapadao do Ceu" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-52.890083" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Goias" typeStatus="holotype">
Type:—
<collectingCountry id="75E7766BFFE1FFABFF3D2836A066072A" box="[214,304,522,543]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="CF34F819FFE1FFABFED02836A021072A" box="[315,375,522,543]" country="Brazil" name="Goias" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">Goiás</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="082F6020FFE1FFABFE692836A365072A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:855987EDFFE1FFA7FF632BDEA36104A4:082F6020FFE1FFABFE692836A365072A" box="[386,563,522,543]" country="Brazil" latitude="-18.265638" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-52.890083" name="Chapadao do Ceu" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" stateProvince="Goias">Chapadão do Céu</location>
,
<collectorName id="A005532DFFE1FFABFDD52836A211072A" box="[574,839,522,543]" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">Parque Nacional das Emas</collectorName>
,
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<geoCoordinate id="68C4503CFFE1FFABFC372836A531072A" box="[988,1127,522,543]" degrees="52" direction="west" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" precision="1" seconds="24.3" value="-52.890083">52º53’24.3”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE1FFABFB982836A5E2072A" box="[1139,1204,522,543]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.88" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" unit="m" value="788.0">
<elevation id="86DDD1C8FFE1FFABFB982836A5E2072A" box="[1139,1204,522,543]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.88" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" unit="m" value="788.0">788 m</elevation>
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,
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<collectingDate id="690AE9D3FFE1FFABFB542836A422072A" box="[1215,1396,522,543]" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" value="2014-09-08">8 September 2014</collectingDate>
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,
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE1FFABFA6B2836A0E60776" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">
<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE1FFABFA6B2836A4C0072A" box="[1408,1430,522,543]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE1FFABFA722836A4FF072A" box="[1433,1449,522,543]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
. Devecchi &amp;
<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE1FFABFEDE2812A01F0776" box="[309,329,558,579]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
. Alves 323
</emphasis>
(
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:
<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE1FFABFDF42812A3180776" box="[543,590,558,579]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15730" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15730" name="Universidade de São Paulo" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" type="Herbarium">SPF</collectionCode>
!;
<typeStatus id="D24B8859FFE1FFABFDB72812A3F80776" box="[604,686,558,579]" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" type="isotype">isotypes</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE1FFABFD5C2812A3B60776" box="[695,736,558,579]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15556" name="William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" type="Herbarium">NY</collectionCode>
!,
<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE1FFABFD052812A2430776" box="[750,789,558,579]" country="Brazil" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15528" name="Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" type="Herbarium">RB</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0D4F36FBFFE1FFABFF632848A42B0628" blockId="5.[136,1452,628,2021]" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">
Closely related to
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFE1FFABFE8C2848A31A07B8" authorityName="Engler" authorityYear="1874" box="[359,588,628,653]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Simaba" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="suffruticosa">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE1FFABFE8C2848A31A07B8" box="[359,588,628,653]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">Simaba suffruticosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, because of their small habit (reduced subshrubs with a well-developed underground system) and general appearance, but differing from the latter by having only 5–7 leaflets (vs. 9–11(–13)), the presence (vs. absence) of laminar glands scattered near the base of the abaxial leaflet surface, the petals 5.5–6.1 ×
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE1FFABFF4B28DCA07E07CC" box="[160,296,736,761]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" unit="mm" value="1.6" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.4">1.4–1.8 mm</quantity>
(vs. 7.9–9.1 ×
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE1FFABFE3D28DCA33407CC" box="[470,610,736,761]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3499999999999996" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" unit="mm" value="2.3499999999999996" valueMax="2.8" valueMin="1.9">1.9–2.8 mm</quantity>
), and the staminal appendage being adnate to the filament along its whole extension, except for two tooth-like projections (vs. appendage with a free distal portion bearing an obtuse apex).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0D4F36FBFFE1FFABFF562914A37403DC" blockId="5.[136,1452,628,2021]" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">
Subshrubs,
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE1FFABFED42914A0EA0674" box="[319,444,808,833]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" unit="m" value="0.125" valueMax="0.15" valueMin="0.1">0.1–0.15 m</quantity>
tall, geoxylic (with a ramified, thickened underground system and a very short aerial stem). Leaves imparipinnate, clustered at the stem apex; petiole semi-terete,
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE1FFABFC5B2970A5660650" box="[944,1072,844,869]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" unit="cm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.1" valueMin="1.4">1.4–2.1 cm</quantity>
long, pubescent along the entire surface, swollen at base; rachis semi-terete,
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE1FFABFD94294CA3A806BC" box="[639,766,880,905]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" unit="cm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.2" valueMin="2.8">2.8–5.2 cm</quantity>
long, smooth, pubescent along the entire surface; petiolules sessile or less than
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE1FFABFEB529A8A0C90698" box="[350,415,916,941]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long, swollen, slightly wrinkled and pubescent; leaflets 5–7, opposite or subopposite; blades of the terminal and lateral-distal leaflets 5.7–7.6 ×
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE1FFABFD542984A26906E4" box="[703,831,952,977]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" unit="cm" value="2.65" valueMax="2.9" valueMin="2.4">2.4–2.9 cm</quantity>
, the terminal leaflet oblanceolate to obovate, the lateral ones obovate to oblong-obovate or oblanceolate, the apex acute to obtuse, the base attenuate in the terminal leaflet and cuneate in the lateral ones, margin not revolute; leaflet venation brochidodromous, midvein prominent on the abaxial surface, slightly to sharply sulcate on the adaxial surface, secondary veins slightly prominent on the abaxial surface and slightly sulcate to immersed on adaxial surface; laminar glands present on the basal third portion of the lamina, scattered among the secondary veins arches on abaxial surface; leaflet blade with an apical gland generally present at the apex, not conspicuously developed, chartaceous, discolorous, the adaxial surface dark green and shiny, the abaxial surface pale green and dull, sparsely pubescent on both surface, the trichomes mainly restricted to the midvein, glandular trichomes if present scattered along the midvein region on adaxial surface. Inflorescence a congested, terminal or lateral thyrsoid, the main axis
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE1FFABFCEC2EC0A20B0020" box="[775,861,1276,1301]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" unit="cm" value="4.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="3.0">3–6 cm</quantity>
long, the proximal secondary branches
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE1FFABFAC72EC0A4FD0020" box="[1324,1451,1276,1301]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" unit="cm" value="2.25" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="1.4">1.4–3.1 cm</quantity>
long, the distal branches gradually shorter towards the apex, pubescent, glandular trichomes absent; bracts 1.9–2.5 ×
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE1FFABFF632F78A0440068" box="[136,274,1348,1373]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.7 mm</quantity>
, spathulate to linear, green, puberulent, tip slight swollen, generally with a gland on the tip. Floral buds obovoid to oblong-obovoid. Flowers: pedicel
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE1FFABFD7B2F54A24E00B4" box="[656,792,1384,1409]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.35" metricValueMax="4.8" metricValueMin="3.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" unit="mm" value="4.35" valueMax="4.8" valueMin="3.9">3.9–4.8 mm</quantity>
long, pubescent, glandular trichomes absent; calyx green, externally pubescent, internally glabrous, length ratio between tube and lobes 1:5; sepals 5, apex acuminate; petals 5, slightly imbricate, 5.5–6.1 ×
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE1FFABFE182F8CA32800FC" box="[499,638,1456,1481]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" unit="mm" value="1.6" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.4">1.4–1.8 mm</quantity>
, oblong, apex acute, cream to greenish turning yellowish, pubescent to puberulent on both surfaces, apex acute; stamens10; filaments
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE1FFABFCBC2FE8A2B600D8" box="[855,992,1492,1517]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="3.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" unit="mm" value="3.75" valueMax="3.9" valueMin="3.6">3.6–3.9 mm</quantity>
long, terete, glabrous, provided with an adaxial appendage
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE1FFABFE8B2FC4A0B10324" box="[352,487,1528,1553]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" unit="mm" value="2.75" valueMax="2.9" valueMin="2.6">2.6–2.9 mm</quantity>
long, adnate to the filament along its whole extension except for two distal tooth-like projections, abaxially glabrous, adaxially sericeous, the appendages united by the intertwining of the trichomes but not forming a pseudotube, slightly reflexed, obscuring the ovary; anthers dorsifixed,
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE1FFABFBCC2C7CA5F9036C" box="[1063,1199,1600,1625]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" unit="mm" value="0.8" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.7">0.7–0.9 mm</quantity>
long, white to cream; gynophore subterete to conical, slightly 10–costate, ca.
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE1FFABFD1C2C58A21B0348" box="[759,845,1636,1661]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
long, pubescent to sericeous; ovary
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE1FFABFB0E2C58A43A0348" box="[1253,1388,1636,1661]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" unit="mm" value="1.05" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="0.9">0.9–1.2 mm</quantity>
long, sericeous; style subterete tapering towards the apex,
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE1FFABFD0C2CB4A2260394" box="[743,880,1672,1697]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.8 mm</quantity>
long, bristly near the base; stigma slightly lobed. Fruits composed of 1–4 drupaceous mericarps (drupelets), when immature 0.9–1.3 ×
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE1FFABFBBC2C90A58F03F0" box="[1111,1241,1708,1733]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" unit="cm" value="1.0" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="0.7">0.7–1.3 cm</quantity>
, broadly ellipsoid, green, pubescent, with a single seed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0D4F36FBFFE1FFABFF562CC8A24402A8" blockId="5.[136,1452,628,2021]" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">
<materialsCitation id="BD983CA6FFE1FFABFF562CC8A2050204" collectingDate="1999-08-05" collectionCode="M, A, SP" collectorName="Parque Nacional das Emas" country="Brazil" latitude="-17.816668" location="Chapadao do Ceu" longLatPrecision="1277" longitude="-52.65" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Goias">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE1FFABFF562CC8A3BF0238" bold="true" box="[189,745,1780,1805]" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">
<typeStatus id="D24B8859FFE1FFABFF562CC8A3630238" box="[189,565,1780,1805]" isOtherTypeStatus="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">Additional specimens examined</typeStatus>
(
<typeStatus id="D24B8859FFE1FFABFDA82CC8A3E90238" box="[579,703,1780,1805]" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
):—
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="75E7766BFFE1FFABFD022CC8A2040238" box="[745,850,1780,1805]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="CF34F819FFE1FFABFCB02CC8A2F70238" box="[859,929,1780,1805]" country="Brazil" name="Goias" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">Goiás</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="082F6020FFE1FFABFC412CC8A5240238" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:855987EDFFE1FFA7FF632BDEA36104A4:082F6020FFE1FFABFC412CC8A5240238" box="[938,1138,1780,1805]" country="Brazil" latitude="-17.816668" longLatPrecision="1277" longitude="-52.65" name="Chapadao do Ceu" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" stateProvince="Goias">Chapadão do Céu</location>
,
<collectorName id="A005532DFFE1FFABFB972CC8A4F10238" box="[1148,1447,1780,1805]" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">Parque Nacional das Emas</collectorName>
,
<geoCoordinate id="68C4503CFFE1FFABFF632D24A1B40204" box="[136,226,1816,1841]" degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" precision="925" value="-17.816668">17º49’S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="68C4503CFFE1FFABFF012D24A0180204" box="[234,334,1816,1841]" degrees="52" direction="west" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" precision="925" value="-52.65">52º39’W</geoCoordinate>
, fl.,
<date id="794E103BFFE1FFABFE692D24A37C0204" box="[386,554,1816,1841]" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" value="1999-08-05">
<collectingDate id="690AE9D3FFE1FFABFE692D24A37C0204" box="[386,554,1816,1841]" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" value="1999-08-05">5 August 1999</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE1FFABFDDD2D24A25B0204" box="[566,781,1816,1841]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">
<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE1FFABFDDD2D24A3040204" box="[566,594,1816,1841]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE1FFABFDBE2D24A33E0204" box="[597,616,1816,1841]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
. Batalha 3730
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE1FFABFCF52D24A2130204" box="[798,837,1816,1841]" country="Brazil" name="Instituto de Botânica" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" type="Herbarium">SP</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="BD983CA6FFE1FFABFC8B2D24A03A0260" collectingDate="1999-10-06" collectionCode="M, A, SP" country="Brazil" latitude="-18.466667" longLatPrecision="1275" longitude="-53.316666" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" specimenCount="1">
ibidem,
<geoCoordinate id="68C4503CFFE1FFABFC572D24A5400204" box="[956,1046,1816,1841]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="28" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" precision="925" value="-18.466667">18º28’S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="68C4503CFFE1FFABFBF52D24A5D40204" box="[1054,1154,1816,1841]" degrees="53" direction="west" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" precision="925" value="-53.316666">53º19’W</geoCoordinate>
, fr.,
<date id="794E103BFFE1FFABFB5D2D24A43F0204" box="[1206,1385,1816,1841]" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" value="1999-10-06">
<collectingDate id="690AE9D3FFE1FFABFB5D2D24A43F0204" box="[1206,1385,1816,1841]" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" value="1999-10-06">6 October 1999</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE1FFABFA9E2D24A0750260" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">
<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE1FFABFA9E2D24A4C70204" box="[1397,1425,1816,1841]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE1FFABFA7F2D24A4F10204" box="[1428,1447,1816,1841]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
. Batalha 3939
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE1FFABFEDC2D00A0080260" box="[311,350,1852,1877]" country="Brazil" name="Instituto de Botânica" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" type="Herbarium">SP</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="BD983CA6FFE1FFABFE902D00A4F10260" box="[379,1447,1852,1877]" collectingDate="1999-09-07" collectionCode="M, A, SPF" collectorName="Parque Nacional das Emas" country="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" specimenCount="1">
Mineiros,
<collectorName id="A005532DFFE1FFABFE192D00A27D0260" box="[498,811,1852,1877]" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">Parque Nacional das Emas</collectorName>
, fl., fr.,
<date id="794E103BFFE1FFABFC662D00A5350260" box="[909,1123,1852,1877]" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" value="1999-09-07">
<collectingDate id="690AE9D3FFE1FFABFC662D00A5350260" box="[909,1123,1852,1877]" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" value="1999-09-07">7 September 1999</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE1FFABFB992D00A4180260" box="[1138,1358,1852,1877]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">
<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE1FFABFB992D00A5D80260" box="[1138,1166,1852,1877]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE1FFABFB792D00A5F30260" box="[1170,1189,1852,1877]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
. Batalha 3810
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE1FFABFA892D00A4CC0260" box="[1378,1434,1852,1877]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15730" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15730" name="Universidade de São Paulo" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" type="Herbarium">SPF</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="BD983CA6FFE1FFABFF632D5CA260024C" box="[136,822,1888,1913]" collectingDate="1999-09-10" collectionCode="M, A, SPF" country="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" specimenCount="1">
ibidem, fl., fr.,
<date id="794E103BFFE1FFABFEC72D5CA351024C" box="[300,519,1888,1913]" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" value="1999-09-10">
<collectingDate id="690AE9D3FFE1FFABFEC72D5CA351024C" box="[300,519,1888,1913]" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" value="1999-09-10">10 September 1999</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE1FFABFDFB2D5CA3B5024C" box="[528,739,1888,1913]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">
<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE1FFABFDFB2D5CA37A024C" box="[528,556,1888,1913]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE1FFABFDDB2D5CA315024C" box="[560,579,1888,1913]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
. Batalha 3883
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE1FFABFD1A2D5CA27F024C" box="[753,809,1888,1913]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15730" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15730" name="Universidade de São Paulo" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" type="Herbarium">SPF</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="BD983CA6FFE1FFABFCAA2D5CA25802A8" collectingDate="2017-07-27" collectionCode="M, F, SPF" country="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" specimenCount="1">
ibidem, estrada distante ca.
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE1FFABFB982D5CA596024C" box="[1139,1216,1888,1913]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" unit="km" value="2.3">2.3 km</quantity>
a esquerda do Portão Jacuba, fl.,
<date id="794E103BFFE1FFABFEE32DB8A0CA02A8" box="[264,412,1924,1949]" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" value="2017-07-27">
<collectingDate id="690AE9D3FFE1FFABFEE32DB8A0CA02A8" box="[264,412,1924,1949]" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" value="2017-07-27">27 July 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE1FFABFE4C2DB8A3EF02A8" box="[423,697,1924,1949]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">
<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE1FFABFE4C2DB8A09702A8" box="[423,449,1924,1949]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE1FFABFE2F2DB8A08002A8" box="[452,470,1924,1949]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
. Devecchi et al. 467
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE1FFABFD222DB8A25702A8" box="[713,769,1924,1949]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15730" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15730" name="Universidade de São Paulo" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" type="Herbarium">SPF</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="45EA6570FFE1FFABFF562D94A03B02D0" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="0D4F36FBFFE1FFABFF562D94A03B02D0" blockId="5.[136,1452,628,2021]" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE1FFABFF562D94A03202F4" bold="true" box="[189,356,1960,1985]" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">Etymology:—</emphasis>
The epithet
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFE1FFABFE022D94A36102F4" authorityName="Devecchi &amp; Pirani" authorityYear="2018" box="[489,567,1960,1985]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Homalolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="5" pageNumber="257" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pumila">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE1FFABFE022D94A36102F4" box="[489,567,1960,1985]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">pumila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
derives from the Latin word
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE1FFABFC972D94A28A02F4" box="[892,988,1960,1985]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">pumilus,</emphasis>
meaning dwarf, and refers to the reduced habit of this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="598F6673FFE2FFA8FF632D89A3A10D27" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13720196" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13720196" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13720196/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" startId="6.[136,229,1973,1994]" targetBox="[212,1380,227,1934]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="0D4F36FBFFE2FFA8FF632D89A3A10D27" blockId="6.[136,1453,1973,2066]" pageId="6" pageNumber="258">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE2FFA8FF632D89A1AE02FF" bold="true" box="[136,248,1973,1994]" pageId="6" pageNumber="258">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE2FFA8FEEE2D89A08702FF" box="[261,465,1973,1994]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="258">
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFE2FFA8FEEE2D89A09B02FF" authorityName="Devecchi &amp; Pirani" authorityYear="2018" box="[261,461,1973,1994]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Homalolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="6" pageNumber="258" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pumila">Homalolepis pumila</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
A. Habit, the inflorescence at ground level. B. Individual bearing only flowers, before leaf sprouting. C. Flower. D. Stamen bearing a laminar appendage. E. Distal portion of the style showing the stigma lobed. F. Two fruits, one with four drupelets, the other with only one (A–H.
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE2FFA8FDF82DC1A3BF0D27" box="[531,745,2045,2066]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="258">Devecchi &amp; Alves 323</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="598F6673FFE3FFA9FF632D89A2B30D27" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13720198" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13720198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13720198/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="259" startId="7.[136,229,1973,1994]" targetBox="[203,1385,209,1948]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="0D4F36FBFFE3FFA9FF632D89A2B30D27" blockId="7.[136,1452,1973,2066]" pageId="7" pageNumber="259">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE3FFA9FF632D89A1A102FF" bold="true" box="[136,247,1973,1994]" pageId="7" pageNumber="259">FIGURE 4</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFE3FFA9FEE92D89A3C602FF" authority="A. Habit. B. Flowers" box="[258,656,1973,1994]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Homalolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="7" pageNumber="259" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pumila">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE3FFA9FEE92D89A09002FF" box="[258,454,1973,1994]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="259">Homalolepis pumila</emphasis>
A. Habit. B. Flowers
</taxonomicName>
at anthesis. C. Habit, showing the underground system and inflorescence at ground level. D. Underground system with sprouting lateral inflorescences. E. An individual bearing only flowers, lateral view. F. View from above of the plant shown in E. G. Habitat of the new species: open cerrado physiognomy.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="598F6673FFECFFA6FF632E58A56B014C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13720200" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13720200" box="[136,1085,1124,1145]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13720200/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="260" startId="8.[136,229,1124,1145]" targetBox="[170,1389,221,1055]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="0D4F36FBFFECFFA6FF632E58A56B014C" blockId="8.[136,1085,1124,1145]" box="[136,1085,1124,1145]" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFECFFA6FF632E58A1A1014C" bold="true" box="[136,247,1124,1145]" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">FIGURE 5</emphasis>
. Map showing the distribution of the two new species and their closely related species.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="45EA6570FFECFFA7FF562E95A36104A4" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="261" pageId="8" pageNumber="260" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="0D4F36FBFFECFFA6FF562E95A518038F" blockId="8.[136,1452,1193,2082]" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFECFFA6FF562E95A35A01F7" bold="true" box="[189,524,1193,1218]" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">Distribution and ecology:—</emphasis>
The only three populations known of
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFECFFA6FC562E95A5F501F7" box="[957,1187,1193,1218]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Homalolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="8" pageNumber="260" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pumila">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFECFFA6FC562E95A5F501F7" box="[957,1187,1193,1218]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">Homalolepis pumila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lie within the limits of the Emas National Park, between the municipalities of Chapadão do Céu and Mineiros, in the southwestern region of the
<collectingRegion id="CF34F819FFECFFA6FF3A2ECDA003003F" box="[209,341,1265,1290]" country="Brazil" name="Goias" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">Goiás State</collectingRegion>
, Central
<collectingCountry id="75E7766BFFECFFA6FE502ECDA0A9003F" box="[443,511,1265,1290]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="95CB2A7EFFECFFA6FDE42ECDA302003F" box="[527,596,1265,1290]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[136,229,1124,1145]" captionTargetBox="[170,1389,221,1055]" captionTargetId="figure-14@8.[151,1436,190,1099]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Map showing the distribution of the two new species and their closely related species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13720200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13720200/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). It is one of the largest reserves of the Cerrado vegetation
<typeStatus id="D24B8859FFECFFA6FB182ECDA475003F" box="[1267,1315,1265,1290]" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">type</typeStatus>
(
<bibRefCitation id="69614B0AFFECFFA6FAD92ECDA1BF001B" author="Fonseca, G. A. B. &amp; Mittermeier, R. A. &amp; Cavalcanti, R. B. &amp; Mittermeier, C. G." pageId="8" pageNumber="260" pagination="148 - 159" refId="ref6071" refString="Fonseca, G. A. B., Mittermeier, R. A., Cavalcanti, R. B. &amp; Mittermeier, C. G. (2000) Brazilian Cerrado. In: Mittermeier, R. A., Myers, N. Gil, P. R. &amp; Mittermeier, C. G. (Eds.) Hotspots, Earth' s biologically richest and most endangered terrestrial ecoregions. Conservation International, Chicago, pp. 148 - 159." type="book chapter" year="2000">
Fonseca
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFECFFA6FA7C2ECDA1F3001B" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">et al.</emphasis>
2000
</bibRefCitation>
), being nested within the Cerrado core region at Brazilian Central Plateau. The prevailing soils in the Emas National Park are basaltic but several rock outcrops occur with high content of Fe
<subScript id="917434BEFFECFFA6FBC32F76A566006D" attach="both" box="[1064,1072,1354,1368]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">2</subScript>
O
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(
<bibRefCitation id="69614B0AFFECFFA6FBB02F05A43A0067" author="RADAMBRASIL &amp; Folhas SD" box="[1115,1388,1337,1362]" pageId="8" pageNumber="260" refId="ref6668" refString="RADAMBRASIL (1983) Vegetacao. In: Folhas SD 22. Goiania. Geologia, geomorfologia, pedologia, vegetacao e uso potencial da terra. Levantamento de recursos vegetais. Ministerio de Minas e Energia. Vol. 30. Rio de Janeiro, 855 pp." type="book" year="1983">RADAMBRASIL 1983</bibRefCitation>
). The new species is restricted to the physiognomy of
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFECFFA6FD492F61A27F0043" box="[674,809,1373,1398]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">campo sujo,</emphasis>
which is an open, mostly herbaceous to shrubby savanna of wide occurrence throughout the Brazilian cerrado.
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFECFFA6FD1A2FBDA28E00AF" box="[753,984,1409,1434]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Homalolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="8" pageNumber="260" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pumila">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFECFFA6FD1A2FBDA28E00AF" box="[753,984,1409,1434]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">Homalolepis pumila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a small subshrub with geoxylic habit. This dwarf life-form is likely to enable the cerrado species to cope with drought and fire disturbance (e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="69614B0AFFECFFA6FAB02F99A01A00D7" author="Rizzini, C. T. &amp; Heringer, E. P." pageId="8" pageNumber="260" pagination="105 - 124" refId="ref6837" refString="Rizzini, C. T. &amp; Heringer, E. P. (1961) Underground organs of plants from some southern Brazilian savannas, with special reference to the xylopodium. Phyton 17: 105 - 124." type="journal article" year="1961">Rizzini &amp; Heringer 1961</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="69614B0AFFECFFA6FEB22FF5A37100D7" author="Simon, M. F. &amp; Grether, R. &amp; Queiroz, L. P. &amp; Skema, C. &amp; Pennington, R. T. &amp; Hughes, C. E." box="[345,551,1481,1506]" pageId="8" pageNumber="260" pagination="20359 - 20364" refId="ref6912" refString="Simon, M. F., Grether, R., Queiroz, L. P., Skema, C., Pennington, R. T. &amp; Hughes, C. E. (2009) Recent assembly of the Cerrado, a Neotropical plant diversity hotspot, by in situ evolution of adaptations to fire. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106: 20359 - 20364. https: // doi. org / 10.1073 / pnas. 0903410106" type="journal article" year="2009">
Simon
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFECFFA6FE422FF5A08D00D7" box="[425,475,1481,1506]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">et al</emphasis>
. 2009
</bibRefCitation>
). As is the case in some other dwarf species of
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFECFFA6FBD42FF5A58300D7" box="[1087,1237,1481,1506]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFECFFA6FBD42FF5A58700D7" authorityName="Turczaninow" authorityYear="1848" box="[1087,1233,1481,1506]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Homalolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="8" pageNumber="260" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Homalolepis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
along with several other subshrubs in the Cerrado, the new species shed all or most of its leaves during the dry season, and the flowering starts before the new leaves are borne (
<figureCitation id="95CB2A7EFFECFFA6FDA12C2DA39D031F" box="[586,715,1553,1578]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[136,229,1973,1994]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,209,1948]" captionTargetId="figure-13@7.[203,1385,209,1948]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Homalolepis pumilaA. Habit. B. Flowers at anthesis. C. Habit, showing the underground system and inflorescence at ground level. D. Underground system with sprouting lateral inflorescences. E. An individual bearing only flowers, lateral view. F. View from above of the plant shown in E. G. Habitat of the new species: open cerrado physiognomy." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13720198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13720198/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">Fig. 4 E, F</figureCitation>
). The development of axillary inflorescences, a very uncommon character in
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFECFFA6FEFE2C09A0F2037B" authorityName="Turczaninow" authorityYear="1848" box="[277,420,1589,1614]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Homalolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="8" pageNumber="260" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFECFFA6FEFE2C09A0F2037B" box="[277,420,1589,1614]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">Homalolepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, was observed in several individuals of the new species. Additionally, the formation of the peduncle and axillary flowering branches may take place partially below ground level. While growing, these axillary inflorescences are very condensed and devoid of green pigment (
<figureCitation id="95CB2A7EFFECFFA6FCB22C41A2EF03A3" box="[857,953,1661,1686]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[136,229,1973,1994]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,209,1948]" captionTargetId="figure-13@7.[203,1385,209,1948]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Homalolepis pumilaA. Habit. B. Flowers at anthesis. C. Habit, showing the underground system and inflorescence at ground level. D. Underground system with sprouting lateral inflorescences. E. An individual bearing only flowers, lateral view. F. View from above of the plant shown in E. G. Habitat of the new species: open cerrado physiognomy." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13720198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13720198/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">Fig. 4 D</figureCitation>
). The flowers open very near to ground level (
<figureCitation id="95CB2A7EFFECFFA6FF7B2C9DA05C038F" box="[144,266,1697,1722]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[136,229,1973,1994]" captionTargetBox="[212,1380,227,1934]" captionTargetId="figure-14@6.[195,1392,209,1948]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Homalolepis pumila. A. Habit, the inflorescence at ground level. B. Individual bearing only flowers, before leaf sprouting. C. Flower. D. Stamen bearing a laminar appendage. E. Distal portion of the style showing the stigma lobed. F. Two fruits, one with four drupelets, the other with only one (A–H. Devecchi &amp; Alves 323)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13720196" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13720196/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">Fig. 3A, B</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="95CB2A7EFFECFFA6FEFD2C9DA037038F" box="[278,353,1697,1722]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[136,229,1973,1994]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,209,1948]" captionTargetId="figure-13@7.[203,1385,209,1948]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Homalolepis pumilaA. Habit. B. Flowers at anthesis. C. Habit, showing the underground system and inflorescence at ground level. D. Underground system with sprouting lateral inflorescences. E. An individual bearing only flowers, lateral view. F. View from above of the plant shown in E. G. Habitat of the new species: open cerrado physiognomy." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13720198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13720198/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">4 A, B</figureCitation>
). Studies on the floral biology of this species would be interesting.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0D4F36FBFFECFFA6FF562CF9A3520237" blockId="8.[136,1452,1193,2082]" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFECFFA6FF562CF9A00903EB" bold="true" box="[189,351,1733,1758]" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">Phenology:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFECFFA6FEB42CF9A31403EB" box="[351,578,1733,1758]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Homalolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="8" pageNumber="260" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pumila">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFECFFA6FEB42CF9A31403EB" box="[351,578,1733,1758]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">Homalolepis pumila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been collected with flowers and immature fruits in August and September, and with mature fruits in October.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0D4F36FBFFECFFA7FF562D31A2F605E8" blockId="8.[136,1452,1193,2082]" lastBlockId="9.[136,1452,160,401]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="261" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFECFFA6FF562D31A0700213" bold="true" box="[189,294,1805,1830]" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">Notes:—</emphasis>
The habit of subshrubs with small leaves (
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFECFFA6FCF02D31A2C80213" box="[795,926,1805,1830]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.75" metricValueMax="7.3" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="260" unit="cm" value="5.75" valueMax="7.3" valueMin="4.2">4.2–7.3 cm</quantity>
long), and floral features of its stamens and gynophore place
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFECFFA6FEA62D0DA0E9027F" box="[333,447,1841,1866]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Homalolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="8" pageNumber="260" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pumila">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFECFFA6FEA62D0DA0E9027F" box="[333,447,1841,1866]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">H. pumila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFECFFA6FE0D2D0DA354027F" box="[486,514,1841,1866]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">H.</emphasis>
sect.
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFECFFA6FDAD2D0DA38B027F" box="[582,733,1841,1866]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFECFFA6FDAD2D0DA38F027F" authorityName="Turczaninow" authorityYear="1848" box="[582,729,1841,1866]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Homalolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="8" pageNumber="260" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Homalolepis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
An update of characters distinguishing this section (as
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFECFFA6FABC2D0DA018025B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Simaba" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="8" pageNumber="260" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Floribundae">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFECFFA6FABC2D0DA4FD027F" box="[1367,1451,1841,1866]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">Simaba</emphasis>
sect.
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFECFFA6FF292D69A018025B" box="[194,334,1877,1902]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">Floribundae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) from
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFECFFA6FE702D69A0E1025B" box="[411,439,1877,1902]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">H.</emphasis>
sect.
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFECFFA6FE1C2D69A3DD025B" box="[503,651,1877,1902]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">Grandiflorae</emphasis>
was provided by Devecchi &amp; Pirani (2015) and
<bibRefCitation id="69614B0AFFECFFA6FB412D69A4FE025B" author="Devecchi, M. F. &amp; Thomas, W. W. &amp; Pirani, J. R." box="[1194,1448,1877,1902]" pageId="8" pageNumber="260" pagination="401 - 407" refId="ref5954" refString="Devecchi, M. F., Thomas, W. W. &amp; Pirani, J. R. (2016) Simaba arenaria (Simaroubaceae): a new species from sandy coastal plains in Northeastern Brazil, with notes on seedling morphology. Systematic Botany 41 (2): 401 - 407. https: // doi. org / 10.1600 / 036364416 X 691885" type="journal article" year="2016">
Devecchi
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFECFFA6FAF02D69A405025B" box="[1307,1363,1877,1902]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">et al.</emphasis>
(2016)
</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFECFFA6FF632D45A03A02A7" box="[136,364,1913,1938]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Homalolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="8" pageNumber="260" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pumila">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFECFFA6FF632D45A03A02A7" box="[136,364,1913,1938]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">Homalolepis pumila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is morphologically close to
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFECFFA6FD432D45A57402A7" authority="Engler (1874: 213)" authorityName="Engler" authorityPageNumber="213" authorityYear="1874" box="[680,1058,1913,1938]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Simaba" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="8" pageNumber="260" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="suffruticosa">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFECFFA6FD432D45A21102A7" box="[680,839,1913,1938]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">S. suffruticosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="69614B0AFFECFFA6FCA52D45A57402A7" author="Engler, A." box="[846,1058,1913,1938]" pageId="8" pageNumber="260" pagination="197 - 248" refId="ref6023" refString="Engler, A. (1874) Simaroubaceae. in: Martius, C. P. F. &amp; Eichler, A. G. (Eds.) Flora Brasiliensis 12. Frid. Fleischer, Munich and Leipzig. pp. 197 - 248." type="book chapter" year="1874">Engler (1874: 213)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(to be transferred to
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFECFFA6FAE72D45A4CD02A7" authorityName="Turczaninow" authorityYear="1848" box="[1292,1435,1913,1938]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Homalolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="8" pageNumber="260" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFECFFA6FAE72D45A4CD02A7" box="[1292,1435,1913,1938]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="260">Homalolepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), but differs from the latter by bearing fewer leaflets 5–7 (vs. 9–11[–13]), with laminar glands scattered near the base of the abaxial leaflet surface (vs. glands lacking), by the petals 5.5–6.1 ×
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFECFFA6FC7C2DFDA54802EF" box="[919,1054,1985,2010]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="8" pageNumber="260" unit="mm" value="1.6" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.4">1.4–1.8 mm</quantity>
(vs. 7.9–9.1 ×
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), and by the appendage being adnate to the filament along its whole extension, except for the distal lateral projections ending in two lateral projections (vs. appendage with a free distal portion bearing an obtuse apex). A phylogenetic analysis also provides significant differences in both nuclear ITS, ETS and plastidial
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFEDFFA7FC162A9CA548058C" box="[1021,1054,160,185]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="261">trn</emphasis>
LF sequences of these two species (
<bibRefCitation id="69614B0AFFEDFFA7FF7B2AF8A06905E8" author="Devecchi, M. F." box="[144,319,196,221]" pageId="9" pageNumber="261" refId="ref5917" refString="Devecchi, M. F. (2017) Phylogeny and Systematics of Simaba Aubl. (Simaroubaceae) PhD. thesis. Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo: Universidade de Sao Paulo. 294 pp." type="book" year="2017">Devecchi 2017</bibRefCitation>
). Moreover, they are conspicuously allopatric (
<figureCitation id="95CB2A7EFFEDFFA7FCA52AF8A2C405E8" box="[846,914,196,221]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[136,229,1124,1145]" captionTargetBox="[170,1389,221,1055]" captionTargetId="figure-14@8.[151,1436,190,1099]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Map showing the distribution of the two new species and their closely related species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13720200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13720200/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="261">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0D4F36FBFFEDFFA7FF562AD4A36104A4" blockId="9.[136,1452,160,401]" pageId="9" pageNumber="261">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFEDFFA7FF562AD4A0830434" bold="true" box="[189,469,232,257]" pageId="9" pageNumber="261">Conservation status:—</emphasis>
“Vulnerable” (VU–D2). A GeoCAT analysis and
<bibRefCitation id="69614B0AFFEDFFA7FBF62AD4A5EF0434" author="IUCN" box="[1053,1209,232,257]" pageId="9" pageNumber="261" refId="ref6449" refString="IUCN (2014) Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 11. IUCN, Gland, 87 pp. Available from: http: // jr. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf (accessed 10 January 2015)" type="book" year="2014">IUCN (2014)</bibRefCitation>
criteria suggest that
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFEDFFA7FF632B30A0380410" box="[136,366,268,293]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Homalolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="9" pageNumber="261" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pumila">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFEDFFA7FF632B30A0380410" box="[136,366,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="261">Homalolepis pumila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be classified as Vulnerable. (EOO =
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFEDFFA7FC802B30A2A40410" box="[875,1010,268,293]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.83678" pageId="9" pageNumber="261" unit="km" value="483.678">483.678 km</quantity>
<superScript id="FA859BB3FFEDFFA7FC192B36A2AC042D" attach="left" box="[1010,1018,266,280]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="261">2</superScript>
; AOO =
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFEDFFA7FB8D2B30A5F80410" box="[1126,1198,268,293]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="9" pageNumber="261" unit="km" value="16.0">16 km</quantity>
<superScript id="FA859BB3FFEDFFA7FB452B36A5E0042D" attach="left" box="[1198,1206,266,280]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="261">2</superScript>
). This new species is known only from some populations inside the Emas National Park. Because of its restricted area of occupancy, any change in the environment of any of the known populations could require that the species should be transferred to a higher risk category in the near future.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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