521 lines
74 KiB
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521 lines
74 KiB
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<document id="F7263C6BC8D34CAA287E472E62EDF326" ID-CLB-Dataset="295278" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5446.3.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="35f8a88f-305e-4cf7-ba45-f6e381415c28" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11101945" ID-ZooBank="531387F2-B008-40B6-9621-C1A2B5E8ACF0" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1714635378383" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Dixit, Sudhanshu & Sreeraj, Chemmencheri Ramakrishnan" docDate="2024" docId="070F0561291AFFEF5EE1874FFACBFE0F" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5446.3.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5446 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5446.3.5" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Paraplanocera kalpeniensis Dixit & Sreeraj 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="411" masterDocId="FB367D192918FFE95E768508FFE2FFDE" masterDocTitle="Two new polyclad (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida) flatworm species from the Lakshadweep Islands, India" masterLastPageNumber="419" masterPageNumber="405" pageNumber="407" updateTime="1715281191460" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="B5288E6E31377C977008B56B4355E252">
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<mods:title id="76DA57133642617B3B93543B0597E293">Two new polyclad (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida) flatworm species from the Lakshadweep Islands, India</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="A34A5B08A407CB56DCB449CC1BAB5BBD" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="0A111742651CC6DA0E999BC5577BD5F9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="0AFF412656FAEE1AEDB95BAF7A9FF4EF">Dixit, Sudhanshu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4C9E218743E6B6C7260C46926F968B05">Applied Research Centre for Environment and Marine Studies, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran - 31261, Saudi Arabia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="7ED975346D8E162FBA4CA10E73FA9F34">Sreeraj, Chemmencheri Ramakrishnan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="016D37E0C8A604E86521092078B7DB59">Zoological Survey of India, Andaman and Nicobar Regional Centre, Horticulture Road, Haddo, Port Blair - 744102, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="9FC84C9E7B2404AA92302E9B374C267A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="DF2DB731ECEBA9E3A383B35081771138">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="5234C163CC089BA1CE5705CB8C798969">
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<mods:date id="751096D43A08A331A8741991AC3D72A0">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8DE2EDC4EF0DA2F790A7CD342567D541">2024-05-01</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="565B94D5AAE42B9C3697401FAC60672C">5446</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="5B66A04C814A4324EB6CB75CA264DA0F" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="72D4D823E089E84645CEC7CA66FE03EB">3</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="3E3A1E6FB77C7C2E50770EAD38206E38">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5446.3.5</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="FAE99B344FE7651A678FAAC510E2B29E">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="4463F9B1C782C20E4DB2D705DFE989A5" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5446.3.5</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="268E297289CC9A52F4F1579981FC9776" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="070F0561291AFFEF5EE1874FFACBFE0F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101967" ID-GBIF-Taxon="228874515" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11101967" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:070F0561291AFFEF5EE1874FFACBFE0F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/070F0561291AFFEF5EE1874FFACBFE0F" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="411" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">
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<subSubSection id="C7BCE7FC291AFFEB5EE1874FFDAFFDBF" box="[151,589,583,610]" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8F19B477291AFFEB5EE1874FFDAFFDBF" blockId="2.[151,589,583,645]" box="[151,589,583,610]" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">
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<heading id="D451031B291AFFEB5EE1874FFDAFFDBF" bold="true" box="[151,589,583,610]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="BDD26865291AFFEB5EE1874FFDAFFDBF" bold="true" box="[151,589,583,610]" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">
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<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291AFFEB5EE1874FFE0AFDBC" authority="Dixit & Sreeraj, 2024" authorityName="Dixit & Sreeraj" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,488,583,610]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kalpeniensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="BDD26865291AFFEB5EE1874FFE0AFDBC" bold="true" box="[151,488,583,610]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">Paraplanocera kalpeniensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A6E1D51E291AFFEB5F99874FFDAFFDBF" box="[495,589,583,609]" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C7BCE7FC291AFFEB5EE18763FED2FD5B" box="[151,304,619,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8F19B477291AFFEB5EE18763FED2FD5B" blockId="2.[151,589,583,645]" box="[151,304,619,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">
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(
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<figureCitation id="179DA8F2291AFFEB5EE98763FECBFD5B" box="[159,297,619,645]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="3.[152,255,1935,1959]" captionStartId-1="4.[152,255,1627,1651]" captionStartId-2="5.[152,255,1028,1052]" captionTargetBox-0="[292,1295,417,1912]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,189,998]" captionTargetId-0="figure-122@3.[292,1296,417,1912]" captionTargetId-1="figure-25@4.[151,1436,181,1604]" captionTargetId-2="figure-17@5.[151,1436,181,1004]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Paraplanocera kalpeniensis sp. nov. (A) Holotype (live, in vivo); (B) preserved holotype (C) ventral surface (holotype); (D) tentacles and tentacular eyes. bc, bursa copulatrix; cs, cirrus sac; fp, female gonopore; lv, Lang’s vesicle; mp, male gonopore; p, pharynx; pv, prostatic vesicle; te, tentacular eyes, tn, tentacles." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Paraplanocera kalpeniensis sp. nov. Sagittal sections (A, B) showing arrangement of reproductive structures (anterior to the right). cg, cement glands; cp, cement pouch; cs, cirrus sac fp, female gonopore; ma, male antrium; mf, muscular folds; mp, male gonopore; pv, prostatic vesicle; t, teeth; vb, vagina bulbosa." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Paraplanocera kalpeniensis sp. nov. Diagrammatic representation of sagittal sections showing arrangement of male and female reproductive structures. cg, cement glands; cp, cement pouch; cs, cirrus sac; fa, female atrium; fp, female gonopore; ma, male antrium; mf, muscular folds; mp, male gonopore; pb, prostatic duct; pv, prostatic vesicle; spb, spermiducal bulb; t, teeth; vb, vagina bulbosa." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101949" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101953" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101957" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/11101949/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/11101953/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/11101957/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">Figures 2−4</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C7BCE7FC291AFFEB5EE187BBFB2CFC7B" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8F19B477291AFFEB5EE187BBFEABFD13" blockId="2.[151,329,691,717]" box="[151,329,691,717]" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">
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<heading id="D451031B291AFFEB5EE187BBFEABFD13" bold="true" box="[151,329,691,717]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="BDD26865291AFFEB5EE187BBFEABFD13" bold="true" box="[151,329,691,717]" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">Type Material</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8F19B477291AFFEB5EE187F3FE33FC83" blockId="2.[151,1437,763,934]" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">
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<materialsCitation id="3FCEBE2A291AFFEB5EE187F3FE33FC83" collectingDate="2019-10-30" country="India" latitude="10.103656" location="India" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="73.65151" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="501D0AD5291AFFEB5EE187F3FF1DFCCB" box="[151,255,763,789]" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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(16 x
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<quantity id="485E1992291AFFEB5F2287F3FE4FFCCB" box="[340,429,763,789]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
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): as sagittal sections: Regn. No. ZSI/WGRC/I.R.-Inv.22070; reproductive structures in seven slides; Kalpeni Island (
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<geoCoordinate id="EA92D2B0291AFFEB5F978617FD6BFCE7" box="[481,649,799,825]" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="6" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" precision="1" seconds="13.16" value="10.103656">10° 6’13.16”N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EA92D2B0291AFFEB5CE28617FCD1FCE4" box="[660,819,799,826]" degrees="73" direction="east" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" precision="1" seconds="5.44" value="73.65151">73°39’5.44”E</geoCoordinate>
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; Lakshadweep,
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<collectingCountry id="F7B1F4E7291AFFEB5D908617FBC1FCE7" box="[998,1059,799,825]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">India</collectingCountry>
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; tidal pools near northern tip,
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<date id="FB1892B7291AFFEB5B028617FF17FC83" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" value="2019-10-30">
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<collectingDate id="EB5C6B5F291AFFEB5B028617FF17FC83" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" value="2019-10-30">Oct 30,2019</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, Coll. Sreeraj C.R.)
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8F19B477291AFFEB5EB18660FB2CFC7B" blockId="2.[151,1437,763,934]" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">
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<materialsCitation id="3FCEBE2A291AFFEB5EB18660FB2CFC7B" collectingDate="2019-11-02" country="India" latitude="10.060292" location="Coll. Sreeraj C. R." longLatPrecision="1" longitude="73.638824" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<typeStatus id="501D0AD5291AFFEB5EB18660FECBFC5C" box="[199,297,872,898]" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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(13 x
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<quantity id="485E1992291AFFEB5FFA866FFE39FC5F" box="[396,475,871,897]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
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): intact; Regn. No. ZSI/WGRC/I.R.-Inv.22071; Kalpeni Island (
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<geoCoordinate id="EA92D2B0291AFFEB5A91866FFA7AFC5C" box="[1255,1432,871,898]" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="3" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" precision="1" seconds="37.05" value="10.060292">10° 3’37.05”N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EA92D2B0291AFFEB5EE18683FEA1FC7B" box="[151,323,907,933]" degrees="73" direction="east" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" precision="1" seconds="19.78" value="73.638824">73°38’19.78”E</geoCoordinate>
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, Lakshadweep,
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<collectingCountry id="F7B1F4E7291AFFEB5F808683FDD1FC7B" box="[502,563,907,933]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">India</collectingCountry>
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; near southern tip,
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<date id="FB1892B7291AFFEB5D7F8683FC09FC7B" box="[777,1003,907,933]" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" value="2019-11-02">
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<collectingDate id="EB5C6B5F291AFFEB5D7F8683FC09FC7B" box="[777,1003,907,933]" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" value="2019-11-02">November 02, 2019</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<location id="8A79E2AC291AFFEB5D808683FB23FC7B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:070F0561291AFFEF5EE1874FFACBFE0F:8A79E2AC291AFFEB5D808683FB23FC7B" box="[1014,1217,907,933]" country="India" latitude="10.060292" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="73.638824" name="Coll. Sreeraj C. R." pageId="2" pageNumber="407">Coll. Sreeraj C.R.</location>
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).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C7BCE7FC291AFFEB5EE186FFFEA3FBA3" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8F19B477291AFFEB5EE186FFFEFCFBCF" blockId="2.[151,286,1015,1041]" box="[151,286,1015,1041]" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">
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<heading id="D451031B291AFFEB5EE186FFFEFCFBCF" bold="true" box="[151,286,1015,1041]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="BDD26865291AFFEB5EE186FFFEFCFBCF" bold="true" box="[151,286,1015,1041]" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">Etymology</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8F19B477291AFFEB5EE18137FEA3FBA3" blockId="2.[151,1437,1087,1150]" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">
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The specific name refers to the
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<typeStatus id="501D0AD5291AFFEB5F858148FDC1FB84" box="[499,547,1088,1114]" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">type</typeStatus>
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locality, Kalpeni Island in
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<collectingCountry id="F7B1F4E7291AFFEB5D388137FC0AFB87" box="[846,1000,1087,1113]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">Lakshadweep</collectingCountry>
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archipelago, where the
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<typeStatus id="501D0AD5291AFFEB5A878148FAC3FB84" box="[1265,1313,1088,1114]" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">type</typeStatus>
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specimens were collected.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C7BCE7FC291AFFEB5EE181C7FC78FAEF" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8F19B477291AFFEB5EE181C7FEA1FB37" blockId="2.[151,323,1231,1257]" box="[151,323,1231,1257]" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">
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<heading id="D451031B291AFFEB5EE181C7FEA1FB37" bold="true" box="[151,323,1231,1257]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" reason="1">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291AFFEB5EE181C7FEA1FB37" bold="true" box="[151,323,1231,1257]" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="501D0AD5291AFFEB5EE181C7FF36FB37" box="[151,212,1231,1257]" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">Type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
Locality
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</heading>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8F19B477291AFFEB5EE1801FFC78FAEF" blockId="2.[151,922,1303,1330]" box="[151,922,1303,1330]" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">
|
|||
|
|
<location id="8A79E2AC291AFFEB5EE1801FFED9FAEF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:070F0561291AFFEF5EE1874FFACBFE0F:8A79E2AC291AFFEB5EE1801FFED9FAEF" box="[151,315,1303,1329]" country="India" latitude="10.103656" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="73.65151" name="Kalpeni Island" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">Kalpeni Island</location>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EA92D2B0291AFFEB5F3D801FFE11FAEF" box="[331,499,1303,1329]" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="6" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" precision="1" seconds="13.16" value="10.103656">10° 6’13.16”N</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EA92D2B0291AFFEB5F89801FFD7FFAEC" box="[511,669,1303,1330]" degrees="73" direction="east" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" precision="1" seconds="5.44" value="73.65151">73°39’5.44”E</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
|
),
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F7B1F4E7291AFFEB5CC7801FFCACFAEF" box="[689,846,1303,1329]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">Lakshadweep</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F7B1F4E7291AFFEB5D2F801FFC74FAEF" box="[857,918,1303,1329]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">India</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C7BCE7FC291AFFEA5EE1808BFD73FE57" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="408" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" type="description">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8F19B477291AFFEB5EE1808BFECAFA43" blockId="2.[151,296,1411,1437]" box="[151,296,1411,1437]" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">
|
|||
|
|
<heading id="D451031B291AFFEB5EE1808BFECAFA43" bold="true" box="[151,296,1411,1437]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" reason="1">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291AFFEB5EE1808BFECAFA43" bold="true" box="[151,296,1411,1437]" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">Description</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</heading>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8F19B477291AFFEB5EE180C3FE0CF944" blockId="2.[151,1437,1483,2014]" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">
|
|||
|
|
[Based on
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="501D0AD5291AFFEB5F6580C3FE9AFA3B" box="[275,376,1483,1509]" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
] External: Live- Body translucent and elongated oval; pinkish to orange coloured; yellowish tint towards margin; studded with numerous white irregular blotches on mid dorsal region (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="179DA8F2291AFFEB5AB480E7FAFDF9D7" box="[1218,1311,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1935,1959]" captionTargetBox="[292,1295,417,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-122@3.[292,1296,417,1912]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Paraplanocera kalpeniensis sp. nov. (A) Holotype (live, in vivo); (B) preserved holotype (C) ventral surface (holotype); (D) tentacles and tentacular eyes. bc, bursa copulatrix; cs, cirrus sac; fp, female gonopore; lv, Lang’s vesicle; mp, male gonopore; p, pharynx; pv, prostatic vesicle; te, tentacular eyes, tn, tentacles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101949" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101949/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Marginal bands consist of three coloured bands; outer white rim followed by broken violet and purple band. Inner violet and purple bands interrupted with a white rim at numerous points. Nuchal tentacles slender with purple tips (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="179DA8F2291AFFEB5B43833FFA72F98F" box="[1333,1424,1591,1617]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1935,1959]" captionTargetBox="[292,1295,417,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-122@3.[292,1296,417,1912]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Paraplanocera kalpeniensis sp. nov. (A) Holotype (live, in vivo); (B) preserved holotype (C) ventral surface (holotype); (D) tentacles and tentacular eyes. bc, bursa copulatrix; cs, cirrus sac; fp, female gonopore; lv, Lang’s vesicle; mp, male gonopore; p, pharynx; pv, prostatic vesicle; te, tentacular eyes, tn, tentacles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101949" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101949/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Numerous tentacular eyes at the base of tentacles; cerebral or marginal eyes not observed. Pharynx ruffled; male and female gonopore separate.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8F19B477291AFFEB5EB183ABFD63F8AF" blockId="2.[151,1437,1483,2014]" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">
|
|||
|
|
Preserved: Specimen slightly curled with faded colours (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="179DA8F2291AFFEB5D2F83ABFC56F963" box="[857,948,1699,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1935,1959]" captionTargetBox="[292,1295,417,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-122@3.[292,1296,417,1912]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Paraplanocera kalpeniensis sp. nov. (A) Holotype (live, in vivo); (B) preserved holotype (C) ventral surface (holotype); (D) tentacles and tentacular eyes. bc, bursa copulatrix; cs, cirrus sac; fp, female gonopore; lv, Lang’s vesicle; mp, male gonopore; p, pharynx; pv, prostatic vesicle; te, tentacular eyes, tn, tentacles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101949" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101949/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). White blotches are more pronounced on the discoloured median area (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="179DA8F2291AFFEB5F9F83CFFDA1F93F" box="[489,579,1735,1761]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1935,1959]" captionTargetBox="[292,1295,417,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-122@3.[292,1296,417,1912]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Paraplanocera kalpeniensis sp. nov. (A) Holotype (live, in vivo); (B) preserved holotype (C) ventral surface (holotype); (D) tentacles and tentacular eyes. bc, bursa copulatrix; cs, cirrus sac; fp, female gonopore; lv, Lang’s vesicle; mp, male gonopore; p, pharynx; pv, prostatic vesicle; te, tentacular eyes, tn, tentacles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101949" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101949/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Tentacles stout post-fixation (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="179DA8F2291AFFEB5DDC83CFFBE7F93F" box="[938,1029,1735,1761]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1935,1959]" captionTargetBox="[292,1295,417,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-122@3.[292,1296,417,1912]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Paraplanocera kalpeniensis sp. nov. (A) Holotype (live, in vivo); (B) preserved holotype (C) ventral surface (holotype); (D) tentacles and tentacular eyes. bc, bursa copulatrix; cs, cirrus sac; fp, female gonopore; lv, Lang’s vesicle; mp, male gonopore; p, pharynx; pv, prostatic vesicle; te, tentacular eyes, tn, tentacles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101949" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101949/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
),
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="485E1992291AFFEB5A6D83CFFB91F93C" box="[1051,1139,1735,1762]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" unit="mm" value="5.7">5.7 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
from the anterior margin; each preserved tentacle
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="485E1992291AFFEB5FD283E3FE18F8D8" box="[420,506,1771,1798]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
long; tentacular eyes visible at base. Pharynx ruffled,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="485E1992291AFFEB5A2B83E3FB51F8D8" box="[1117,1203,1771,1798]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" unit="mm" value="2.6">2.6 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
long with 7–8 folds, situated in median of body.
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="4D627A95291AFFEB5FA48207FDEEF8F7" box="[466,524,1807,1833]" country="Maldives" name="Maale" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">Male</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
and female gonopores
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="485E1992291AFFEB5D638207FC8EF8F4" box="[789,876,1807,1834]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
apart in the lower half of the body below the last pharyngeal fold. Prostatic vesicle, cirrus sac, bursa copulatrix, male gonopore, female gonopore and Lang’s vesicle visible in the preserved specimen (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="179DA8F2291AFFEB5C6A825FFD97F8AF" box="[540,629,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1935,1959]" captionTargetBox="[292,1295,417,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-122@3.[292,1296,417,1912]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Paraplanocera kalpeniensis sp. nov. (A) Holotype (live, in vivo); (B) preserved holotype (C) ventral surface (holotype); (D) tentacles and tentacular eyes. bc, bursa copulatrix; cs, cirrus sac; fp, female gonopore; lv, Lang’s vesicle; mp, male gonopore; p, pharynx; pv, prostatic vesicle; te, tentacular eyes, tn, tentacles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101949" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101949/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8F19B477291AFFEA5EB18273FF04FF27" blockId="2.[151,1437,1483,2014]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,393]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="408" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="4D627A95291AFFEB5EB18273FEE3F84B" box="[199,257,1915,1941]" country="Maldives" name="Maale" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">Male</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
reproductive system includes prostatic vesicle with a cirrus sac (
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="485E1992291AFFEB5D9F8273FBC8F848" box="[1001,1066,1915,1942]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="407" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
long) encased in thick muscular sheath opening to the outside via male gonopore (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="179DA8F2291AFFEB5CCD8297FCF6F867" box="[699,788,1951,1977]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1627,1651]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[151,1436,181,1604]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Paraplanocera kalpeniensis sp. nov. Sagittal sections (A, B) showing arrangement of reproductive structures (anterior to the right). cg, cement glands; cp, cement pouch; cs, cirrus sac fp, female gonopore; ma, male antrium; mf, muscular folds; mp, male gonopore; pv, prostatic vesicle; t, teeth; vb, vagina bulbosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101953/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="179DA8F2291AFFEB5D698297FCD2F867" box="[799,816,1951,1977]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1028,1052]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,189,998]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[151,1436,181,1004]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Paraplanocera kalpeniensis sp. nov. Diagrammatic representation of sagittal sections showing arrangement of male and female reproductive structures. cg, cement glands; cp, cement pouch; cs, cirrus sac; fa, female atrium; fp, female gonopore; ma, male antrium; mf, muscular folds; mp, male gonopore; pb, prostatic duct; pv, prostatic vesicle; spb, spermiducal bulb; t, teeth; vb, vagina bulbosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101957" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101957/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Prostatic vesicle (625 µm long and 582 µm wide) with thick folded internal epithelium accepting spermiducal bulbs from both sides (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="179DA8F2291AFFEB5A6482CBFBBBF803" box="[1042,1113,1987,2013]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1028,1052]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,189,998]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[151,1436,181,1004]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Paraplanocera kalpeniensis sp. nov. Diagrammatic representation of sagittal sections showing arrangement of male and female reproductive structures. cg, cement glands; cp, cement pouch; cs, cirrus sac; fa, female atrium; fp, female gonopore; ma, male antrium; mf, muscular folds; mp, male gonopore; pb, prostatic duct; pv, prostatic vesicle; spb, spermiducal bulb; t, teeth; vb, vagina bulbosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101957" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101957/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="407">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Cirrus sac conical, tapered towards male gonopore. Two muscular folds split it into two divisions (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="179DA8F2291BFFEA5DC0859FFBF2FF6F" box="[950,1040,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1627,1651]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[151,1436,181,1604]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Paraplanocera kalpeniensis sp. nov. Sagittal sections (A, B) showing arrangement of reproductive structures (anterior to the right). cg, cement glands; cp, cement pouch; cs, cirrus sac fp, female gonopore; ma, male antrium; mf, muscular folds; mp, male gonopore; pv, prostatic vesicle; t, teeth; vb, vagina bulbosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101953/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="408">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The first without teeth, connected to the prostatic vesicle to receive sperm; the second lined with teeth that open to the outside via male gonopore (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="179DA8F2291BFFEA5B1985B3FF5FFF27" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1627,1651]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[151,1436,181,1604]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Paraplanocera kalpeniensis sp. nov. Sagittal sections (A, B) showing arrangement of reproductive structures (anterior to the right). cg, cement glands; cp, cement pouch; cs, cirrus sac fp, female gonopore; ma, male antrium; mf, muscular folds; mp, male gonopore; pv, prostatic vesicle; t, teeth; vb, vagina bulbosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101953/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="408">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="179DA8F2291BFFEA5EBE85D7FF3BFF27" box="[200,217,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1028,1052]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,189,998]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[151,1436,181,1004]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Paraplanocera kalpeniensis sp. nov. Diagrammatic representation of sagittal sections showing arrangement of male and female reproductive structures. cg, cement glands; cp, cement pouch; cs, cirrus sac; fa, female atrium; fp, female gonopore; ma, male antrium; mf, muscular folds; mp, male gonopore; pb, prostatic duct; pv, prostatic vesicle; spb, spermiducal bulb; t, teeth; vb, vagina bulbosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101957" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101957/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="408">4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8F19B477291BFFEA5EB1840BFD73FE57" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,393]" pageId="3" pageNumber="408">
|
|||
|
|
Female gonopore connects to vagina bulbosa via ciliated female atrium and cement pouch (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="179DA8F2291BFFEA5AD3840BFB18FEC3" box="[1189,1274,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1627,1651]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[151,1436,181,1604]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Paraplanocera kalpeniensis sp. nov. Sagittal sections (A, B) showing arrangement of reproductive structures (anterior to the right). cg, cement glands; cp, cement pouch; cs, cirrus sac fp, female gonopore; ma, male antrium; mf, muscular folds; mp, male gonopore; pv, prostatic vesicle; t, teeth; vb, vagina bulbosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101953/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="408">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="179DA8F2291BFFEA5B75840BFAF0FEC3" box="[1283,1298,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1028,1052]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,189,998]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[151,1436,181,1004]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Paraplanocera kalpeniensis sp. nov. Diagrammatic representation of sagittal sections showing arrangement of male and female reproductive structures. cg, cement glands; cp, cement pouch; cs, cirrus sac; fa, female atrium; fp, female gonopore; ma, male antrium; mf, muscular folds; mp, male gonopore; pb, prostatic duct; pv, prostatic vesicle; spb, spermiducal bulb; t, teeth; vb, vagina bulbosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101957" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101957/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="408">4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) surrounded by cement glands. The vagina bulbosa is higlhy muscularized (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="179DA8F2291BFFEA5D27842FFC4AFE9F" box="[849,936,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1627,1651]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[151,1436,181,1604]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Paraplanocera kalpeniensis sp. nov. Sagittal sections (A, B) showing arrangement of reproductive structures (anterior to the right). cg, cement glands; cp, cement pouch; cs, cirrus sac fp, female gonopore; ma, male antrium; mf, muscular folds; mp, male gonopore; pv, prostatic vesicle; t, teeth; vb, vagina bulbosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101953/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="408">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The bursa copulatrix, located on the side of gonopores (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="179DA8F2291BFFEA5F6C8443FE8DFEBB" box="[282,367,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1935,1959]" captionTargetBox="[292,1295,417,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-122@3.[292,1296,417,1912]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Paraplanocera kalpeniensis sp. nov. (A) Holotype (live, in vivo); (B) preserved holotype (C) ventral surface (holotype); (D) tentacles and tentacular eyes. bc, bursa copulatrix; cs, cirrus sac; fp, female gonopore; lv, Lang’s vesicle; mp, male gonopore; p, pharynx; pv, prostatic vesicle; te, tentacular eyes, tn, tentacles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101949" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101949/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="408">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) is not visible in histology sections. The lumen of the bursa copulatrix towards the posterior end of the body leads to Lang’s vesicle (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="179DA8F2291BFFEA5C5D8467FD66FE57" box="[555,644,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1935,1959]" captionTargetBox="[292,1295,417,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-122@3.[292,1296,417,1912]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Paraplanocera kalpeniensis sp. nov. (A) Holotype (live, in vivo); (B) preserved holotype (C) ventral surface (holotype); (D) tentacles and tentacular eyes. bc, bursa copulatrix; cs, cirrus sac; fp, female gonopore; lv, Lang’s vesicle; mp, male gonopore; p, pharynx; pv, prostatic vesicle; te, tentacular eyes, tn, tentacles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101949" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101949/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="408">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DBD9E4FF291BFFEA5EEE8287FC2CF831" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101949" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11101949" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101949/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="408" startId="3.[152,255,1935,1959]" targetBox="[292,1295,417,1912]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8F19B477291BFFEA5EEE8287FC2CF831" blockId="3.[151,1436,1935,2032]" pageId="3" pageNumber="408">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291BFFEA5EEE8287FEF9F879" bold="true" box="[152,283,1935,1959]" pageId="3" pageNumber="408">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291BFFEA5F538287FDA7F879" authority="Dixit & Sreeraj, 2024" authorityName="Dixit & Sreeraj" authorityYear="2024" box="[293,581,1935,1959]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="3" pageNumber="408" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kalpeniensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291BFFEA5F538287FDA7F879" box="[293,581,1935,1959]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="408">Paraplanocera kalpeniensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291BFFEA5C388287FD40F879" bold="true" box="[590,674,1935,1959]" pageId="3" pageNumber="408">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A6E1D51E291BFFEA5C388287FD40F879" box="[590,674,1935,1959]" pageId="3" pageNumber="408" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(A) Holotype (live,
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291BFFEA5D098298FC24F879" box="[895,966,1936,1959]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="408">in vivo</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
); (B) preserved holotype (C) ventral surface (holotype); (D) tentacles and tentacular eyes. bc, bursa copulatrix; cs, cirrus sac; fp, female gonopore; lv, Lang’s vesicle; mp, male gonopore; p, pharynx; pv, prostatic vesicle; te, tentacular eyes, tn, tentacles.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DBD9E4FF291CFFED5EEE8353FC75F962" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101953" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11101953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101953/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="409" startId="4.[152,255,1627,1651]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8F19B477291CFFED5EEE8353FC75F962" blockId="4.[151,1436,1627,1724]" pageId="4" pageNumber="409">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291CFFED5EEE8353FEF9F9AD" bold="true" box="[152,283,1627,1651]" pageId="4" pageNumber="409">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291CFFED5F538354FDA7F9AA" authority="Dixit & Sreeraj, 2024" authorityName="Dixit & Sreeraj" authorityYear="2024" box="[293,581,1628,1652]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="4" pageNumber="409" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kalpeniensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291CFFED5F538354FDA7F9AA" box="[293,581,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="409">Paraplanocera kalpeniensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291CFFED5C388354FD40F9AA" bold="true" box="[590,674,1628,1652]" pageId="4" pageNumber="409">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A6E1D51E291CFFED5C388354FD40F9AA" box="[590,674,1628,1652]" pageId="4" pageNumber="409" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Sagittal sections (A, B) showing arrangement of reproductive structures (anterior to the right). cg, cement glands; cp, cement pouch; cs, cirrus sac fp, female gonopore; ma, male antrium; mf, muscular folds; mp, male gonopore; pv, prostatic vesicle; t, teeth; vb, vagina bulbosa.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DBD9E4FF291DFFEC5EEE810CFE08FB56" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101957" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11101957" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101957/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" startId="5.[152,255,1028,1052]" targetBox="[151,1436,189,998]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8F19B477291DFFEC5EEE810CFE08FB56" blockId="5.[151,1436,1028,1160]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5EEE810CFEF8FBC2" bold="true" box="[152,282,1028,1052]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291DFFEC5F55810CFDA0FBC2" authority="Dixit & Sreeraj, 2024" authorityName="Dixit & Sreeraj" authorityYear="2024" box="[291,578,1028,1052]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kalpeniensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5F55810CFDA0FBC2" box="[291,578,1028,1052]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">Paraplanocera kalpeniensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A6E1D51E291DFFEC5C3C810CFD7DFBC2" box="[586,671,1028,1052]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" rank="species">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5C3C810CFD7AFBC2" bold="true" box="[586,664,1028,1052]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
Diagrammatic representation of sagittal sections showing arrangement of male and female reproductive structures. cg, cement glands; cp, cement pouch; cs, cirrus sac; fa, female atrium; fp, female gonopore; ma, male antrium; mf, muscular folds; mp, male gonopore; pb, prostatic duct; pv, prostatic vesicle; spb, spermiducal bulb; t, teeth; vb, vagina bulbosa.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C7BCE7FC291DFFEF5EE181D2FACBFE0F" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="411" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" type="discussion">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8F19B477291DFFEC5EE181D2FE73FB2A" blockId="5.[151,401,1242,1268]" box="[151,401,1242,1268]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">
|
|||
|
|
<heading id="D451031B291DFFEC5EE181D2FE73FB2A" bold="true" box="[151,401,1242,1268]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" reason="1">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5EE181D2FE73FB2A" bold="true" box="[151,401,1242,1268]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">Taxonomic remarks</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</heading>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8F19B477291DFFEC5EE1802AFD24FA77" blockId="5.[151,1437,1314,2025]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">
|
|||
|
|
The newly described species differs from all the congeners based on dorsal colour pattern, arrangement and colour of marginal bands, absence of cerebral eyes and differences in reproductive structures. Only 4
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291DFFEC5A85804EFF0AFA5A" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5A85804EFA7FFABE" box="[1267,1437,1350,1376]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">Paraplanocera</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
species
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
are described from the Indian Ocean to date:
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291DFFEC5C968063FC12FA5A" authority="Laidlaw, 1903" authorityName="Laidlaw" authorityYear="1903" box="[736,1008,1386,1412]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="aurora">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5C968063FCAAFA5A" box="[736,840,1387,1412]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">P. aurora</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EB37C986291DFFEC5D388062FC12FA5A" author="Laidlaw, F. F." box="[846,1008,1386,1412]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" pagination="301 - 318" refId="ref6241" refString="Laidlaw, F. F. (1903) On a collection of Turbellaria Polycladida from the Straits of Malacca. (Skeat Expedition 1899 - 1900). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1, 301 - 318." type="journal article" year="1903">Laidlaw, 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291DFFEC5D8C8063FAE1FA5A" authority="(Laidlaw 1902)" baseAuthorityName="Laidlaw" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[1018,1283,1386,1412]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="langi">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5D8C8063FBADFA5A" box="[1018,1103,1386,1412]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">P. langi</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EB37C986291DFFEC5A2A8062FB1EFA5A" author="Laidlaw, F. F." box="[1116,1276,1386,1412]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" pagination="1900" refId="ref6156" refString="Laidlaw, F. F. (1902) The marine Turbellaria with an account of the anatomy of some species. In: Gardiner, J. S. (Ed.), The Fauna and Geography of the Maldive and Laccadive Archipelagoes: Being the Account of the Work carried on and of the Collections made by an Expedition during the years 1899 and 1900. Vol. 1. The University Press, Cambridge, pp. 282 - 312." type="book chapter" year="1902">Laidlaw 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291DFFEC5B788063FECAFA76" authority="Meyer, 1922" authorityName="Meyer" authorityYear="1922" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marginata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5B788063FA7FFA5A" box="[1294,1437,1387,1412]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">P. marginata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EB37C986291DFFEC5EE18087FECAFA76" author="Meyer, F." box="[151,296,1422,1449]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" pagination="138 - 158" refId="ref6449" refString="Meyer, F. (1922) Polycladen von Koseir (Rotes Meer). (Kollektion Professor Klunzinger.) Arch Naturgesch, 87 (10), 138 - 158." type="journal article" year="1922">Meyer, 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291DFFEC5F158087FD23FA77" authority="(Schmarda 1859)" baseAuthorityName="Schmarda" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[355,705,1422,1449]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="oligoglena">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5F158087FE14FA76" box="[355,502,1422,1448]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">P. oligoglena</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EB37C986291DFFEC5C728086FD5BFA77" author="Schmarda, L. K." box="[516,697,1422,1449]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" refId="ref7208" refString="Schmarda, L. K. (1859) Neue Turbellarien, Rotatorien und Anneliden beobachtet und gesammelt auf einer Reise um die Erde 1853 bis 1857. Neue Wirbellose Thiere. I. W. Engelmann, Leipzig, 66 pp., 15 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 14426" type="book" year="1859">Schmarda 1859</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8F19B477291DFFEC5EB180BAFE9FF95E" blockId="5.[151,1437,1314,2025]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291DFFEC5EB180BAFDE7FA12" authority="Dixit & Sreeraj, 2024" authorityName="Dixit & Sreeraj" authorityYear="2024" box="[199,517,1458,1484]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kalpeniensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5EB180BAFDE7FA12" box="[199,517,1458,1484]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">Paraplanocera kalpeniensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5C6680BAFD8CFA12" bold="true" box="[528,622,1458,1484]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A6E1D51E291DFFEC5C6680BAFD8CFA12" box="[528,622,1458,1484]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
differs from
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291DFFEC5D7B80BBFC9BFA12" authorityName="Laidlaw" authorityYear="1903" box="[781,889,1459,1484]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="aurora">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5D7B80BBFC9BFA12" box="[781,889,1459,1484]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">P. aurora</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
in dorsal colouration pattern. Though both the species show pink colour on the dorsum,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291DFFEC5C0E80DFFD01FA2E" authorityName="Laidlaw" authorityYear="1903" box="[632,739,1495,1520]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="aurora">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5C0E80DFFD01FA2E" box="[632,739,1495,1520]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">P. aurora</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is mottled with lines and spots of yellowish white, while
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291DFFEC5BF280DFFEC3F9CA" authority="Dixit & Sreeraj, 2024" authorityName="Dixit & Sreeraj" authorityYear="2024" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kalpeniensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5BF280DFFA77FA2E" box="[1412,1429,1495,1520]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">P</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5EE180F2FEC3F9CA" box="[151,289,1530,1556]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">kalpeniensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5F5F80F2FE66F9CA" bold="true" box="[297,388,1530,1556]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A6E1D51E291DFFEC5F5F80F2FE66F9CA" box="[297,388,1530,1556]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
has a few white spots but no lines. There is no marginal band in
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5A1180F3FB35F9CA" box="[1127,1239,1531,1556]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291DFFEC5A1180F3FB31F9CA" authorityName="Laidlaw" authorityYear="1903" box="[1127,1235,1531,1556]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="aurora">P. aurora</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
while a marginal band is present in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291DFFEC5F1E8317FDECF9E6" authority="Dixit & Sreeraj, 2024" authorityName="Dixit & Sreeraj" authorityYear="2024" box="[360,526,1566,1592]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kalpeniensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5F1E8317FDECF9E6" box="[360,526,1566,1592]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">P. kalpeniensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5C618316FD90F9E6" bold="true" box="[535,626,1566,1592]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A6E1D51E291DFFEC5C618316FD90F9E6" box="[535,626,1566,1592]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
The cirrus lumen is lined by two kinds of spines, large & irregular and small & thorn shaped (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EB37C986291DFFEC5FE5834AFDD0F982" author="Laidlaw, F. F." box="[403,562,1602,1628]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" pagination="301 - 318" refId="ref6241" refString="Laidlaw, F. F. (1903) On a collection of Turbellaria Polycladida from the Straits of Malacca. (Skeat Expedition 1899 - 1900). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1, 301 - 318." type="journal article" year="1903">Laidlaw 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, Pg. 102) in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291DFFEC5CCB834BFCC7F982" authorityName="Laidlaw" authorityYear="1903" box="[701,805,1603,1628]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="aurora">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5CCB834BFCC7F982" box="[701,805,1603,1628]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">P. aurora</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
while in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291DFFEC5DFA834BFBD3F982" authority="Dixit & Sreeraj, 2024" authorityName="Dixit & Sreeraj" authorityYear="2024" box="[908,1073,1602,1628]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kalpeniensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5DFA834BFBD3F982" box="[908,1073,1602,1628]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">P. kalpeniensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5A41834AFB72F982" bold="true" box="[1079,1168,1602,1628]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A6E1D51E291DFFEC5A41834AFB72F982" box="[1079,1168,1602,1628]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
the lumen has medium-sized teeth (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="179DA8F2291DFFEC5F6B836EFE92F95E" box="[285,368,1638,1664]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1627,1651]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[151,1436,181,1604]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Paraplanocera kalpeniensis sp. nov. Sagittal sections (A, B) showing arrangement of reproductive structures (anterior to the right). cg, cement glands; cp, cement pouch; cs, cirrus sac fp, female gonopore; ma, male antrium; mf, muscular folds; mp, male gonopore; pv, prostatic vesicle; t, teeth; vb, vagina bulbosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101953/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">Fig 3A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8F19B477291DFFEC5EB18382FDE9F886" blockId="5.[151,1437,1314,2025]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291DFFEC5EB18382FDE0F97A" authority="Dixit & Sreeraj, 2024" authorityName="Dixit & Sreeraj" authorityYear="2024" box="[199,514,1674,1700]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kalpeniensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5EB18382FDE0F97A" box="[199,514,1674,1700]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">Paraplanocera kalpeniensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5C7C8382FD87F97A" bold="true" box="[522,613,1674,1700]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A6E1D51E291DFFEC5C7C8382FD87F97A" box="[522,613,1674,1700]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
differs from
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291DFFEC5C8D8383FCB3F97A" baseAuthorityName="Laidlaw" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[763,849,1674,1700]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="langi">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5C8D8383FCB3F97A" box="[763,849,1674,1700]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">P. langi</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
in the shape of the tentacles, and dorsal colouration pattern. The background colour of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291DFFEC5C5983A7FD6AF916" baseAuthorityName="Laidlaw" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[559,648,1710,1736]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="langi">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5C5983A7FD6AF916" box="[559,648,1710,1736]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">P. langi</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is white with few black chromatophores in comparison to the pink background colour of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291DFFEC5FE583DBFDD8F932" authority="Dixit & Sreeraj, 2024" authorityName="Dixit & Sreeraj" authorityYear="2024" box="[403,570,1746,1772]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kalpeniensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5FE583DBFDD8F932" box="[403,570,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">P. kalpeniensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5C3583DAFD7CF932" bold="true" box="[579,670,1746,1772]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A6E1D51E291DFFEC5C3583DAFD7CF932" box="[579,670,1746,1772]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
The tentacles in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291DFFEC5D1483DBFC5BF932" baseAuthorityName="Laidlaw" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[866,953,1746,1772]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="langi">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5D1483DBFC5BF932" box="[866,953,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">P. langi</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
are described as slightly bilobed (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EB37C986291DFFEC5B4983DAFF30F8CE" author="Laidlaw, F. F." pageId="5" pageNumber="410" pagination="1900" refId="ref6156" refString="Laidlaw, F. F. (1902) The marine Turbellaria with an account of the anatomy of some species. In: Gardiner, J. S. (Ed.), The Fauna and Geography of the Maldive and Laccadive Archipelagoes: Being the Account of the Work carried on and of the Collections made by an Expedition during the years 1899 and 1900. Vol. 1. The University Press, Cambridge, pp. 282 - 312." type="book chapter" year="1902">Laidlaw 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, pg. 286) while slender tentacles are observed in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291DFFEC5C8583FFFC79F8CE" authority="Dixit & Sreeraj, 2024" authorityName="Dixit & Sreeraj" authorityYear="2024" box="[755,923,1782,1809]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kalpeniensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5C8583FFFCE6F8CE" box="[755,772,1783,1808]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">P</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5D6783FEFC79F8CE" box="[785,923,1782,1808]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">kalpeniensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5DD483FEFC18F8CE" bold="true" box="[930,1018,1782,1808]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A6E1D51E291DFFEC5DD483FEFC18F8CE" box="[930,1018,1782,1808]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
the lumen of penis in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291DFFEC5A8783FFFAA4F8CE" baseAuthorityName="Laidlaw" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[1265,1350,1782,1808]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="langi">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5A8783FFFAA4F8CE" box="[1265,1350,1782,1808]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">P. langi</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is lined with chitinous, not very thickly hooked spines (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EB37C986291DFFEC5CC38212FCB4F8EA" author="Laidlaw, F. F." box="[693,854,1818,1844]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" pagination="1900" refId="ref6156" refString="Laidlaw, F. F. (1902) The marine Turbellaria with an account of the anatomy of some species. In: Gardiner, J. S. (Ed.), The Fauna and Geography of the Maldive and Laccadive Archipelagoes: Being the Account of the Work carried on and of the Collections made by an Expedition during the years 1899 and 1900. Vol. 1. The University Press, Cambridge, pp. 282 - 312." type="book chapter" year="1902">Laidlaw 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, pg. 287) while there are no such chitinous hooked spines in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291DFFEC5F778237FE48F886" authority="Dixit & Sreeraj, 2024" authorityName="Dixit & Sreeraj" authorityYear="2024" box="[257,426,1854,1881]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kalpeniensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5F778237FEF0F886" box="[257,274,1855,1880]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">P</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5F568236FE48F886" box="[288,426,1854,1880]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">kalpeniensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5FC78236FDE9F886" bold="true" box="[433,523,1854,1880]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A6E1D51E291DFFEC5FC78236FDE9F886" box="[433,523,1854,1880]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8F19B477291DFFEF5EB1826AFB23FF27" blockId="5.[151,1437,1314,2025]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,151,465]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="411" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291DFFEC5EB1826AFE09F8A2" authorityName="Meyer" authorityYear="1922" box="[199,491,1890,1916]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marginata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5EB1826AFE09F8A2" box="[199,491,1890,1916]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">Paraplanocera marginata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, described from the Red Sea, differs from
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291DFFEC5DB2826BFB8EF8A2" authority="Dixit & Sreeraj, 2024" authorityName="Dixit & Sreeraj" authorityYear="2024" box="[964,1132,1890,1917]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kalpeniensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5DB2826BFC37F8A2" box="[964,981,1891,1916]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">P</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5D94826AFB8EF8A2" box="[994,1132,1890,1916]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">kalpeniensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5A05826AFB2EF8A2" bold="true" box="[1139,1228,1890,1916]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A6E1D51E291DFFEC5A05826AFB2EF8A2" box="[1139,1228,1890,1916]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
on the basis of the dorsal colour, the colour of the marginal band, and presence of spines in the cirrus sac of the former.
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291DFFEC5A85828EFEE9F81A" authorityName="Meyer" authorityYear="1922" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marginata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5A85828EFEE9F81A" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">Paraplanocera marginata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
has an orange-yellow dorsal surface with scattered white spots, while the dorsal surface of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291DFFEC5A8E82A3FA7EF81A" authority="Dixit & Sreeraj, 2024" authorityName="Dixit & Sreeraj" authorityYear="2024" box="[1272,1436,1962,1988]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kalpeniensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5A8E82A3FA7EF81A" box="[1272,1436,1962,1988]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">P. kalpeniensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5EE182C6FF16F837" bold="true" box="[151,244,1998,2025]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A6E1D51E291DFFEC5EE182C6FF16F837" box="[151,244,1998,2025]" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
is pink with a yellow hue near the margin (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="179DA8F2291DFFEC5C9F82C6FCA7F836" box="[745,837,1998,2024]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1935,1959]" captionTargetBox="[292,1295,417,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-122@3.[292,1296,417,1912]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Paraplanocera kalpeniensis sp. nov. (A) Holotype (live, in vivo); (B) preserved holotype (C) ventral surface (holotype); (D) tentacles and tentacular eyes. bc, bursa copulatrix; cs, cirrus sac; fp, female gonopore; lv, Lang’s vesicle; mp, male gonopore; p, pharynx; pv, prostatic vesicle; te, tentacular eyes, tn, tentacles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101949" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101949/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The marginal band of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291DFFEC5A2E82C7FB0BF836" authorityName="Meyer" authorityYear="1922" box="[1112,1257,1999,2024]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="410" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marginata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291DFFEC5A2E82C7FB0BF836" box="[1112,1257,1999,2024]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="410">P. marginata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is either purple (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EB37C986291EFFEF5EE9859FFECBFF6F" author="Meyer, F." box="[159,297,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="411" pagination="138 - 158" refId="ref6449" refString="Meyer, F. (1922) Polycladen von Koseir (Rotes Meer). (Kollektion Professor Klunzinger.) Arch Naturgesch, 87 (10), 138 - 158." type="journal article" year="1922">Meyer 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) or black with a submarginal black band (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EB37C986291EFFEF5C8B859FFC7CFF6F" author="Prudhoe, S." box="[765,926,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="411" pagination="47 - 96" refId="ref7049" refString="Prudhoe, S. (1989) Polyclad turbellarians recorded from African Waters. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History, Zoology, 55 (1), 47 - 96" type="journal article" year="1989">Prudhoe 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EB37C986291EFFEF5DDF859FFBBCFF6F" author="Rodriguez, J. & Hutchings, P. A. & Williamson, J. E." box="[937,1118,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="411" pagination="1 - 63" refId="ref7150" refString="Rodriguez, J., Hutchings, P. A. & Williamson, J. E. (2021) Biodiversity of intertidal marine flatworms (Polycladida, Platyhelminthes) in southeastern Australia. Zootaxa, 5024 (1), 1 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5024.1.1" type="journal article" year="2021">Rodríguez 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) but
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291EFFEF5AE1859FFADEFF6F" authority="Dixit & Sreeraj, 2024" authorityName="Dixit & Sreeraj" authorityYear="2024" box="[1175,1340,151,177]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="6" pageNumber="411" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kalpeniensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291EFFEF5AE1859FFADEFF6F" box="[1175,1340,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="411">P. kalpeniensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291EFFEF5B35859FFA7EFF6F" bold="true" box="[1347,1436,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="411">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A6E1D51E291EFFEF5B35859FFA7EFF6F" box="[1347,1436,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="411" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
has violet and purple marginal bands with a white rim (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="179DA8F2291EFFEF5D7385B3FC82FF0B" box="[773,864,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1935,1959]" captionTargetBox="[292,1295,417,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-122@3.[292,1296,417,1912]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Paraplanocera kalpeniensis sp. nov. (A) Holotype (live, in vivo); (B) preserved holotype (C) ventral surface (holotype); (D) tentacles and tentacular eyes. bc, bursa copulatrix; cs, cirrus sac; fp, female gonopore; lv, Lang’s vesicle; mp, male gonopore; p, pharynx; pv, prostatic vesicle; te, tentacular eyes, tn, tentacles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101949" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101949/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="411">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). There are no teeth but only spines in the cirrus of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291EFFEF5EE185D7FEC5FF26" authorityName="Meyer" authorityYear="1922" box="[151,295,223,248]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="6" pageNumber="411" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marginata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291EFFEF5EE185D7FEC5FF26" box="[151,295,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="411">P. marginata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
in comparison with
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291EFFEF5C7B85D7FD54FF27" authority="Dixit & Sreeraj, 2024" authorityName="Dixit & Sreeraj" authorityYear="2024" box="[525,694,223,249]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="6" pageNumber="411" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kalpeniensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291EFFEF5C7B85D7FDFCFF26" box="[525,542,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="411">P</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291EFFEF5C5A85D7FD54FF27" box="[556,694,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="411">kalpeniensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291EFFEF5CCB85D7FCF5FF27" bold="true" box="[701,791,223,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="411">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A6E1D51E291EFFEF5CCB85D7FCF5FF27" box="[701,791,223,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="411" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
which possesses only teeth (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="179DA8F2291EFFEF5A2C85D7FB56FF27" box="[1114,1204,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1627,1651]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[151,1436,181,1604]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Paraplanocera kalpeniensis sp. nov. Sagittal sections (A, B) showing arrangement of reproductive structures (anterior to the right). cg, cement glands; cp, cement pouch; cs, cirrus sac fp, female gonopore; ma, male antrium; mf, muscular folds; mp, male gonopore; pv, prostatic vesicle; t, teeth; vb, vagina bulbosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101953/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="411">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
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).
|
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</paragraph>
|
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|
<paragraph id="8F19B477291EFFEF5EB1840BFEE5FE73" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,465]" pageId="6" pageNumber="411">
|
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|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291EFFEF5EB1840BFE11FEC3" baseAuthorityName="Schmarda" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[199,499,259,285]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="6" pageNumber="411" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="oligoglena">
|
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|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291EFFEF5EB1840BFE11FEC3" box="[199,499,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="411">Paraplanocera oligoglena</emphasis>
|
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|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
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|
|
, described from
|
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|
|
<collectingCountry id="F7B1F4E7291EFFEF5CCC840BFCCCFEC3" box="[698,814,259,285]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="6" pageNumber="411">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
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|
|
, differs from
|
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|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291EFFEF5DA6840BFB9EFEC3" authority="Dixit & Sreeraj, 2024" authorityName="Dixit & Sreeraj" authorityYear="2024" box="[976,1148,259,285]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="6" pageNumber="411" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kalpeniensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291EFFEF5DA6840BFC03FEC2" box="[976,993,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="411">P</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291EFFEF5D84840BFB9EFEC3" box="[1010,1148,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="411">kalpeniensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291EFFEF5AF1840BFB06FEC3" bold="true" box="[1159,1252,259,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="411">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A6E1D51E291EFFEF5AF1840BFB06FEC3" box="[1159,1252,259,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="411" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
by exhibiting a translucent body with a brown dorsal surface, while
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291EFFEF5C85842FFC78FE9F" authority="Dixit & Sreeraj, 2024" authorityName="Dixit & Sreeraj" authorityYear="2024" box="[755,922,295,321]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="6" pageNumber="411" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kalpeniensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291EFFEF5C85842FFC78FE9F" box="[755,922,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="411">P. kalpeniensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291EFFEF5DD5842FFC1DFE9F" bold="true" box="[931,1023,295,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="411">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A6E1D51E291EFFEF5DD5842FFC1DFE9F" box="[931,1023,295,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="411" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
has a pinkish colour on the dorsum with many white blotches (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="179DA8F2291EFFEF5FBA8443FDC5FEBB" box="[460,551,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1935,1959]" captionTargetBox="[292,1295,417,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-122@3.[292,1296,417,1912]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Paraplanocera kalpeniensis sp. nov. (A) Holotype (live, in vivo); (B) preserved holotype (C) ventral surface (holotype); (D) tentacles and tentacular eyes. bc, bursa copulatrix; cs, cirrus sac; fp, female gonopore; lv, Lang’s vesicle; mp, male gonopore; p, pharynx; pv, prostatic vesicle; te, tentacular eyes, tn, tentacles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101949" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101949/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="411">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291EFFEF5C4A8443FC84FEBB" baseAuthorityName="Schmarda" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[572,870,331,357]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="6" pageNumber="411" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="oligoglena">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291EFFEF5C4A8443FC84FEBB" box="[572,870,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="411">Paraplanocera oligoglena</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is also characterised by the presence of two large teeth in the cirrus sac while there are no such large teeth but many medium-sized teeth in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291EFFEF5AE68467FAD8FE57" authority="Dixit & Sreeraj, 2024" authorityName="Dixit & Sreeraj" authorityYear="2024" box="[1168,1338,367,393]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="6" pageNumber="411" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kalpeniensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291EFFEF5AE68467FB43FE56" box="[1168,1185,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="411">P</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291EFFEF5AC68467FAD8FE57" box="[1200,1338,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="411">kalpeniensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291EFFEF5B348467FA7EFE57" bold="true" box="[1346,1436,367,393]" pageId="6" pageNumber="411">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A6E1D51E291EFFEF5B348467FA7EFE57" box="[1346,1436,367,393]" pageId="6" pageNumber="411" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="179DA8F2291EFFEF5EE9849BFF1BFE73" box="[159,249,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1627,1651]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[151,1436,181,1604]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Paraplanocera kalpeniensis sp. nov. Sagittal sections (A, B) showing arrangement of reproductive structures (anterior to the right). cg, cement glands; cp, cement pouch; cs, cirrus sac fp, female gonopore; ma, male antrium; mf, muscular folds; mp, male gonopore; pv, prostatic vesicle; t, teeth; vb, vagina bulbosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101953/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="411">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8F19B477291EFFEF5EB184BFFACBFE0F" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,465]" box="[199,1321,439,465]" pageId="6" pageNumber="411">
|
|||
|
|
The key differences between all known species of the genus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A6CFF4291EFFEF5D1884BFFBFAFE0F" authorityName="Laidlaw" authorityYear="1903" box="[878,1048,439,465]" family="Planoceridae" genus="Paraplanocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="6" pageNumber="411" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="BDD26865291EFFEF5D1884BFFBFAFE0F" box="[878,1048,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="411">Paraplanocera</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
are provided in
|
|||
|
|
<tableCitation id="C22481CC291EFFEF5AB984BFFAC1FE0F" box="[1231,1315,439,465]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[152,245,512,536]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparison between the described species of the genus Paraplanocera." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DBD9E4FF291EFFEF5EEE8708FBFAFDC6" pageId="6" pageNumber="411" tableUuid="DBD9E4FF291EFFEF5EEE8708FBFAFDC6">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|