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<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFECD14EFF6B9732FE5DEF5F" authorityName="Oliver" authorityYear="1948" box="[151,446,256,280]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Thalerophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="richardi" subSpecies="richardi">Thalerophis richardi richardi</taxonomicName>
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Vanzolini 
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFE1F976EFDF3EF33" box="[483,528,348,372]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">et al</emphasis>
. 1980: 33
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Alves 
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Mesquita 
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Borges-Leite 
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; 
<treatmentCitation id="0A93B50CFFECD14EFB2C9748FF19EFF6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6125583" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6125583" author="Guedes, T. B. &amp; Nogueira, C. &amp; Marques, O. A. V." httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/465F3358FFD9FFCDFF09FF19FA6912DC" page="3863" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="2014">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3EEECFFECD14EFB2C9748FF19EFF6" author="Guedes, T. B. &amp; Nogueira, C. &amp; Marques, O. A. V." pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="1 - 93" refId="ref46397" refString="Guedes, T. B., Nogueira, C. &amp; Marques, O. A. V. (2014) Diversity, natural history, and geographic distribution of snakes in the Caatinga, Northeastern Brazil. Zootaxa, 3863 (1), 1 - 93. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3863.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">
Guedes 
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFADF9749FAB3EFD5" box="[1315,1360,378,402]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">et al</emphasis>
., 2014: 3863
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(in part); 
<treatmentCitation id="0A93B50CFFECD14EFE9C97ABFDB6EFF6" author="Ribeiro M. M. &amp; Lima G. S. T. &amp; Oliveira D. V. &amp; Freire E. M. X." box="[352,597,409,433]" page="339" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="2014">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3EEECFFECD14EFE9C97ABFDB6EFF6" author="Ribeiro M. M. &amp; Lima G. S. T. &amp; Oliveira D. V. &amp; Freire E. M. X." box="[352,597,409,433]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="339" refId="ref49581" refString="Ribeiro M. M., Lima G. S. T., Oliveira D. V. &amp; Freire E. M. X. (2014) Leptophis ahaetulla (Parrot Snake). Diet. Herpetological Review, 45 (2), 339." type="journal article" year="2014">
Ribeiro 
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFE4F97A8FE3CEFF6" box="[435,479,409,433]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">et al</emphasis>
. 2014: 339
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="0A93B50CFFECD14EFDA397ABFCDFEFF6" author="Silva M. B. &amp; Carvalho L. S. &amp; Rodrigues V." box="[607,828,409,433]" page="443" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="2015">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3EEECFFECD14EFDA397ABFCDFEFF6" author="Silva M. B. &amp; Carvalho L. S. &amp; Rodrigues V." box="[607,828,409,433]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="437 - 455" refId="ref50229" refString="Silva M. B., Carvalho L. S. &amp; Rodrigues V. (2015) Reptiles in an ecotonal area in northern State of Piaui, Brazil. Boletim do Museu de Biologia Mello Leitao, 37, 437 - 455." type="journal article" year="2015">
Silva 
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFD6697A8FD24EFF6" box="[666,711,409,433]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">et al</emphasis>
. 2015: 443
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="0A93B50CFFECD14EFCBB97ABFB76EFF6" author="Roberto I. J. &amp; Loebmann J. P." box="[839,1173,409,433]" page="142" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="2016">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3EEECFFECD14EFCBB97ABFB76EFF6" author="Roberto I. J. &amp; Loebmann J. P." box="[839,1173,409,433]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="134 - 152" refId="ref49709" refString="Roberto I. J. &amp; Loebmann J. P. (2016) Composition, distribution patterns, and conservation priority areas for the herpetofauna of the state of Ceara, northeastern Brazil. Salamandra, 52 (2), 134 - 152." type="journal article" year="2016">Roberto &amp; Loebmann 2016: 142</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="0A93B50CFFECD14EFB6397ABFF13EF97" author="Pereira Filho, G. A. &amp; Vieira W. L. S. &amp; Alves R. R. N. &amp; Franca F. G. R." page="141" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="2017">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3EEECFFECD14EFB6397ABFF13EF97" author="Pereira Filho, G. A. &amp; Vieira W. L. S. &amp; Alves R. R. N. &amp; Franca F. G. R." pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refId="ref49241" refString="Pereira Filho, G. A., Vieira W. L. S., Alves R. R. N. &amp; Franca F. G. R. (2017) Serpentes da Paraiba: Diversidade e Conservacao. Edicao do Autor, Joao Pessoa, 316 pp." type="book" year="2017">
Pereira Filho 
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFAD597A8FAB5EFF6" box="[1321,1366,409,433]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">et al</emphasis>
. 2017: 141
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D931DFFECD14EFF6B97E4FD4DEFA9" blockId="26.[151,1437,256,589]" box="[151,686,470,494]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB22B433FFECD14EFF6B97E4FD4DEFA9" box="[151,686,470,494]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFECD14EFF6B97E4FE69EFA9" ID-CoL="3TT2M" authorityName=", Oliver" authorityYear="1942" box="[151,394,470,494]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Leptophis" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ahaetulla">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFF6B97E4FF18EFA9" box="[151,251,470,494]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Leptophis</emphasis>
aff. 
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFED697E4FE69EFA9" box="[298,394,470,494]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">ahaetulla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
— 
<treatmentCitation id="0A93B50CFFECD14EFE5F97E4FD49EFA9" author="Borges-Nojosa, D. M." box="[419,682,470,494]" page="236" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="2007">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3EEECFFECD14EFE5F97E4FD49EFA9" author="Borges-Nojosa, D. M." box="[419,682,470,494]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refId="ref43631" refString="Borges-Nojosa, D. M. (2007) Diversidade de anfibios e repteis da Serra de Baturite, Ceara. In: Oliveira, T. S. &amp; Araujo, F. S. (Eds.), Diversidade e Conservacao da Biota na Serra de Baturite, Ceara. Vol. 1. Edicoes UFC, Fortaleza, pp. 224 - 247." type="book" year="2007">Borges-Nojosa 2007: 236</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D931DFFECD14EFF6B97C7FD3CEC4A" blockId="26.[151,1437,256,589]" box="[151,735,501,525]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFF6B97C7FF12EC4A" box="[151,241,501,525]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Leptophi</emphasis>
s gr. 
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFECD14EFEDE97C7FE61EC4A" authorityName=", Oliver" authorityYear="1942" box="[290,386,501,525]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Leptophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ahaetulla">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFEDE97C7FE61EC4A" box="[290,386,501,525]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">ahaetulla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
— 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3EEECFFECD14EFE6797C7FD38EC4A" author="Borges-Nojosa, D. M. &amp; Prado, F. M. V. &amp; Borges-Leite, M. J. &amp; Gurgel-Filho, N. M. &amp; Bacalini, P." box="[411,731,501,525]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refId="ref43699" refString="Borges-Nojosa, D. M., Prado, F. M. V., Borges-Leite, M. J., Gurgel-Filho, N. M. &amp; Bacalini, P. (2010) Avaliacao do impacto do manejo florestal sustentavel na herpetofauna de duas areas de caatinga nos municipios de Caucaia e Pacajus no Estado do Ceara. In: Gariglio, M. A., Sampaio, E. V. S. B., Cestaro, L. A. &amp; Kageyama, P. Y. (Eds.), Uso Sustentavel e Conservacao dos Recursos Florestais da Caatinga. Vol. 1. Servico Florestal Brasileiro, Brasilia, pp. 315 - 330." type="book" year="2010">
Borges-Nojosa 
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFDC597C4FD86EC4A" box="[569,613,501,525]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">et al</emphasis>
. 2010: 324
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D931DFFECD14EFF6B9426FB1AEC0D" blockId="26.[151,1437,256,589]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB22B433FFECD14EFF6B9426FB1AEC0D" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<treatmentCitation id="0A93B50CFFECD14EFF6B9426FC4CEC6B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6630839" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6630839" author="Albuquerque, N. R. &amp; Santos, F. M. &amp; Borges-Nojosa, D. &amp; Avila, R. W." box="[151,943,532,558]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039B220BFFECD14FFF6B96A5FEB3ED7E" page="10" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="2022">
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFECD14EFF6B9426FC4CEC6B" ID-CoL="C7MN9" authority="Albuquerque, Santos, Borges-Nojosa &amp; Avila 2022: 10" authorityName="Albuquerque, Santos, Borges-Nojosa &amp; Avila" authorityPageNumber="10" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,943,532,558]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Leptophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dibernardoi">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFF6B9426FE9AEC6B" box="[151,377,532,556]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Leptophis dibernardoi</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B5A9940FFECD14EFE829426FC4CEC6B" box="[382,943,532,558]" collectionCode="CHUFC" country="Brazil" elevation="28" latitude="-3.8308332" location="Fortaleza" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-38.48611" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="CHUFC 1104" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ceara" typeStatus="holotype">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3EEECFFECD14EFE829426FC4CEC6B" author="Albuquerque, N. R. &amp; Santos, F. M. &amp; Borges-Nojosa, D. &amp; Avila, R. W." box="[382,943,532,558]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="7 - 24" refId="ref42720" refString="Albuquerque, N. R., Santos, F. M., Borges-Nojosa, D. &amp; Avila, R. W. (2022) A new species of parrot-snake of the genus Leptophis Bell, 1825 (Serpentes, Colubridae) from the semi-arid region of Brazil. The South American Journal of Herpetology, 23 (1), 7 - 24. https: // doi. org / 10.2994 / SAJH-D- 19 - 00113.1" type="journal article" year="2022">Albuquerque, Santos, Borges-Nojosa &amp; Ávila 2022: 10</bibRefCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. Male 
<typeStatus id="54892DBFFFECD14EFC0F9426FBAFEC6B" box="[1011,1100,532,556]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<specimenCode id="DB943B66FFECD14EFBA49426FB0AEC6B" box="[1112,1257,532,556]" collectionCode="CHUFC" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">CHUFC 1104</specimenCode>
; examined). Type locality: Messejana (
<geoCoordinate id="EE06F5DAFFECD14EFE659406FDF2EC0A" box="[409,529,564,589]" degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="15" seconds="51" value="-3.8308332">03°49ʹ51″S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE06F5DAFFECD14EFDE79406FD79EC0A" box="[539,666,564,589]" degrees="38" direction="west" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="15" seconds="10" value="-38.48611">38°29ʹ10″W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<elevation id="001F742EFFECD14EFD589400FD1FEC0D" box="[676,764,562,586]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="28.0">
<quantity id="4CCA3EF8FFECD14EFD589400FD34EC0D" box="[676,727,562,586]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="28.0">28 m</quantity>
asl
</elevation>
), municipality of 
<location id="8EEDC5C6FFECD14EFC4C9400FBF2EC0D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039B220BFFECD14FFF6B96A5FEB3ED7E:8EEDC5C6FFECD14EFC4C9400FBF2EC0D" box="[944,1041,562,586]" country="Brazil" latitude="-3.8308332" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-38.48611" name="Fortaleza" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" stateProvince="Ceara">Fortaleza</location>
, state of 
<collectingRegion id="49F65DFFFFECD14EFB909400FB49EC0D" box="[1132,1194,562,586]" country="Brazil" name="Ceara" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Ceará</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F325D38DFFECD14EFB4F9400FB17EC0D" box="[1203,1268,562,586]" name="Brazil" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C328C096FFECD14FFF6B944AFE68EFB2" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B8D931DFFECD14EFF6B944AFD16EDC9" blockId="26.[151,1437,632,911]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFF6B944AFEF1ECD5" bold="true" box="[151,274,632,658]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFECD14EFEE7944AFDFBECD5" authorityName="Albuquerque, Santos, Borges-Nojosa &amp; Avila" authorityYear="2022" box="[283,536,632,658]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Leptophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dibernardoi">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFEE7944AFDFBECD5" box="[283,536,632,658]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Leptophis dibernardoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from its congeners by the following unique combination of character states: 
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFE8A94AEFE75ECF1" bold="true" box="[374,406,668,694]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">(1)</emphasis>
head scales not edged with black and with no black spots; 
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFBBE94AEFB80ECF1" bold="true" box="[1090,1123,668,694]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">(2)</emphasis>
adult color pattern with no dark dorsal bands; 
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFE9394F2FE73EC9D" bold="true" box="[367,400,704,730]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">(3)</emphasis>
two dorsolateral stripes separated from each other by vertebral stripe one to one and a half scales wide in adults, at least anteriorly; 
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFDA694D6FD98ECB9" bold="true" box="[602,635,740,766]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">(4)</emphasis>
dorsals keeled, except first dorsal row on each side; keels not black; 
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFA8094D6FA7FECB9" bold="true" box="[1404,1436,740,766]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">(5)</emphasis>
no loreal scale; 
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFEB6953AFE88ED65" bold="true" box="[330,363,776,802]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">(6)</emphasis>
ventrals 
<quantity id="4CCA3EF8FFECD14EFE2F953AFDB0ED65" box="[467,595,776,803]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1783" metricValueMax="4.3434" metricValueMin="4.013199999999999" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="in" value="164.5" valueMax="171.0" valueMin="158.0">158–171 in</quantity>
males, 
<quantity id="4CCA3EF8FFECD14EFD57953AFCC8ED65" box="[683,811,776,802]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2799" metricValueMax="4.4958" metricValueMin="4.064" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="in" value="168.5" valueMax="177.0" valueMin="160.0">160–177 in</quantity>
females; 
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFC65953AFC59ED65" bold="true" box="[921,954,776,802]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">(7)</emphasis>
subcaudals 
<quantity id="4CCA3EF8FFECD14EFBB9953AFB26ED65" box="[1093,1221,776,802]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7719" metricValueMax="4.064" metricValueMin="3.4798" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="in" value="148.5" valueMax="160.0" valueMin="137.0">137–160 in</quantity>
males, 
<quantity id="4CCA3EF8FFECD14EFAE1953AFA7FED65" box="[1309,1436,776,802]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8862" metricValueMax="4.1148" metricValueMin="3.6576" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="in" value="153.0" valueMax="162.0" valueMin="144.0">144–162 in</quantity>
females; 
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFF02951EFEFDED01" bold="true" box="[254,286,812,838]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">(8)</emphasis>
dorsal scales of tail keeled until point at which reduction from six to four scales occurs; 
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFAF5951EFAC9ED01" bold="true" box="[1289,1322,812,838]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">(9)</emphasis>
maxillary teeth 21–24; 
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFED59562FEB4ED2D" bold="true" box="[297,343,848,874]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">(10)</emphasis>
TL/SVL: 95% CI = 
<geoCoordinate id="EE06F5DAFFECD14EFDC29562FD9EED2C" box="[574,637,848,875]" degrees="0.585" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="55" value="0.585">0.585</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE06F5DAFFECD14EFD819562FD2AED2C" box="[637,713,848,875]" degrees="0.611" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="55" value="-0.611">–0.611</geoCoordinate>
(n = 24); 
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFCCB9562FC87ED2D" bold="true" box="[823,868,848,874]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">(11)</emphasis>
small spines at first basal row of hemipenial body; 
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFF6B9546FF26EDC9" bold="true" box="[151,197,884,910]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">(12)</emphasis>
asulcate side of hemipenis similar to sulcate side.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF4DC395FFECD14EFF6B9124FE1EE912" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6631004" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6631004" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6631004/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" startId="26.[151,250,1814,1838]" targetBox="[151,1436,934,1790]" targetPageId="26">
<paragraph id="8B8D931DFFECD14EFF6B9124FE1EE912" blockId="26.[151,1436,1814,1877]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFF6B9124FEC3E969" bold="true" box="[151,288,1814,1838]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">FIGURE 15.</emphasis>
Color pattern and color tones of 
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFECD14EFD899124FC67E968" authority=": An" authorityName="An" box="[629,900,1814,1839]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Leptophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dibernardoi">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFD899124FCBBE969" box="[629,856,1814,1838]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Leptophis dibernardoi</emphasis>
: An
</taxonomicName>
uncataloged CHUFC female from Parnaíba, state of Piauí, Brazil. Photo by R.W. Ávila.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8D931DFFECD14FFF3B91B2FE68EFB2" blockId="26.[151,1436,1920,2020]" lastBlockId="27.[151,1437,151,825]" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFF3B91B2FE8EE9DD" bold="true" box="[199,365,1920,1946]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Comparisons.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFECD14EFE8A91B3FD91E9DC" box="[374,626,1921,1947]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Leptophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dibernardoi">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFE8A91B3FD91E9DC" box="[374,626,1921,1947]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Leptophis dibernardoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished from all members of the 
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFECD14EFBAD91B0FB38E9DC" authorityName=", Oliver" authorityYear="1942" box="[1105,1243,1921,1947]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Leptophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ahaetulla">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFBAD91B0FB38E9DC" box="[1105,1243,1921,1947]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">L. ahaetulla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex, except 
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFECD14EFF6B9194FEC3E9F8" authorityName=", Oliver" authorityYear="1942" box="[151,288,1957,1983]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Leptophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ahaetulla">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFF6B9194FEC3E9F8" box="[151,288,1957,1983]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">L. ahaetulla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, by having two dorsolateral stripes separated from each other by a vertebral stripe extending onto the tail (vs. no dorsolateral stripes). 
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFECD14EFDF991FBFCE3E9A4" box="[517,768,1993,2019]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Leptophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dibernardoi">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFDF991FBFCE3E9A4" box="[517,768,1993,2019]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Leptophis dibernardoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFECD14EFC6991F8FBFEE9A4" authorityName=", Oliver" authorityYear="1942" box="[917,1053,1993,2019]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Leptophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ahaetulla">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFC6991F8FC46E9A4" box="[917,933,1994,2019]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFECD14EFC4F91FBFBFEE9A4" box="[947,1053,1993,2019]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">ahaetulla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in its dorsal coloration, with both species sharing the pattern of two green dorsolateral stripes separated by a vertebral stripe, at least anteriorly. However, in life, the first (on the anterior region of trunk) to fourth (middle to posterior region) dorsal scale rows are White to Pale Sulphur Yellow (92) in 
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFEDD14FFDC696EDFD3FEEBE" box="[570,732,223,249]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Leptophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dibernardoi">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFEDD14FFDC696EDFDA9EEBF" box="[570,586,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFEDD14FFDAB96EDFD3FEEBE" box="[599,732,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">dibernardoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(vs. second to fourth rows Sulphur Yellow [80]). The Jet Black (300) postocular stripe is wider in 
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFEDD14FFDD89731FD2AEF5A" box="[548,713,259,285]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Leptophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dibernardoi">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFEDD14FFDD89731FDD7EF5B" box="[548,564,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFEDD14FFDB89731FD2AEF5A" box="[580,713,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">dibernardoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than in 
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFEDD14FFCD69731FC50EF5A" authorityName=", Oliver" authorityYear="1942" box="[810,947,259,285]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Leptophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ahaetulla">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFEDD14FFCD69731FCD9EF5B" box="[810,826,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFEDD14FFCB59731FC50EF5A" box="[841,947,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">ahaetulla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, occupying the lower half or two-thirds of the anterior temporal and most of the lower posterior temporal (vs. lower edge of the anterior temporal, with lower edge to one-third of lower posterior temporal pigmented). The snout is wider and shorter in 
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFEDD14FFB589779FAA4EF22" box="[1188,1351,331,357]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Leptophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dibernardoi">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFEDD14FFB589779FAA4EF22" box="[1188,1351,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">L. dibernardoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than in 
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFEDD14FFF6B975DFEC3EFCE" authorityName=", Oliver" authorityYear="1942" box="[151,288,367,393]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Leptophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ahaetulla">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFEDD14FFF6B975DFEC3EFCE" box="[151,288,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">L. ahaetulla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In life, the dorsal background color of 
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFEDD14FFD17975DFC6CEFCE" box="[747,911,367,393]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Leptophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dibernardoi">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFEDD14FFD17975DFC6CEFCE" box="[747,911,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">L. dibernardoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is Light Emerald Green (142) to Robin’s Egg Blue (161) (vs. Light Grass Green [109] to Light Emerald Green [142] in 
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFEDD14FFC2397A1FB84EFEA" authorityName=", Oliver" authorityYear="1942" box="[991,1127,403,429]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Leptophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ahaetulla">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFEDD14FFC2397A1FB84EFEA" box="[991,1127,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">L. ahaetulla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). It is further distinguished from the occasionally sympatric 
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFEDD14FFDF69785FD6DEF96" baseAuthorityName="CZGB" baseAuthorityYear="1149" box="[522,654,439,465]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Leptophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="liocercus">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFEDD14FFDF69785FDF9EF97" box="[522,538,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFEDD14FFDD49785FD6DEF96" box="[552,654,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">liocercus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having supracephalic scales not edged with black (vs. edged with black, 
<figureCitation id="13098F98FFEDD14FFF1E97E9FEB0EFB2" box="[226,339,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1850,1874]" captionTargetBox="[157,1431,957,1826]" captionTargetId="figure-464@28.[157,1431,957,1826]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 16. Color pattern and color tones of Leptophis liocercus: Male holotype AMNH 3531, SVL 1144 mm (incomplete tail), from an unspecified locality in the tropical forests of Brazil. Dorsal (A) and (B) ventral views of the head; dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views of the holotype. Scale bars = 0.5 cm. Photos by N.R. Albuquerque." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6631006" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6631006/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs. 16A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13098F98FFEDD14FFEA297E9FE9EEFB2" box="[350,381,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,181,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-18@29.[153,1433,181,1875]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 17. Color pattern and color tones of Leptophis liocercus: (A) MZUFV 2082, SVL 1594 mm, a female from Linhares, Espírito Santo. Note the head scales slightly edged with black (indicated by the arrow); (B) IBSP 88574, SVL 1072 mm, a female from the municipality of São Mateus, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Photos by M.R. Moura (A) and R.D. Moysés (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6631008" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6631008/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">17</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C328C096FFEDD14FFF3B97CCFBD4ECC2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8D931DFFEDD14FFF3B97CCFF00EC7A" blockId="27.[151,1437,151,825]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFEDD14FFF3B97CCFD84EC5F" bold="true" box="[199,615,510,537]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Variation and sexual dimorphism.</emphasis>
We refer to 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3EEECFFEDD14FFD0197CDFBC9EC5E" author="Albuquerque, N. R. &amp; Santos, F. M. &amp; Borges-Nojosa, D. &amp; Avila, R. W." box="[765,1066,511,537]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="7 - 24" refId="ref42720" refString="Albuquerque, N. R., Santos, F. M., Borges-Nojosa, D. &amp; Avila, R. W. (2022) A new species of parrot-snake of the genus Leptophis Bell, 1825 (Serpentes, Colubridae) from the semi-arid region of Brazil. The South American Journal of Herpetology, 23 (1), 7 - 24. https: // doi. org / 10.2994 / SAJH-D- 19 - 00113.1" type="journal article" year="2022">
Albuquerque 
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFEDD14FFC6697CDFC36EC5E" box="[922,981,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
(2022)
</bibRefCitation>
for variation and sexual dimorphism.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D931DFFEDD14FFF3B9474FB3FEC26" blockId="27.[151,1437,151,825]" box="[199,1244,582,609]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFEDD14FFF3B9474FE0CEC26" bold="true" box="[199,495,582,609]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Hemipenial morphology.</emphasis>
We refer to 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3EEECFFEDD14FFD849475FC78EC26" author="Albuquerque, N. R. &amp; Santos, F. M. &amp; Borges-Nojosa, D. &amp; Avila, R. W." box="[632,923,583,609]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="7 - 24" refId="ref42720" refString="Albuquerque, N. R., Santos, F. M., Borges-Nojosa, D. &amp; Avila, R. W. (2022) A new species of parrot-snake of the genus Leptophis Bell, 1825 (Serpentes, Colubridae) from the semi-arid region of Brazil. The South American Journal of Herpetology, 23 (1), 7 - 24. https: // doi. org / 10.2994 / SAJH-D- 19 - 00113.1" type="journal article" year="2022">
Albuquerque 
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFEDD14FFCEE9475FCA9EC26" box="[786,842,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
(2022)
</bibRefCitation>
for hemipenial morphology.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D931DFFEDD14FFF3B9458FBD4ECC2" blockId="27.[151,1437,151,825]" box="[199,1079,618,645]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFEDD14FFF3B9458FE79ECC3" bold="true" box="[199,410,618,644]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Coloration in life.</emphasis>
We refer to 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3EEECFFEDD14FFDD89459FCA4ECC2" author="Albuquerque, N. R. &amp; Santos, F. M. &amp; Borges-Nojosa, D. &amp; Avila, R. W." box="[548,839,619,645]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="7 - 24" refId="ref42720" refString="Albuquerque, N. R., Santos, F. M., Borges-Nojosa, D. &amp; Avila, R. W. (2022) A new species of parrot-snake of the genus Leptophis Bell, 1825 (Serpentes, Colubridae) from the semi-arid region of Brazil. The South American Journal of Herpetology, 23 (1), 7 - 24. https: // doi. org / 10.2994 / SAJH-D- 19 - 00113.1" type="journal article" year="2022">
Albuquerque 
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFEDD14FFD419459FD16ECC2" box="[701,757,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
(2022)
</bibRefCitation>
for coloration in life.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C328C096FFEDD14FFF3B94BCFA6AECEE" box="[199,1417,654,681]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B8D931DFFEDD14FFF3B94BCFA6AECEE" blockId="27.[151,1437,151,825]" box="[199,1417,654,681]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFEDD14FFF3B94BCFDADECEF" bold="true" box="[199,590,654,681]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Distribution and natural history.</emphasis>
We refer to 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3EEECFFEDD14FFD2B94BDFC19ECEE" author="Albuquerque, N. R. &amp; Santos, F. M. &amp; Borges-Nojosa, D. &amp; Avila, R. W." box="[727,1018,655,681]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="7 - 24" refId="ref42720" refString="Albuquerque, N. R., Santos, F. M., Borges-Nojosa, D. &amp; Avila, R. W. (2022) A new species of parrot-snake of the genus Leptophis Bell, 1825 (Serpentes, Colubridae) from the semi-arid region of Brazil. The South American Journal of Herpetology, 23 (1), 7 - 24. https: // doi. org / 10.2994 / SAJH-D- 19 - 00113.1" type="journal article" year="2022">
Albuquerque 
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFEDD14FFC8D94BDFC4AECEE" box="[881,937,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
(2022)
</bibRefCitation>
for distribution and natural history.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C328C096FFEDD14FFF3B9481FEB3ED7E" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8D931DFFEDD14FFF3B9481FEB3ED7E" blockId="27.[151,1437,151,825]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFEDD14FFF3B9481FED8EC8A" bold="true" box="[199,315,691,717]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Remarks.</emphasis>
Prior to its recognition as a distinct species, several studies (see cresonymy above) had already recorded 
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFEDD14FFF1694E5FE00ECB6" box="[234,483,727,753]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Leptophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dibernardoi">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFEDD14FFF1694E5FE00ECB6" box="[234,483,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Leptophis dibernardoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as 
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFEDD14FFDFB94E5FD6DECB6" authorityName=", Oliver" authorityYear="1942" box="[519,654,727,753]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Leptophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ahaetulla">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFEDD14FFDFB94E5FDF4ECB7" box="[519,535,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">L</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFEDD14FFDD894E5FD6DECB6" box="[548,654,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">ahaetulla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3EEECFFEDD14FFCF094E5FBCEECB6" author="Albuquerque, N. R. &amp; Santos, F. M. &amp; Borges-Nojosa, D. &amp; Avila, R. W." box="[780,1069,727,753]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="7 - 24" refId="ref42720" refString="Albuquerque, N. R., Santos, F. M., Borges-Nojosa, D. &amp; Avila, R. W. (2022) A new species of parrot-snake of the genus Leptophis Bell, 1825 (Serpentes, Colubridae) from the semi-arid region of Brazil. The South American Journal of Herpetology, 23 (1), 7 - 24. https: // doi. org / 10.2994 / SAJH-D- 19 - 00113.1" type="journal article" year="2022">
Albuquerque 
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFEDD14FFC5994E5FC36ECB6" box="[933,981,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">et al</emphasis>
. (2022)
</bibRefCitation>
recognized the composite nature of 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3EEECFFEDD14FFF4B94C9FE86ED52" author="Oliver, J. A." box="[183,357,763,789]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="157 - 280" refId="ref48705" refString="Oliver, J. A. (1948) The relationships and zoogeography of the genus Thalerophis Oliver. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 92, 157 - 280." type="journal article" year="1948">Oliver’s (1948)</bibRefCitation>
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFEDD14FFE9294C9FE3BED52" authorityName=", Oliver" authorityYear="1942" box="[366,472,763,789]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Leptophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ahaetulla">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFEDD14FFE9294C9FE3BED52" box="[366,472,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">ahaetulla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and documented the existence of a new species apparently endemic to the semi-arid region of 
<collectingCountry id="F325D38DFFEDD14FFEF8952DFEAFED7E" box="[260,332,799,825]" name="Brazil" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>