plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/03/BF/70/03BF702A9521FFE4FDE5FA07776AFBB2.xml

355 lines
48 KiB
XML
Raw Normal View History

added 03
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00
<document id="436412C352F87509E7CF44EFC28D43DC" ID-CLB-Dataset="8839" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4906.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="308129a3-a99f-4012-bb41-d3220692c398" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4434000" ID-ZooBank="09383AAD-8E30-4E50-A533-C6DA4D00E33C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="tatiana" checkinTime="1610443640918" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lobato-Vila, Irene &amp; Pujade-Villar, Juli" docDate="2021" docId="03BF702A9521FFE4FDE5FA07776AFBB2" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4906.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4906 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Synergus distinctus McCracken &amp; Egbert 1922" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="39" masterDocId="FF8608529505FFC2FD72FF84736DFE73" masterDocTitle="The genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) in the New World: a complete taxonomic revision with a key to species" masterLastPageNumber="121" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="37" updateTime="1701082448047" updateUser="tatiana">
<mods:mods id="13C6675BF8A46A03014546DD1164501A" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="343B5AF93889ED1875CB6C9DD3631584">
<mods:title id="5F00758957AF121330622819CFD26A57">The genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) in the New World: a complete taxonomic revision with a key to species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="B2988CA0E8991B4BB8D23EB27863C594" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F4B5D8C310CFF536FCEE02D6D5BC09EA">
<mods:roleTerm id="57BCD0AA642B9D3DB208C85C8C537F51">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="161522C169848E0362D7E67483322157">Lobato-Vila, Irene</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="AABA247C0A657CDEB67B4D6988836D4F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="2AB5B63CE5DBCD3FBD5391932A1548E0">
<mods:roleTerm id="477DE9D6BCA5203718D15026DA2D6EB3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="CE71B10AF3314F6AA38CFDCB634D0C31">Pujade-Villar, Juli</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="0DCD7867743FF405D73282299FCAE08D" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7798-2717</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="63DCDA75152053A38E157ECD64653A9F" type="email">jpujade@ub.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="6159861FFAD62E22E684C3128F36A83B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="54250ABC659370DDFE203A0136900701" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="C3CD7B29B66244CAF3DF924205CBEBEC">
<mods:title id="6591C0D278F4466C1F76FB98F009040E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="51DE06A5B9D3F7ABB54C988483582631">
<mods:date id="D16BDB48F787A4E31E3CAE0950E04A64">2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="EC68890C8B5E07D422C42EA910F581A1" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="027FA9737CE8EC44A96CF9106427550E">2021-01-12</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="1684294F5167FB6D3075061B54C9A992" type="volume">
<mods:number id="2519C9C08EA99C8E5B26CD14067E61B0">4906</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="D1ACA9A5571A8A48E34B586153AD7CED" type="issue">
<mods:number id="F1858A3EBB13558EFFB2E005730F6138">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="00DB51121998904AD8BB429921AC5007" unit="page">
<mods:start id="5A15C05F3116C317F45360B637E4C62E">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="1BB97E9E4ED9A29F9AD831E60277AA9E">121</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="05AB4CE8624C327F16D9659D32A1BD93">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="3AC0BB409726A4C959A285CFBAAEAEDF" type="CLB-Dataset">8839</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="BFC5C1178030CE78FEF8DC1676AB9F54" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4906.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C5745F81CA3BFA7FE29FCD9713169685" type="GBIF-Dataset">308129a3-a99f-4012-bb41-d3220692c398</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="4710D9FFE56EBE3A7A60FD093DA9A353" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="4B8E21CE110F3367EFBE4584CEAEF30B" type="Zenodo-Dep">4434000</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="237FC717BC5FA503849E8C14436E2801" type="ZooBank">09383AAD-8E30-4E50-A533-C6DA4D00E33C</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03BF702A9521FFE4FDE5FA07776AFBB2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4447534" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177005178" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4447534" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BF702A9521FFE4FDE5FA07776AFBB2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BF702A9521FFE4FDE5FA07776AFBB2" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79521FFE6FDE5FA077188FBEF" box="[151,741,1410,1437]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9521FFE6FDE5FA077188FBEF" blockId="36.[151,741,1410,1473]" box="[151,741,1410,1437]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<heading id="D0E176509521FFE6FDE5FA077188FBEF" bold="true" box="[151,741,1410,1437]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9521FFE6FDE5FA077188FBEF" authority="McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[151,741,1410,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9521FFE6FDE5FA077188FBEF" bold="true" box="[151,741,1410,1437]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9521FFE6FDE5FA0772EEFBEE" bold="true" box="[151,387,1410,1437]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Synergus distinctus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9521FFE6FCF8FA067188FBEF" author="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D." box="[394,741,1410,1437]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref104185" refString="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79521FFE6FDE5FA23727BFBB2" box="[151,278,1447,1473]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9521FFE6FDE5FA23727BFBB2" blockId="36.[151,741,1410,1473]" box="[151,278,1447,1473]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
(
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99521FFE6FDEDFA237263FBB2" box="[159,270,1447,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-452@37.[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 12. Synergus distinctus (female paralectotype, Paratype No. 24502 USNM): a) detail of the metasomal punctuation; b) lateral habitus; c) mesosoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434036" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434036/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Figure 12</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79521FFE6FDE5FA6F71ECF851" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9521FFE6FDE5FA6F71ECF851" blockId="36.[151,1436,1515,1570]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9521FFE6FDE5FA6F7110F870" authority="McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[151,637,1515,1539]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9521FFE6FDE5FA6F7237F870" box="[151,346,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Synergus distinctus</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B7ECB619521FFE6FC13FA6F7110F870" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019422411" box="[353,637,1515,1539]" collectionCode="CAS" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9521FFE6FC13FA6F7110F870" author="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D." box="[353,637,1515,1539]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref104185" refString="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Stanford Univ., Pubs., Univ. Ser. Biol. Sci. 3 (1): 58. Type material: CAS (
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9521FFE6F807FA6F7267F851" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
),
<materialsCitation id="3B7ECB619521FFE6FC6EF98E7113F851" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019422389" box="[284,638,1546,1570]" collectionCode="CAS, USNM" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9521FFE6FC6EF98E72C3F851" box="[284,430,1546,1570]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="paralectotype">paralectotypes</typeStatus>
in
<collectionCode id="ED0759F99521FFE6FCBCF98E7292F851" box="[462,511,1546,1570]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
and
<collectionCode id="ED0759F99521FFE6FF43F98E7113F851" box="[561,638,1546,1570]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79521FFE7FDE5F9CF7089FF16" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9521FFE7FDE5F9CF7089FF16" blockId="36.[151,1437,1610,2034]" lastBlockId="37.[151,1437,150,1149]" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9521FFE6FDE5F9CF72A6F817" bold="true" box="[151,459,1610,1637]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Type material (examined)</emphasis>
.
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9521FFE6FCABF9CF7114F816" box="[473,633,1611,1637]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59521FFE6FFF2F9CF71F8F816" box="[640,661,1611,1637]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
with the following labels: ‘L.S.Jr.U., Lot. 554, Sub. 22’ (white label) / ‘
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59521FFE6FDC2F9EB73AAF8FA" box="[176,199,1647,1673]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
Type’ (red label) / ‘
<collectingRegion id="49D20FDE9521FFE6FCD9F9EB714FF8FA" box="[427,546,1647,1673]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">California</collectingRegion>
Academy of Sciences, Type No. 5806’ (white label) / ‘
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9521FFE6F9E8F9EB7662F8FA" box="[1178,1295,1647,1673]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59521FFE6F86BF9EB7643F8FA" box="[1305,1326,1647,1673]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9521FFE6F845F9EB712CF8DE" authority="McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9521FFE6F845F9EB726FF8DE" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Synergus distinctus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9521FFE6FC7BF917712CF8DE" author="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D." box="[265,577,1683,1709]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref104185" refString="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, IL-V desig-2019’ (red label).
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9521FFE6FEE6F91777E6F8DE" box="[916,1163,1683,1709]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="paralectotype">PARALECTOTYPES</typeStatus>
(2ϐ &amp;
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59521FFE6F992F917766EF8DE" box="[1248,1283,1683,1709]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
) with the following labels: ‘L.S.Jr.U., Lot. 554, Sub. 22 ϐ’ (white label) / ‘ϐ Type’ (red label) / ‘
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9521FFE6F94FF9337679F8A2" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[1085,1300,1719,1745]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9521FFE6F94FF9337679F8A2" box="[1085,1300,1719,1745]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Synergus distinctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
McC &amp; Eg’ (white label with a red frame, handwritten) / ‘
<collectingRegion id="49D20FDE9521FFE6FFF9F95F706FF886" box="[651,770,1755,1781]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">California</collectingRegion>
Academy of Sciences, Type No. 5806’ (white label) / ‘
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9521FFE6F82EF95F7393F96A" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
ϐ
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9521FFE6FC53F97B7056F96A" authority="McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[289,827,1791,1817]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9521FFE6FC53F97B7294F96A" box="[289,505,1791,1817]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Synergus distinctus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9521FFE6FF72F97B7056F96A" author="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D." box="[512,827,1791,1817]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref104185" refString="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, IL-V desig-2019’ (red label) (1ϐ, deposited in
<collectionCode id="ED0759F99521FFE6F827F97B76FDF96A" box="[1365,1424,1791,1817]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
); ‘L.S.Jr.U., Lot. 554, Sub. 22’ (white label) / ‘I. McCracken Col.’ (white label) / ‘Paratype’ (yellow label) / ‘Ex gall of
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9521FFE6FDC4F8C37213F913" box="[182,382,1863,1889]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Cynips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canescens">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9521FFE6FDC4F8C37213F913" box="[182,382,1863,1889]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Cynips canescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9521FFE6FFBEF8C3705EF912" box="[716,819,1863,1889]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
No. 24502
<collectingCountry id="F30181AC9521FFE6FECBF8C37085F912" box="[953,1000,1863,1889]" name="United States of America" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">U.S.</collectingCountry>
N.M’ (red label) / ‘
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9521FFE6F9B1F8C376F1F912" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[1219,1436,1863,1889]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9521FFE6F9B1F8C376F1F912" box="[1219,1436,1863,1889]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Synergus distinctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
McC &amp; Eg’ (white label with a red frame, handwritten) / ‘
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9521FFE6FE7FF8EF70C6F9F6" box="[781,939,1899,1925]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59521FFE6FEC2F8EF70A8F9F6" box="[944,965,1899,1925]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9521FFE6FEB9F8EF73BFF9DA" authority="McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9521FFE6FEB9F8EF77CCF9F6" box="[971,1185,1899,1925]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Synergus distinctus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9521FFE6F9D5F8EF73BFF9DA" author="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D." pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref104185" refString="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, IL-V desig-2019’ (red label) (
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59521FFE6FF42F80B713CF9DA" box="[560,593,1935,1961]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, deposited in
<collectionCode id="ED0759F99521FFE6FF9DF80B7028F9DA" box="[751,837,1935,1961]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
); ‘L.S.Jr.U., Lot. 554, Sub. 22’ (white label) / ‘I. Mc-Cracken Col.’(white label) / ‘Paratype’(yellow label) / ‘
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9521FFE6FE72F837700AF9BE" box="[768,871,1971,1997]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
No. 24502
<collectingCountry id="F30181AC9521FFE6FE9AF837777AF9BE" box="[1000,1047,1971,1997]" name="United States of America" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">U.S.</collectingCountry>
N.M’(red label) / ‘
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9521FFE6F996F83776EFF9BE" box="[1252,1410,1971,1997]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59521FFE6F8F5F83776F1F9BE" box="[1415,1436,1971,1997]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9521FFE6FDE5F85371C1F982" authority="McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[151,684,2007,2033]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9521FFE6FDE5F8537203F982" box="[151,366,2007,2033]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Synergus distinctus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9521FFE6FC06F85371C1F982" author="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D." box="[372,684,2007,2033]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref104185" refString="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, IL-V desig-2019’ (red label) (
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59521FFE6F970F853774EF982" box="[1026,1059,2007,2033]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, deposited in
<collectionCode id="ED0759F99521FFE6F9CFF853767EF982" box="[1213,1299,2007,2033]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
); ‘
<date id="FFA8E7FC9521FFE6F858F85276F5F982" box="[1322,1432,2006,2033]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="1915-03">Mar1915</date>
, Stan U Cal’ (white label) / ‘L.S.Jr.U., Lot. 554, Sub.
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59520FFE7FF86FF13705DFEC2" box="[756,816,151,177]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="female">22 ♀</specimenCount>
’ (white label) / ‘Paratype’ (yellow label) / ‘Beut. Coll, rec’d1934’ (white label) / ‘
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9520FFE7FCB2FF3F7133FEA6" box="[448,606,187,213]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59520FFE7FF17FF3F7117FEA6" box="[613,634,187,213]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9520FFE7FFF3FF3F77F7FEA6" authority="McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[641,1178,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9520FFE7FFF3FF3F7035FEA6" box="[641,856,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Synergus distinctus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9520FFE7FE12FF3F77F7FEA6" author="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D." box="[864,1178,187,213]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref104185" refString="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, IL-V desig-2019’ (red label) (
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59520FFE7FD9FFF5B7263FE8A" box="[237,270,223,249]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, deposited in
<collectionCode id="ED0759F99520FFE7FCC0FF5B7165FE8A" box="[434,520,223,249]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
); ‘
<date id="FFA8E7FC9520FFE7FF51FF5A71FCFE8A" box="[547,657,222,249]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1915-03">Mar1915</date>
, Stan U Cal’ (white label) / ‘L.S.Jr.U., Lot. 554, Sub.
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59520FFE7F87BFF5B762BFE8A" box="[1289,1350,223,249]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="female">22 ♀</specimenCount>
’ (white label) / ‘Paratype’ (yellow label) / ‘Beut. Coll, rec’d1934’ (white label) / ‘
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9520FFE7FEA4FE8777C3FF6E" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[982,1198,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9520FFE7FEA4FE8777C3FF6E" box="[982,1198,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Synergus distinctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Egbert’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘USNMENT 00960442’ (white label, QR code) / ‘
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9520FFE7FE07FEA3777EFF32" box="[885,1043,295,321]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9520FFE7F968FEA37246FF16" authority="McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9520FFE7F968FEA3779EFF32" box="[1050,1267,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Synergus distinctus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9520FFE7F98EFEA37246FF16" author="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D." pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref104185" refString="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken &amp; Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, IL-V desig-2019’ (red label) (1ϐ &amp;
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59520FFE7FFB8FECF7180FF16" box="[714,749,331,357]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, deposited in
<collectionCode id="ED0759F99520FFE7FEF8FECF70B0FF16" box="[906,989,331,357]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79520FFE7FDB5FEEA73BDFF85" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9520FFE7FDB5FEEA73BDFF85" blockId="37.[151,1437,150,1149]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9520FFE7FDB5FEEA7257FFFB" bold="true" box="[199,314,366,392]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Along with
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9520FFE7FCA6FEEB71D8FFFB" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1896" box="[468,693,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atripennis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9520FFE7FCA6FEEB71D8FFFB" box="[468,693,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Synergus atripennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see above),
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9520FFE7FE20FEEB70B6FFFA" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[850,987,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9520FFE7FE20FEEB70B6FFFA" box="[850,987,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">S. distinctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from the rest of species known within this genus from the New World by having smoky wings (commonly hyaline in
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9520FFE7F914FE1777A1FFDE" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[1126,1228,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9520FFE7F914FE1777A1FFDE" box="[1126,1228,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Synergus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The main differences between these two species have already been treated (see the diagnosis of
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9520FFE7F968FE3377C5FFA3" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1896" box="[1050,1192,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atripennis">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9520FFE7F968FE3377C5FFA3" box="[1050,1192,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">S. atripennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the identification key).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79520FFE4FDB5FE7A729FFD9E" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9520FFE7FDB5FE7A7200FC6B" blockId="37.[151,1437,150,1149]" box="[199,365,510,536]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9520FFE7FDB5FE7A7200FC6B" bold="true" box="[199,365,510,536]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Redescription</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9520FFE7FDB5FDA6704FFC4E" blockId="37.[151,1437,150,1149]" box="[199,802,546,573]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9520FFE7FDB5FDA672CEFC4E" bold="true" box="[199,419,546,573]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">FEMALE. Length</emphasis>
. Body length 4.0–
<quantity id="4CEE6CD99520FFE7FF01FDA671A5FC4E" box="[627,712,546,573]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
(n = 5).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9520FFE7FDB5FDC271B0FCDA" blockId="37.[151,1437,150,1149]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9520FFE7FDB5FDC27266FC13" bold="true" box="[199,267,582,608]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Color</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99520FFE7FC6EFDC3721FFC12" box="[284,370,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-452@37.[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 12. Synergus distinctus (female paralectotype, Paratype No. 24502 USNM): a) detail of the metasomal punctuation; b) lateral habitus; c) mesosoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434036" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434036/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
). Black and amber. Head black. Antenna amber, scape dark brown. Mesosoma black; tegulae yellowish orange. Metasoma amber, the first metasomal segment, black. Legs amber; coxae and trochanters (except distally), black. Wings slightly smoky, veins brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9520FFE7FDB5FD377760FD9E" blockId="37.[151,1437,150,1149]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9520FFE7FDB5FD37726AFCBE" bold="true" box="[199,263,691,717]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Head</emphasis>
. In frontal view trapezoid, 1.2 times as wide as high, gena not broadened behind eye. Face faintly pubescent, lower face with striae radiating from clypeus. Clypeus indistinct, ventral margin slightly projected over mandibles. Malar space about 0.5 times as long as height of eye. Anterior tentorial pits visible; pleurostomal and epistomal sulcus absent. Transfacial line about as long as height of eye. Toruli situated mid-height of eye; distance between torulus and eye shorter than diameter of torulus; distance between toruli shorter than diameter of toruli. Frons between frontal carinae coriaceous to reticulated, with some punctures, and wrinkled outside carinae; frontal carinae well-marked and thick, branched before reaching lateral ocelli. Head in dorsal view is about 2.3 times as wide as long. Vertex wrinkled and with some punctures. POL: OOL: LOL = 10: 9: 5 and diameter of lateral ocelli, 6. Occiput dorsally with some wrinkles, the rest coriaceous, without punctures.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9520FFE7FDB5FC727293FA0E" blockId="37.[151,1437,150,1149]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9520FFE7FDB5FC727243FA63" bold="true" box="[199,302,1014,1040]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Antenna</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99520FFE7FC4FFC7372CDFA61" box="[317,416,1015,1042]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-452@37.[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 12. Synergus distinctus (female paralectotype, Paratype No. 24502 USNM): a) detail of the metasomal punctuation; b) lateral habitus; c) mesosoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434036" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434036/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 12b</figureCitation>
). 14-segmented; long, filiform, not broadened apically; pubescence dense and short. Scape plus pedicel shorter than F1; pedicel about 1.2 times as long as wide; F1 about as long as F2, F2 just slightly longer than F3; the following segments progressively shorter. Last flagellar segment about 4.5 times as long as wide and almost 2.0 times as long as F11.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6991B49520FFE7FDE5F8F57102F9DD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434036" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4434036" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434036/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" startId="37.[151,250,1905,1929]" targetBox="[151,1436,1173,1882]" targetPageId="37">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9520FFE7FDE5F8F57102F9DD" blockId="37.[151,1437,1905,1966]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9520FFE7FDE5F8F5724DF9FA" bold="true" box="[151,288,1905,1929]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9520FFE7FC55F8F67286F9F9" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[295,491,1906,1930]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9520FFE7FC55F8F67286F9F9" box="[295,491,1906,1930]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Synergus distinctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(female paralectotype, Paratype No. 24502 USNM): a) detail of the metasomal punctuation; b) lateral habitus; c) mesosoma in dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9523FFE4FDB5FF1371ADFC6A" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,1473]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9523FFE4FDB5FF137228FEC2" bold="true" box="[199,325,151,177]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Mesosoma</emphasis>
. About 1.2 times as long as high in lateral view, including nucha, with short and not dense pubescence (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99523FFE4FD9AFF3F7221FEA5" box="[232,332,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-452@37.[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 12. Synergus distinctus (female paralectotype, Paratype No. 24502 USNM): a) detail of the metasomal punctuation; b) lateral habitus; c) mesosoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434036" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434036/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 12b</figureCitation>
). Ratio of length of pronotum medially/laterally: 0.4. Pronotal plate indistinct. Lateral pronotum strongly carinated; lateral carina absent, lateral margins of pronotum rounded seen from above. Mesoscutum (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99523FFE4F81DFF5B73ACFF6E" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-452@37.[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 12. Synergus distinctus (female paralectotype, Paratype No. 24502 USNM): a) detail of the metasomal punctuation; b) lateral habitus; c) mesosoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434036" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434036/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 12c</figureCitation>
) about 1.2 times as wide as long, with dense discontinuous carinae; anterior parallel lines weakly impressed, reaching 1/3 of the mesoscutum; notauli complete and visible in their whole length, somewhat interrupted by carinae anteriorly; median mesoscutal line absent; parapsidal lines shallowly impressed, reaching tegulae. Mesoscutellum (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99523FFE4FDA1FEEB725EFFFA" box="[211,307,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-452@37.[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 12. Synergus distinctus (female paralectotype, Paratype No. 24502 USNM): a) detail of the metasomal punctuation; b) lateral habitus; c) mesosoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434036" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434036/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 12c</figureCitation>
) rounded, about as long as wide, strongly wrinkled; circumscutellar carina inconspicuous; scutellar foveae more or less ovate, large, well defined but shallow, weakly sculptured bottom and separated by a narrow carina. Mesopleuron (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99523FFE4FCE3FE33729FFFA1" box="[401,498,439,466]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-452@37.[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 12. Synergus distinctus (female paralectotype, Paratype No. 24502 USNM): a) detail of the metasomal punctuation; b) lateral habitus; c) mesosoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434036" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434036/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 12b</figureCitation>
) with regular, widely spaced and well-marked striae. Metapleural sulcus reaching about 3/4 of mesopleural height. Propodeum pubescent and weakly sculptured; propodeal carinae almost straight and parallel. Nucha sulcate dorsally and laterally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9523FFE4FDB5FDA771CAFC4E" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,1473]" box="[199,679,547,573]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9523FFE4FDB5FDA77392FC4E" bold="true" box="[199,255,547,573]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Legs</emphasis>
. Tarsal claws with a small basal lobe.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9523FFE4FDB5FDC27115FCDA" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,1473]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9523FFE4FDB5FDC2727EFC13" bold="true" box="[199,275,582,608]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Wings</emphasis>
. Fore wing pubescent with short marginal setae, as long as body length (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99523FFE4F921FDC377DAFC11" box="[1107,1207,583,610]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-452@37.[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 12. Synergus distinctus (female paralectotype, Paratype No. 24502 USNM): a) detail of the metasomal punctuation; b) lateral habitus; c) mesosoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434036" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434036/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 12b</figureCitation>
). Radial cell closed, about 2.7 times as long as wide; areolet visible, all veins well pigmented. Rs+M visible, almost reaching the basal vein. Basal cell with sparsely spaced setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9523FFE4FDB5FD377210FD2E" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,1473]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9523FFE4FDB5FD37722EFCBE" bold="true" box="[199,323,691,717]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Metasoma</emphasis>
. About as long as head plus mesosoma and almost 1.2 times as long as high in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99523FFE4F81DFD3773A8FC81" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-452@37.[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 12. Synergus distinctus (female paralectotype, Paratype No. 24502 USNM): a) detail of the metasomal punctuation; b) lateral habitus; c) mesosoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434036" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434036/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 12b</figureCitation>
). First metasomal segment sulcate dorsally and laterally. Syntergum smooth, anterolateral pubescence composed of a few setae and posteriorly with an incomplete narrow band of micropunctures (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99523FFE4F9F9FD7F7781FD66" box="[1163,1260,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-452@37.[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 12. Synergus distinctus (female paralectotype, Paratype No. 24502 USNM): a) detail of the metasomal punctuation; b) lateral habitus; c) mesosoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434036" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434036/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 12a</figureCitation>
); weakly to not dorsodistally incised (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99523FFE4FCFDFC9B729DFD4A" box="[399,496,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-452@37.[151,1436,1173,1882]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 12. Synergus distinctus (female paralectotype, Paratype No. 24502 USNM): a) detail of the metasomal punctuation; b) lateral habitus; c) mesosoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434036" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434036/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 12a</figureCitation>
), not pointed. Hypopygial spine about as long as wide and with a few lateral setae; without apical setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9523FFE4FDB5FCE2729FFD9E" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,1473]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9523FFE4FDB5FCE2724FFDF2" bold="true" box="[199,290,870,897]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">MALE.</emphasis>
Similar to female, except for the following: body length
<quantity id="4CEE6CD99523FFE4FEDDFCE2776BFDF2" box="[943,1030,870,897]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
(n = 2). Antenna 15-segmented; F1 just slightly longer than F2; F1 long, straight, almost not incised medially, very slightly broadener apically than basally, the distal part, longer. Metasoma shorter than head plus mesosoma, the band of micropunctures more widespread. Metasoma dark brown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79523FFE4FDB5FC72701CFA62" box="[199,881,1014,1041]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9523FFE4FDB5FC72701CFA62" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,1473]" box="[199,881,1014,1041]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9523FFE4FDB5FC727234FA63" bold="true" box="[199,345,1014,1040]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Distribution</emphasis>
.
<collectingCountry id="F30181AC9523FFE4FC15FC7372CEFA62" box="[359,419,1015,1041]" name="United States of America" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">USA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49D20FDE9523FFE4FCDCFC73714DFA62" box="[430,544,1015,1041]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">California</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9523FFE4FF5CFC737009FA62" author="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D." box="[558,868,1015,1041]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref104185" refString="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken &amp; Egbert 1922</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79523FFE4FDB5FB9E738DFA2A" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9523FFE4FDB5FB9E738DFA2A" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,1473]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9523FFE4FDB5FB9E724CFA47" bold="true" box="[199,289,1050,1076]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Biology</emphasis>
. Reared from galls of
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9523FFE4FF51FB9F708DFA46" authority="(Bassett, 1890)" baseAuthorityName="Bassett" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[547,992,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Disholcaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canescens">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9523FFE4FF51FB9F7043FA47" box="[547,814,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Disholcaspis canescens</emphasis>
(Bassett, 1890)
</taxonomicName>
on
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9523FFE4F97EFB9F73B1FA2A" authority="(McCracken &amp; Egbert 1922)" baseAuthorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" baseAuthorityYear="1922" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="douglasii">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9523FFE4F97EFB9F77FAFA46" box="[1036,1175,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Q. douglasii</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9523FFE4F9D5FB9F73BEFA2A" author="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D." pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref104185" refString="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken &amp; Egbert 1922</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79523FFE4FDB5FBE7776AFBB2" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9523FFE4FDB5FBE77227FB0A" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,1473]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9523FFE4FDB5FBE77259FA0E" bold="true" box="[199,308,1123,1149]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Remarks</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9523FFE4FC37FBE77172FA0E" authorityName="McCracken &amp; Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[325,543,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9523FFE4FC37FBE77172FA0E" box="[325,543,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Synergus distinctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described from an unstated number of specimens (
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9523FFE4F9D6FBE77393FAD2" author="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D." pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref104185" refString="McCracken, I. &amp; Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken &amp; Egbert 1922: 58</bibRefCitation>
, 59). We located and examined 2ϐ and
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59523FFE4FFBDFB02719FFAD2" box="[719,754,1158,1185]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="female">5♀</specimenCount>
belonging to the type series: 1ϐ and
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59523FFE4F9D4FB0377A4FAD2" box="[1190,1225,1159,1185]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
deposited in CAS with a ‘Type’ label and 1ϐ and
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59523FFE4FF73FB2F7149FAB6" box="[513,548,1195,1221]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
deposited in USNM. The authors stated that the ‘Types’ were deposited at the Stanford Entomological Museum (later absorbed by CAS) and the ‘Paratypes’, in USNM; however, in the ‘Type’ section they do not specify any details besides the type location of this species. As a result, it has been impossible to determine which of the specimens deposited in CAS is the
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9523FFE4FE39FA9370DDFB42" box="[843,944,1303,1329]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, necessitating that all the specimens needed to be considered as
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9523FFE4FC0AFABF72B3FB26" box="[376,478,1339,1365]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
. Hence, a
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9523FFE4FF26FABF71D6FB26" box="[596,699,1339,1365]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
has now been designated from one of the
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9523FFE4F9EFFABF7799FB26" box="[1181,1268,1339,1365]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
specimens deposited in CAS.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9523FFE4FDB5FA07776AFBB2" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,1473]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">According to the original description, both metasoma and legs of females are reddish brown, but all the examined specimens have the metasoma amber probably due to the passing of time.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue Copy permalink