203 lines
21 KiB
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203 lines
21 KiB
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<document id="EE93298ADF23F69592CCC2610139651A" ID-CLB-Dataset="3637" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5676639" ID-GBIF-Dataset="23dac009-8dc4-4021-a812-5f9db538c89c" ID-ISBN="978-84-96553-49-1" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5676639" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1633548419167" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2009" docId="143F87B3FFC2FF85FA109F85FAEEFECE" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_1_Herpestidae_0262.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 1 Carnivores, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Bdeogale nigripes Peters 1850" docType="treatment" docVersion="20" lastPageNumber="320" masterDocId="E806FFCBFFCCFF8AFF999B1CFF9CFFA7" masterDocTitle="Herpestidae" masterLastPageNumber="328" masterPageNumber="262" pageNumber="319" updateTime="1700280137702" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="396B45577C024AC2562CD12826367052">
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<mods:title id="34606C69F2B8628328EF83F2C763D5DA">Herpestidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="599CA0C4F0C5F2B5CE43DA2A08E5E655" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="26314AA64374D970484C300EE926D17B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="74D43A727EF8E660503F067FE8C303B7">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="71C95F6F0322764B10895705E89848BE" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5CD112856A5F85310D87FE9C5A437ACA">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="50BE835D2EB20DA056CF5DED5EB797C0">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="888C208D3B1B2215A7BF1394D23A726C">2009</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="ABA50D472447D60D04099A36E590FA96" type="pubDate">2009-01-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="BD1AEBE3A64AF99DE68739A63ADFB933">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="5F10385A7D81F903B2405881D3CC06D0">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:titleInfo id="A661B915C08B1850753B107ABCFF5A4A">
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<mods:title id="CAEFA2934CC476888DDAE2056005E2AA">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 1 Carnivores</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="807103BB832E3ADC386A4CAC2F419151">
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<mods:start id="27C4C32B888417E926CEAE7F6D0B8CAB">262</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="81D4C2D29604CF9E0C39CCCFF6A39860">328</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="A44363647CC2B7ECF467B3D7608CCD11">book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="AF76BD3835BC7AB1D2EED2BFEB8AE625" type="CLB-Dataset">3637</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2EBA1AAF8F159776EAE01823418C844B" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5676639</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="CDDE990AADC18294F25C4981CA32569C" type="GBIF-Dataset">23dac009-8dc4-4021-a812-5f9db538c89c</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7C90D220AB825A41CF369B1009DF7DFC" type="ISBN">978-84-96553-49-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="1A1BD8C1382C5985C06E64582065B632" type="Zenodo-Dep">5676639</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="143F87B3FFC2FF85FA109F85FAEEFECE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5698471" ID-GBIF-Taxon="190304293" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5698471" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:143F87B3FFC2FF85FA109F85FAEEFECE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/143F87B3FFC2FF85FA109F85FAEEFECE" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="320" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">
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<subSubSection id="D48C652EFFC2FF84FA109F85FA5EFB6C" box="[1417,1474,1177,1227]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="9C2936A5FFC2FF84FA109F85FA5EFB6C" blockId="14.[1414,2411,1177,1308]" box="[1417,1474,1177,1227]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">
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<heading id="C76181C9FFC2FF84FA109F85FA5EFB6C" box="[1417,1474,1177,1227]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">
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<figureCitation id="04AD2A20FFC2FF84FA109F85FA5EFB6C" box="[1417,1474,1177,1227]" captionStart="On" captionStartId="10.[156,186,3367,3392]" captionTargetBox="[12,2797,17,3639]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="On following pages: 15. Somalian Slender Mongoose (Galerella ochracea); 16. Cape Gray Mongoose (Galerella pulverulenta); 17. Common Slender Mongoose (Galerella sanguinea); 18. White-tailed Mongoose (/chneumia albicauda); 19. Selous's Mongoose (Paracynictis selous)); 20. Bushy-tailed Mongoose (Bdeogale crassicauda); 21. Jackson's Mongoose (Bdeogale jackson); 22. Black-footed Mongoose (Bdeogale nigripes); 23. Meller’s Mongoose (Rhynchogale melleri)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6347113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6347113/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">22.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D48C652EFFC2FF84FA4A9F85F822FB6C" box="[1491,1982,1177,1227]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="9C2936A5FFC2FF84FA4A9F85F822FB6C" blockId="14.[1414,2411,1177,1308]" box="[1491,1982,1177,1227]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">
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<heading id="C76181C9FFC2FF84FA4A9F85F822FB6C" box="[1491,1982,1177,1227]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">
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<vernacularName id="1295468BFFC2FF84FA4A9F85F822FB6C" box="[1491,1982,1177,1227]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">Black-footed Mongoose</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D48C652EFFC2FF84F8549F85F693FB6C" box="[1997,2319,1177,1227]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="9C2936A5FFC2FF84F8549F85F693FB6C" blockId="14.[1414,2411,1177,1308]" box="[1997,2319,1177,1227]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">
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<heading id="C76181C9FFC2FF84F8549F85F693FB6C" box="[1997,2319,1177,1227]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">
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<taxonomicName id="5B964D26FFC2FF84F8549F85F693FB6C" ID-CoL="5WFLV" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1850" box="[1997,2319,1177,1227]" class="Mammalia" family="Herpestidae" genus="Bdeogale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="14" pageNumber="319" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigripes">
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<emphasis id="AEE2EAB7FFC2FF84F8549F85F693FB6C" box="[1997,2319,1177,1227]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">Bdeogale nigripes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D48C652EFFC2FF84FA119FC0F8E5FABE" pageId="14" pageNumber="319" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="9C2936A5FFC2FF84FA119FC0F6F6FB56" blockId="14.[1414,2411,1177,1308]" box="[1416,2410,1244,1265]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">
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<heading id="C76181C9FFC2FF84FA119FC0F6F6FB56" box="[1416,2410,1244,1265]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">
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<emphasis id="AEE2EAB7FFC2FF84FA119FC0FA49FB56" bold="true" box="[1416,1493,1244,1265]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="1295468BFFC2FF84FA469FC0F976FB56" box="[1503,1770,1244,1265]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">Mangouste a pattes noires</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="AEE2EAB7FFC2FF84F9669FC0F8C6FB56" bold="true" box="[1791,1882,1244,1265]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="1295468BFFC2FF84F8FA9FC0F7A2FB56" box="[1891,2110,1244,1265]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">Schwarzfufimanguste</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="AEE2EAB7FFC2FF84F7CA9FC0F732FB56" bold="true" box="[2131,2222,1244,1265]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="1295468BFFC2FF84F7219FC0F6F6FB56" box="[2232,2410,1244,1265]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">Mangosta calzada</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9C2936A5FFC2FF84FA1E9E18F8E5FABE" blockId="14.[1414,2411,1177,1308]" box="[1415,1913,1284,1305]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">
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<heading id="C76181C9FFC2FF84FA1E9E18F8E5FABE" box="[1415,1913,1284,1305]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">
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<emphasis id="AEE2EAB7FFC2FF84FA1E9E18F9E2FABE" bold="true" box="[1415,1662,1284,1305]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="1295468BFFC2FF84F9119E18F8E5FABE" box="[1672,1913,1284,1305]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">Black-legged Mongoose</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D48C652EFFC2FF84F8779E52F7ABFA28" pageId="14" pageNumber="319" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="9C2936A5FFC2FF84F8779E52F7ABFA28" blockId="14.[2026,2617,1358,1777]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">
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Taxonomy.
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<taxonomicName id="5B964D26FFC2FF84F73F9E52F7AFFA28" ID-CoL="5WFLV" authority="Pucheran, 1855" authorityName="Pucheran" authorityYear="1855" class="Mammalia" family="Herpestidae" genus="Bdeogale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="14" pageNumber="319" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigripes">Bdeogale nigripes Pucheran, 1855</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D48C652EFFC2FF84F7DA9E72F73BFA28" box="[2115,2215,1390,1423]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="9C2936A5FFC2FF84F7DA9E72F73BFA28" blockId="14.[2026,2617,1358,1777]" box="[2115,2215,1390,1423]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">
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<materialsCitation id="2CFE3CF8FFC2FF84F7DA9E72F73BFA28" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3699972328" box="[2115,2215,1390,1423]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">
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<collectingCountry id="E4817635FFC2FF84F7DA9E72F73FFA28" box="[2115,2211,1390,1423]" name="Gabon" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">Gabon</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D48C652EFFC2FF84F8779E89F716F9DC" pageId="14" pageNumber="319" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="9C2936A5FFC2FF84F8779E89F716F9DC" blockId="14.[2026,2617,1358,1777]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">Some authors consider B. nigripes to be conspecific with Jackson’s Mongoose (5. jacksoni), but others believe that there are sufficient skin and skull differences to consider them as two separate species. Monotypic.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D48C652EFFC2FF84F8749D95F75EF8B0" pageId="14" pageNumber="319" type="distribution">
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<caption id="C8E9662DFFC2FF84F8749D95F75EF8B0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5676685" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5676685" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5676685/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="319" startId="14.[2029,2201,1673,1698]" targetBox="[1414,1998,1362,1772]" targetPageId="14">
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<paragraph id="9C2936A5FFC2FF84F8749D95F75EF8B0" blockId="14.[2026,2617,1358,1777]" lastBlockId="14.[1410,2615,1786,3467]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">
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Distribution. SE
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<collectingCountry id="E4817635FFC2FF84F74E9D95F6DCF905" box="[2263,2368,1673,1698]" name="Nigeria" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="E4817635FFC2FF84F6C99D95F67BF905" box="[2384,2535,1673,1698]" name="Cameroon" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
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, Central African Republic, DR Congo, Equatorial Guinea,
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<collectingCountry id="E4817635FFC2FF84F73B9DDFF69EF956" box="[2210,2306,1731,1777]" name="Gabon" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">Gabon</collectingCountry>
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, and PR
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<collectingCountry id="E4817635FFC2FF84F6129DDFF676F956" box="[2443,2538,1731,1777]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">Congo</collectingCountry>
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. Also reported from
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<collectingCountry id="E4817635FFC2FF84F9CE9DE6F922F8B0" box="[1623,1726,1786,1815]" name="Angola" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">Angola</collectingCountry>
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, but this is rejected by some authors.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D48C652EFFC2FF84FA1F9C3EF68CF507" pageId="14" pageNumber="319" type="description">
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<paragraph id="9C2936A5FFC2FF84FA1F9C3EF68CF507" blockId="14.[1410,2615,1786,3467]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">
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<emphasis id="AEE2EAB7FFC2FF84FA1F9C3EF9E3F898" bold="true" box="[1414,1663,1826,1855]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 46-63 cm (males), 45-65 cm (females), tail 30-38.
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<quantity id="5B6E9B40FFC2FF84F66A9C3EF5AAF898" box="[2547,2614,1826,1855]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="319" unit="cm" value="5.0">5 cm</quantity>
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(males), 29-40 cm (females), hindfoot 9.4-11.
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<quantity id="5B6E9B40FFC2FF84F7879C55F7F8F8C1" box="[2078,2148,1865,1894]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="319" unit="cm" value="5.0">5 cm</quantity>
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(males), 9.4-11.
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<quantity id="5B6E9B40FFC2FF84F6CE9C55F601F8C1" box="[2391,2461,1865,1894]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="319" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
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(females), ear 3.3-9 cm (males), 3-:3.3-7 cm (females); weight 2.4-8 kg. A large, short-haired gray mongoose, with dark-colored legs. The pelage is usually grayish-white, but can sometimes be brownish-red; the hairs have white and brown rings, tipped with white. The color of the underparts varies from grayish-white to dark brown. The underfuris dense and short with yellow to brown hairs 10-12 mm long; the guard hairs are
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<quantity id="5B6E9B40FFC2FF84F64E9316F5AAF78C" box="[2519,2614,2058,2091]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
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or less in length. The forehead and muzzle are short-haired and are lighter colored than the body. The muzzle is blunt, with a large rhinarium divided by a median groove that continues on the upper lip as a naked strip. The ears are short and wide. The color of the throat and belly varies from grayish-white to dark brown. The tail is white to yellowish, moderately bushy, and slightly tapering. The legs and the feet range from light brown to brownish-black. The foreand hindfeet have four slightly webbed digits; the hallux and the pollex are missing. The soles are hairy up to the pads. There are two pairs of teats. The skull is the largest of all West African mongooses and is long and relatively narrow, the zygomatic breadth being almost exactly half of the condylobasal length. The braincase is ovoid and has a sharp sagittal crest; the occipital crest is broad and flange-like. The frontal region is slightly elevated and smoothly rounded, and the post-orbital constriction is markedly less than the inter-orbital breadth. The posterior part of the skull is notably short. The front section of the auditory bulla is small, the posterior chamber is well inflated. Dental formula: 1 3/3, C 1/1, P 4/4, M 2/2 = 40. The molars are as broad as long, giving a squarish appearance, and are low-cusped, suggesting that they have a crushing rather than slicing function.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D48C652EFFC2FF84FA1D91BAF7B1F560" box="[1412,2093,2726,2759]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="9C2936A5FFC2FF84FA1D91BAF7B1F560" blockId="14.[1410,2615,1786,3467]" box="[1412,2093,2726,2759]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">
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<emphasis id="AEE2EAB7FFC2FF84FA1D91BAFA6FF560" bold="true" box="[1412,1523,2726,2759]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Primary rainforest, up to a least
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="5B6E9B40FFC2FF84F85A91BAF7B5F560" box="[1987,2089,2726,2759]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="319" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="D48C652EFFC2FF84FA1D91D2F6A9F42B" pageId="14" pageNumber="319" type="food_feeding">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="9C2936A5FFC2FF84FA1D91D2F6A9F42B" blockId="14.[1410,2615,1786,3467]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="AEE2EAB7FFC2FF84FA1D91D2F913F548" bold="true" box="[1412,1679,2766,2799]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
In the
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="E4817635FFC2FF84F89A91D2F7F5F548" box="[1795,2153,2766,2799]" name="Central African Republic" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, 86% of scats contained arthropods; the frequency of occurrence of other food items in scats was: 48% mammals (including 19% insectivores, 14% rodents, and 10% squirrels), 14% reptiles and amphibians, and 5% fruit. Termites and driver ants (
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="5B964D26FFC2FF84F8699058F7C8F4C2" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1793" box="[2032,2132,2884,2917]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Dorylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="319" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="AEE2EAB7FFC2FF84F8699058F7C8F4C2" box="[2032,2132,2884,2917]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">Dorylus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="AEE2EAB7FFC2FF84F7009058F6B3F4C2" box="[2201,2351,2884,2917]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">Myrmecaria</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
sp.) were found in three out of
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="8A90FD2CFFC2FF84F9AD9077F89CF42B" box="[1588,1792,2923,2956]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319" type="generic">nine specimen</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
stomachs collected from the PR
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="E4817635FFC2FF84F7489077F6ACF42B" box="[2257,2352,2923,2956]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">Congo</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="D48C652EFFC2FF84FA1B908EF83FF3A5" pageId="14" pageNumber="319" type="activity">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="9C2936A5FFC2FF84FA1B908EF83FF3A5" blockId="14.[1410,2615,1786,3467]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="AEE2EAB7FFC2FF84FA1B908EF9F1F414" bold="true" box="[1410,1645,2962,2995]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Said to be nocturnal, but there are some reports of diurnal observations. Rests in holes between the roots of big trees and in the dens of African Brushtailed Porcupines (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="AEE2EAB7FFC2FF84F91790F9F80AF3A5" box="[1678,1942,3045,3074]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">Atherurus africanus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="D48C652EFFC2FF84FA1A9710F9A5F3F7" pageId="14" pageNumber="319" type="biology_ecology">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="9C2936A5FFC2FF84FA1A9710F9A5F3F7" blockId="14.[1410,2615,1786,3467]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="AEE2EAB7FFC2FF84FA1A9710F7A5F38E" bold="true" box="[1411,2105,3084,3113]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Believed to be solitary, but has been seen in pairs.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="D48C652EFFC2FF84FA1A974BF760F349" pageId="14" pageNumber="319" type="breeding">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="9C2936A5FFC2FF84FA1A974BF760F349" blockId="14.[1410,2615,1786,3467]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="AEE2EAB7FFC2FF84FA1A974BF995F3DF" bold="true" box="[1411,1545,3159,3192]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
In West Africa, breeding may occur at the beginning of the dry season: three capturedjuveniles were born between early November and earlyJanuary. According to the Mbuti pygmies of the
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="E4817635FFC2FF84F97097BAF8E2F360" box="[1769,1918,3238,3271]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">DR Congo</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, there are usually one or two young; a female and one young were collected in early December in the Ituri Forest.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="D48C652EFFC2FF84FA1A97E9F685F22C" pageId="14" pageNumber="319" type="conservation">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="9C2936A5FFC2FF84FA1A97E9F685F22C" blockId="14.[1410,2615,1786,3467]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="AEE2EAB7FFC2FF84FA1A97E9F97FF2B1" bold="true" box="[1411,1763,3317,3350]" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Classified as Least Concern in
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="AEE2EAB7FFC2FF84F73097E9F63DF2B1" box="[2217,2465,3317,3350]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="319">The IUCN Red List</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. Numbers may be declining as a result of forest loss and fragmentation (from logging, mining, and slash and burn farming), and to a lesser degree from bushmeat hunting. Field surveys, ecological studies, and assessments of threats are needed.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="D48C652EFFC3FF85FF5B9A35FAEEFECE" pageId="15" pageNumber="320" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="9C2936A5FFC3FF85FF5B9A35FAEEFECE" blockId="15.[193,1396,297,366]" pageId="15" pageNumber="320">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="AEE2EAB7FFC3FF85FF5B9A35FEC5FEE5" bold="true" box="[194,345,297,322]" pageId="15" pageNumber="320">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Bequaert (1922), Carpaneto & Germi (1989a, 1989b), Crawford-Cabral (1989), Kingdon (1997), Perez et al. (2006), Ray & Sunquist (2001), Rosevear (1974),
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="5E52F847FFC3FF85FCB49A4CFCCEFECE" box="[813,850,336,361]" country="Turkey" name="Van" pageId="15" pageNumber="320">Van</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
Rompaey & Colyn (In press a), Wozencraft (2005).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|