215 lines
20 KiB
XML
215 lines
20 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="CCA181052695DAB807E632B010C2ADC5">Species delimitations in the Atractus collaris complex (Serpentes: Dipsadidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="5B1623ABC65915E18DB2A939AE76E331" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="9DFD731CB52B717E165E46B045E844D6">Passos, Paulo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CD1376534C374A5B5FE7986952271D11">Prudente, Ana L. C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2FCAF32CCAABB57BEE6061FE01AF0C49">Ramos, Luciana O.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="858B9C653D105EBAE2D0DB879060183F">Caicedo-Portilla, José Rances</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AC21329EB57FDF18CEE956D4C7636D39">Lynch, John D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="91ADC0F7A89DEF279B986429EFC70590">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="6B43DD27115910D5BFE0C74151F7F15A">
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<mods:date id="5B2AE991E745ED2E7BA78A648B1A0B8F">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6389D2B44F92BA827C8E80061A178245">2018-03-12</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="AF2BE2162664654AA3AA072209CC430E">4392</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="82473EEAE31C4C4BD01844059CBF5874">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="89A281E4151CB925BDB91BC603D5233C" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4392.3.4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6244B150D065660E65B41C1B26108052" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B94207BA651CEA67DB55D54A3F440BD6" type="Zenodo-Dep">1196169</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0F7C87F4FFBEDD1D91866B815FBF9FAF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5963624" ID-GBIF-Taxon="142212284" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5963624" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F7C87F4FFBEDD1D91866B815FBF9FAF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0F7C87F4FFBEDD1D91866B815FBF9FAF" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="514" pageId="22" pageNumber="513">
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<subSubSection id="CFCF6569FFBEDD1C91866B8159349A85" pageId="22" pageNumber="513" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="876A36E2FFBEDD1C91866B8159BD9BA6" blockId="22.[151,926,1720,1747]" box="[151,926,1720,1747]" pageId="22" pageNumber="513">
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<heading id="DC22818EFFBEDD1C91866B8159BD9BA6" bold="true" box="[151,926,1720,1747]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="513" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B5A1EAF0FFBEDD1C91866B8159BD9BA6" bold="true" box="[151,926,1720,1747]" pageId="22" pageNumber="513">
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Key to the known species of the
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<emphasis id="B5A1EAF0FFBEDD1C93376B8058CE9BA7" bold="true" box="[550,749,1720,1746]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="513">
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Atractus
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<taxonomicName id="40D54D61FFBEDD1C93856B8058CE9BA7" authorityName="Peracca" authorityYear="1897" box="[660,749,1720,1746]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Apostolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="513" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="collaris">collaris</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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species group
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="876A36E2FFBEDD1C91866A3859349A85" blockId="22.[151,1437,1791,2032]" pageId="22" pageNumber="513">In order to simplify field and laboratory identification, this key is mainly based on external morphology but we must employ a few traits also from internal morphology (e.g., maxillary dentition) or sexually dimorphic characters (e.g., hemipenial morphology). However, whenever we use more restricted (or of difficult observation) characters they are in combination with other externally discernible characteristics. In general, the use of more than one character in all of key steps improves the reliability of the identifications. Finally, we highlighted that this key was conceived on the basis of available sample, which may underestimate taxa polymorphism and, therefore, we recommend to it be complementary to species diagnoses.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CFCF6569FFBFDD1D91866DAF5FBF9FAF" pageId="23" pageNumber="514" type="key">
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<keyStep id="3C212E47FFBFDD1D91866DAF5FBF9DBF" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">
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<paragraph id="876A36E2FFBFDD1D91866DAF5FB89DD8" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,730]" box="[151,1435,151,173]" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">
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<keyLead id="3C2495D7FFBFDD1D91866DAF5FB89DD8" box="[151,1435,151,173]" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">1. Loreal scale generally in contact with the first surpalabial scale, usually six maxillary teeth........................... 5</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="876A36E2FFBFDD1D91866D8D5FBF9DBF" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,730]" box="[151,1436,180,202]" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">
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<keyLead id="3C2495D7FFBFDD1D91866D8D5FBF9DBF" box="[151,1436,180,202]" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">- Loreal scale isolated from the first supralabial by postnasal scale, usually four or five maxillary teeth................... 2</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="3C212E47FFBFDD1D91866DE95FB89C57" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">
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<paragraph id="876A36E2FFBFDD1D91866DE95FB89C70" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,730]" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">
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<keyLead id="3C2495D7FFBFDD1D91866DE95FB89C70" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">
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2. Hemipenis bilobed, dorsum lacking conspicuous paravertebral spots in preservative, and CL/SVL ±
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<quantity id="402D9B07FFBFDD1D95B66DE95EFD9D92" box="[1191,1246,209,231]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3367999999999998" pageId="23" pageNumber="514" unit="in" value="9.2">9.2 in</quantity>
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females and <14.0 in males............................................................................................. 3
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="876A36E2FFBFDD1D91866C355FB89C57" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,730]" box="[151,1435,268,290]" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">
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<keyLead id="3C2495D7FFBFDD1D91866C355FB89C57" box="[151,1435,268,290]" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">
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- Hemipenis unilobed, dorsum with paravertebral spots in preservative, and CL/SVL Ż
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<quantity id="402D9B07FFBFDD1D95076C345E6E9C57" box="[1046,1101,268,290]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3367999999999998" pageId="23" pageNumber="514" unit="in" value="9.2">9.2 in</quantity>
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females and 14.0 in males..... 4
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="3C212E47FFBFDD1D91866C115FBF9CE2" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">
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<paragraph id="876A36E2FFBFDD1D91866C115FBF9C29" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,730]" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">
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<keyLead id="3C2495D7FFBFDD1D91866C115FBF9C29" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">
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3. Ventral scales>
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<quantity id="402D9B07FFBFDD1D906E6C115B9F9C4A" box="[383,444,297,319]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0546" pageId="23" pageNumber="514" unit="in" value="199.0">199 in</quantity>
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females, internasal separated from loreal scale by postnasal scale, dorsum uniformly black in preserva- tive, and CL/SVL <
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<quantity id="402D9B07FFBFDD1D90B46C7F5BE99C28" box="[421,458,327,349]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.286" pageId="23" pageNumber="514" unit="in" value="9.0">9 in</quantity>
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females.................................................................
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<taxonomicName id="40D54D61FFBFDD1D94326C7F5FB59C28" authorityName="Prudente & Passos" authorityYear="2008" box="[1315,1430,327,349]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Apostolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="514" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="surucucu">
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<emphasis id="B5A1EAF0FFBFDD1D94326C7F5FB59C28" box="[1315,1430,327,349]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">A. surucucu</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="876A36E2FFBFDD1D91866C5D5FBF9CE2" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,730]" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">
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<keyLead id="3C2495D7FFBFDD1D91866C5D5FBF9CE2" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">
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- Ventral scales <
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<quantity id="402D9B07FFBFDD1D90916C5C5B9E9C0F" box="[384,445,356,378]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.826" pageId="23" pageNumber="514" unit="in" value="190.0">190 in</quantity>
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females, internasal usually in contact with loreal scale, dorsum with barely defined paravertebral spots and occasionally vertebral line in preservative, and CL/SVL Ż 9.0......................................
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<taxonomicName id="40D54D61FFBFDD1D94336CB95FB69CE2" box="[1314,1429,385,407]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Apostolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="514" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caxiuana">
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<emphasis id="B5A1EAF0FFBFDD1D94336CB95FB69CE2" box="[1314,1429,385,407]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">A. caxiuana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="3C212E47FFBFDD1D91866CA75FBF9CA7" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">
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<paragraph id="876A36E2FFBFDD1D91866CA75FBF9CC1" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,730]" box="[151,1436,415,437]" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">
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<keyLead id="3C2495D7FFBFDD1D91866CA75FBF9CC1" box="[151,1436,415,437]" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">
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4. Hemipenis with sulcus spermaticus divided distally, ventral scales>
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<quantity id="402D9B07FFBFDD1D92656CA759929CC0" box="[884,945,415,437]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3942" pageId="23" pageNumber="514" unit="in" value="173.0">173 in</quantity>
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males and>
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<quantity id="402D9B07FFBFDD1D95216CA75E4E9CC0" box="[1072,1133,415,437]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.953" pageId="23" pageNumber="514" unit="in" value="195.0">195 in</quantity>
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females..........
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<taxonomicName id="40D54D61FFBFDD1D94506CA75FB69CC0" baseAuthorityName="Prudente & Passos" baseAuthorityYear="2010" box="[1345,1429,415,437]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Apostolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="514" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zidoki">
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<emphasis id="B5A1EAF0FFBFDD1D94506CA75FB69CC0" box="[1345,1429,415,437]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">A. zidoki</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="876A36E2FFBFDD1D91866C855FBF9CA7" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,730]" box="[151,1436,444,466]" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">
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<keyLead id="3C2495D7FFBFDD1D91866C855FBF9CA7" box="[151,1436,444,466]" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">
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- Hemipenis with sulcus spermaticus undivided, ventral scales <
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<quantity id="402D9B07FFBFDD1D92516C84595E9CA7" box="[832,893,444,466]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3688" pageId="23" pageNumber="514" unit="in" value="172.0">172 in</quantity>
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males and <
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<quantity id="402D9B07FFBFDD1D92EC6C845E199CA7" box="[1021,1082,444,466]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5974" pageId="23" pageNumber="514" unit="in" value="181.0">181 in</quantity>
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females..........
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<taxonomicName id="40D54D61FFBFDD1D94016C845FB59CA7" authorityName="Prudente & Passos" authorityYear="2010" box="[1296,1430,444,466]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Apostolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="514" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hoogmoedi">
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<emphasis id="B5A1EAF0FFBFDD1D94016C845FB59CA7" box="[1296,1430,444,466]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">A. hoogmoedi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</keyStep>
|
||
|
|
<keyStep id="3C212E47FFBFDD1D91866CE15FBF9F10" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="876A36E2FFBFDD1D91866CE15FBF9F5F" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,730]" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">
|
||
|
|
<keyLead id="3C2495D7FFBFDD1D91866CE15FBF9F5F" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">
|
||
|
|
5. Ventral scales Ż
|
||
|
|
<quantity id="402D9B07FFBFDD1D906E6CE15B9F9C9A" box="[383,444,473,495]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="23" pageNumber="514" unit="in" value="200.0">200 in</quantity>
|
||
|
|
females and>
|
||
|
|
<quantity id="402D9B07FFBFDD1D93416CE158AE9C9A" box="[592,653,473,495]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6736" pageId="23" pageNumber="514" unit="in" value="184.0">184 in</quantity>
|
||
|
|
males, and subcaudal scales>
|
||
|
|
<quantity id="402D9B07FFBFDD1D92A86CE159C99C9A" box="[953,1002,473,495]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.89" pageId="23" pageNumber="514" unit="in" value="35.0">35 in</quantity>
|
||
|
|
males and Ż
|
||
|
|
<quantity id="402D9B07FFBFDD1D957B6CE15EBF9C9A" box="[1130,1180,473,495]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.096" pageId="23" pageNumber="514" unit="in" value="24.0">24 in</quantity>
|
||
|
|
females, single postocular in females, presence of vertebral line, and females with a single postocular scale at least on the one side of the head............................................................................................
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="40D54D61FFBFDD1D943E6F2C5FB69F5F" authorityName="Savage" authorityYear="1955" box="[1327,1429,532,554]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Apostolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="514" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gaigeae">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="B5A1EAF0FFBFDD1D943E6F2C5FB69F5F" box="[1327,1429,532,554]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">A. gaigeae</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</keyLead>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="876A36E2FFBFDD1D91866F0A5FBF9F10" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,730]" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">
|
||
|
|
<keyLead id="3C2495D7FFBFDD1D91866F0A5FBF9F10" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">
|
||
|
|
- Ventral scales <
|
||
|
|
<quantity id="402D9B07FFBFDD1D906E6F095B9F9F32" box="[383,444,561,583]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="23" pageNumber="514" unit="in" value="200.0">200 in</quantity>
|
||
|
|
females and <
|
||
|
|
<quantity id="402D9B07FFBFDD1D935E6F0958AF9F32" box="[591,652,561,583]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6736" pageId="23" pageNumber="514" unit="in" value="184.0">184 in</quantity>
|
||
|
|
males, and subcaudal scales <
|
||
|
|
<quantity id="402D9B07FFBFDD1D92A66F0959CB9F32" box="[951,1000,561,583]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.89" pageId="23" pageNumber="514" unit="in" value="35.0">35 in</quantity>
|
||
|
|
males and ±
|
||
|
|
<quantity id="402D9B07FFBFDD1D95766F095EBB9F32" box="[1127,1176,561,583]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.096" pageId="23" pageNumber="514" unit="in" value="24.0">24 in</quantity>
|
||
|
|
females, two postocular in both sexes, usually lacking vertebral line, and females with tow postocular scales.................................. 6.
|
||
|
|
</keyLead>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</keyStep>
|
||
|
|
<keyStep id="3C212E47FFBFDD1D91866F545FBF9FAF" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="876A36E2FFBFDD1D91866F545FBF9FEA" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,730]" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">
|
||
|
|
<keyLead id="3C2495D7FFBFDD1D91866F545FBF9FEA" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">
|
||
|
|
6. Hemipenis with calcified alary spines, hemipenial lobes and sulcus spermaticus centrifugally oriented, and dorsum uniformly dark brown or black usually lacking spots in preservative........................................
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="40D54D61FFBFDD1D95FF6FB15FB69FEA" box="[1262,1429,649,671]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Apostolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="514" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alphonsehogei">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="B5A1EAF0FFBFDD1D95FF6FB15FB69FEA" box="[1262,1429,649,671]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">A. alphonsehogei</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</keyLead>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="876A36E2FFBFDD1D91866F9F5FBF9FAF" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,730]" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">
|
||
|
|
<keyLead id="3C2495D7FFBFDD1D91866F9F5FBF9FAF" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">
|
||
|
|
- Hemipenis with alary spines lacking calcification, lobes and sulcus spermaticus centrolinearly oriented, and dorsum with conspicuous white bordered spots in preservative.......................................................
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="40D54D61FFBFDD1D94206FFC5FB79FAF" authorityName="Peracca" authorityYear="1897" box="[1329,1428,708,730]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Apostolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="514" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="collaris">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="B5A1EAF0FFBFDD1D94206FFC5FB79FAF" box="[1329,1428,708,730]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="514">A. collaris</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</keyLead>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</keyStep>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
</treatment>
|
||
|
|
</document>
|