667 lines
102 KiB
XML
667 lines
102 KiB
XML
|
<document id="E92C3E23A205F93BDC4717C76C1ED606" ID-CLB-Dataset="51388" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4097.3.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c9cc8b77-0f24-4c18-832d-21a28a4ed433" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="261980" ID-ZooBank="161B0314-A85E-4324-A0D8-F2EFFC15685B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459494522719" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gondim, Anne Isabelley, Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey, Dias, Thelma Lúcia Pereira & Solís-Marín, Francisco Alonso" docDate="2016" docId="03B68798FFF5FFF6FF436CCAFED7FEA7" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4097.3.6.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4097 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Amphipholizona perplexa Nielsen 1932, new comb." docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="393" masterDocId="FF8FFFE0FFF2FFFAFFD46E1DFFFDFFC2" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic status of the genera Amphipholizona H. L. Clark, 1915 (Ophiuroidea, Ophiolepididae) and Amphigyptis Nielsen, 1932 (Hemieuryalidae): systematic placement and synonymy" masterLastPageNumber="395" masterPageNumber="381" pageNumber="388" updateTime="1698202855283" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:mods id="41F467590B3E5F3EAD0FC82817376E2A" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:titleInfo id="0A947AE24772832EC095FAE71EC6DD7C">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:title id="9F8CEDA8E1BF3F360D726BD9E93C2C89">Taxonomic status of the genera Amphipholizona H. L. Clark, 1915 (Ophiuroidea, Ophiolepididae) and Amphigyptis Nielsen, 1932 (Hemieuryalidae): systematic placement and synonymy</mods:title>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:name id="2DCFBBC53899143889B8A4FA4DEC54C3" type="personal">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:role id="C7405FD997456590970C5BCD70E2DC8A">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="F15844FB60DF89FFAF1FB2BFB48A4B22">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:namePart id="39B81B2C2D477ADC80033186FE336DD9">Gondim, Anne Isabelley</mods:namePart>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:name id="3DC6DE539BA72CEE5D0BF3B061AC8DDC" type="personal">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:role id="5BB89011A974E892064180C5C79A648A">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="F49A9D09901D49124D9AFDC74939D233">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:namePart id="C036A66D86CDE5440E70EBE8CBA71993">Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey</mods:namePart>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:name id="34E9F0D048EA05E540EE74BEDBF4A88F" type="personal">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:role id="6ECD09AEED3C383AB0815855EC8844E1">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="52CE4D206CE6FDF70160EDDEDBAAC9CD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:namePart id="E37BD59C349C556E3ED14BE61A318216">Dias, Thelma Lúcia Pereira</mods:namePart>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:name id="DEBE07D13DB9578120C79948E09E8FAD" type="personal">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:role id="C4BE5CEE7830B2EC94DABC54A043C0EF">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="59A445EDC16C5ED0DBDD19CB451FA965">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:namePart id="8CF902A73F977899BA7CD9B3EC9BD249">Solís-Marín, Francisco Alonso</mods:namePart>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:typeOfResource id="72D80FD2BBF5E3A6D0AA34346C565D5D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:relatedItem id="A4375F32822CEB5B28D59CE1639D82C8" type="host">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:titleInfo id="ECE8E58F5DB7DA6D750E3F2F994CE906">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:title id="A7392A4689E034A53DB82306172FF427">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:part id="86326C88CBF0025B7A597C9CCB1DCFDF">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:date id="D8E4A28E7A82676BAAA91F12756A262C">2016</mods:date>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:detail id="82570F63E81D91718AF8C57A53652A94" type="volume">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:number id="FAF56C0F8281E375EC7BEA444400E039">4097</mods:number>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:detail id="B182A930FB5727680F3831421BDB474B" type="issue">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:number id="0B131E5DFA1F7818187AFCAB7D4F6C8E">3</mods:number>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:extent id="127C94DD2A9E8875E61EA1DAD0262C0D" unit="page">
|
|||
|
|
<mods:start id="A131FB88F618E7528C27D6B8E432D61E">381</mods:start>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:end id="6C9BB9E5D91CE0FD3F4C5CFE60E3CC56">395</mods:end>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:extent>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:part>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:relatedItem>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:classification id="EC4788D412BCAA504C90A4CA63839A18">journal article</mods:classification>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:identifier id="7E856F525D59932603031C3094DC02CC" type="CLB-Dataset">51388</mods:identifier>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:identifier id="8A5802367C80184C223A25C28E48FE08" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4097.3.6</mods:identifier>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:identifier id="9EC24DEFAE64CF5075323C339D7DA014" type="GBIF-Dataset">c9cc8b77-0f24-4c18-832d-21a28a4ed433</mods:identifier>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:identifier id="B8D7E1917B0150DCBE959D9CD5A37BA7" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:identifier id="EB264AD0EDF1786D009EF4FFE3701FCE" type="Zenodo-Dep">261980</mods:identifier>
|
|||
|
|
<mods:identifier id="9A54F2B5037B8A9B7814DD0A4968F342" type="ZooBank">161B0314-A85E-4324-A0D8-F2EFFC15685B</mods:identifier>
|
|||
|
|
</mods:mods>
|
|||
|
|
<treatment id="03B68798FFF5FFF6FF436CCAFED7FEA7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5680464" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119330849" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5680464" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B68798FFF5FFF6FF436CCAFED7FEA7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B68798FFF5FFF6FF436CCAFED7FEA7" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="393" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C3056505FFF5FFFDFF436CCAFE2DFCD7" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" type="nomenclature">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA0368EFFF5FFFDFF436CCAFD03FD32" blockId="7.[151,766,727,789]" box="[151,766,727,752]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
|
|||
|
|
<heading id="D0E881E2FFF5FFFDFF436CCAFD03FD32" bold="true" box="[151,766,727,752]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" reason="2">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF5FFFDFF436CCAFD03FD32" bold="true" box="[151,766,727,752]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF5FFFDFF436CCAFD85FD32" authority="Nielsen, 1932" authorityName="Nielsen" authorityYear="1932" box="[151,632,727,752]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Amphipholizona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="perplexa" status="comb. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF5FFFDFF436CCAFE3CFD32" bold="true" box="[151,449,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Amphipholizona perplexa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B7FFFF5FFFDFE1B6CCAFD92FD32" author="Nielsen" box="[463,623,727,752]" pageId="7" pageNumber="394" refString="Nielsen, E. (1932) Papers from Dr. Th. Mortensen's Pacific Expedition 1914 - 1916. Ophiurans from the Gulf of Panama, California, and the Strait of Georgia. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, 91, 241 - 346." type="journal article" year="1932">Nielsen, 1932</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25857E7FFF5FFFDFDAA6CCAFD03FD32" box="[638,766,727,752]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">new comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</heading>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA0368EFFF5FFFDFF436CE1FE2DFCD7" blockId="7.[151,766,727,789]" box="[151,464,764,789]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFF5FFFDFF436CE1FF02FCD6" box="[151,255,764,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1890,1912]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,589,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[340,1247,589,1869]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Morphological characters of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. (A) Dorsal view; (B) Ventral view; (C) Detail of the oral frame; (D) Detail of the disc; (E) Genital plates; (F) Ventral view of the arm; (G) Dorsal view of the arm. Abr: abradial genital plate; Adr: adradial genital plate; ADS: adoral shield; AS: arm spine; BS: bursal slit; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IP: infradental papillae; IT: interrradius; LAP: lateral arm plate; OP: oral papillae; OS: oral shield; RS: radial shield; TS: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate. (Photos 5 A, B, F and G courtesy of Rafael B. Moura)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261984/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Figures 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
A–G, 5A–L, 6A–F
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C3056505FFF5FFFDFF436D59FF03FCBA" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" type="reference_group">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA0368EFFF5FFFDFF436D59FF03FCBA" blockId="7.[151,1435,836,888]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0F11A0FFF5FFFDFF436D59FF03FCBA" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF5FFFDFF436D59FDBEFC98" authority="Nielsen, 1932: 306" authorityName="Nielsen" authorityPageNumber="306" authorityYear="1932" box="[151,579,836,858]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Hemieuryalidae" genus="Amphigyptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="perplexa">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF5FFFDFF436D59FE8BFC98" box="[151,374,836,858]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Amphigyptis perplexa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0ABE109FFFF5FFFDFEAA6D59FDBEFC98" author="Nielsen" box="[382,579,836,858]" page="306" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" year="1932">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B7FFFF5FFFDFEAA6D59FDEDFC98" author="Nielsen" box="[382,528,836,858]" pageId="7" pageNumber="394" refString="Nielsen, E. (1932) Papers from Dr. Th. Mortensen's Pacific Expedition 1914 - 1916. Ophiurans from the Gulf of Panama, California, and the Strait of Georgia. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, 91, 241 - 346." type="journal article" year="1932">Nielsen, 1932</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 306
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
–307, fig. 22a–b.―
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0ABE109FFFF5FFFDFCD86D59FC61FC98" author="Fell" box="[780,924,836,858]" page="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" year="1960">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B7FFFF5FFFDFCD86D59FC8AFC98" author="Fell" box="[780,887,836,858]" pageId="7" pageNumber="393" refString="Fell, H. B. (1960) Synoptic keys to the genera of Ophiuroidea. Zoological Publications of the Victoria University Wellington, 24, 1 - 40." type="journal article" year="1960">Fell, 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 12
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
(key).―
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0ABE109FFFF5FFFDFC216D59FAD5FC98" author="Solis-Marin" box="[1013,1320,836,858]" page="128" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" year="2005">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B7FFFF5FFFDFC216D59FB0EFC98" author="Solis-Marin" box="[1013,1267,836,858]" pageId="7" pageNumber="394" refString="Solis-Marin, F. A., Laguarda-Figueras, A., Duran-Gonzalez, A., Ahearn, C. G., Buitron-Sanchez, B. E. & Torres-Veja, J. (2005) Equinodermos (Echinodermata) del Golfo de California, Mexico. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 53 (Supl. 3), 123 - 137." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
|||
|
|
Solís-Marín
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF5FFFDFBAE6D58FB48FC98" box="[1146,1205,836,858]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">et al.,</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2005
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 128
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
; 2013: 564 (list).
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C3056505FFF5FFFDFF436DB8FEC7FA8B" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" type="materials_examined">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA0368EFFF5FFFDFF436DB8FCB7FC20" blockId="7.[151,1437,933,2038]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF5FFFDFF436DB8FEB5FC7C" bold="true" box="[151,328,933,958]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54A4882CFFF5FFFDFF436DB8FF2FFC7C" box="[151,210,933,958]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
material.
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Zoological Museum of Natural History Museum of
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F308761EFFF5FFFDFC786DB8FBE5FC7C" box="[940,1048,933,958]" name="Denmark" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Denmark</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
. Two
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54A4882CFFF5FFFDFBB56DBBFB3AFC7C" box="[1121,1223,934,958]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
:
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE4BFFF5FFFDFB016DBBFADBFC7C" box="[1237,1318,934,958]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">ZMUC</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE4BFFF5FFFDFAE46DBBFA95FC7C" box="[1328,1384,934,958]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">OPH</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
251 (examined from photographs provided by Dr. Jørgen Olesen).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA0368EFFF5FFFDFF136DF0FBF4FBC7" blockId="7.[151,1437,933,2038]" box="[199,1033,1005,1030]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF5FFFDFF136DF0FE98FBC4" bold="true" box="[199,357,1005,1030]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54A4882CFFF5FFFDFF136DF0FEFFFBC4" box="[199,258,1005,1030]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
locality.
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
South of San José, Perlas Islands, Pacific
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F308761EFFF5FFFDFCEB6DF3FC66FBC7" box="[831,923,1006,1029]" name="Panama" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE79B6BFFF5FFFDFC726DF0FBF8FBC7" box="[934,1029,1005,1030]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.572" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" unit="m" value="45.72">45.72 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA0368EFFF5FFFDFF136A0CFEC7FA8B" blockId="7.[151,1437,933,2038]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF5FFFDFF136A0CFD3CFBE8" bold="true" box="[199,705,1041,1066]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Material examined. ICML-UNAM 3.41.0</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, 1 spm. (dd =
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE79B6BFFF5FFFDFCAA6A0FFC11FBE8" box="[894,1004,1042,1066]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.19" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" unit="mm" value="4.19">4.19 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
), E. of San Marcos Islands, Gulf of California, coll. Hancock Pacific Expedition,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFA1104EFFF5FFFDFD7E6A2BFC9CFB8C" box="[682,865,1077,1102]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" value="1936-03-14">14 March 1936</date>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF5FFFDFCA46A28FB93FB8C" bold="true" box="[880,1134,1077,1102]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">ICML-UNAM 3.41.4</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, 1 spm. (dd =
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE79B6BFFF5FFFDFAF06A2BFA6DFB8C" box="[1316,1424,1078,1102]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.28" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" unit="mm" value="3.28">3.28 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
), North of
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F308761EFFF5FFFDFF2B6A44FEDAFBB0" box="[255,295,1113,1138]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Isla</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
Tiburón, Gulf of California, St. 27, coll. Dr. Maria Elena Caso, Hendrichx Van der Heidel, Toledano G., Álvaro Cortés, 0
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFA1104EFFF5FFFDFE526A63FDE4FB54" box="[390,537,1150,1174]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" value="1982-05-07">7 May 1982</date>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF5FFFDFDFE6A60FCD5FB54" bold="true" box="[554,808,1149,1174]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">ICML-UNAM 3.41.1</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, 1 spm. (dd = 4.0 mm), Punta San Marcial, Gulf of California, St. 0 8, coll. Dr. Maria Elena Caso & Laura Calva Benítez, Cortés Cruise III,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFA1104EFFF5FFFDFB776ABFFAC5FB78" box="[1187,1336,1185,1210]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" value="1985-05-30">30 May1985</date>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF5FFFDFA926ABCFEC1FB1C" bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE4BFFF5FFFDFA926ABCFA66FB78" box="[1350,1435,1185,1210]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">ICML-</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE4BFFF5FFFDFF436AD8FF13FB1C" box="[151,238,1221,1246]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/10ei-x9nj" name="Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">UNAM</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
3.41.2
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, 1 spm. (dd =
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE79B6BFFF5FFFDFE366AD8FDB6FB1C" box="[482,587,1221,1246]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.61" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" unit="mm" value="3.61">3.61 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
), Ponta Arboleda, Gulf of California, St. 16, coll. Juan Torres Vega, Cortés Cruise III,
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFA1104EFFF5FFFDFEC46AF7FE40FAC0" box="[272,445,1257,1282]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" value="1985-03-12">12 March 1985</date>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF5FFFDFE1C6AF4FD3CFAC0" bold="true" box="[456,705,1257,1282]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">ICML-UNAM 3.41.3</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, 1 spm. (dd =
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE79B6BFFF5FFFDFCB46AF7FC3AFAC0" box="[864,967,1258,1282]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.11" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" unit="mm" value="4.11">4.11 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
), La Paz Bay, Baja California Sur.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF5FFFDFA9D6AF4FF07FAE4" bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE4BFFF5FFFDFA9D6AF4FA61FAC0" box="[1353,1436,1257,1282]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">USMN</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
<accessionNumber id="944CAB6DFFF5FFFDFF436B10FF07FAE4" box="[151,250,1293,1318]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/E30907" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" type="EnaNcbi">E 30907</accessionNumber>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, 5 spms. (dd = 2.13, 3.34, 3.51, 3.61, and
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE79B6BFFF5FFFDFD2C6B10FC9EFAE4" box="[760,867,1293,1318]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.63" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" unit="mm" value="3.63">3.63 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
), Off Southern California, California,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F308761EFFF5FFFDFAF56B13FAA1FAE4" box="[1313,1372,1294,1318]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">USA</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
, coll. Wolfson, F. H.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C3056505FFF5FFFDFF136B48FB0FFA74" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" type="diagnosis">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA0368EFFF5FFFDFF136B48FB0FFA74" blockId="7.[151,1437,933,2038]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF5FFFDFF136B48FEBCFAAC" bold="true" box="[199,321,1365,1390]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Interradius covered by a single row of large polygonal plates. Arms short, flattened dorso-ventrally. Dorsal arm plate triangular or pentagonal. Ventral arm plate pentagonal and swollen. Dorsal and ventral arm plate with simple and fine stereom and some tubercles on central regions of plate. Tentacle scale lacking.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C3056505FFF5FFF0FF136BDCFEEEFEDF" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="391" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" type="description">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA0368EFFF5FFFDFF136BDCFC68F880" blockId="7.[151,1437,933,2038]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF5FFFDFF136BDCFEA4FA18" bold="true" box="[199,345,1473,1498]" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Description.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Disc circular (dd =
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE79B6BFFF5FFFDFD926BDFFD4DFA18" box="[582,688,1474,1498]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.19" pageId="7" pageNumber="388" unit="mm" value="4.19">4.19 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
), covered by few, flattened, polygonal, large plates (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFF5FFFDFADA6BDCFAAEFA18" box="[1294,1363,1473,1498]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1890,1912]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,589,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[340,1247,589,1869]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Morphological characters of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. (A) Dorsal view; (B) Ventral view; (C) Detail of the oral frame; (D) Detail of the disc; (E) Genital plates; (F) Ventral view of the arm; (G) Dorsal view of the arm. Abr: abradial genital plate; Adr: adradial genital plate; ADS: adoral shield; AS: arm spine; BS: bursal slit; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IP: infradental papillae; IT: interrradius; LAP: lateral arm plate; OP: oral papillae; OS: oral shield; RS: radial shield; TS: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate. (Photos 5 A, B, F and G courtesy of Rafael B. Moura)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261984/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
A, D). Radial shields large, approximately twice as long as wide, united along their full length, swollen at their distal adradial corner (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFF5FFFDFE9B6814FE6EF9E0" box="[335,403,1545,1570]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1890,1912]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,589,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[340,1247,589,1869]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Morphological characters of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. (A) Dorsal view; (B) Ventral view; (C) Detail of the oral frame; (D) Detail of the disc; (E) Genital plates; (F) Ventral view of the arm; (G) Dorsal view of the arm. Abr: abradial genital plate; Adr: adradial genital plate; ADS: adoral shield; AS: arm spine; BS: bursal slit; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IP: infradental papillae; IT: interrradius; LAP: lateral arm plate; OP: oral papillae; OS: oral shield; RS: radial shield; TS: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate. (Photos 5 A, B, F and G courtesy of Rafael B. Moura)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261984/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
A, D, G). A triangular plate separating distal extremities of radial shields sometimes present (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFF5FFFDFF4B6830FF19F984" box="[159,228,1581,1606]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1890,1912]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,589,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[340,1247,589,1869]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Morphological characters of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. (A) Dorsal view; (B) Ventral view; (C) Detail of the oral frame; (D) Detail of the disc; (E) Genital plates; (F) Ventral view of the arm; (G) Dorsal view of the arm. Abr: abradial genital plate; Adr: adradial genital plate; ADS: adoral shield; AS: arm spine; BS: bursal slit; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IP: infradental papillae; IT: interrradius; LAP: lateral arm plate; OP: oral papillae; OS: oral shield; RS: radial shield; TS: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate. (Photos 5 A, B, F and G courtesy of Rafael B. Moura)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261984/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
D). Interradius covered by a single row of 2-3 large polygonal plates (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFF5FFFDFC2C6830FBC1F984" box="[1016,1084,1581,1606]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1890,1912]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,589,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[340,1247,589,1869]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Morphological characters of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. (A) Dorsal view; (B) Ventral view; (C) Detail of the oral frame; (D) Detail of the disc; (E) Genital plates; (F) Ventral view of the arm; (G) Dorsal view of the arm. Abr: abradial genital plate; Adr: adradial genital plate; ADS: adoral shield; AS: arm spine; BS: bursal slit; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IP: infradental papillae; IT: interrradius; LAP: lateral arm plate; OP: oral papillae; OS: oral shield; RS: radial shield; TS: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate. (Photos 5 A, B, F and G courtesy of Rafael B. Moura)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261984/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
A, D, G), marginal plate larger, wider, and trapezoid. Central region of disc covered by 10 to 20 flattened, polygonal plates (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFF5FFFDFB42684CFB24F9A8" box="[1174,1241,1617,1642]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1890,1912]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,589,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[340,1247,589,1869]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Morphological characters of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. (A) Dorsal view; (B) Ventral view; (C) Detail of the oral frame; (D) Detail of the disc; (E) Genital plates; (F) Ventral view of the arm; (G) Dorsal view of the arm. Abr: abradial genital plate; Adr: adradial genital plate; ADS: adoral shield; AS: arm spine; BS: bursal slit; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IP: infradental papillae; IT: interrradius; LAP: lateral arm plate; OP: oral papillae; OS: oral shield; RS: radial shield; TS: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate. (Photos 5 A, B, F and G courtesy of Rafael B. Moura)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261984/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
A, D), sometimes with small triangular or square plates occurring between them. Ventral interradius covered by imbricating scales smaller than the dorsal plates (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFF5FFFDFE396884FDCCF970" box="[493,561,1689,1714]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1890,1912]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,589,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[340,1247,589,1869]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Morphological characters of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. (A) Dorsal view; (B) Ventral view; (C) Detail of the oral frame; (D) Detail of the disc; (E) Genital plates; (F) Ventral view of the arm; (G) Dorsal view of the arm. Abr: abradial genital plate; Adr: adradial genital plate; ADS: adoral shield; AS: arm spine; BS: bursal slit; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IP: infradental papillae; IT: interrradius; LAP: lateral arm plate; OP: oral papillae; OS: oral shield; RS: radial shield; TS: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate. (Photos 5 A, B, F and G courtesy of Rafael B. Moura)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261984/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
B, C, F). Bursal slits short, localized on lateral margin of oral shields (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFF5FFFDFA946884FA7FF970" box="[1344,1410,1689,1714]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1492,1514]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,193,1470]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[340,1247,193,1471]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. SEM photographs of internal skeletal characters of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. (A) External view of lateral arm plate, detail of the ornamentation; (B) Internal view of lateral arm plate; (C) Distal view of lateral arm plate, detail of spine articulation; (D) Arm spines; (E) Base of arm spine showing articulation, detail of the minute thorns; (F) Dorsal arm plate; (G) Ventral arm plate; (H) Distal view of vertebra; (I) Proximal view of vertebra; (J) Ventral view of vertebra; (L) Lateral view of vertebra. MO: muscle opening; NO: nerve opening." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261985/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
B, C, F). Jaw short (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFF5FFFDFE8A68A0FE59F914" box="[350,420,1725,1750]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1890,1912]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,589,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[340,1247,589,1869]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Morphological characters of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. (A) Dorsal view; (B) Ventral view; (C) Detail of the oral frame; (D) Detail of the disc; (E) Genital plates; (F) Ventral view of the arm; (G) Dorsal view of the arm. Abr: abradial genital plate; Adr: adradial genital plate; ADS: adoral shield; AS: arm spine; BS: bursal slit; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IP: infradental papillae; IT: interrradius; LAP: lateral arm plate; OP: oral papillae; OS: oral shield; RS: radial shield; TS: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate. (Photos 5 A, B, F and G courtesy of Rafael B. Moura)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261984/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
C). Oral shields small, diamond shaped, longer than wide, with proximal angle sharp and distal angle rounded (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFF5FFFDFE5C68FCFE31F938" box="[392,460,1761,1786]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1890,1912]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,589,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[340,1247,589,1869]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Morphological characters of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. (A) Dorsal view; (B) Ventral view; (C) Detail of the oral frame; (D) Detail of the disc; (E) Genital plates; (F) Ventral view of the arm; (G) Dorsal view of the arm. Abr: abradial genital plate; Adr: adradial genital plate; ADS: adoral shield; AS: arm spine; BS: bursal slit; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IP: infradental papillae; IT: interrradius; LAP: lateral arm plate; OP: oral papillae; OS: oral shield; RS: radial shield; TS: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate. (Photos 5 A, B, F and G courtesy of Rafael B. Moura)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261984/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
C, F). Madreporite not differentiated. Adoral shields large, tumid, as long as wide, fully united proximally (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFF5FFFDFEA56918FE48F8DC" box="[369,437,1797,1822]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1890,1912]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,589,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[340,1247,589,1869]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Morphological characters of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. (A) Dorsal view; (B) Ventral view; (C) Detail of the oral frame; (D) Detail of the disc; (E) Genital plates; (F) Ventral view of the arm; (G) Dorsal view of the arm. Abr: abradial genital plate; Adr: adradial genital plate; ADS: adoral shield; AS: arm spine; BS: bursal slit; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IP: infradental papillae; IT: interrradius; LAP: lateral arm plate; OP: oral papillae; OS: oral shield; RS: radial shield; TS: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate. (Photos 5 A, B, F and G courtesy of Rafael B. Moura)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261984/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
C, F). Infradental papillae rectangular (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFF5FFFDFCA66918FC4BF8DC" box="[882,950,1797,1822]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1890,1912]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,589,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[340,1247,589,1869]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Morphological characters of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. (A) Dorsal view; (B) Ventral view; (C) Detail of the oral frame; (D) Detail of the disc; (E) Genital plates; (F) Ventral view of the arm; (G) Dorsal view of the arm. Abr: abradial genital plate; Adr: adradial genital plate; ADS: adoral shield; AS: arm spine; BS: bursal slit; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IP: infradental papillae; IT: interrradius; LAP: lateral arm plate; OP: oral papillae; OS: oral shield; RS: radial shield; TS: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate. (Photos 5 A, B, F and G courtesy of Rafael B. Moura)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261984/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
C, F). Two oral papillae, distal longest and opercular, proximal most small and slightly rectangular (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFF5FFFDFCC66934FCABF880" box="[786,854,1833,1858]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1890,1912]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,589,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[340,1247,589,1869]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Morphological characters of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. (A) Dorsal view; (B) Ventral view; (C) Detail of the oral frame; (D) Detail of the disc; (E) Genital plates; (F) Ventral view of the arm; (G) Dorsal view of the arm. Abr: abradial genital plate; Adr: adradial genital plate; ADS: adoral shield; AS: arm spine; BS: bursal slit; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IP: infradental papillae; IT: interrradius; LAP: lateral arm plate; OP: oral papillae; OS: oral shield; RS: radial shield; TS: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate. (Photos 5 A, B, F and G courtesy of Rafael B. Moura)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261984/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
C, F).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA0368EFFF5FFF2FF136950FCF1FDDA" blockId="7.[151,1437,933,2038]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,151,536]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="389" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">
|
|||
|
|
Five short arms, approximately 2.5 times the diameter of the disc, slightly flattened dorso-ventrally (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFF5FFFDFAE96950FA7FF8A4" box="[1341,1410,1869,1894]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1890,1912]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,589,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[340,1247,589,1869]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Morphological characters of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. (A) Dorsal view; (B) Ventral view; (C) Detail of the oral frame; (D) Detail of the disc; (E) Genital plates; (F) Ventral view of the arm; (G) Dorsal view of the arm. Abr: abradial genital plate; Adr: adradial genital plate; ADS: adoral shield; AS: arm spine; BS: bursal slit; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IP: infradental papillae; IT: interrradius; LAP: lateral arm plate; OP: oral papillae; OS: oral shield; RS: radial shield; TS: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate. (Photos 5 A, B, F and G courtesy of Rafael B. Moura)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261984/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
A, B, G). Dorsal arm plate pentagonal or triangular, two times wider than long, with distal margin straight (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFF5FFFDFAE9696CFA7FF848" box="[1341,1410,1905,1930]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1890,1912]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,589,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[340,1247,589,1869]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Morphological characters of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. (A) Dorsal view; (B) Ventral view; (C) Detail of the oral frame; (D) Detail of the disc; (E) Genital plates; (F) Ventral view of the arm; (G) Dorsal view of the arm. Abr: abradial genital plate; Adr: adradial genital plate; ADS: adoral shield; AS: arm spine; BS: bursal slit; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IP: infradental papillae; IT: interrradius; LAP: lateral arm plate; OP: oral papillae; OS: oral shield; RS: radial shield; TS: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate. (Photos 5 A, B, F and G courtesy of Rafael B. Moura)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261984/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
D, G). Simple and fine stereom with minute thorns, with some tubercles in central area of plate (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFF5FFFDFB646988FB0EF86C" box="[1200,1267,1941,1966]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1492,1514]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,193,1470]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[340,1247,193,1471]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. SEM photographs of internal skeletal characters of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. (A) External view of lateral arm plate, detail of the ornamentation; (B) Internal view of lateral arm plate; (C) Distal view of lateral arm plate, detail of spine articulation; (D) Arm spines; (E) Base of arm spine showing articulation, detail of the minute thorns; (F) Dorsal arm plate; (G) Ventral arm plate; (H) Distal view of vertebra; (I) Proximal view of vertebra; (J) Ventral view of vertebra; (L) Lateral view of vertebra. MO: muscle opening; NO: nerve opening." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261985/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
F). Lateral arm plate visible dorsally and ventrally, with simple stereom (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFF5FFFDFCED69A4FC7DF810" box="[825,896,1977,2002]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1890,1912]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,589,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[340,1247,589,1869]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Morphological characters of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. (A) Dorsal view; (B) Ventral view; (C) Detail of the oral frame; (D) Detail of the disc; (E) Genital plates; (F) Ventral view of the arm; (G) Dorsal view of the arm. Abr: abradial genital plate; Adr: adradial genital plate; ADS: adoral shield; AS: arm spine; BS: bursal slit; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IP: infradental papillae; IT: interrradius; LAP: lateral arm plate; OP: oral papillae; OS: oral shield; RS: radial shield; TS: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate. (Photos 5 A, B, F and G courtesy of Rafael B. Moura)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261984/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="388">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
A, B, 6A), pairs united dorsally and ventrally. Isolated plate from proximal arm about twice as high as wide, simple stereom with minute thorns on distal portion (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFFAFFF2FF4B6E8AFF18FF72" box="[159,229,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1492,1514]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,193,1470]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[340,1247,193,1471]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. SEM photographs of internal skeletal characters of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. (A) External view of lateral arm plate, detail of the ornamentation; (B) Internal view of lateral arm plate; (C) Distal view of lateral arm plate, detail of spine articulation; (D) Arm spines; (E) Base of arm spine showing articulation, detail of the minute thorns; (F) Dorsal arm plate; (G) Ventral arm plate; (H) Distal view of vertebra; (I) Proximal view of vertebra; (J) Ventral view of vertebra; (L) Lateral view of vertebra. MO: muscle opening; NO: nerve opening." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261985/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
A). Inner side of lateral plate slightly differentiated, with vertical and sinuous ridge, reaching middle of length of plate, flat knob on lower proximal part, inner perforation not discernible (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFFAFFF2FBE16EA1FB85FF17" box="[1077,1144,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1492,1514]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,193,1470]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[340,1247,193,1471]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. SEM photographs of internal skeletal characters of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. (A) External view of lateral arm plate, detail of the ornamentation; (B) Internal view of lateral arm plate; (C) Distal view of lateral arm plate, detail of spine articulation; (D) Arm spines; (E) Base of arm spine showing articulation, detail of the minute thorns; (F) Dorsal arm plate; (G) Ventral arm plate; (H) Distal view of vertebra; (I) Proximal view of vertebra; (J) Ventral view of vertebra; (L) Lateral view of vertebra. MO: muscle opening; NO: nerve opening." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261985/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
B). Arm spine articulation formed by two lip-shaped parallel ridges of equal length, slightly curved, separated at both ends, two large openings of nearly equal size between them (muscle and nerve opening) (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFFAFFF2FC0B6F19FBDEFEDF" box="[991,1059,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1492,1514]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,193,1470]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[340,1247,193,1471]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. SEM photographs of internal skeletal characters of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. (A) External view of lateral arm plate, detail of the ornamentation; (B) Internal view of lateral arm plate; (C) Distal view of lateral arm plate, detail of spine articulation; (D) Arm spines; (E) Base of arm spine showing articulation, detail of the minute thorns; (F) Dorsal arm plate; (G) Ventral arm plate; (H) Distal view of vertebra; (I) Proximal view of vertebra; (J) Ventral view of vertebra; (L) Lateral view of vertebra. MO: muscle opening; NO: nerve opening." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261985/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
C). Ventral arm plate pentagonal, swollen, 1.5 times wider than long, proximal angle strongly pointed and distal margin straight (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFFAFFF2FB3B6F3AFACBFE82" box="[1263,1334,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1890,1912]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,589,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[340,1247,589,1869]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Morphological characters of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. (A) Dorsal view; (B) Ventral view; (C) Detail of the oral frame; (D) Detail of the disc; (E) Genital plates; (F) Ventral view of the arm; (G) Dorsal view of the arm. Abr: abradial genital plate; Adr: adradial genital plate; ADS: adoral shield; AS: arm spine; BS: bursal slit; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IP: infradental papillae; IT: interrradius; LAP: lateral arm plate; OP: oral papillae; OS: oral shield; RS: radial shield; TS: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate. (Photos 5 A, B, F and G courtesy of Rafael B. Moura)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261984/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
B, C, F), largely separated from following plate. Simple and fine stereom with minute thorns, with some tubercles in central region of plate (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFFAFFF2FE9F6F72FE73FE4A" box="[331,398,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1492,1514]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,193,1470]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[340,1247,193,1471]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. SEM photographs of internal skeletal characters of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. (A) External view of lateral arm plate, detail of the ornamentation; (B) Internal view of lateral arm plate; (C) Distal view of lateral arm plate, detail of spine articulation; (D) Arm spines; (E) Base of arm spine showing articulation, detail of the minute thorns; (F) Dorsal arm plate; (G) Ventral arm plate; (H) Distal view of vertebra; (I) Proximal view of vertebra; (J) Ventral view of vertebra; (L) Lateral view of vertebra. MO: muscle opening; NO: nerve opening." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261985/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
G). First ventral arm plate very small, narrow, pentagonal, twice longer than wide (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFFAFFF2FAE26F72FA86FE4A" box="[1334,1403,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1890,1912]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,589,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[340,1247,589,1869]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Morphological characters of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. (A) Dorsal view; (B) Ventral view; (C) Detail of the oral frame; (D) Detail of the disc; (E) Genital plates; (F) Ventral view of the arm; (G) Dorsal view of the arm. Abr: abradial genital plate; Adr: adradial genital plate; ADS: adoral shield; AS: arm spine; BS: bursal slit; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IP: infradental papillae; IT: interrradius; LAP: lateral arm plate; OP: oral papillae; OS: oral shield; RS: radial shield; TS: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate. (Photos 5 A, B, F and G courtesy of Rafael B. Moura)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261984/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
C). Three to six arm spines, thin; the dorsal one is the longest (as long as one arm segment), remaining ones decrease in ventral direction (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFFAFFF2FEB76FAAFE55FE12" box="[355,424,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1890,1912]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,589,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[340,1247,589,1869]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Morphological characters of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. (A) Dorsal view; (B) Ventral view; (C) Detail of the oral frame; (D) Detail of the disc; (E) Genital plates; (F) Ventral view of the arm; (G) Dorsal view of the arm. Abr: abradial genital plate; Adr: adradial genital plate; ADS: adoral shield; AS: arm spine; BS: bursal slit; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IP: infradental papillae; IT: interrradius; LAP: lateral arm plate; OP: oral papillae; OS: oral shield; RS: radial shield; TS: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate. (Photos 5 A, B, F and G courtesy of Rafael B. Moura)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261984/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
A). First arm segment with two arm spines, second with three, third with four, and from fifth onwards, six arm spines. Distal segments with only three arm spines. Arm spines with minute thorns (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFFAFFF2FAEB6FC1FA7CFE37" box="[1343,1409,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1492,1514]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,193,1470]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[340,1247,193,1471]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. SEM photographs of internal skeletal characters of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. (A) External view of lateral arm plate, detail of the ornamentation; (B) Internal view of lateral arm plate; (C) Distal view of lateral arm plate, detail of spine articulation; (D) Arm spines; (E) Base of arm spine showing articulation, detail of the minute thorns; (F) Dorsal arm plate; (G) Ventral arm plate; (H) Distal view of vertebra; (I) Proximal view of vertebra; (J) Ventral view of vertebra; (L) Lateral view of vertebra. MO: muscle opening; NO: nerve opening." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261985/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
D, E). Tentacle pore large. Tentacle scale lacking (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFFAFFF2FD7D6FE2FD10FDDA" box="[681,749,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1890,1912]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,589,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[340,1247,589,1869]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Morphological characters of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. (A) Dorsal view; (B) Ventral view; (C) Detail of the oral frame; (D) Detail of the disc; (E) Genital plates; (F) Ventral view of the arm; (G) Dorsal view of the arm. Abr: abradial genital plate; Adr: adradial genital plate; ADS: adoral shield; AS: arm spine; BS: bursal slit; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IP: infradental papillae; IT: interrradius; LAP: lateral arm plate; OP: oral papillae; OS: oral shield; RS: radial shield; TS: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate. (Photos 5 A, B, F and G courtesy of Rafael B. Moura)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261984/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
F).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF606606FFFAFFF2FF43697FFB8CF831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261984/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="389" targetBox="[340,1246,589,1866]" targetPageId="8">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA0368EFFFAFFF2FF43697FFB8CF831" blockId="8.[151,1436,1890,2035]" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFFAFFF2FF43697FFEE9F8BA" bold="true" box="[151,276,1890,1912]" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Morphological characters of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFFAFFF2FD91697FFC0FF8BA" authority="Nielsen, 1932" authorityName="Nielsen" authorityYear="1932" box="[581,1010,1890,1912]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Amphipholizona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="8" pageNumber="389" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="perplexa" status="comb. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFFAFFF2FD91697FFCB1F8BA" box="[581,844,1890,1912]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">Amphipholizona perplexa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Nielsen, 1932)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25857E7FFFAFFF2FC2E697EFB96F8BA" box="[1018,1131,1890,1912]" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">new comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFFAFFF2FBA7697FFB6BF8BA" bold="true" box="[1139,1174,1890,1912]" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">(A)</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Dorsal view;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFFAFFF2FAFD697FFAB6F8BA" bold="true" box="[1321,1355,1890,1912]" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">(B)</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Ventral view;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFFAFFF2FF01699CFF05F855" bold="true" box="[213,248,1921,1943]" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">(C)</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Detail of the oral frame;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFFAFFF2FE22699CFDE7F855" bold="true" box="[502,538,1921,1943]" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">(D)</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Detail of the disc;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFFAFFF2FD0C699CFD07F855" bold="true" box="[728,762,1921,1943]" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">(E)</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Genital plates;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFFAFFF2FC4C699CFC45F855" bold="true" box="[920,952,1921,1943]" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">(F)</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Ventral view of the arm;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFFAFFF2FB63699CFB21F855" bold="true" box="[1207,1244,1921,1943]" pageId="8" pageNumber="389">(G)</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Dorsal view of the arm. Abr: abradial genital plate; Adr: adradial genital plate; ADS: adoral shield; AS: arm spine; BS: bursal slit; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IP: infradental papillae; IT: interrradius; LAP: lateral arm plate; OP: oral papillae; OS: oral shield; RS: radial shield; TS: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate. (Photos 5A, B, F and G courtesy of Rafael B. Moura).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF606606FFFBFFF3FF436BC9FC31F9A7" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261985/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="390" targetBox="[340,1246,193,1470]" targetPageId="9">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA0368EFFFBFFF3FF436BC9FC31F9A7" blockId="9.[151,1436,1492,1637]" pageId="9" pageNumber="390">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFFBFFF3FF436BC9FEEBFA28" bold="true" box="[151,278,1492,1514]" pageId="9" pageNumber="390">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
SEM photographs of internal skeletal characters of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFFBFFF3FC946BC9FB0EFA28" authority="Nielsen, 1932" authorityName="Nielsen" authorityYear="1932" box="[832,1267,1492,1514]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Amphipholizona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="9" pageNumber="390" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="perplexa" status="comb. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFFBFFF3FC946BC9FBB4FA28" box="[832,1097,1492,1514]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="390">Amphipholizona perplexa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Nielsen, 1932)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25857E7FFFBFFF3FB286BC8FA8DFA28" box="[1276,1392,1492,1514]" pageId="9" pageNumber="390">new comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFFBFFF3FAAD6BC9FA61FA28" bold="true" box="[1401,1436,1492,1514]" pageId="9" pageNumber="390">(A)</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
External view of lateral arm plate, detail of the ornamentation;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFFBFFF3FCCC6BEEFCC7F9CB" bold="true" box="[792,826,1523,1545]" pageId="9" pageNumber="390">(B)</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Internal view of lateral arm plate;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFFBFFF3FB486BEEFB42F9CB" bold="true" box="[1180,1215,1523,1545]" pageId="9" pageNumber="390">(C)</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Distal view of lateral arm plate, detail of spine articulation;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFFBFFF3FDCE680FFDC3F9EA" bold="true" box="[538,574,1554,1576]" pageId="9" pageNumber="390">(D)</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Arm spines;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFFBFFF3FD12680FFD15F9EA" bold="true" box="[710,744,1554,1576]" pageId="9" pageNumber="390">(E)</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Base of arm spine showing articulation, detail of the minute thorns;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFFBFFF3FF43682DFF45F984" bold="true" box="[151,184,1584,1606]" pageId="9" pageNumber="390">(F)</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Dorsal arm plate;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFFBFFF3FEA8682DFE5DF984" bold="true" box="[380,416,1584,1606]" pageId="9" pageNumber="390">(G)</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Ventral arm plate;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFFBFFF3FDBE682DFD72F984" bold="true" box="[618,655,1584,1606]" pageId="9" pageNumber="390">(H)</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Distal view of vertebra;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFFBFFF3FC41682DFC52F984" bold="true" box="[917,943,1584,1606]" pageId="9" pageNumber="390">(I)</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Proximal view of vertebra;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFFBFFF3FB02682DFB09F984" bold="true" box="[1238,1268,1584,1606]" pageId="9" pageNumber="390">(J)</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Ventral view of vertebra;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFFBFFF3FF236852FEE4F9A7" bold="true" box="[247,281,1615,1637]" pageId="9" pageNumber="390">(L)</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Lateral view of vertebra. MO: muscle opening; NO: nerve opening.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA0368EFFFBFFF3FF13688FFCAAF8D4" blockId="9.[151,1437,1682,2031]" pageId="9" pageNumber="390">
|
|||
|
|
The vertebrae are slightly longer than wide, non-keeled, with dorsal median groove V-shaped, a welldeveloped lateral curved groove, and a zygospondylous articulation (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFFBFFF3FC7568A8FC18F90C" box="[929,997,1717,1742]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1492,1514]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,193,1470]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[340,1247,193,1471]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. SEM photographs of internal skeletal characters of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. (A) External view of lateral arm plate, detail of the ornamentation; (B) Internal view of lateral arm plate; (C) Distal view of lateral arm plate, detail of spine articulation; (D) Arm spines; (E) Base of arm spine showing articulation, detail of the minute thorns; (F) Dorsal arm plate; (G) Ventral arm plate; (H) Distal view of vertebra; (I) Proximal view of vertebra; (J) Ventral view of vertebra; (L) Lateral view of vertebra. MO: muscle opening; NO: nerve opening." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261985/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="390">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
H, I, J, L). In proximal view the aboral muscle area (am) is slightly smaller than the oral muscle area (om), which is concave in distal direction (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFFBFFF3FAF268C7FA94F931" box="[1318,1385,1754,1779]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1492,1514]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,193,1470]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[340,1247,193,1471]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. SEM photographs of internal skeletal characters of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. (A) External view of lateral arm plate, detail of the ornamentation; (B) Internal view of lateral arm plate; (C) Distal view of lateral arm plate, detail of spine articulation; (D) Arm spines; (E) Base of arm spine showing articulation, detail of the minute thorns; (F) Dorsal arm plate; (G) Ventral arm plate; (H) Distal view of vertebra; (I) Proximal view of vertebra; (J) Ventral view of vertebra; (L) Lateral view of vertebra. MO: muscle opening; NO: nerve opening." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261985/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="390">
|
|||
|
|
Fig.
|
|||
|
|
<date id="FFA1104EFFFBFFF3FA8E68C7FA94F931" box="[1370,1385,1754,1779]" pageId="9" pageNumber="390">5</date>
|
|||
|
|
</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
I). A well-developed suture line in dorsal and ventral view (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFFBFFF3FD2D68E0FCC1F8D4" box="[761,828,1789,1814]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1492,1514]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,193,1470]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[340,1247,193,1471]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. SEM photographs of internal skeletal characters of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. (A) External view of lateral arm plate, detail of the ornamentation; (B) Internal view of lateral arm plate; (C) Distal view of lateral arm plate, detail of spine articulation; (D) Arm spines; (E) Base of arm spine showing articulation, detail of the minute thorns; (F) Dorsal arm plate; (G) Ventral arm plate; (H) Distal view of vertebra; (I) Proximal view of vertebra; (J) Ventral view of vertebra; (L) Lateral view of vertebra. MO: muscle opening; NO: nerve opening." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261985/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="390">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
J).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA0368EFFFBFFF3FF13693FFF3AF840" blockId="9.[151,1437,1682,2031]" pageId="9" pageNumber="390">
|
|||
|
|
Adradial genital plate long, over the three first arm segments and in contact with the two first lateral arm plates by means of a long groove. Abradial genital plate scale-like, articulated laterally to the adradial genital plate (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFFBFFF3FABB6958FF5AF840" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1890,1912]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,589,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[340,1247,589,1869]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Morphological characters of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. (A) Dorsal view; (B) Ventral view; (C) Detail of the oral frame; (D) Detail of the disc; (E) Genital plates; (F) Ventral view of the arm; (G) Dorsal view of the arm. Abr: abradial genital plate; Adr: adradial genital plate; ADS: adoral shield; AS: arm spine; BS: bursal slit; DAP: dorsal arm plate; IP: infradental papillae; IT: interrradius; LAP: lateral arm plate; OP: oral papillae; OS: oral shield; RS: radial shield; TS: tentacle scale; VAP: ventral arm plate. (Photos 5 A, B, F and G courtesy of Rafael B. Moura)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261984/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="390">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
E).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA0368EFFFBFFF0FF136990FEFAFF17" blockId="9.[151,1437,1682,2031]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,151,933]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="391" pageId="9" pageNumber="390">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFFBFFF3FF136990FEBBF864" bold="true" box="[199,326,1933,1958]" pageId="9" pageNumber="390">Variations.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Examined specimens measured between 3.28 and
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE79B6BFFFBFFF3FC176993FBCDF864" box="[963,1072,1934,1958]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.19" pageId="9" pageNumber="390" unit="mm" value="4.19">4.19 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
in disc diameter (dd). Small morphological variations were observed. Only one specimen of
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE79B6BFFFBFFF3FC5569AFFC14F808" box="[897,1001,1970,1995]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.61" pageId="9" pageNumber="390" unit="mm" value="3.61">3.61 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
dd presented the primary plates well developed (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFFBFFF3FECE69CBFEA2F82D" box="[282,351,2006,2031]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1865,1887]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,985,1843]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[340,1247,985,1844]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Images of type material of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. and pictures of distinct specimens showing some diferences in the patterns of dorsal plates of the disc: (A – B) Photos of syntypes ZMUC OPH 251; (C) Illustrations provided by Nielsen (1932) in original description of species; (D) juvenile specimen showing the primary plates; (D – E) specimens without defined primary plates. (Photos of syntypes courtesy of Tom Schiøtte and 6 F courtesy of Rafael B. Moura). CPP: centrodorsal plate; RPP: radial primary plates; RS: radial shield." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261986/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="390">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
D), these were the only plates present at the central region of the disc. The dorsal arm plate can vary from triangular to pentagonal. Usually, dorsal arm plates of triangular shape are observed on the first arm segments.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA0368EFFF8FFF0FF136EC2FEEEFEDF" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="10" pageNumber="391">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF8FFF0FF136EC2FEEDFF3A" bold="true" box="[199,272,223,248]" pageId="10" pageNumber="391">Color.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Specimens preserved in alcohol are whitish. There is no information regarding color of living specimens.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C3056505FFF8FFF0FF136F3AFE33FE6F" pageId="10" pageNumber="391" type="distribution">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA0368EFFF8FFF0FF136F3AFC83FE82" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,933]" box="[199,894,295,320]" pageId="10" pageNumber="391">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF8FFF0FF136F3AFE9DFE82" bold="true" box="[199,352,295,320]" pageId="10" pageNumber="391">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Gulf of California and
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F308761EFFF8FFF0FDBC6F35FD3CFEFD" box="[616,705,296,319]" name="Panama" pageId="10" pageNumber="391">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(Pacific Ocean).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA0368EFFF8FFF0FF136F51FE33FE6F" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="10" pageNumber="391">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF8FFF0FF136F51FE99FEA7" bold="true" box="[199,356,332,357]" pageId="10" pageNumber="391">Depth range.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
From
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE79B6BFFF8FFF0FE646F51FDA0FEA6" box="[432,605,332,357]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.436" metricValueMax="14.3" metricValueMin="4.572" pageId="10" pageNumber="391" unit="m" value="94.36" valueMax="143.0" valueMin="45.72">45.72 to 143 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B7FFFF8FFF0FDB86F51FCFAFEA6" author="Nielsen" box="[620,775,332,357]" pageId="10" pageNumber="394" refString="Nielsen, E. (1932) Papers from Dr. Th. Mortensen's Pacific Expedition 1914 - 1916. Ophiurans from the Gulf of Panama, California, and the Strait of Georgia. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, 91, 241 - 346." type="journal article" year="1932">Nielsen 1932</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B7FFFF8FFF0FCC06F51FBDDFEA6" author="Solis-Marin" box="[788,1056,332,357]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="395" pageId="10" pageNumber="394" refString="Solis-Marin, F. A., Alvarado, J. J., Abreu-Perez, M., Aguilera, O., Alio, J., Bacallado-Aranega, J. J., Barraza, E., Benavides- Serrato, M., Benitez-Villalobos, F., Betancourt-Fernandez, L., Borges, M., Brandt, M., Brogger, M. I., Borrero-Perez, G. H., Buitron-Sanchez, B. E., Campos, L. S., Cantera, J., Clemente, S., Cohen-Renjifo, M., Coppard, S., Costa-Lotufo, L. V., del Valle-Garcia, R., Diaz, Y., Diaz de Vivar, M. E., Diaz-Martinez, J. P., Duran-Gonzalez, A., Epherra, L., Escolar, M., Francisco, V., Freire, C. A., Garcia-Arraras, E., Gil, D. G., Guarderas, P., Hadel, V. F., Hearn, A., Hernandez, J. C., Hernandez-Delgado, E. A., Herrera-Moreno, A., Herrero-Perezrul, M. D., Hooker, Y., Honey-Escandon, M. B. I., Lodeiros, C., Luzuriaga, M., Manso, C. L. C., Martin, A., Martinez, M. I., Martinez, S., Moro-Abad, L., Mutschke, E., Navarro, J. C., Neira, R., Noriega, N., Palleiro-Nayar, J. S., Perez, A. F., Perez-Ruzafa, A., Prieto-Rios, E., Reyes, J., Rodriguez, R., Rubilar, T., Sancho-Mejia, T., Sangil, C., Silva, J. R. M. C., Sonnenholzner, J. I., Ventura, C. R., Tablado, A., Tavares, Y., Tiago, C. G., Tuya, F. & Williams, S. M. (2013) Appendix. In: Alvarado J. J. & Solis-Marin F. A. (Eds.), Echinoderm Research and Diversity in Latin America. Berlin / Heidelberg: Springer, pp. 543 - 654." type="book chapter" year="2013">
|
|||
|
|
Solís-Marín
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF8FFF0FC756F50FC26FEA6" box="[929,987,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="391">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2013
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B7FFFF8FFF0FBE76F51FAB0FEA6" box="[1075,1357,332,357]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="395" pageId="10" pageNumber="394" refString="Solis-Marin, F. A., Alvarado, J. J., Abreu-Perez, M., Aguilera, O., Alio, J., Bacallado-Aranega, J. J., Barraza, E., Benavides- Serrato, M., Benitez-Villalobos, F., Betancourt-Fernandez, L., Borges, M., Brandt, M., Brogger, M. I., Borrero-Perez, G. H., Buitron-Sanchez, B. E., Campos, L. S., Cantera, J., Clemente, S., Cohen-Renjifo, M., Coppard, S., Costa-Lotufo, L. V., del Valle-Garcia, R., Diaz, Y., Diaz de Vivar, M. E., Diaz-Martinez, J. P., Duran-Gonzalez, A., Epherra, L., Escolar, M., Francisco, V., Freire, C. A., Garcia-Arraras, E., Gil, D. G., Guarderas, P., Hadel, V. F., Hearn, A., Hernandez, J. C., Hernandez-Delgado, E. A., Herrera-Moreno, A., Herrero-Perezrul, M. D., Hooker, Y., Honey-Escandon, M. B. I., Lodeiros, C., Luzuriaga, M., Manso, C. L. C., Martin, A., Martinez, M. I., Martinez, S., Moro-Abad, L., Mutschke, E., Navarro, J. C., Neira, R., Noriega, N., Palleiro-Nayar, J. S., Perez, A. F., Perez-Ruzafa, A., Prieto-Rios, E., Reyes, J., Rodriguez, R., Rubilar, T., Sancho-Mejia, T., Sangil, C., Silva, J. R. M. C., Sonnenholzner, J. I., Ventura, C. R., Tablado, A., Tavares, Y., Tiago, C. G., Tuya, F. & Williams, S. M. (2013) Appendix. In: Alvarado J. J. & Solis-Marin F. A. (Eds.), Echinoderm Research and Diversity in Latin America. Berlin / Heidelberg: Springer, pp. 543 - 654." type="book chapter">
|
|||
|
|
Solís-Marín
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF8FFF0FB156F50FB07FEA6" box="[1217,1274,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="391">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(2013)
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
record the occurrence of this species from shallow waters. This may be a mistake, since no specimens analyzed in this work come from this depth.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C3056505FFF8FFF1FF136FAAFA7FF920" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="392" pageId="10" pageNumber="391" type="discussion">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA0368EFFF8FFF0FF136FAAFEC6FDA2" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="10" pageNumber="391">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF8FFF0FF136FAAFEC6FE12" bold="true" box="[199,315,439,464]" pageId="10" pageNumber="391">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B7FFFF8FFF0FE926FAAFE0CFE12" author="Nielsen" box="[326,497,439,464]" pageId="10" pageNumber="394" refString="Nielsen, E. (1932) Papers from Dr. Th. Mortensen's Pacific Expedition 1914 - 1916. Ophiurans from the Gulf of Panama, California, and the Strait of Georgia. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, 91, 241 - 346." type="journal article" year="1932">Nielsen (1932)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
described
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF8FFF0FDA76FA5FC65FE12" box="[627,920,440,464]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Amphipholizona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="10" pageNumber="391" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="perplexa">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF8FFF0FDA76FA5FC65FE12" box="[627,920,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="391">Amphipholizona perplexa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
on the basis of two specimens, with a disc diameter between 3 and
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE79B6BFFF8FFF0FE7D6FC1FE02FE36" box="[425,511,476,501]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="391" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13242A0BFFF8FFF0FDDA6FC1FDACFE37" box="[526,593,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1865,1887]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,985,1843]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[340,1247,985,1844]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Images of type material of Amphipholizona perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb. and pictures of distinct specimens showing some diferences in the patterns of dorsal plates of the disc: (A – B) Photos of syntypes ZMUC OPH 251; (C) Illustrations provided by Nielsen (1932) in original description of species; (D) juvenile specimen showing the primary plates; (D – E) specimens without defined primary plates. (Photos of syntypes courtesy of Tom Schiøtte and 6 F courtesy of Rafael B. Moura). CPP: centrodorsal plate; RPP: radial primary plates; RS: radial shield." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261986/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="391">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
A, B, C), from Perlas Archipelago (Pacific
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F308761EFFF8FFF0FBE36FC1FB6FFE36" box="[1079,1170,476,500]" name="Panama" pageId="10" pageNumber="391">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
) at
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CE79B6BFFF8FFF0FB6F6FC1FAEAFE36" box="[1211,1303,476,501]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.572" pageId="10" pageNumber="391" unit="m" value="45.72">45.72 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
depth. This species has been rarely cited since its original description, being considered extremely rare.
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF8FFF0FB306C1DFF04FDFE" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Amphipholizona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="10" pageNumber="391" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="perplexa">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF8FFF0FB306C1DFF04FDFE" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="391">Amphipholizona perplexa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is currently known from only
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D19FD07FFF8FFF0FDB16C39FCFCFDFF" box="[613,769,548,573]" pageId="10" pageNumber="391" type="generic">10 specimens</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
collected along the coast of California and
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F308761EFFF8FFF0FAD36C38FA9DFDFE" box="[1287,1376,549,572]" name="Panama" pageId="10" pageNumber="391">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
Bay, Pacific Ocean.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA0368EFFF8FFF0FF136C71FE84FC67" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="10" pageNumber="391">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF8FFF0FF136C71FE12FD46" box="[199,495,620,644]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Amphipholizona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="10" pageNumber="391" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="perplexa">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF8FFF0FF136C71FE12FD46" box="[199,495,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="391">Amphipholizona perplexa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(junior synonymy
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF8FFF0FD086C71FC25FD46" box="[732,984,620,644]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Hemieuryalidae" genus="Amphigyptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="10" pageNumber="391" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="perplexa">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF8FFF0FD086C71FC25FD46" box="[732,984,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="391">Amphigyptis perplexa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
) was originally placed in the family
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF8FFF0FF436C92FEB7FD6A" box="[151,330,655,680]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Hemieuryalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="10" pageNumber="391" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Hemieuryalidae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(see comments for the genus), on the basis of the shape of the arm plates, of the oral structure, and of the shape of the bursal slits. However, this classification is incorrect.
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF8FFF0FC306CA9FAF5FD0E" box="[996,1288,692,716]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Amphipholizona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="10" pageNumber="391" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="perplexa">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF8FFF0FC306CA9FAF5FD0E" box="[996,1288,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="391">Amphipholizona perplexa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
differs from
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF8FFF0FF436CCAFEB7FD32" box="[151,330,727,752]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Hemieuryalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="10" pageNumber="391" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Hemieuryalidae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
in several characters, among which are: the presence of a circular disc, infradental papillae, six arm spines, tentacle scale lacking, and arm spine articulation formed by two parallel, slightly curved, ridges of equal length, and abradial and adradial genital plate long and similar in size. All these characters concur with the pattern seen in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF8FFF0FE986D59FE1EFC9F" box="[332,483,836,861]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="10" pageNumber="391" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Amphiuridae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, and fit perfectly with the new diagnosis provided for the genus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF8FFF0FB096D59FA69FC9E" box="[1245,1428,836,860]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Amphipholizona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="10" pageNumber="391" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF8FFF0FB096D59FA69FC9E" box="[1245,1428,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="391">Amphipholizona</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. Consequently, we propose the new combination
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF8FFF0FD6F6D75FC21FC42" box="[699,988,872,896]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Amphipholizona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="10" pageNumber="391" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="perplexa">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF8FFF0FD6F6D75FC21FC42" box="[699,988,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="391">Amphipholizona perplexa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and recommend transferring this genus to the
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF8FFF0FF096D91FE88FC67" box="[221,373,908,933]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="10" pageNumber="391" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Amphiuridae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF606606FFF8FFF0FF436954FC48F818" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261986/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="391" targetBox="[340,1246,985,1843]" targetPageId="10">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA0368EFFF8FFF0FF436954FC48F818" blockId="10.[151,1436,1865,2010]" pageId="10" pageNumber="391">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF8FFF0FF436954FEEFF89D" bold="true" box="[151,274,1865,1887]" pageId="10" pageNumber="391">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Images of type material of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF8FFF0FDF26954FC30F89D" authority="Nielsen, 1932" authorityName="Nielsen" authorityYear="1932" box="[550,973,1865,1887]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Amphipholizona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="10" pageNumber="391" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="perplexa" status="comb. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF8FFF0FDF26954FCD6F89D" box="[550,811,1865,1887]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="391">Amphipholizona perplexa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Nielsen, 1932)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25857E7FFF8FFF0FC076957FBBFF89D" box="[979,1090,1865,1887]" pageId="10" pageNumber="391">new comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
and pictures of distinct specimens showing some diferences in the patterns of dorsal plates of the disc:
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF8FFF0FC5F6975FC36F8BC" bold="true" box="[907,971,1896,1918]" pageId="10" pageNumber="391">(A–B)</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Photos of syntypes ZMUC OPH 251;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF8FFF0FAAD6975FA61F8BC" bold="true" box="[1401,1436,1896,1918]" pageId="10" pageNumber="391">(C)</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Illustrations provided by Nielsen (1932) in original description of species;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF8FFF0FC41699BFC44F85E" bold="true" box="[917,953,1926,1948]" pageId="10" pageNumber="391">(D)</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
juvenile specimen showing the primary plates;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF8FFF0FF4369B8FF2AF879" bold="true" box="[151,215,1957,1979]" pageId="10" pageNumber="391">(D–E)</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
specimens without defined primary plates. (Photos of syntypes courtesy of Tom Schiøtte and 6F courtesy of Rafael B. Moura). CPP: centrodorsal plate; RPP: radial primary plates; RS: radial shield.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA0368EFFF9FFF1FF136E8AFF12FDDA" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
|
|||
|
|
According to
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B7FFFF9FFF1FEB76E8AFDEFFF72" author="Thomas" box="[355,530,151,176]" pageId="11" pageNumber="395" refString="Thomas, L. P. (1966) A revision of the tropical American species of Amphipholis (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea). Bulletim of Marine Science, 16 (4), 827 - 833." type="journal article" year="1966">Thomas (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF9FFF1FDCB6E85FD5CFF72" box="[543,673,152,176]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Amphipholizona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="perplexa">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF9FFF1FDCB6E85FD5CFF72" box="[543,673,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">A. perplexa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is similar to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF9FFF1FCE36E85FADEFF72" authority="H.L. Clark, 1915" authorityName="H.L. Clark" authorityYear="1915" box="[823,1315,151,176]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Amphipholis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pentacantha">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF9FFF1FCE36E85FBA5FF72" box="[823,1112,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Amphipholis pentacantha</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B7FFFF9FFF1FBB46E85FADEFF72" author="Clark" box="[1120,1315,151,176]" pageId="11" pageNumber="393" refString="Clark H. L. (1915) Catalogue of Recent ophiurans. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 25 (4), 163 - 376" type="journal article" year="1915">H.L. Clark, 1915</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. However, according to our observations, this similarity is restricted to the absence of a tentacle scale beyond the fourth arm segment in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF9FFF1FECD6EFDFE39FF3A" box="[281,452,224,248]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Amphipholis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pentacantha">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF9FFF1FECD6EFDFE39FF3A" box="[281,452,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">A. pentacantha</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(there are two tentacle scales on the first segment and one on the second and third arm segments). In all remaining characters (e.g. disc covering, radial shields, dorsal and ventral arm plates, oral and adoral shields) these species are very different (see
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B7FFFF9FFF1FD0A6F35FC66FE82" author="Clark" box="[734,923,295,320]" pageId="11" pageNumber="393" refString="Clark H. L. (1915) Catalogue of Recent ophiurans. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 25 (4), 163 - 376" type="journal article" year="1915">H.L. Clark 1915</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 241, 242, pl. VI, figs. 1–2).
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF9FFF1FB306F35FF04FEA6" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Amphipholizona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="perplexa">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF9FFF1FB306F35FF04FEA6" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Amphipholizona perplexa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is very closely related to
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF9FFF1FDF06F51FD55FEA6" box="[548,680,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF9FFF1FDF06F51FD59FEA6" box="[548,676,332,356]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Amphipholizona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="delicata">A. delicata</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
However,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF9FFF1FCF16F51FC54FEA6" box="[805,937,332,356]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Amphipholizona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="perplexa">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF9FFF1FCF16F51FC54FEA6" box="[805,937,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">A. perplexa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
differs from this latter species for having a short and slightly dorso-ventrally flattened arm, no tentacle scales along the arm and by the shape and ornamentation of the dorsal and ventral arm plates (
|
|||
|
|
<tableCitation id="C69D0335FFF9FFF1FD246F89FCBAFE6E" box="[752,839,404,429]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="11.[151,239,617,640]" captionTargetBox="[151,1422,741,1512]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparison of morphological characters of Amphipholizona delicata H. L. Clark, 1915 and A. perplexa (Nielsen, 1932) new comb." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF606606FFF9FFF1FF436C74FE44FD62" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" tableUuid="DF606606FFF9FFF1FF436C74FE44FD62">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Furthermore, the two species have a well-defined geographical distribution,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF9FFF1FE136FA5FDB1FE12" box="[455,588,440,464]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Amphipholizona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="perplexa">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF9FFF1FE136FA5FDB1FE12" box="[455,588,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">A. perplexa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
occurs in the Pacific Ocean, while
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF9FFF1FC2E6FA5FB84FE12" box="[1018,1145,440,464]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Amphipholizona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="delicata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF9FFF1FC2E6FA5FB84FE12" box="[1018,1145,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">A. delicata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is only known from the Atlantic Ocean. We thus consider the differences sufficient for maintaining
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF9FFF1FC3A6FC1FB95FE36" box="[1006,1128,476,500]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Amphipholizona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="delicata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF9FFF1FC3A6FC1FB95FE36" box="[1006,1128,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">A. delicata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF9FFF1FB746FC1FADFFE36" box="[1184,1314,476,500]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Amphipholizona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="perplexa">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF9FFF1FB746FC1FADFFE36" box="[1184,1314,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">A. perplexa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
as distinct species.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA0368EFFF9FFF1FF136C39FAD6FDFE" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,573]" box="[199,1323,548,573]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF9FFF1FF136C39FE73FDFF" bold="true" box="[199,398,548,573]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Ecological notes.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
This species is found in muddy, sandy or rocky bottoms (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B7FFFF9FFF1FBC06C39FAE2FDFE" author="Solis-Marin" box="[1044,1311,548,573]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="395" pageId="11" pageNumber="394" refString="Solis-Marin, F. A., Alvarado, J. J., Abreu-Perez, M., Aguilera, O., Alio, J., Bacallado-Aranega, J. J., Barraza, E., Benavides- Serrato, M., Benitez-Villalobos, F., Betancourt-Fernandez, L., Borges, M., Brandt, M., Brogger, M. I., Borrero-Perez, G. H., Buitron-Sanchez, B. E., Campos, L. S., Cantera, J., Clemente, S., Cohen-Renjifo, M., Coppard, S., Costa-Lotufo, L. V., del Valle-Garcia, R., Diaz, Y., Diaz de Vivar, M. E., Diaz-Martinez, J. P., Duran-Gonzalez, A., Epherra, L., Escolar, M., Francisco, V., Freire, C. A., Garcia-Arraras, E., Gil, D. G., Guarderas, P., Hadel, V. F., Hearn, A., Hernandez, J. C., Hernandez-Delgado, E. A., Herrera-Moreno, A., Herrero-Perezrul, M. D., Hooker, Y., Honey-Escandon, M. B. I., Lodeiros, C., Luzuriaga, M., Manso, C. L. C., Martin, A., Martinez, M. I., Martinez, S., Moro-Abad, L., Mutschke, E., Navarro, J. C., Neira, R., Noriega, N., Palleiro-Nayar, J. S., Perez, A. F., Perez-Ruzafa, A., Prieto-Rios, E., Reyes, J., Rodriguez, R., Rubilar, T., Sancho-Mejia, T., Sangil, C., Silva, J. R. M. C., Sonnenholzner, J. I., Ventura, C. R., Tablado, A., Tavares, Y., Tiago, C. G., Tuya, F. & Williams, S. M. (2013) Appendix. In: Alvarado J. J. & Solis-Marin F. A. (Eds.), Echinoderm Research and Diversity in Latin America. Berlin / Heidelberg: Springer, pp. 543 - 654." type="book chapter" year="2013">
|
|||
|
|
Solís-Marín
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF9FFF1FB776C38FB26FDFE" box="[1187,1243,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
2013
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF606606FFF9FFF1FF436C74FE44FD62" ID-Table-UUID="DF606606FFF9FFF1FF436C74FE44FD62" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF606606FFF9FFF1FF436C74FE44FD62" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" targetBox="[151,1422,741,1512]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="11">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA0368EFFF9FFF1FF436C74FE44FD62" blockId="11.[151,1436,616,672]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF9FFF1FF436C74FEF3FD42" bold="true" box="[151,270,617,640]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Comparison of morphological characters of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF9FFF1FCD36C75FB1DFD42" authority="H.L. Clark, 1915" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1915" box="[775,1248,616,640]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Amphipholizona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="delicata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF9FFF1FCD36C75FBEAFD42" box="[775,1047,616,640]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Amphipholizona delicata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
H.L. Clark, 1915
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF9FFF1FAC86C74FEC0FD62" authority="Nielsen, 1932" authorityName="Nielsen" authorityYear="1932" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Amphipholizona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="perplexa" status="comb. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF9FFF1FAC86C74FAC9FD42" box="[1308,1332,617,640]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">A.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF9FFF1FAEB6C75FA61FD42" box="[1343,1436,616,640]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">perplexa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Nielsen, 1932)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25857E7FFF9FFF1FE976C94FE44FD62" box="[323,441,648,672]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">new comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA0368EFFF9FFF1FF4B6CA1FA7FF920" blockId="11.[159,557,700,722]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1436,1557,2014]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
|
|||
|
|
Morphological characters Species The genus
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF9FFF1FEC86808FE29F9EF" box="[284,468,1557,1581]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Amphipholizona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF9FFF1FEC86808FE29F9EF" box="[284,468,1557,1581]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Amphipholizona</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is clearly an
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF9FFF1FDA96808FCECF9EC" box="[637,785,1557,1582]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Amphiuridae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
in several morphological aspects. However, this genus shares some characters with other, apparently non-related genera. One example is the morphology of the lateral arm plate, which has spine articulations, particularly the knobs on the inner side, which are typically amphiurid, while the general outline of the plate and especially the outer surface ornamentation are similar to the pattern found in some species of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF9FFF1FE5268B8FDFCF97F" box="[390,513,1701,1725]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF9FFF1FE5268B8FDFCF97F" box="[390,513,1701,1725]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Ophiolepis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(see
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B7FFFF9FFF1FD9D68B8FCC7F97C" author="Thuy" box="[585,826,1701,1726]" pageId="11" pageNumber="395" refString="Thuy, B. & Stohr, S. (2011) Lateral arm plate morphology in brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea): new perspectives for ophiuroid micropalaeontology and classification. Zootaxa, 3013, 1 - 47." type="journal article" year="2011">Thuy & Stöhr 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 36, Fig. 21),
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF9FFF1FC3A68B8FA9FF97C" authority="Matsumoto, 1915" authorityName="Matsumoto" authorityYear="1915" box="[1006,1378,1701,1726]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiozonella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF9FFF1FC3A68B8FB78F97F" box="[1006,1157,1701,1725]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Ophiozonella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B7FFFF9FFF1FB4768BBFA9FF97C" author="Matsumoto" box="[1171,1378,1701,1726]" pageId="11" pageNumber="394" refString="Matsumoto, H. (1915) A new classification of the Ophiuroidea. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia, 67, 43 - 92." type="journal article" year="1915">Matsumoto, 1915</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF9FFF1FF4368D4FD3CF920" authority="H.L. Clark, 1915" authorityName="H.L. Clark" authorityYear="1915" box="[151,705,1737,1762]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiozonoida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF9FFF1FF4368D4FECBF923" box="[151,310,1737,1761]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Ophiozonoida</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B7FFFF9FFF1FEE868D7FE06F920" author="Clark" box="[316,507,1737,1762]" pageId="11" pageNumber="393" refString="Clark H. L. (1915) Catalogue of Recent ophiurans. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 25 (4), 163 - 376" type="journal article" year="1915">H.L. Clark, 1915</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
(Ophiolepididae)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(Ben Thuy and Daniela Y. Gaurisas personal communication).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA0368EFFF9FFF1FE346CF8FEE6FA2A" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
|
|||
|
|
<table id="F91FC42EFFF90005FF436CF8FA73FA2A" box="[151,1422,741,1512]" gridcols="3" gridrows="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="352F34CCFFF90005FF436CF8FA73FD39" box="[151,1422,741,763]" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" rowspan-0="1">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF9FFF1FE346CF8FB3AFD39" box="[480,1223,741,763]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FE346CF8FC6EFD39" box="[480,915,741,763]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF9FFF1FE346CF8FD22FD39" box="[480,735,741,763]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Amphipholizona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="delicata">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF9FFF1FE346CF8FD22FD39" box="[480,735,741,763]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Amphipholizona delicata</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</th>
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FC156CF8FA73FD39" box="[961,1422,741,763]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF9FFF1FC166CF8FB3AFD39" box="[962,1223,741,763]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Amphipholizona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="perplexa" status="comb. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF9FFF1FC166CF8FB3AFD39" box="[962,1223,741,763]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Amphipholizona perplexa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25857E7FFF9FFF1FB186CFBFAC0FD39" box="[1228,1341,741,763]" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">new comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
</th>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="352F34CCFFF90005FF436D13FA73FCE6" box="[151,1422,782,804]" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FF436D13FE6CFCE6" box="[151,401,782,804]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Disc</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FE346D13FC6EFCE6" box="[480,915,782,804]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Circular</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FC156D13FA73FCE6" box="[961,1422,782,804]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Circular</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="352F34CCFFF90005FF436D25FA73FCAE" box="[151,1422,824,876]" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FF436D25FE6CFCAE" box="[151,401,824,876]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Interradius</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FE346D25FC6EFCAE" box="[480,915,824,876]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">3 rows of plates. Marginal region with 3 plates</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FC156D25FA73FCAE" box="[961,1422,824,876]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">1 row of plates. Marginal region with 1 large, trapezoidal, plate</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="352F34CCFFF90005FF436D9DFA73FC54" box="[151,1422,896,918]" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FF436D9DFE6CFC54" box="[151,401,896,918]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Radial shields</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FE346D9DFC6EFC54" box="[480,915,896,918]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Large</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FC156D9DFA73FC54" box="[961,1422,896,918]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Large</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="352F34CCFFF90005FF436DB4FA73FC7D" box="[151,1422,937,959]" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FF436DB4FE6CFC7D" box="[151,401,937,959]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Oral shields</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FE346DB4FC6EFC7D" box="[480,915,937,959]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Small and diamond-shaped</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FC156DB4FA73FC7D" box="[961,1422,937,959]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Small and diamond-shaped</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="352F34CCFFF90005FF436DCFFA73FC2A" box="[151,1422,978,1000]" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FF436DCFFE6CFC2A" box="[151,401,978,1000]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Adoral shields</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FE346DCFFC6EFC2A" box="[480,915,978,1000]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Large and swollen</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FC156DCFFA73FC2A" box="[961,1422,978,1000]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Large and swollen</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="352F34CCFFF90005FF436DE1FA73FBD0" box="[151,1422,1020,1042]" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FF436DE1FE6CFBD0" box="[151,401,1020,1042]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Infradental papillae</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FE346DE1FC6EFBD0" box="[480,915,1020,1042]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Present</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FC156DE1FA73FBD0" box="[961,1422,1020,1042]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Present</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="352F34CCFFF90005FF436A38FA73FBF9" box="[151,1422,1061,1083]" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FF436A38FE6CFBF9" box="[151,401,1061,1083]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Number of oral papillae</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FE346A38FC6EFBF9" box="[480,915,1061,1083]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Two, distalmost opercular</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FC156A38FA73FBF9" box="[961,1422,1061,1083]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Two, distalmost opercular</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="352F34CCFFF90005FF436A53FA73FB41" box="[151,1422,1102,1155]" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FF436A53FE6CFB41" box="[151,401,1102,1155]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Arms</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FE346A53FC6EFB41" box="[480,915,1102,1155]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Long (6x disc diameter), and cylindrical</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FC156A53FA73FB41" box="[961,1422,1102,1155]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Short (1 ½ to 2.5x disc diameter), and dorso- ventrally compressed</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="352F34CCFFF90005FF436A8BFA73FB28" box="[151,1422,1174,1258]" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FF436A8BFE6CFB28" box="[151,401,1174,1258]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Dorsal arm plate</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FE346A8BFC6EFB28" box="[480,915,1174,1258]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Fan-shaped. Stereom with minute thorns</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FC156A8BFA73FB28" box="[961,1422,1174,1258]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Pentagonal or triangular. Stereom with minute thorns and with some tubercles in central region of plate</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="352F34CCFFF90005FF436AE0FA73FAD1" box="[151,1422,1277,1299]" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FF436AE0FE6CFAD1" box="[151,401,1277,1299]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Ventral arm plate</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FE346AE0FC6EFAD1" box="[480,915,1277,1299]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Pentagonal and flat</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FC156AE0FA73FAD1" box="[961,1422,1277,1299]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Triangular and swollen</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="352F34CCFFF90005FF436B3BFA73FAFE" box="[151,1422,1318,1340]" gridrow="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FF436B3BFE6CFAFE" box="[151,401,1318,1340]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Number of arm spines</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FE346B3BFC6EFAFE" box="[480,915,1318,1340]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">3 to 6</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FC156B3BFA73FAFE" box="[961,1422,1318,1340]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">3 to 6</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="352F34CCFFF90005FF436B4DFA73FAA4" box="[151,1422,1360,1382]" gridrow="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FF436B4DFE6CFAA4" box="[151,401,1360,1382]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Tentacle scale</th>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FE346B4DFC6EFAA4" box="[480,915,1360,1382]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Present, restricted to first five arm sgments</td>
|
|||
|
|
<td id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FC156B4DFA73FAA4" box="[961,1422,1360,1382]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Absent</td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr id="352F34CCFFF90005FF436BD3FA73FA2A" box="[151,1422,1486,1512]" gridrow="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
|||
|
|
<th id="76FE5DB0FFF90005FF436BD3FE6CFA2A" box="[151,401,1486,1512]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Discussion</th>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
</table>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C3056505FFF9FFF6FF1368F0FED7FEA7" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="393" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" type="reference_group">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA0368EFFF9FFF6FF1368F0FC9DFF17" blockId="11.[151,1436,1557,2014]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1436,151,357]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="393" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF9FFF1FF1368F0FE82F8C7" box="[199,383,1773,1797]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Amphipholizona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF9FFF1FF1368F0FE82F8C7" box="[199,383,1773,1797]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Amphipholizona</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
seems to be more closely related to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF9FFF1FCC868F0FC57F8C7" box="[796,938,1773,1797]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Amphipholis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF9FFF1FCC868F0FC57F8C7" box="[796,938,1773,1797]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Amphipholis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
than any other genus of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF9FFF1FB1768F0FAA6F8C4" box="[1219,1371,1773,1798]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Amphiuridae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. Both share a very similar pattern in the shape and arrangement of the oral frame and have one or no tentacle scales. It should be stressed that the great majority of species of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF9FFF1FCD36928FC68F88F" box="[775,917,1845,1869]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Amphipholis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFF9FFF1FCD36928FC68F88F" box="[775,917,1845,1869]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="392">Amphipholis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
have two tentacle scales. The arrangement of oral papillae is presently considered important in separating genera in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF9FFF1FC066944FACAF8B0" authority="Martynov 2010" authorityName="Martynov" authorityYear="2010" box="[978,1335,1881,1906]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">
|
|||
|
|
Amphiuridae (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B7FFFF9FFF1FBAC6947FAD2F8B0" author="Martynov" box="[1144,1327,1882,1906]" pageId="11" pageNumber="394" refString="Martynov, A. (2010) Reassessment of the classification of the Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata), based on morphological characters. I. General character evaluation and delineation of the families Ophiomyxidae and Ophiacanthidae. Zootaxa, 2697, 1 - 154." type="journal article" year="2010">Martynov 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, and the presence of oral papillae appear to represent a conservative pattern within the
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFF9FFF1FBDF6960FAAAF854" authority="Hendler 1988" authorityName="Hendler" authorityYear="1988" box="[1035,1367,1917,1942]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="11" pageNumber="392" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">
|
|||
|
|
Amphiuridae (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B7FFFF9FFF1FB7A6960FAB3F854" author="Hendler" box="[1198,1358,1917,1942]" pageId="11" pageNumber="394" refString="Hendler, G. (1988) Ophiuroid skeleton ontogeny reveals homologies among skeleton plates of adults: a syudy of Amphiura filiformis, Amphiura stimpsonii and Ophiophrragmus filograneus (Echinodermata). Biological Bulletin, 174, 20 - 29. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 1541755" type="journal article" year="1988">Hendler 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. They may thus be indicative of deep phylogenetic affinities. Notwithstanding, the absence of tentacle scales is recorded in species across the Ophiuroidea, which suggests that this absence may be homoplastic. Only a thorough phylogenetic study may confirm possible historical relationships between these genera and will be able to clarify the affinities of this genus with some genera of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFFEFFF6FD7F6EA1FCA1FF17" box="[683,860,188,213]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="12" pageNumber="393" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Ophiolepididae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BA0368EFFFEFFF6FF136EC2FED7FEA7" blockId="12.[151,1436,151,357]" pageId="12" pageNumber="393">
|
|||
|
|
With the present study we have clarified the systematic position of the genus
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B96BEA9CFFFEFFF6FBBC6EFDFADAFF3A" box="[1128,1319,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="393">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFFEFFF6FBBC6EFDFADFFF3A" box="[1128,1314,224,248]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Amphipholizona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="12" pageNumber="393" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Amphipholizona</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
and have contributed to the systematics, at least in part, of the families
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFFEFFF6FC866F19FC02FEDF" box="[850,1023,260,285]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="12" pageNumber="393" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Ophiolepididae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D0DFFFEFFF6FBE36F19FB13FEDF" box="[1079,1262,260,285]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Hemieuryalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="12" pageNumber="393" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Hemieuryalidae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. Further efforts are needed in order to characterize these less-known taxa and to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships within Ophiuroidea.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|