223 lines
25 KiB
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223 lines
25 KiB
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<document id="19B6DC0C2711A8EBE6BB11C830248755" ID-CLB-Dataset="55700" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5133.2.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ab46536f-264d-4372-b58e-c16649a0dd75" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6521605" ID-ZooBank="A227A794-4435-4FBE-B021-45EF51C56203" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1651754307656" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Coetzee, Maureen" docDate="2022" docId="038D87B8FF92FFC364B3F8935D46F9AE" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5133.2.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5133 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Anopheles tenebrosus Donitz 1902" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="192" masterDocId="FFB4FFC0FF98FFC96424F8045921FD39" masterDocTitle="Literature review of the systematics, biology and role in malaria transmission of species in the Afrotropical Anopheles subgenus Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae)" masterLastPageNumber="200" masterPageNumber="182" pageNumber="192" updateTime="1699329786491" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="D9F270FF98D14A30BB008AC49A390B01">Literature review of the systematics, biology and role in malaria transmission of species in the Afrotropical Anopheles subgenus Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="95585BDFB6D31DA8C2E0167EFB8D2268">Coetzee, Maureen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="0A5E27679E863911EC64413F1EA470C7">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="B8D83D6C52B6C0787476A464EEC3EBF3">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A464A735B973AFF0F6FA3E1092439808">
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<mods:date id="A47BAC1D0C38DC5EAE8805A0C95F97F7">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="60CA22AAAC0E61B794DF79C7C47E2AFC">2022-05-04</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="65C8A55ECE767D9A9FABD1871D2BC674">5133</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F17FCA7DDA7175C82B03D1E0532302D0">2</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="D9F2C2E64BB52D307500646A0B15E952" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5133.2.2</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038D87B8FF92FFC364B3F8935D46F9AE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6522894" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195192430" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6522894" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038D87B8FF92FFC364B3F8935D46F9AE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D87B8FF92FFC364B3F8935D46F9AE" lastPageNumber="192" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">
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<subSubSection id="C33E6525FF92FFC364B3F8935B65FD88" box="[151,580,151,178]" pageId="10" pageNumber="192" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9B36AEFF92FFC364B3F8935B65FD88" blockId="10.[151,580,151,178]" box="[151,580,151,178]" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">
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<heading id="D0D381C2FF92FFC364B3F8935B65FD88" bold="true" box="[151,580,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="192" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C244D2DFF92FFC364B3F8935B65FD88" ID-CoL="89Z7B" authority="Donitz, 1902" authorityName="Donitz" authorityYear="1902" box="[151,580,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="192" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenebrosus">
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<emphasis id="B950EABCFF92FFC364B3F8935B65FD88" bold="true" box="[151,580,151,178]" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">
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<emphasis id="B950EABCFF92FFC364B3F8935881FD8B" bold="true" box="[151,416,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">Anopheles tenebrosus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF92FFC36583F8935B65FD88" author="Donitz, W." box="[423,580,151,177]" pageId="10" pageNumber="192" pagination="15 - 88" refId="ref8125" refString="Donitz, W. (1902) Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Anopheles. Zeitschrift fur Hygiene und Infektionskrankheiten, 41, 15 - 88, 2 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300019994" type="journal article" year="1902">Dönitz, 1902</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33E6525FF92FFC364B3F8D85BEAFC2B" pageId="10" pageNumber="192" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9B36AEFF92FFC364B3F8D85BFBFDCD" blockId="10.[151,730,220,274]" box="[151,730,220,244]" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">
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1928.
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<taxonomicName id="4C244D2DFF92FFC364F3F8D85B41FDCD" ID-CoL="89Z7B" authority="Edwards 1928" box="[215,608,220,244]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="192" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="mauritianus" variety="tenebrosus">
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<emphasis id="B950EABCFF92FFC364F3F8D858E1FDCA" box="[215,448,220,244]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">Anopheles mauritianus</emphasis>
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var.
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<emphasis id="B950EABCFF92FFC365D7F8D85B41FDCD" box="[499,608,220,244]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">tenebrosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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of Edwards
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9B36AEFF92FFC364B3F8FE5BEAFC2B" blockId="10.[151,730,220,274]" box="[151,715,250,274]" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">
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1936.
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<taxonomicName id="4C244D2DFF92FFC364F3F8FE5B1AFC2B" ID-CoL="89Z7B" authority="de Meillon, 1936" box="[215,571,250,274]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="192" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="coustani" variety="tenebrosus">
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<emphasis id="B950EABCFF92FFC364F3F8FE58BDFC2B" box="[215,412,250,274]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">Anopheles coustani</emphasis>
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var.
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<emphasis id="B950EABCFF92FFC365EAF8FE5B1AFC2B" box="[462,571,250,274]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">tenebrosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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of de Meillon
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33E6525FF92FFC364B3F9455B45FC62" box="[151,612,320,347]" pageId="10" pageNumber="192" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B9B36AEFF92FFC364B3F9455B45FC62" blockId="10.[151,612,320,347]" box="[151,612,320,347]" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">
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<materialsCitation id="3B4C3CF3FF92FFC364B3F9455B41FC62" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3763101310" box="[151,608,320,347]" collectionCode="LOCALITY" country="Egypt" location="Wadi Natrun" pageId="10" pageNumber="192" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="549F880CFF92FFC364B3F94559FCFC62" box="[151,221,321,347]" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">TYPE</typeStatus>
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<collectionCode id="ED35AE6BFF92FFC364C0F9455853FC62" box="[228,370,321,347]" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">LOCALITY</collectionCode>
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:
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<location id="8EFB6075FF92FFC36558F9445B2FFC62" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038D87B8FF92FFC364B3F8935D46F9AE:8EFB6075FF92FFC36558F9445B2FFC62" box="[380,526,320,347]" country="Egypt" name="Wadi Natrun" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">Wadi Natrun</location>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF92FFC3663DF9455B41FC62" box="[537,608,321,347]" name="Egypt" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">Egypt</collectingCountry>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33E6525FF92FFC364B3F98D5C61FF43" pageId="10" pageNumber="192" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9B36AEFF92FFC364B3F98D587EFC9A" blockId="10.[151,1437,393,1175]" box="[151,351,393,419]" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">DESCRIPTION:</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9B36AEFF92FFC364E3F9A958E7FCFE" blockId="10.[151,1437,393,1175]" box="[199,454,428,455]" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">
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<emphasis id="B950EABCFF92FFC364E3F9A95875FCFF" box="[199,340,428,454]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">Wing length</emphasis>
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: 5.0 mm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9B36AEFF92FFC364E3F9D55BFBFF37" blockId="10.[151,1437,393,1175]" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">
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<emphasis id="B950EABCFF92FFC364E3F9D55827FCD3" box="[199,262,465,490]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">Wing</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="131F2A2BFF92FFC3653CF9D45852FCD2" box="[280,371,464,491]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="9.[151,264,2007,2031]" captionTargetBox="[156,1425,1481,1975]" captionTargetId="figure-208@9.[151,1436,1474,1984]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 9. Anopheles tenebrosus: a, wing; b, hindleg (from Gillies & de Meillon 1968)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521624" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521624/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">Fig. 9a</figureCitation>
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): Similar to
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<taxonomicName id="4C244D2DFF92FFC36629F9D55B8FFCD3" authorityName="Grunberg" authorityYear="1902" box="[525,686,465,491]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="192" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ziemanni">
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<emphasis id="B950EABCFF92FFC36629F9D55B8FFCD3" box="[525,686,465,491]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">An. ziemanni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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but apical pale fringe spot may be reduced, subcostal pale spot sometimes absent, and rarely, costa entirely dark.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9B36AEFF92FFC364E3FA1C5A2EFF0B" blockId="10.[151,1437,393,1175]" box="[199,783,536,563]" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">
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<emphasis id="B950EABCFF92FFC364E3FA1C58B1FF0B" box="[199,400,536,562]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">Maxillary palpus</emphasis>
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: Shaggy, with four pale bands.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9B36AEFF92FFC364E3FA395C61FF43" blockId="10.[151,1437,393,1175]" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">
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<emphasis id="B950EABCFF92FFC364E3FA395820FF6F" box="[199,257,573,598]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">Legs</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="131F2A2BFF92FFC36530FA385853FF6E" box="[276,370,572,599]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="9.[151,264,2007,2031]" captionTargetBox="[156,1425,1481,1975]" captionTargetId="figure-208@9.[151,1436,1474,1984]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 9. Anopheles tenebrosus: a, wing; b, hindleg (from Gillies & de Meillon 1968)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521624" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521624/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">Fig. 9b</figureCitation>
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): Apex of foretibia and base of foretarsomere 1 always dark. Apex of hindtibia narrowly pale; hindtarsomere 1 entirely dark basally; hindtarsomeres 4 and 5 pale, 0.5 of hindtarsomere 3 pale.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33E6525FF92FFC364E3FA815811FEDB" pageId="10" pageNumber="192" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8B9B36AEFF92FFC364E3FA815C7DFE33" blockId="10.[151,1437,393,1175]" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">
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LARVAL HABITAT: Natural collections of clear water with aquatic and semi-aquatic vegetation, such as swamps, ponds, backwaters of streams, springs, ditches and rice fields. In laboratory experiments,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF92FFC364B3FAC958E3FFDE" author="Coetzee, M. & Le Sueur, D." box="[151,450,716,743]" pageId="10" pageNumber="192" pagination="385 - 390" refId="ref7776" refString="Coetzee, M. & Le Sueur, D. (1988) Effects of salinity on the larvae of some Afrotropical anopheline mosquitoes. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 2 (4), 385 - 390. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2915.1988. tb 00212. x" type="journal article" year="1988">Coetzee & le Sueur (1988)</bibRefCitation>
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showed that 39.5% of 1,710
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<taxonomicName id="4C244D2DFF92FFC3672CFAC95A8FFFDF" authorityName="Donitz" authorityYear="1902" box="[776,942,716,743]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="192" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenebrosus">
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<emphasis id="B950EABCFF92FFC3672CFAC95A8FFFDF" box="[776,942,716,743]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">An. tenebrosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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eggs survived to fourth-instar larvae in 25% seawater, suggesting that the species could occupy a broader range of larval habitats than previously thought.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9B36AEFF92FFC364E3FB115811FEDB" blockId="10.[151,1437,393,1175]" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">
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ADULT BIOLOGY: Cattle-feeding tendencies were confirmed in
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<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF92FFC3678BFB105D2FFE17" box="[943,1038,788,814]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF92FFC36039FB105C3CFE16" author="Habtewold, T. & Prior A. & Torr, S. J. & Gibson, G." box="[1053,1309,788,815]" pageId="10" pageNumber="192" pagination="408 - 417" refId="ref8806" refString="Habtewold, T., Prior A., Torr, S. J. & Gibson, G. (2004) Could insecticide-treated cattle reduce Afrotropical malaria transmission? Effects of deltamethrin-treated Zebu on Anopheles arabiensis behaviour and survival in Ethiopia. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 18 (4), 408 - 417. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 0269 - 283 X. 2004.00525. x" type="journal article" year="2004">
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Habtewold
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<emphasis id="B950EABCFF92FFC36085FB115DFBFE17" box="[1185,1242,788,814]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">et al.</emphasis>
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2004
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF92FFC3610CFB1159F5FE6A" author="Zeru, M. A. & Shibru, S. & Massebo, F." pageId="10" pageNumber="192" pagination="322" refId="ref12226" refString="Zeru, M. A., Shibru, S. & Massebo, F. (2020) Exploring the impact of cattle on human exposure to malaria mosquitoes in the Arba Minch area district of southwest Ethiopia. Parasites & Vectors, 13, 322. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 020 - 04194 - z" type="journal article" year="2020">
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Zeru
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<emphasis id="B950EABCFF92FFC36140FB115CBCFE17" box="[1380,1437,788,814]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">et al.</emphasis>
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2020
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</bibRefCitation>
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). Long considered unimportant in the transmission of malaria parasites, this was confirmed by recent studies in
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<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF92FFC36490FB5959D6FE4E" box="[180,247,861,887]" name="Egypt" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">Egypt</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF92FFC36522FB5958F0FE4E" author="Morsy, T. A. & El Kadry, A. A. & Salama, M. M. & Sabry, A. H. & El Sharkawy, I. M." box="[262,465,860,887]" pageId="10" pageNumber="192" pagination="213 - 244" refId="ref10043" refString="Morsy, T. A., El Kadry, A. A., Salama, M. M., Sabry, A. H. & El Sharkawy, I. M. (1995) Studies on the bionomics and vector competence of adult anopheline mosquitoes in El Faiyum Governorate, Egypt. Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology, 25 (1), 213 - 244." type="journal article" year="1995">
|
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Morsy
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF92FFC3657CFB5958ABFE4F" box="[344,394,860,886]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">et al</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
. 1995
|
||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
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) and
|
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<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF92FFC36635FB585B84FE4F" box="[529,677,860,886]" name="Mozambique" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
|
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|
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(
|
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|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF92FFC36697FB585A95FE4E" author="Charlwood, J. D. & Macia, G. A. & Manhaca, M. & Sousa, B. & Cuamba, N. & Braganca, M." box="[691,948,860,887]" pageId="10" pageNumber="192" pagination="309 - 320" refId="ref7311" refString="Charlwood, J. D., Macia, G. A., Manhaca, M., Sousa, B., Cuamba, N. & Braganca, M. (2013) Population dynamics and spatial structure of human-biting mosquitoes, inside and outside of houses, in the Chockwe irrigation scheme, southern Mozambique. Geospatial Health, 7 (2), 309 - 320. https: // doi. org / 10.4081 / gh. 2013.89" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
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Charlwood
|
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<emphasis id="B950EABCFF92FFC3671DFB595A4BFE4F" box="[825,874,860,886]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">et al</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
. 2013
|
||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
; S. Irish, personal communication).
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF92FFC3616EFB585803FEA2" author="Aranda, C. & Aponte, J. J. & Saute, F. & Casimiro, S. & Pinto, J. & Sousa, C. & Rosario, V. D. & Petrarca, V. & Dgedge, M. & Alonso, P." pageId="10" pageNumber="192" pagination="180 - 186" refId="ref6730" refString="Aranda, C., Aponte, J. J., Saute, F., Casimiro, S., Pinto, J., Sousa, C., Rosario, V. D., Petrarca, V., Dgedge, M. & Alonso, P. (2005) Entomological characteristics of malaria transmission in Manhica, a rural area in southern Mozambique. Journal of Medical Entomology, 42 (2), 180 - 186. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jmedent / 42.2.180" type="journal article" year="2005">
|
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Aranda
|
||
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<emphasis id="B950EABCFF92FFC364B3FB8559F1FEA3" box="[151,208,896,922]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
(2005)
|
||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
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in southern
|
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<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF92FFC3658BFB845B62FEA3" box="[431,579,896,922]" name="Mozambique" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
|
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collected 43
|
||
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<taxonomicName id="4C244D2DFF92FFC366FFFB855AA1FEA3" authorityName="Donitz" authorityYear="1902" box="[731,896,896,923]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="192" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenebrosus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF92FFC366FFFB855AA1FEA3" box="[731,896,896,923]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">An. tenebrosus</emphasis>
|
||
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
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|
in a light trap and reported “a few” positive for circumsporozoite protein “albeit with low optical density values”. No further data were provided, and this requires confirmation.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
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<subSubSection id="C33E6525FF92FFC364E3FBE95D46F9AE" pageId="10" pageNumber="192" type="distribution">
|
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|
|
<paragraph id="8B9B36AEFF92FFC364E3FBE95D46F9AE" blockId="10.[151,1437,393,1175]" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">
|
||
|
|
DISTRIBUTION: Widespread and abundant throughout eastern and southern Africa, including
|
||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF92FFC364B3FC1459D7F913" box="[151,246,1040,1066]" name="Angola" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">Angola</collectingCountry>
|
||
|
|
. The presence of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C244D2DFF92FFC365ECFC155B5CF913" authorityName="Donitz" authorityYear="1902" box="[456,637,1040,1067]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="192" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenebrosus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF92FFC365ECFC155B5CF913" box="[456,637,1040,1067]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">An. tenebrosus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
in
|
||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF92FFC36686FC145BD5F913" box="[674,756,1040,1066]" name="Gabon" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">Gabon</collectingCountry>
|
||
|
|
was confirmed by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF92FFC367FFFC155DE5F912" author="Paupy, C. & Makanga, B. & Ollomo, B. & Rahola, N. & Durand, P. & Magnus, J. & Willaume, E. & Renaud, F. & Fontenille, D. & Prugnolle, F." box="[987,1220,1040,1067]" pageId="10" pageNumber="192" pagination="57294" refId="ref10692" refString="Paupy, C., Makanga, B., Ollomo, B., Rahola, N., Durand, P., Magnus, J., Willaume, E., Renaud, F., Fontenille, D. & Prugnolle, F. (2013) Anopheles moucheti and Anopheles vinckei are candidate vectors of ape Plasmodium parasites, including Plasmodium falciparum in Gabon. PLoS One, 8, e 57294. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0057294" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
|
|
Paupy
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF92FFC3600BFC155D4AF913" box="[1071,1131,1040,1066]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
(2013)
|
||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
who caught
|
||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D22FD27FF92FFC3617BFC145836F977" pageId="10" pageNumber="192" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
|
|
in a light trap in the La Lekedi wildlife park. Also known from
|
||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF92FFC36011FC315DA3F976" box="[1077,1154,1077,1103]" name="Egypt" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">Egypt</collectingCountry>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF92FFC360AAFC305DF4F977" box="[1166,1237,1076,1102]" name="Israel" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF92FFC360C7FC305C19F977" box="[1251,1336,1076,1102]" name="Jordan" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">Jordan</collectingCountry>
|
||
|
|
, eastern and southwestern
|
||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF92FFC36552FC5C5B38F94B" box="[374,537,1112,1138]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF92FFC36600FC5D5B5BF94A" box="[548,634,1113,1139]" name="Yemen" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">Yemen</collectingCountry>
|
||
|
|
and the
|
||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="49E0F84CFF92FFC366C0FC5C5A1AF94B" box="[740,827,1112,1138]" country="Oman" name="Zufar" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">Dhofar</collectingRegion>
|
||
|
|
coast of
|
||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F333763EFF92FFC3678FFC5D5AD7F94A" box="[939,1014,1113,1139]" name="Oman" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">Oman</collectingCountry>
|
||
|
|
(
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF92FFC36023FC5D5DBCF94A" author="Evans, A. M." box="[1031,1181,1113,1139]" pageId="10" pageNumber="192" refId="ref8223" refString="Evans, A. M. (1938) Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region. II. - Anophelini adults and early stages. British Museum (Natural History), London, x, 404 pp." type="book" year="1938">Evans 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF92FFC3608EFC5C5C1CF94A" author="Peffly, R. L." box="[1194,1341,1112,1139]" pageId="10" pageNumber="192" pagination="757 - 776" refId="ref10785" refString="Peffly, R. L. (1959) Insecticide resistance in anophelines in eastern Saudi Arabia. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 20, 757 - 776." type="journal article" year="1959">Peffly 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF92FFC3616EFC5C58A7F9AF" author="Gillies, M. T. & de Meillon, B." pageId="10" pageNumber="192" pagination="1 - 343" refId="ref8483" refString="Gillies, M. T. & de Meillon, B. (1968) The Anophelinae of Africa south of the Sahara (Ethiopian Zoogeographical Region). Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 54, 1 - 343." type="journal article" year="1968">Gillies & de Meillon 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF92FFC365B7FC785B01F9AE" author="Glick, J. I." box="[403,544,1148,1175]" pageId="10" pageNumber="192" pagination="125 - 153" refId="ref8528" refString="Glick, J. I. (1992) Illustrated key to the female Anopheles of southwestern Asia and Egypt (Diptera: Culicidae). Mosquito Systematics, 24 (2), 125 - 153." type="journal article" year="1992">Glick 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF92FFC36609FC795A2AF9AE" author="Morsy, T. A. & El Kadry, A. A. & Salama, M. M. & Sabry, A. H. & El Sharkawy, I. M." box="[557,779,1148,1175]" pageId="10" pageNumber="192" pagination="213 - 244" refId="ref10043" refString="Morsy, T. A., El Kadry, A. A., Salama, M. M., Sabry, A. H. & El Sharkawy, I. M. (1995) Studies on the bionomics and vector competence of adult anopheline mosquitoes in El Faiyum Governorate, Egypt. Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology, 25 (1), 213 - 244." type="journal article" year="1995">
|
||
|
|
Morsy
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="B950EABCFF92FFC366A1FC795BE3F9AF" box="[645,706,1148,1174]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="192">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
1995
|
||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB54B5FFF92FFC36732FC785D7BF9AE" author="Abdullah, M. A. R. & Merdan, A. I." box="[790,1114,1148,1175]" pageId="10" pageNumber="192" pagination="815 - 837" refId="ref6413" refString="Abdullah, M. A. R. & Merdan, A. I. (1995) Distribution and ecology of the mosquito fauna in the southwestern Saudi Arabia. Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology, 25 (3), 815 - 837." type="journal article" year="1995">Abdullah & Merdan 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
</treatment>
|
||
|
|
</document>
|