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<document id="5138C9C63054627B9F2EDE875814DFF0" ID-CLB-Dataset="55630" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5134.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a13639ac-223e-4ffe-9cae-007a1b397482" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6531298" ID-ZooBank="4B68EA16-6738-431E-BFFF-4CF9FB4FBB41" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1652087317317" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Duelli, Peter &amp; Henry, Charles S." docDate="2022" docId="0388BB4B6712E067B39DFA29FD550CBA" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5134.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5134 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Apertochrysa benedictae" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="79" masterDocId="FFB1C3336703E075B30AFFFAFFEF0F57" masterDocTitle="The Apertochrysa prasina group (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), with a key to the European species" masterLastPageNumber="91" masterPageNumber="61" pageNumber="78" updateTime="1699330029926" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="7C23BC130EF2479275BBF9B60B44C47A">The Apertochrysa prasina group (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), with a key to the European species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="97555FF9DB3B06F9B9AD954931491BF7" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="60DBDB61AC79186C5F2EED8F3401191C">Duelli, Peter</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="84AA526CF3A8DF921C2B1EE4B8018445" type="ORCID">0000-0001-8862-8262</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="85DCC4E59CD2A2EB24F8B0D4EB2CA616">Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Zu ̈ rcherstrasse 111, CH- 8903 Birmensdorf ZH, Switzerland. peter. duelli @ wsl. ch; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8862 - 8262</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3E92A0E17EF6281321E7C24118D6A388" type="email">peter.duelli@wsl.ch</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="D57BED0DDCAD28646E6C8AD03DA55EE2">Henry, Charles S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8DF2A89A423A095FEBB3C11FC3C0AF4E" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7297-9703</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="2237E504EA85C74DBAF3B8BBE651A0ED">Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Unit 3043, 75 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269 - 3043, USA. charles. henry @ uconn. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7297 - 9703</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="72112AE94811B32885300C0C11A56D78" type="email">charles.henry@uconn.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:date id="B699ECE89A18B225AE7E8864F5D68C07">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="0388BB4B6712E067B39DFA29FD550CBA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533030" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195277861" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6533030" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0388BB4B6712E067B39DFA29FD550CBA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0388BB4B6712E067B39DFA29FD550CBA" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">
<subSubSection id="C33B59D66712E064B39DFA29FD640ABA" box="[151,651,1490,1518]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9E0A5D6712E064B39DFA29FD640ABA" blockId="17.[151,651,1490,1518]" box="[151,651,1490,1518]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">
<heading id="D0D6BD316712E064B39DFA29FD640ABA" bold="true" box="[151,651,1490,1518]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6712E064B39DFA29FD640ABA" authority="(Semeria, 1976)" baseAuthorityName="Semeria" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[151,651,1490,1518]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apertochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="benedictae">
<emphasis id="B955D64F6712E064B39DFA29FD640ABA" bold="true" box="[151,651,1490,1518]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B955D64F6712E064B39DFA29FE2E0AB9" bold="true" box="[151,449,1491,1518]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">Apertochrysa benedictae</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC6712E064B2DAFA28FD6C0ABA" author="Semeria, Y." box="[464,643,1490,1517]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" pagination="199 - 202" refId="ref20304" refString="Semeria, Y. (1976) Contribution a la connaissance des Chrysopides de France (Planipennia, Chrysopidae). Troisieme serie: Les Alpes-Maritimes, 1974. Entomops, Nice, 38, 199 - 202." type="journal article" year="1976">Séméria, 1976</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33B59D66712E064B39DF9E2FB80099E" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B9E0A5D6712E064B39DF9E2FC8B0967" blockId="17.[151,1436,1559,1737]" box="[151,868,1559,1584]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6712E064B39DF9E2FD6C0978" ID-CoL="5FMCX" authority="Semeria, 1976" authorityName="Semeria" authorityYear="1976" box="[151,643,1559,1584]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Anisochrysa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ventralis" subSpecies="benedictae">
<emphasis id="B955D64F6712E064B39DF9E2FE070967" box="[151,488,1560,1584]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">Anisochrysa ventralis benedictae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC6712E064B2E4F9E2FD6C0978" author="Semeria, Y." box="[494,643,1559,1584]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" pagination="199 - 202" refId="ref20304" refString="Semeria, Y. (1976) Contribution a la connaissance des Chrysopides de France (Planipennia, Chrysopidae). Troisieme serie: Les Alpes-Maritimes, 1974. Entomops, Nice, 38, 199 - 202." type="journal article" year="1976">Séméria, 1976</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
: (original description)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E0A5D6712E064B39DF9CCFC950919" blockId="17.[151,1436,1559,1737]" box="[151,890,1590,1614]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6712E064B39DF9CCFD810919" ID-CoL="5JHT2" authority="(Semeria, 1976)" baseAuthorityName="Semeria" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[151,622,1590,1614]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Mallada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ventralis" subSpecies="benedictae">
<emphasis id="B955D64F6712E064B39DF9CCFE2F0919" box="[151,448,1590,1614]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">Mallada ventralis benedictae</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC6712E064B2C7F9CCFD890919" author="Semeria, Y." box="[461,614,1590,1614]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" pagination="199 - 202" refId="ref20304" refString="Semeria, Y. (1976) Contribution a la connaissance des Chrysopides de France (Planipennia, Chrysopidae). Troisieme serie: Les Alpes-Maritimes, 1974. Entomops, Nice, 38, 199 - 202." type="journal article" year="1976">Séméria, 1976</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC6712E064B17DF9CCFC950919" author="Semeria, Y. &amp; Berland, L." box="[631,890,1590,1614]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" refId="ref20379" refString="Semeria, Y. &amp; Berland, L. (1988) Nevropteres de France et d'Europe. Boubee, Paris, 190 pp." type="book" year="1988">Séméria &amp; Berland, 1988</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E0A5D6712E064B39DF9AFFCBC093A" blockId="17.[151,1436,1559,1737]" box="[151,851,1621,1645]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6712E064B39DF9AFFDB8093A" ID-CoL="4P2D3" authority="(Semeria, 1976)" baseAuthorityName="Semeria" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[151,599,1621,1645]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Pseudomallada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="benedictae">
<emphasis id="B955D64F6712E064B39DF9AFFE46093A" box="[151,425,1621,1645]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">Pseudomallada benedictae</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC6712E064B2BCF9AFFDA1093A" author="Semeria, Y." box="[438,590,1621,1645]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" pagination="199 - 202" refId="ref20304" refString="Semeria, Y. (1976) Contribution a la connaissance des Chrysopides de France (Planipennia, Chrysopidae). Troisieme serie: Les Alpes-Maritimes, 1974. Entomops, Nice, 38, 199 - 202." type="journal article" year="1976">Séméria, 1976</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC6712E064B16AF9AFFCBC093A" author="Canard, M. &amp; Thierry, D." box="[608,851,1621,1645]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" pagination="198" refId="ref18429" refString="Canard, M. &amp; Thierry, D. (2017) Designation d'un neotype pour Pseudomallada benedictae (Semeria, 1976) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae). Revue de l'Association Roussillonnaise d'Entomologie, 26, 198." type="journal article" year="2017">Canard &amp; Thierry, 2017</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E0A5D6712E064B39DF98EFCC109DB" blockId="17.[151,1436,1559,1737]" box="[151,814,1651,1676]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6712E064B39DF98EFDAE09DC" authority="(Semeria, 1976)" baseAuthorityName="Semeria" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[151,577,1651,1676]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apertochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="benedictae">
<emphasis id="B955D64F6712E064B39DF98EFE7B09DB" box="[151,404,1652,1676]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">Apertochrysa benedictae</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC6712E064B2ABF98EFDD609DC" author="Semeria, Y." box="[417,569,1651,1676]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" pagination="199 - 202" refId="ref20304" refString="Semeria, Y. (1976) Contribution a la connaissance des Chrysopides de France (Planipennia, Chrysopidae). Troisieme serie: Les Alpes-Maritimes, 1974. Entomops, Nice, 38, 199 - 202." type="journal article" year="1976">Séméria, 1976</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC6712E064B141F98EFCC109DB" author="Breitkreuz, L. &amp; Duelli, P. &amp; Oswald, J. D." box="[587,814,1652,1676]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" pagination="215 - 225" refId="ref18158" refString="Breitkreuz, L., Duelli, P. &amp; Oswald, J. D. (2021) Apertochrysa Tjeder, 1966, a new senior synonym of Pseudomallada Tsukaguchi, 1995 (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae: Chrysopinae). Zootaxa, 4966 (2), 215 - 225. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4966.2.8" type="journal article" year="2021">
Breitkreuz
<emphasis id="B955D64F6712E064B1B6F98EFD0009DB" box="[700,751,1652,1676]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">et al.</emphasis>
, 2021
</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E0A5D6712E064B39DF968FB80099E" blockId="17.[151,1436,1559,1737]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6712E064B39DF968FE5109FD" authority="(Séméria, 1976)" box="[151,446,1682,1706]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Mallada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ventralis" subSpecies="benedictus">
<emphasis id="B955D64F6712E064B39DF968FE5109FD" box="[151,446,1682,1706]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">Mallada ventralis benedictus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[sic] (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC6712E064B2F5F968FD7B09FD" author="Semeria, Y." box="[511,660,1682,1706]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" pagination="199 - 202" refId="ref20304" refString="Semeria, Y. (1976) Contribution a la connaissance des Chrysopides de France (Planipennia, Chrysopidae). Troisieme serie: Les Alpes-Maritimes, 1974. Entomops, Nice, 38, 199 - 202." type="journal article" year="1976">Séméria, 1976</bibRefCitation>
) was synonymized with
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6712E064B09AF968FAFE09FD" ID-CoL="35LYR" authority="(Schneider, 1851)" baseAuthorityName="Schneider" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[912,1297,1682,1706]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Dichochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zelleri">
<emphasis id="B955D64F6712E064B09AF968FBB809FD" box="[912,1111,1682,1706]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">Dichochrysa zelleri</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC6712E064B76EF968FAE409FD" author="Schneider, W. G." box="[1124,1291,1682,1706]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" refId="ref20212" refString="Schneider, W. G. (1851) Symbolae ad Monographiam generis Chrysopae, Leach. Sexaginta picturarum tabulis, in lapide acu delineatis, quarum quinquaginta quatuor coloribus impressae sunt, illustratae. Ferdinandum Hirt, Vratislaviae, 178 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8500" type="book" year="1851">Schneider, 1851</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC6712E064B63CF968FECC099E" author="Aspock, H. &amp; Holzel, H. &amp; Aspock, U." pageId="17" pageNumber="78" pagination="1 - 606" refId="ref17990" refString="Aspock, H., Holzel, H. &amp; Aspock, U. (2001) Kommentierter Katalog der Neuropterida (Insecta: Raphidioptera, Megaloptera, Neuroptera) der Westpalaarktis. Denisia, 2, 1 - 606." type="journal article" year="2001">
Aspöck
<emphasis id="B955D64F6712E064B680F969FF0D099E" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">et al.</emphasis>
, 2001
</bibRefCitation>
, but the two species look different in almost every morphological trait treated here.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33B59D66712E067B39DF908FC9E0E16" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B9E0A5D6712E067B39DF908FC9E0E16" blockId="17.[151,1437,1778,2020]" lastBlockId="18.[151,1437,151,1005]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6712E064B39DF908FE43085B" baseAuthorityName="Semeria" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[151,428,1778,1804]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apertochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="benedictae">
<emphasis id="B955D64F6712E064B39DF908FE43085B" box="[151,428,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">Apertochrysa benedictae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was recently found in large numbers around Granada,
<collectingCountry id="F3364ACD6712E064B709F908FBAC085B" box="[1027,1091,1778,1804]" name="Spain" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">Spain</collectingCountry>
(R. Alcalá Herrera &amp; F. Ruano, unpublished information), so Navás must certainly have collected that species in
<collectingCountry id="F3364ACD6712E064B73AF8ECFB9C0867" box="[1072,1139,1814,1840]" name="Spain" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">Spain</collectingCountry>
. He mentioned
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6712E064B62CF8ECFD800803" authority="Selys-Longchamps (1888)" authorityName="Selys-Longchamps" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apertochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="prasina" variety="punctigera">
<emphasis id="B955D64F6712E064B62CF8ECFA720867" box="[1318,1437,1814,1840]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">A. prasina</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B955D64F6712E064B3CDF8C1FEAF0803" box="[199,320,1851,1876]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">punctigera</emphasis>
Sélys-Longchamps (1888)
</taxonomicName>
from Granada (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC6712E064B02BF8C0FC410803" author="Navas, L." box="[801,942,1850,1876]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" pagination="204 - 211" refId="ref19444" refString="Navas, L. (1911) Notas entomologicas. [2 nd series]. 3. Excursiones por los alrededores de Granada. Boletin de la Sociedad Aragonesa de Ciencias Naturales, 10, 204 - 211." type="journal article" year="1911">Navás, 1911</bibRefCitation>
) and Chamartin (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC6712E064B77BF8C0FAEF0803" author="Navas, L." box="[1137,1280,1850,1876]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" pagination="73 - 114" refId="ref19484" refString="Navas, L. (1913 - 1914) Les Chrysopides (Ins. Nevr.) du Musee de Londres [1 b]. Annales de la Societe Scientifique de Bruxelles, 38, 73 - 114." type="journal article" year="1913">Navás, 1913</bibRefCitation>
-
<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC6712E064B602F8C0FAAB0803" author="Navas, L." box="[1288,1348,1850,1876]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" pagination="211 - 216" refId="ref19524" refString="Navas, L. (1914) Quelques Nevropteres recueillis par le Dr. Malcolm Burr en Transcaucasie. Revue Russe d'Entomologie, 14, 211 - 216." type="journal article" year="1914">1914</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC6712E064B65CF8C0FE95082F" author="Selys Longchamps, M. E. de" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" pagination="103 - 203" refId="ref20269" refString="Selys Longchamps, M. E. de (1888) Catalogue raisonne des Orthopteres et des Nevropteres de Belgique. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 32, 103 - 203." type="journal article" year="1888">Sélys-Longchamps (1888)</bibRefCitation>
had described a
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6712E064B131F8A4FC8A082F" authorityName="Selys-Longchamps" authorityYear="1888" box="[571,869,1886,1912]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apertochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="prasina" variety="punctigera">
<emphasis id="B955D64F6712E064B131F8A4FD5D082F" box="[571,690,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">C. prasina</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B955D64F6712E064B1E6F8A5FC8A082F" box="[748,869,1887,1912]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">punctigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F3364ACD6712E064B0A6F8A4FBE0082F" box="[940,1039,1886,1912]" name="Belgium" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">Belgium</collectingCountry>
, which had dark dots on the scape. Unfortunately, the
<typeStatus id="549AB4FF6712E064B267F878FE7208CB" box="[365,413,1922,1948]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">type</typeStatus>
specimen is missing (Oswald, 2020b). It is unlikely that
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6712E064B727F878FB2808CB" baseAuthorityName="Semeria" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[1069,1223,1922,1948]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apertochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="benedictae">
<emphasis id="B955D64F6712E064B727F878FB2808CB" box="[1069,1223,1922,1948]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">A. benedictae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, known only from hot and dry habitats in southwestern Europe, would occur in
<collectingCountry id="F3364ACD6712E064B035F85CFC4C0897" box="[831,931,1958,1984]" name="Belgium" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">Belgium</collectingCountry>
. While
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6712E064B0FDF85CFB4F0897" authorityName="Selys-Longchamps" authorityYear="1888" box="[1015,1184,1958,1984]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apertochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="prasina" variety="punctigera">
var.
<emphasis id="B955D64F6712E064B72DF85DFB4F0897" box="[1063,1184,1959,1984]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">punctigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of Selys-Longchamps must have been another prasinoid species, Navás may instead have found
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6712E064B0C6F830FB8B08B3" baseAuthorityName="Semeria" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[972,1124,1994,2020]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apertochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="benedictae">
<emphasis id="B955D64F6712E064B0C6F830FB8B08B3" box="[972,1124,1994,2020]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">A. benedictae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="F3364ACD6712E064B78CF830FB2608B3" box="[1158,1225,1994,2020]" name="Spain" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">Spain</collectingCountry>
, but did not realize that it was a new species. Another species with occasional scape dots living in
<collectingCountry id="F3364ACD6711E067B0F7FF6DFBD20FE6" box="[1021,1085,151,177]" name="Spain" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">Spain</collectingCountry>
(R. Alcalá Herrera &amp; F. Ruano, unpublished information) is Ap3. What Navás believed to be
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6711E067B041FF41FC1A0F83" authorityName="Selys-Longchamps" authorityYear="1888" box="[843,1013,187,212]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apertochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="prasina" variety="punctigera">
<emphasis id="B955D64F6711E067B041FF41FC1A0F83" box="[843,1013,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">var. punctigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
might have been
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6711E067B7B5FF41FA660F82" authority=", Ap" authorityName="Ap" box="[1215,1417,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apertochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="benedictae">
<emphasis id="B955D64F6711E067B7B5FF41FAB70F82" box="[1215,1368,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">A. benedictae</emphasis>
, Ap
</taxonomicName>
3, or
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6711E067B3BEFF25FEC70FAF" baseAuthorityName="Burmeister" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[180,296,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apertochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prasina">
<emphasis id="B955D64F6711E067B3BEFF25FEC70FAF" box="[180,296,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">A. prasina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Similarly, the records of
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6711E067B14CFF25FD320FAE" authority="(Séméria, 1976)" box="[582,733,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apertochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="benedictae">
<emphasis id="B955D64F6711E067B14CFF25FD320FAE" box="[582,733,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">A. benedictae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F3364ACD6711E067B02AFF25FC810FAE" box="[800,878,223,249]" name="Poland" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">Poland</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F3364ACD6711E067B0A8FF25FBED0FAE" box="[930,1026,223,249]" name="Bulgaria" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">Bulgaria</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC6711E067B71AFF25FAF10FAE" author="Canard, M. &amp; Thierry, D." box="[1040,1310,223,249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" pagination="198" refId="ref18429" refString="Canard, M. &amp; Thierry, D. (2017) Designation d'un neotype pour Pseudomallada benedictae (Semeria, 1976) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae). Revue de l'Association Roussillonnaise d'Entomologie, 26, 198." type="journal article" year="2017">Canard &amp; Thierry, 2017</bibRefCitation>
) must refer to one of the species in the
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6711E067B2C2FEF9FDF10E4B" baseAuthorityName="Burmeister" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[456,542,259,284]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apertochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prasina">
<emphasis id="B955D64F6711E067B2C2FEF9FDF10E4B" box="[456,542,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">prasina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group occasionally having dots on the scape. In northeastern Europe this would most likely be Ap3 or
<emphasis id="B955D64F6711E067B29BFEDDFDE30E17" box="[401,524,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6711E067B29BFEDDFDE70E17" baseAuthorityName="Burmeister" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[401,520,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apertochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prasina">A. prasina</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
but certainly not
<emphasis id="B955D64F6711E067B1D8FEDDFC9E0E16" box="[722,881,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6711E067B1D8FEDDFC810E16" authority="(Séméria, 1976)" box="[722,878,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apertochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="benedictae">A. benedictae</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33B59D66711E067B3CDFEB0FDCB0CF2" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B9E0A5D6711E067B3CDFEB0FC910E32" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1005]" box="[199,894,330,357]" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis id="B955D64F6711E067B3CDFEB0FEAB0E33" bold="true" box="[199,324,330,356]" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B4900006711E067B241FEB1FC910E32" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3763882307" box="[331,894,331,357]" country="France" location="France" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" specimenCount="28" specimenCount-female="20" specimenCount-male="8">
Available live-colored material:
<specimenCount id="9D27C1D46711E067B1BFFEB1FD070E32" box="[693,744,331,357]" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" type="female">20♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D27C1D46711E067B1FEFEB1FCF70E32" box="[756,792,331,357]" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" type="male">8♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectingCountry id="F3364ACD6711E067B02CFEB1FC990E32" box="[806,886,331,357]" name="France" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">France</collectingCountry>
)
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E0A5D6711E067B3CDFE95FB890DFE" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">
Body coloration of this rather small species is very pale, slightly bluish-green (
<figureCitation id="131A16D86711E067B73AFE95FB930EDE" box="[1072,1148,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1844,1868]" captionTargetBox="[416,1171,849,1821]" captionTargetId="figure-317@2.[416,1171,849,1821]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Apertochrysa benedictae with pale palps, white face, small brown dots on scape, orange spots on vertex, and pale, bluish-green thorax (female from Le Muy, Var, France)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6531302" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6531302/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="131A16D86711E067B7BBFE95FB2E0EDE" box="[1201,1217,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1061,1085]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1037]" captionTargetId="figure-29@8.[151,1436,181,1037]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Apertochrysa benedictae with longest costal crossveins 40% dark, brown dots on scape, two reddish-brown spots on prothorax (female from Le Muy, Var, France)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6531314" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6531314/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">7</figureCitation>
). Its distinctiveness from other species of the
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6711E067B2BDFE69FDE20EFB" baseAuthorityName="Burmeister" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[439,525,403,428]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apertochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prasina">
<emphasis id="B955D64F6711E067B2BDFE69FDE20EFB" box="[439,525,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">prasina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group becomes apparent in direct comparison with specimens of Ap1, which are encountered in the same habitat (dry Mediterranean oak forest). In southern
<collectingCountry id="F3364ACD6711E067B0E4FE4DFBDE0E86" box="[1006,1073,439,465]" name="Spain" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">Spain</collectingCountry>
, R. Alcalá Herrera and F. Ruano (unpublished) collected
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6711E067B2A3FE21FDAD0EA2" box="[425,578,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apertochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="benedictae">
<emphasis id="B955D64F6711E067B2A3FE21FDAD0EA2" box="[425,578,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">A. benedictae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on almond, oak and pine trees, as well as in olive orchards. A truly unique trait of
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6711E067B3E7FE05FE680D4E" box="[237,391,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apertochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="benedictae">
<emphasis id="B955D64F6711E067B3E7FE05FE680D4E" box="[237,391,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">A. benedictae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the very light yellowish-brown color of the palps. All other prasinoid species have palps with dark rings and dark tips. The whitish face and red subantennal sutures of
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE6711E067B0F3FDD9FB7E0D6A" box="[1017,1169,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apertochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="benedictae">
<emphasis id="B955D64F6711E067B0F3FDD9FB7E0D6A" box="[1017,1169,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">A. benedictae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are reminiscent of Ap1. The interantennal spot is round or bell-shaped. Brown caudal dots on the scape are characteristic of the species, but rarely some specimens with barely visible scape dots were encountered. Those are still clearly different from all other species by having the yellowish-brown palps. The vertex is yellow without spots.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E0A5D6711E067B3CDFD49FB690C42" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">
Female forewings are
<quantity id="4CD9A7B86711E067B2B4FD49FDD80D9A" box="[446,567,691,717]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="11.0">11–14 mm</quantity>
, in males
<quantity id="4CD9A7B86711E067B1ACFD48FCD30D9A" box="[678,828,690,717]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.15" metricValueMin="0.95" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="10.5" valueMax="11.5" valueMin="9.5">9.5–11.5 mm</quantity>
. The costal crossveins are dark on both ends, but never completely black. Males have furwings. Only a small portion of the veins around the im cell is dark, always in one piece (
<tableCitation id="C6A33FE66711E067B3EBFD01FEAD0C42" box="[225,322,763,789]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="11.[150,243,478,505]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="TABLE 1a. Distinguishing features in five of the nine European species of the prasina group." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5E5AD56708E07EB39CFE24FB5A0EAE" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" tableUuid="DF5E5AD56708E07EB39CFE24FB5A0EAE">Table 1a</tableCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="131A16D86711E067B272FD01FE240C42" box="[376,459,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1846,1870]" captionTargetBox="[169,1412,1181,1813]" captionTargetId="figure-39@9.[143,1444,1143,1826]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 10. Percentage of black in the three veins forming the intramedian cell. Low percentage is usually a black part in one piece, with increasing darkness the number also of black parts increases. The blue bars indicate the range for each species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6531320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6531320/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
). All gradate crossveins are darker than the longitudinal veins.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E0A5D6711E067B3CDFCE5FDCB0CF2" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">Usually there is only one pair of reddish or brown spots on the prothorax, and one pair of reddish-brown to black spots per segment on most abdominal tergites. Lateral abdominal stripes usually thin and long. Ventral side of abdomen whitish in both sexes, with pale hairs. Bright green eggs are deposited in crescent-shaped groups. Nothing is known about diapause induction.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33B59D66711E067B3CDFC54FD550CBA" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9E0A5D6711E067B3CDFC54FD550CBA" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis id="B955D64F6711E067B3CDFC54FE8C0C9F" bold="true" box="[199,355,942,968]" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">Distribution:</emphasis>
The species can be found on trees (mostly evergreen oaks, pine, almond and olive) in the hottest and driest habitats of southern
<collectingCountry id="F3364ACD6711E067B2FAFC29FDD30CBA" box="[496,572,979,1005]" name="France" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">France</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F3364ACD6711E067B178FC29FD5A0CBA" box="[626,693,979,1005]" name="Spain" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">Spain</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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