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<document id="D10739874EBA4B30953176B037833EA0" ID-CLB-Dataset="25128" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4689.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a63613b4-e611-42e8-89cd-2d3aae126759" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3519047" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1572008146457" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Calder, Dale R." docDate="2019" docId="9E4CE23AFFDAF157FF03673FFDBB2CA8" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4689.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4689 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Amphinema Haeckel 1879" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="24" masterDocId="62759A42FFCCF140FF946042FFFC2E67" masterDocTitle="On a collection of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the southwest coast of Florida, USA" masterLastPageNumber="141" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1698761183927" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="0E3C20225A11AF154536E02A059B89DA">On a collection of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the southwest coast of Florida, USA</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0A021FCCB6A721A6258AC5A8D6A60DB6">Calder, Dale R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="9D631F67FC0374DE7B016219CE9C64DE">2019</mods:date>
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<treatment id="9E4CE23AFFDAF157FF03673FFDBB2CA8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4581835" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159843463" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4581835" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9E4CE23AFFDAF157FF03673FFDBB2CA8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9E4CE23AFFDAF157FF03673FFDBB2CA8" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<subSubSection id="5EFF00A7FFDAF156FF03673FFEAA29F0" box="[151,342,1917,1944]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="165A532CFFDAF156FF03673FFEAA29F0" blockId="22.[151,1436,1917,2015]" box="[151,342,1917,1944]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<heading id="4D12E440FFDAF156FF03673FFEAA29F0" bold="true" box="[151,342,1917,1944]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="1">
<emphasis id="24918F3EFFDAF156FF03673FFEAA29F0" bold="true" box="[151,342,1917,1944]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="D1E528AFFFDAF156FF03673FFED729FF" ID-CoL="7NNWN" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1879" box="[151,299,1917,1944]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Pandeidae" genus="Amphinema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="24918F3EFFDAF156FF03673FFED729FF" bold="true" box="[151,299,1917,1944]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Amphinema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5EFF00A7FFDAF156FF0367E3FEE629DC" box="[151,282,1953,1979]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="description">
<paragraph id="165A532CFFDAF156FF0367E3FEE629DC" blockId="22.[151,1436,1917,2015]" box="[151,282,1953,1979]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<figureCitation id="8EDE4FA9FFDAF156FF0367E3FEFC29DC" box="[151,256,1953,1979]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1719,1744]" captionTargetBox="[296,1301,167,1686]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[281,1305,166,1699]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 2. a, Bimeria humilis: colony with two hydranths, Fort Myers Beach, ROMIZ B4330. Scale equals 0.2 mm. b, Bougainvillia rugosa: part of colony with hydranth and medusa bud, Sanibel Island, ROMIZ B4333. Scale equals 0.2 mm. c, Bougainvillia rugosa: newly liberated medusa from same hydroid, ROMIZ B4333. Scale equals 0.1 mm. d, Bougainvillia rugosa: 3-day-old laboratory-raised medusa from same hydroid, ROMIZ B4333. Scale equals 0.1 mm. e, Calyptospadix cerulea: part of hydrocaulus with branches, pedicels, hydranths, and a female gonophore, Caloosahatchee River at Fort Myers, ROMIZ B4340. Scale equals 0.3 mm. f, Amphinema sp.: hydranth and pedicel, Captiva Island, ROMIZ B4338. Scale equals 0.2 mm. g, Amphinema sp.: hydranth and pedicel, Captiva Island, ROMIZ B4338. h, Eudendrium carneum: hydranth and pedicel, Sanibel Island, ROMIZ B4343. Scale equals 0.2 mm. i, Eudendrium carneum: part of female colony with encapsulated embryos, Sanibel Island, ROMIZ B4344. Scale equals 0.4 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3519055" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3519055/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 2f, g</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="8EDE4FA9FFDAF156FE9867E3FEE629DC" box="[268,282,1953,1979]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="23.[151,248,1242,1267]" captionTargetBox="[157,1429,739,1216]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1435,733,1222]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 4. Amphinema sp.: nematocysts of hydroid stage, ROMIZ B4338. a, desmoneme. b, heterotrichous microbasic euryteles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3519059" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3519059/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">4</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5EFF00A7FFDAF157FF036786FF152F78" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="165A532CFFDAF156FF036786FA6029B8" blockId="22.[151,1436,1917,2015]" box="[151,1436,1988,2015]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="24918F3EFFDAF156FF036786FE7B29B8" bold="true" box="[151,391,1988,2015]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Material examined.</emphasis>
Naples (
<collectionCode id="70F4CBE9FFDAF156FE636787FDE029B8" box="[503,540,1989,2015]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">FL</collectionCode>
), Doctors Pass, north jetty, channel side, on stolonal bryozoan on boulder,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="165A532CFFDBF157FF0360DBFF152F78" blockId="23.[151,1437,152,719]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<materialsCitation id="A68D5971FFDBF157FF0360DBFE0E2EB0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2430643711" collectingDate="2017-12-06" collectionCode="ROMIZ" collectorName="D. Calder" latitude="26.17476" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-81.81485" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCode="B4337" specimenCount="1">
<geoCoordinate id="73D135EBFFDBF157FF0360DBFEBA2ED4" box="[151,326,153,179]" degrees="26" direction="north" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" precision="1" seconds="29.14" value="26.17476">26°10’29.14”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="73D135EBFFDBF157FEC560DAFDF82ED4" box="[337,516,152,179]" degrees="81" direction="west" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" precision="1" seconds="53.45" value="-81.81485">81°48’53.45”W</geoCoordinate>
, ELWS,
<date id="625B75ECFFDBF157FDF360DBFCC22ED4" box="[615,830,153,179]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2017-12-06">
<collectingDate id="721F8C04FFDBF157FDF360DBFCC22ED4" box="[615,830,153,179]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2017-12-06">06 December 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
, one stolonal colony,
<quantity id="D11DFEC9FFDBF157FBA460DBFB8C2ED4" box="[1072,1136,153,179]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
high, without gonophores, coll.
<collectorName id="BB1036FAFFDBF157FF5B60FFFEC02EB0" box="[207,316,189,215]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">D. Calder</collectorName>
,
<collectionCode id="70F4CBE9FFDBF157FED360FFFE5D2EB0" box="[327,417,189,215]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">ROMIZ</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="4643FB57FFDBF157FE3C60FFFE0E2EB0" box="[424,498,189,215]" collectionCode="ROMIZ" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">B4337</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.—
<materialsCitation id="A68D5971FFDBF157FD8760FFFC422EB0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2430643605" box="[531,958,189,215]" location="Captiva Island" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCount="1">
<location id="133A05F7FFDBF157FD8760FFFD462EB0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9E4CE23AFFDAF157FF03673FFDBB2CA8:133A05F7FFDBF157FD8760FFFD462EB0" box="[531,698,189,215]" name="Captiva Island" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Captiva Island</location>
, Turner Beach, on jetty
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="A68D5971FFDBF157FC5D60FEFF192F78" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2430643638" collectingDate="2018-03-01" collectionCode="ROMIZ" collectorName="D. Calder" latitude="26.482584" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-82.18411" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCode="B4338" specimenCount="1">
<geoCoordinate id="73D135EBFFDBF157FC5D60FEFB962EB0" box="[969,1130,188,215]" degrees="26" direction="north" minutes="28" orientation="latitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" precision="1" seconds="57.3" value="26.482584">26°28’57.3”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="73D135EBFFDBF157FBE060FFFAE42EB0" box="[1140,1304,189,215]" degrees="82" direction="west" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" precision="1" seconds="02.8" value="-82.18411">82°11’02.8”W</geoCoordinate>
, on rocks at low tide,
<date id="625B75ECFFDBF157FE9460A3FE512E9C" box="[256,429,225,251]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2018-03-01">
<collectingDate id="721F8C04FFDBF157FE9460A3FE512E9C" box="[256,429,225,251]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2018-03-01">01 March 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
, several colony fragments, up to
<quantity id="D11DFEC9FFDBF157FC8A60A3FCA32E9C" box="[798,863,225,251]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
high, without gonophores, coll.
<collectorName id="BB1036FAFFDBF157FB5D60A3FACB2E9C" box="[1225,1335,225,251]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">D. Calder</collectorName>
,
<collectionCode id="70F4CBE9FFDBF157FAD660A3FA602E9C" box="[1346,1436,225,251]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">ROMIZ</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="4643FB57FFDBF157FF036147FF192F78" box="[151,229,261,287]" collectionCode="ROMIZ" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">B4338</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5EFF00A7FFDBF157FF53616BFDBB2CA8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="165A532CFFDBF157FF53616BFDBB2CA8" blockId="23.[151,1437,152,719]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="24918F3EFFDBF157FF53616BFEC72F24" bold="true" box="[199,315,297,323]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Remarks.</emphasis>
While these hydroids have been assigned to
<taxonomicName id="D1E528AFFFDBF157FCA5616BFB9C2F24" authority="Haeckel, 1879" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1879" box="[817,1120,297,323]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Pandeidae" genus="Amphinema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="24918F3EFFDBF157FCA5616BFC4B2F24" box="[817,951,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Amphinema</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFFDBF157FC2A616BFB9C2F24" author="Haeckel, E." box="[958,1120,297,323]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 360" refId="ref134920" refString="Haeckel, E. (1879) Das System der Medusen. Erster Theil einer Monographie der Medusen. Denkschriften der Medicinisch- Naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft zu Jena, 1, 1 - 360." type="journal article" year="1879">Haeckel, 1879</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(family
<taxonomicName id="D1E528AFFFDBF157FB54616BFF2F2F00" authority="Haeckel, 1879" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1879" class="Hydrozoa" family="Pandeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">
Pandeidae
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFFDBF157FAAD616BFF2F2F00" author="Haeckel, E." pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 360" refId="ref134920" refString="Haeckel, E. (1879) Das System der Medusen. Erster Theil einer Monographie der Medusen. Denkschriften der Medicinisch- Naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft zu Jena, 1, 1 - 360." type="journal article" year="1879">Haeckel, 1879</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
), no gonophores were present in the examined specimens. Their trophosomes resemble those of species such as
<taxonomicName id="D1E528AFFFDBF157FF236133FDB72FEC" authority="(Peron &amp; Lesueur, 1810)" baseAuthorityName="Peron &amp; Lesueur" baseAuthorityYear="1810" box="[183,587,369,395]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Pandeidae" genus="Amphinema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dinema">
<emphasis id="24918F3EFFDBF157FF236133FED52FEC" box="[183,297,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">A. dinema</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFFDBF157FEAD6133FDBF2FEC" author="Peron, F. &amp; Lesueur, C. A." box="[313,579,369,395]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="325 - 366" refId="ref146170" refString="Peron, F. &amp; Lesueur, C. A. (1810) Tableau des caracteres generiques et specifiques de toutes les especes de meduses connues jusqu'a ce jour. Annales du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 14, 325 - 366." type="journal article" year="1810">Péron &amp; Lesueur, 1810</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="D1E528AFFFDBF157FD106133FC432FEC" authority="(Mayer, 1900 a)" baseAuthorityName="Mayer" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[644,959,369,395]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Pandeidae" genus="Amphinema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rugosum">
<emphasis id="24918F3EFFDBF157FD106133FCFA2FEC" box="[644,774,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">A. rugosum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFFDBF157FC826133FC4B2FEC" author="Mayer, A. G." box="[790,951,369,395]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref141511" refString="Mayer, A. G. (1900 a) Descriptions of new and little-known medusae from the western Atlantic. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 37, 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="1900">Mayer, 1900a</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, whose medusa stages have been reported from the southeastern Gulf of
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFFDBF157FE7861D7FDBE2FC8" box="[492,578,405,431]" name="Mexico" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Mexico</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFFDBF157FDC561D7FD172FC8" author="Mayer, A. G." box="[593,747,405,431]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 230" refId="ref141633" refString="Mayer, A. G. (1910 a) Medusae of the world. Volume I. The hydromedusae. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Publication 109, 1 - 230." type="journal article" year="1910">Mayer 1910a</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFFDBF157FD6361D7FBD82FC8" author="Segura-Puertas, L. &amp; Celis, L. &amp; Chiaverano, L." box="[759,1060,405,431]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="369 - 379" refId="ref149691" refString="Segura-Puertas, L., Celis, L. &amp; Chiaverano, L. (2009) Medusozoans (Cnidaria: Cubozoa, Scyphozoa, and Hydrozoa) of the Gulf of Mexico. In: Felder, D. L. &amp; Camp, D. K. (Eds.), Gulf of Mexico. Origin, waters, and biota. Vol. 1. Biodiversity. Texas A &amp; M University Press, College Station, Texas, pp. 369 - 379." type="book chapter" year="2009">
Segura-Puertas
<emphasis id="24918F3EFFDBF157FC3C61D4FC252FC8" box="[936,985,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al</emphasis>
. 2009
</bibRefCitation>
), but these sterile specimens cannot be confirmed as conspecific with either one from current evidence. The cnidome comprised the usual categories of nematocysts found in pandeids and bougainvilliids, namely desmonemes (3.2
<emphasis id="24918F3EFFDBF157FBDB619FFBA12F90" bold="true" box="[1103,1117,477,503]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">–</emphasis>
3.8 long x 1.7
<emphasis id="24918F3EFFDBF157FB6E619FFAF42F90" bold="true" box="[1274,1288,477,503]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">–</emphasis>
2.2 μm wide, undischarged, n=10, ROMIZ B4338) and microbasic euryteles (6.2
<emphasis id="24918F3EFFDBF157FC096243FC572C7C" bold="true" box="[925,939,513,539]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">–</emphasis>
7.1 long x 1.9
<emphasis id="24918F3EFFDBF157FBDB6243FBA12C7C" bold="true" box="[1103,1117,513,539]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">–</emphasis>
2.2 μm wide, undischarged, n=10, ROMIZ B4338). In size and shape, the euryteles approached those of
<taxonomicName id="D1E528AFFFDBF157FC7A6267FA822C58" authority="(Peron &amp; Lesueur, 1810)" baseAuthorityName="Peron &amp; Lesueur" baseAuthorityYear="1810" box="[1006,1406,549,575]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Pandeidae" genus="Amphinema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dinema">
<emphasis id="24918F3EFFDBF157FC7A6267FBA32C58" box="[1006,1119,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">A. dinema</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFFDBF157FBFA6267FA8A2C58" author="Peron, F. &amp; Lesueur, C. A." box="[1134,1398,549,575]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="325 - 366" refId="ref146170" refString="Peron, F. &amp; Lesueur, C. A. (1810) Tableau des caracteres generiques et specifiques de toutes les especes de meduses connues jusqu'a ce jour. Annales du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 14, 325 - 366." type="journal article" year="1810">Péron &amp; Lesueur, 1810</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
as described by
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFFDBF157FEB9620BFE282C04" author="Russell, F. S." box="[301,468,585,611]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="145 - 165" refId="ref148728" refString="Russell, F. S. (1938) On the nematocysts of hydromedusae. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 23, 145 - 165. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315400054011" type="journal article" year="1938">Russell (1938)</bibRefCitation>
, and those of both
<taxonomicName id="D1E528AFFFDBF157FD3F620BFCE02C04" baseAuthorityName="Peron &amp; Lesueur" baseAuthorityYear="1810" box="[683,796,585,611]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Pandeidae" genus="Amphinema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dinema">
<emphasis id="24918F3EFFDBF157FD3F620BFCE02C04" box="[683,796,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">A. dinema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="D1E528AFFFDBF157FCC0620BFC2A2C04" baseAuthorityName="Mayer" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[852,982,585,611]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Pandeidae" genus="Amphinema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rugosum">
<emphasis id="24918F3EFFDBF157FCC0620BFC2A2C04" box="[852,982,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">A. rugosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as described by
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFFDBF157FB06620BFAAB2C03" author="Schuchert, P." box="[1170,1367,585,612]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 159" refId="ref149146" refString="Schuchert, P. (1996) The marine fauna of New Zealand: athecate hydroids and their medusae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir, 106, 1 - 159." type="journal article" year="1996">Schuchert (1996)</bibRefCitation>
. Most notably, they were longer and much more slender than those of the bougainvilliid
<taxonomicName id="D1E528AFFFDBF157FBD7622FFACE2CE0" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1882" box="[1091,1330,621,647]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rugosa">
<emphasis id="24918F3EFFDBF157FBD7622FFACE2CE0" box="[1091,1330,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Bougainvillia rugosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the study area. Nevertheless, life cycle or molecular studies of conspecifics from the study area are needed to resolve the specific identity of this hydrozoan.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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