<documentid="059493AEA5481B30595003CCBF487EFD"ID-CLB-Dataset="298360"ID-DOI="10.3897/zse.100.122962"ID-GBIF-Dataset="2c6ee6a9-a4c9-4180-9d85-4657b90ba53c"ID-ZooBank="9ACE21C4-8D00-4C34-B7F5-EA8F5FE07243"ID-publisher-id="122962"URI-arpha="AF742CFC-4D47-5A16-992C-66AA236F3D8A"URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/9ACE21C4-8D00-4C34-B7F5-EA8F5FE07243"XM.bibliography_approvedBy="admin"XM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="admin"article-type="research-article"checkinTime="1718112248102"checkinUser="pensoft"docAuthor="Qin, Zhi-Xian, Shao, Wei-han, Du, Li-Na & Wang, Zhen-Xing"docDate="2024"docId="0736631C79B95B57A2CA85A61C28137D"docLanguage="en"docName="Zoosystematics and Evolution 100(2): 747-754"docOrigin="Zoosystematics and Evolution 100 (2)"docSource="https://zse.pensoft.net/article/122962/download/xml/"docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic"docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic"docTitle="Yunnanilus polylepis Qin & Shao & Du & Wang 2024, sp. nov."docType="treatment"docVersion="6"dtd-version="3.0"lastPageNumber="754"masterDocId="AF742CFC4D475A16992C66AA236F3D8A"masterDocTitle="A new species of Yunnanilus (Cypriniformes, Nemacheilidae) from Yunnan, southwest China"masterLastPageNumber="754"masterPageNumber="747"pageNumber="747"updateTime="1718121827139"updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:affiliationid="CB1D5A680CA7B464F7D0EE50FFE22B41">Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China & Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology, College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="58F2F2DFDB2EA854AC3BA8C309EDD0DB">Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="44DDCD019A5C351D25B53C66084D2A82">Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China & Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology, College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China</mods:affiliation>
<taxonomicNameid="F9261C8A30B3806D57C2CE5091E5210C"authority="Qin & Shao & Du & Wang, 2024"authorityName="Qin & Shao & Du & Wang"authorityYear="2024"family="Nemacheilidae"genus="Yunnanilus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Cypriniformes"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="polylepis"status="sp. nov.">
<specimenCodeid="B7B0B8FADC582713407A62C50817D987"collectionCode="KIZ"country="China"httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ncht-ribt"name="Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences"type="">KIZ 2023000009</specimenCode>
(Kunming Natural History Museum of Zoology,
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<collectionCodeid="D5B151C3D4AF57A496F5B30141F7987A"country="China"httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ncht-ribt"name="Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences"type="">KIZ</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCodeid="5DD4ED4702473C5176FCFCB3C274D3FA"country="USA"httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690"lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700"name="California Academy of Sciences"type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
<taxonomicNameid="7D7E3B01E0E16C076032EBE16D31FB6B"authorityName="Qin & Shao & Du & Wang"authorityYear="2024"family="Nemacheilidae"genus="Yunnanilus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Cypriniformes"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="polylepis">
is derived from the characteristic of being entirely covered by scales Gender: Masculine. We suggest the Chinese and English common names as “ 多鳞云南鳅 ” and “ densely scaled
<paragraphid="88D0E47A7571E7E02B7D56AEF0339A60">The new species is distinguished from all other members of the genus based on the following characters: whole trunk covered by scales; processus dentiformis absent; eye diameter smaller than interorbital width; nine branched dorsal-fin rays; 10 or 11 branched pectoral-fin rays; six branched pelvic-fin rays; outer gill raker absent and 10 inner gill rakers on first gill arch.</paragraph>
<tableCitationid="8D4EFD37D5A672C80E5328D8257AA583"captionStart="Table 1"captionStartId="T1"captionText="Table 1. Morphometric and meristic data of Yunnanilus polylepis sp. nov."httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/039A6360C7C8EC65895EE72CBC593B42"tableUuid="039A6360C7C8EC65895EE72CBC593B42">1</tableCitation>
. Whole trunk covered with small and dense tubercles. Greatest body depth anterior to dorsal-fin origin, posterior portion gradually compressed from dorsal-fin to caudal-fin base. Head length longer than depth and deeper than width. Snout slightly blunt, shorter than postorbital length of head. Eye diameter smaller than interorbital width, posterior nostril closer to anterior margin of eye than to tip of snout; anterior and posterior nostrils separated, distance greater than diameter of posterior nostril, base of anterior nostril tube-shaped, not elongated to barbel-like (Fig.
<figureCitationid="D3AB29D426EFDC88DD0F35FA9F38F612"captionStart="Figure 1"captionStartId="F1"captionText="Figure 1. Morphometric characters of Yunnanilus polylepis sp. nov. A – C. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of female, holotype KIZ 2023000009; D – F. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of male, paratype KIZ 2023000041; G – H. Living photo of female and male; I. Location of anterior and posterior nostrils."figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.122962.figure1"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1066194">1 I</figureCitation>
<taxonomicNameid="978FEB44532D0F42D69B83B29711C88B"authority="Qin & Shao & Du & Wang, 2024"authorityName="Qin & Shao & Du & Wang"authorityYear="2024"family="Nemacheilidae"genus="Yunnanilus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Cypriniformes"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="polylepis"status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicNameid="C3185769480608559D9948C6F60BACDC"authority="Qin & Shao & Du & Wang, 2024"authorityName="Qin & Shao & Du & Wang"authorityYear="2024"family="Nemacheilidae"genus="Yunnanilus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Cypriniformes"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="polylepis"status="sp. nov.">
<paragraphid="42D1E7BA363843862B8E0412E97B7A22">Body densely scaled except for head and thorax; pectoral-fin origin to pelvic-fin origin covered by smaller and sparse scales. Upper jaw processus dentiformis absent. Three pairs of barbels, two rostral pairs and one maxillary pair; inner rostral barbel reaching posterior nostril; outer rostral barbel reaching anterior margin of eye; maxillary barbel reaching posterior margin of eye.</paragraph>
<paragraphid="DC239937970F153041BDEC78CC4DEE05">Dorsal fin with four unbranched and nine branched rays; origin nearer to snout tip than to base of caudal fin; pectoral fin with one unbranched and 10 or 11 branched rays (mostly 10), inserted immediately anterior to vertical through posteriormost point of operculum; pelvic fin with one unbranded and six branched rays, tips of pelvic fin not reaching anus; anal fin with three unbranched and five branched rays, origin closer to anus; caudal fin emarginate, with 15 or 16 branched rays (mostly 15). Ten inner gill rakers, without outer gill rakers on the first gill arch; lateral line incomplete, with 15–20 lateral line pores, reaching between tip of pectoral-fin and dorsal-fin origin; cephalic lateral system with 13–14 + 3 infraorbital canal pores, 7–9 supraorbital canal pores, 6–8 supratemporal canal pores, and 9–10 preoperculomandibular canal pores.</paragraph>
<paragraphid="E854A1990C54B483F4C12C6C81FB5317">
Stomach U-shaped, intestine long and straight (Fig.
<figureCitationid="500F2AF0486B534324C775C51041D88E"captionStart="Figure 2"captionStartId="F2"captionText="Figure 2. The air baldde (A), stomach and intestine (B), KIZ 2023000010, and tubercles on the trunk (C), KIZ 2023000011 of Yunnanilus polylepis sp. nov."figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.122962.figure2"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1066195">2 B</figureCitation>
). Swim bladder divided into two chambers, anterior chamber covered by dumbbell-shaped bony capsule, posterior chamber developed, connected with anterior chamber by slender tube, tube length about half of posterior chamber length (Fig.
<figureCitationid="8175D5A02DAF1886B8C6A54E2AB4AE5D"captionStart="Figure 2"captionStartId="F2"captionText="Figure 2. The air baldde (A), stomach and intestine (B), KIZ 2023000010, and tubercles on the trunk (C), KIZ 2023000011 of Yunnanilus polylepis sp. nov."figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.122962.figure2"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1066195">2 A</figureCitation>
<named-contentid="5486EF18AA05924B6BE1E059063907A3"content-type="dwc:institutional_code"xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kunming-institute-zoology"xlink_title="Kunming Natural History Museum of Zoology, Kunming Institute of Zoology">KIZ</named-content>
<taxonomicNameid="F630EEB991E051A84DC5ECC47FEA8DC0"authority="Qin & Shao & Du & Wang, 2024"authorityName="Qin & Shao & Du & Wang"authorityYear="2024"family="Nemacheilidae"genus="Yunnanilus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Cypriniformes"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="polylepis"status="sp. nov.">
In life, both sexes, head and trunk with grayish background color. Lower margin of eye to dorsal head surface dark brown, dorsal head with heart-shaped dark brown pattern, ventral head surface without color pattern. Predorsal trunk with five or six dark brown blotches, larger width than interspace. Four or five dark brown blotches after dorsal fin. Two elliptical, dark brown spots at base of dorsal fin, two dark brown spots at base of caudal fin. Fin rays with dark pigments, fin membrane hyaline. In females, upper line of flank with 12–14 dark brown large spots (Fig.
<figureCitationid="6C98ABE36D9458F449DDF64E89957EE1"captionStart="Figure 1"captionStartId="F1"captionText="Figure 1. Morphometric characters of Yunnanilus polylepis sp. nov. A – C. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of female, holotype KIZ 2023000009; D – F. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of male, paratype KIZ 2023000041; G – H. Living photo of female and male; I. Location of anterior and posterior nostrils."figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.122962.figure1"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1066194">1 G</figureCitation>
). In males, body with black longitudinal stripe on both sides (Fig.
<figureCitationid="1BEB7DA6F3078190D5F9422EBCF29998"captionStart="Figure 1"captionStartId="F1"captionText="Figure 1. Morphometric characters of Yunnanilus polylepis sp. nov. A – C. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of female, holotype KIZ 2023000009; D – F. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of male, paratype KIZ 2023000041; G – H. Living photo of female and male; I. Location of anterior and posterior nostrils."figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.122962.figure1"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1066194">1 H</figureCitation>
). In formalin-fixed specimens, lateral stripe and blotches somewhat faded, body generally light yellow.
<headingid="B5EA3DA12B9693F6D9DDFCE9276E1A1C"reason="title">Distribution and habitat.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraphid="42DEFA36F99EE9E910141E8CFBA1EF27">
<taxonomicNameid="E6C22918B71AF40CC41618B083916B00"authority="Qin & Shao & Du & Wang, 2024"authorityName="Qin & Shao & Du & Wang"authorityYear="2024"family="Nemacheilidae"genus="Yunnanilus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Cypriniformes"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="polylepis"status="sp. nov.">
). This species inhabits a deep pool with water depths ranging from
<quantityid="ABBAF8A9251F82DD280F2E1BF326D492"metricMagnitude="0"metricUnit="m"metricValue="5.5"metricValueMax="8.0"metricValueMin="3.0"unit="m"value="5.5"valueMax="8.0"valueMin="3.0">3 to 8 m</quantity>
, characterized by a rich presence of macrophytes (Fig.
<figureCitationid="570112224D5BCED261CA255E12A95A3D"captionStart="Figure 3"captionStartId="F3"captionText="Figure 3. Type locality of Yunnanilus polylepis sp. nov. A. Distribution map; B. Habitat photo of the type locality at the time of collection."figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.122962.figure3"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1066196">3</figureCitation>
Despite its confined distribution, the population of
<taxonomicNameid="9E581064A83AD2C6621B3B3CCB8A96D6"authority="Qin & Shao & Du & Wang, 2024"authorityName="Qin & Shao & Du & Wang"authorityYear="2024"family="Nemacheilidae"genus="Yunnanilus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Cypriniformes"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="polylepis"status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicNameid="FDA809544211EDD58A5401087E0359D2"authority="Qin & Shao & Du & Wang, 2024"authorityName="Qin & Shao & Du & Wang"authorityYear="2024"family="Nemacheilidae"genus="Yunnanilus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Cypriniformes"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="polylepis"status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicNameid="1A1718FCA130A7E463721F64E929146F"authority="Qin & Shao & Du & Wang, 2024"authorityName="Qin & Shao & Du & Wang"authorityYear="2024"family="Nemacheilidae"genus="Yunnanilus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Cypriniformes"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="polylepis"status="sp. nov.">
were amplified in this study. These sequences were used for molecular phylogenetic analysis together with 34 complete mitochondrial genomes and six cyt
<taxonomicNameid="A20ECF2651BC1A0AE26C9AF1EB6E6645"authority="Dabry de Thiersant, 1872"authorityName="Dabry de Thiersant"authorityYear="1872"family="Cobitidae"genus="Parabotia"kingdom="Animalia"order="Cypriniformes"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="fasciata">
<figureCitationid="5C59B0369A1D092217A1550589DF6E1B"captionStart="Figure 4"captionStartId="F4"captionText="Figure 4. Bayesian phylogram of Yunnanilus based on a concatenated dataset of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and cytochrome b (cyt b) sequences. The numbers on the branches represent BPPs from BI and bootstrap supports from ML."figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.122962.figure4"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1066197">4</figureCitation>
). The phylogenetic tree strongly supports samples of
<taxonomicNameid="B96A6B6B4DEB4CF0748852E330DE15DA"authority="Qin & Shao & Du & Wang, 2024"authorityName="Qin & Shao & Du & Wang"authorityYear="2024"family="Nemacheilidae"genus="Yunnanilus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Cypriniformes"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="polylepis"status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicNameid="49BB80D48EDFEF5BC94DD011C83A9D59"authority="Qin & Shao & Du & Wang, 2024"authorityName="Qin & Shao & Du & Wang"authorityYear="2024"family="Nemacheilidae"genus="Yunnanilus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Cypriniformes"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="polylepis"status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicNameid="81FE415B250BF47AE2D957990EB3DB27"authorityName="Jiang, Zhao, Du & Wang"authorityYear="2021"family="Nemacheilidae"genus="Yunnanilus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Cypriniformes"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="chuanheensis">
<taxonomicNameid="C7E50BCC3452486E9ACEFD2B07904551"authorityName="Du, Hou, Chen & Yang"authorityYear="2018"family="Nemacheilidae"genus="Yunnanilus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Cypriniformes"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="jiuchiensis">
<figureCitationid="00141E6BC765C52CDF9804F34F703CFB"captionStart="Figure 4"captionStartId="F4"captionText="Figure 4. Bayesian phylogram of Yunnanilus based on a concatenated dataset of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and cytochrome b (cyt b) sequences. The numbers on the branches represent BPPs from BI and bootstrap supports from ML."figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.122962.figure4"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1066197">4</figureCitation>
